UDC 635.9: USING OF PLANTS THE SPECIES AND CULTIVARS GENUS BERBERIS L. FOR CREATION OF MONOGARDEN

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1 UDC 635.9: USING OF PLANTS THE SPECIES AND CULTIVARS GENUS BERBERIS L. FOR CREATION OF MONOGARDEN O.M. IAKOBCHOUK, engineer of forestry O.V. KOLESNICHENKO, candidate of biological sciences The question of creation of monogarden is studied with the use of plants the species and cultivars sort of genus Berberis L. Principles of creation of berberetumu are offered. The assortment of barberries is resulted for creation of monogarden. Key words: Berberis, monogarden, species, cultivar. Monogarden is a separate nook the garden, which is created a multitude of different species, varieties and cultivars of one kind. Monogarden make with annual and perennial flowers, ornamental grasses, of deciduous and evergreen woody plants such as irydariy (Iris L.), syrynhariy (Syringa L.), rosary (Rosa L.), pterydariy (Polypodiophyta) [2]. When creating monogarden most importantly to a chosen generation had many kinds of varieties of ornamental cultivars that would be different in color, shape, inflorescence, leaf texture if flowering plants they have different deadlines flowering. One of the promising areas of landscape design is to create monogarden using barberry (berberetumiv). Spectrum of use as a species and cultivars of ornamental genus Berberis in landscaping is quite wide group planting, solitaire, hedges, use complicated compositions, in particular when creating alpine garden, rocky gardens. Species of the genus Berberis grow in tropical, subtropical, temperate and cold zones that lie between the 50 north latitude and 55 south latitude. Centers species diversity of the genus are in Southeast Asia (China, Sichuan, Yunnan, southeast Tibet), Central Asia (Himalayas), and on the west coast of South America [8, 9]. Analyzing the natural spreading of the genus Berberis can say that they belong to various environmental groups.

2 In Ukraine, according to M.A. Kohna [3] species of barberry introduced to the five regions of cultivation, namely Polissya 15 species, Foreststeppe 68 species and 11 cultivars, Steppe of 45 species and 5 cultivars, Carpathians 7 types and 7 cultivars, on the Southern Coast of Crimea 82 species and 9 cultivars. Species of the genus Berberis most valuable ornamental plants the resistant to adverse environmental conditions. The exponent viability and ecological sustainability best in Kyiv there are species: Berberis amurensis Rupr., B. brachypoda Maxim., B. boschanii Schneid., B. dasystachya Maxim., B. dielsiana Fedde., B. heteropoda Schrenk., B. integerrima Bunge., B. lycoides Stapf., B. lycium Royle., B. parvifolia Sprague., B. regeliana Koehne, B. sieboldii Miq., B. thunbergii DC., B. virescens Hook., B. vernae Schneid. These plants are characterized by good general condition, form seeds. Some species (B. dumicola Schneid., B. poirettii Schneid., B. thunbergii DC.) Icy winter, slowly reproducing lost organs and usually do not form seeds, summer damaged by powdery mildew (B. amurensis Rupr., B. dasystachya Maxim. ) All these ecological features must be considered when establishment monogarden. Therefore, first of all, monogarden need to divide by several parts. Principles division of can be different: botanical and geographical, ecological and typological, phytocoenotic, systematic, decorative [4]. The purpose of research the study of the creation monogarden in the botanical garden of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (NUBiP Ukraine) using species and cultivars of ornamental genus Berberis. To pick up assortment to the create berberetumu. Materials and methods research. The object of the studies were species of the genus Berberis. During the designing monogarden barberry used methodical recommendations V.P. Kucheriavogo [4], I.O. Bogovoi, L.M. Fursovoi [5] and L.B. Luntsa [6]. When choosing group barberry for monogarden we have allocated species which will play the role of accents, of background and subordinate elements. When creating such a collection monogarden Botanical Garden NUBiP Ukraine, the plants

3 should be placed on the two schemes: botanical and geographical. In selected areas where plants will grow on a geographical basis, do approximate growth conditions such as tumors of relief. Also during the design berberetuma we obey rules create a traditional garden, namely the proportions, style, coloring, taking into account seasonal changes in species and cultivars of barberry. In our opinion monogarden barberry need to create in the landscape style with a combination of botanical and geographical and decorative principles. Species of the genus Berberis, which will be used to create berberetumu should be varied to crown shape, color and texture of leaves and flowers (fig. 1). Based on these characteristics can distinguish accents, background (neutral) elements and subordinate elements. For example, the cultivar Berberis thunbergii may be in the background and accent one composition to another. ) b) Fig. 1. ) B. ottawensis Superba ; b) B. boschanii Schneid. For correct scheduling of plants to create berberetuma we have developed a table, which shows how to use ornamental species and cultivars of barberry (table) List species and cultivars is presented as an example because Berberis genus is very large, comprising nearly 600 species, including deciduous and evergreen woody plants [9, 10]. At the expense of large selection of barberry plants can create diverse berberetumy. Considering the data presented in the table, you can begin designing berberetuma. From the table we see that in the genus Berberis is a great background plants such as B. boschanii, B. amurensis, B. virescens. Barberry Tunberha has the most number of ornamental cultivars, among which are vertically (B. thunbergii: 'Red

4 Pillar', 'Erecta'), is a dwarfed ornamental forms (B. thunbergii: 'Bagatelle', 'Kobold', 'Maria', 'Atropurpurea Nana', 'Admiration', 'Bonanza Gold'), plants with yellow, purple and flash coloring sheets (B. thunbergii:'aurea', 'Rose Glow', B. ottawensis 'Siler Miels') [1, 8]. In the literature without any clear rules which would specify whether asserted shapes and sizes monogarden. These parameters install when choosing plot where the plants will be planted for berberetuma. An important role in partition of the garden design plan plays a very plot. Monogarden of barberry plants can create from 10 to 100 m 2. The distribution species and cultivars of ornamental Berberis L. Group plants Use to accent Use for background (neutral) elements Use for subordinate elements Note Berberis L. B. thunbergii DC.: Red Roccet, Red Pillar, Erecta, Atropurpurea, Red Chief, Golden Ring, Green Ornament, Powwow, Green Carpet, Rose Glow, Bagatele, Aurea, Kobold, Maria, Atropurpurea Nana, Admiraition, Bonansa Gold. B. vulgaris L.: Purpurea, Violacea B. x ottawensis: Superba, Silver Miels B. thunbergii DC., B. vulgaris L., B. lycoides Stapf., B. boschanii Schneid., B. virescens Hook., B. francisci-ferdinandii Schneid., B. silva-taroucana Schneid. B.amurensis Rupr and other species of the genus Sheared shape species and cultivars of ornamental Spectacular during flowering, but it is short. Thanks to coloring leaves of ornamental cultivars have a number of color variations. In autumn period have great range of colors.

5 Plants to plant in that order: the background high plants such as B.amurensis, B. boschanii, B. lycoides (fig. 2), and the front low plants it can be both species (B. thunbergii, B. dumicola), and cultivar. Decorative composition effect will be maximized if planted plants will be the age of four years or more. The best composition would look if we use three levels of height. ). 2. ) B. dielsiana Fedde. ; ) B.amurensis Rupr. ) Results research. As a result, designing monogarden barberry in the botanical garden NUBiP Ukraine (BS NUBiP Ukraine) us was picked and proposed to create berberetuma assortment (table). The selected plants aged 4-5 years grown in the introductory the nursery garden BS NUBiP Ukraine. In the third tier is better to plant background elements B. amurensis, B. boschanii, because they height from 2,5 to 3,5 m, with a wide spreading crown, during flowering with beautiful yellow flowers, leaves clear in the second B. brachypoda, B. media, B. thunbergii, B. virescens, with a compact crown, plant height from 1,0 to 1,8 min the foreground undersized species, such as B. buxifolia, B. dumicola, B. julianae. Conclusions Create berberetuma need to hold in landscape style under the combination of botanical and geographical and decorative principles. Created berberetum can serve as a basis for the study of bio-ecological characteristics of species of the genus Berberis, research by types of that grow generic complex.

6 References 1.,,..III. ) / [.,.,..]..:, /. // /.,...:., /.. :, /.,...:, /... : Berberis L. /. // «,» 200-.,, : Ahrendt L. W. Berberis and Mahonia. A taxonomic revision / L.W. Ahrendt // The Jornal of society of London V.57 (N 369). 410 p. 9. Krüssman G. Hundbuch der Laubdgehölze Bd. 1. S

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