The Support to Aviation Control Service (SACS): an overview and recent developments

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "The Support to Aviation Control Service (SACS): an overview and recent developments"

Geoffrey McBride
6 years ago
Views:

WMO International Volcanic Ash Inter comparison Meeting June 29 July 2, 2015, Madison, Wisconsin, USA The Support to Aviation Control Service (SACS): an overview and recent developments N.

1 WMO International Volcanic Ash Inter comparison Meeting June 29 July 2, 2015, Madison, Wisconsin, USA The Support to Aviation Control Service (SACS): an overview and recent developments N. Theys (1), H. Brenot (1), L. Clarisse (2), J. van Gent (1), R. van der A (3), M. Van Roozendael (1), P. F. Coheur (2), D. Hurtmans (2), C. Clerbaux (2,4), K. Stebel (5), F. Prata (5), C. Zehner (6) presenting (1) BIRA IASB, Brussels, Belgium. (2) ULB, Brussels, Belgium. (3) KNMI, De Bilt, The Netherlands. (4) LATMOS IPSL, Paris, France. (5) NILU, Kjeller, Norway (6) ESA ESRIN, Frascati, Italy.

2 Overview SACS: system overview, satellite data Notification system for volcanic plumes of SO 2 and/or ash Possible improvements of SACS Ash plume from Eyjafjallajökull

3 The objective of SACS is with respect to volcanic SO 2 and ash.: 1. Deliver in near real time space observations 2. Provide near real time notifications ( and webbased) 3. Provide access to archive data >> Useful for operational and research applications Number of subscribed users : 250 Volcanic Ash Advisory Centres Volcanic Observatories Research and Meteorological institutions, Universities, scientists Flight captains & Airlines Companies VAST project

4 Support to Aviation Control Service (SACS) SACS first phase (TEMIS, PROMOTE) SACS second phase SACS2 October 2013: Multi sensors ash notif system April 2012: Multi sensors SO 2 notif system SACS first phase SCIAMACHY, OMI, GOME 2 UV visible sat. sounders SACS second phase SCIAMACHY, OMI, GOME 2 UV visible IASI, AIRS Infrared SACS2 SCIAMACHY, OMI, GOME 2 (A&B) IASI (A&B), MODIS Improved SO 2 and ash products

Main Service Support Features to Aviation Control Service (at the beginning SO2 notifications only): One e mail is sent per 12 hours and per 30 x 30 predefined region (first instrument to detect SO 2

5 Main Service Support Features to Aviation Control Service (at the beginning SO2 notifications only): One e mail is sent per 12 hours and per 30 x 30 predefined region (first instrument to detect SO 2 ). System optimized to avoid false notifications (e.g., anthropogenic SO 2 ) success rate: >95% After a notification, all other notifications (confirmation during the next 12h) are available through the webpage

6 E mail Notification provided to Users: SO2 notification service Bezymianny eruption November 2012

7 data sounder period region

Multi sensors notification system, OMPS S NPP

satellite monitoring of volcanic plumes, Nat.

8 Multi sensors notification system, OMPS S NPP Adapted from Brenot et al. (2014), Support to Aviation Control Service (SACS): an online service for near real time satellite monitoring of volcanic plumes, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 14, , doi: /nhess , S NPP

9 Multi sensors notification system Near real time delay: 1 4 hours Instruments Data type Data availability OMPS* (S-NPP) GOME-2 (MetOp-A) GOME-2 (MetOp-B) OMI* (Aura) IASI (MetOp-A) IASI (MetOp-B) AIRS (Aqua) UV/visible 2014/07 present UV/visible 2007/01 present UV/visible 2012/12 present UV/visible 2004/09 present Infrared 2007/10 present Infrared 2013/01 present Infrared 2002/09 present Overpass time Resol. (km²) Participants 13:30 50x50 NASA FMI 09:30 40x80 /40x40 DLR BIRA KNMI 09:00 40x80 DLR KNMI 13:30 13x24 KNMI NASA/FMI 09:30 21:30 09:00 21:00 01:30 13:30 Data products SO 2 vertical columns absorbing aerosol index SO 2 vertical columns SO 2 plume height absorbing aerosol index SO 2 vertical columns absorbing aerosol index SO 2 vertical columns absorbing aerosol index 12x12 ULB SO 2 index and columns ash indicator 12x12 ULB SO 2 index and columns ash indicator 15x15 NILU ULB BIRA SO 2 columns ash indicator *Very Fast Delivery mode (FMI): 15 over Europe

10 Example of notifications: Paluweh eruption First overpass : AIRS, 1h46 after the start of the eruption. SACS e mail notification: 4h23 after the start of the eruption.

11 Grímsvötn eruption May 2011 (Iceland)

12 Aerosol/Ash products Grímsvötn eruption May 2011 (Iceland)

13 Notification system Simultaneous eruptions of Nabro and Puyehue

14 Notification system Eruption of Eyjafjallajoküll SO 2 Ash

15 Selective detection of ash Absorbing aerosol index products are sensitive to all types of absorbing aerosols not to be used in an alert system

16 Multi sensors ash notification system New notification system selective for the detection of ash using IASI A, IASI B and AIRS (!!) Operational since October 2013 Extensive tests on historical data; no major eruptions missed. false notifications ~1% and misses (small puffs) <1% (but compromise on sensitivity)

17 Archive data! 10 years of ash in SACS ~ high confidence detections; ~ 400 days with detectable ash (note pixelsize >100 km 2 ) ~ IASI vs AIRS very consistent ~ no major eruptions missed ~ smaller puffs are regulary missed >> Expansion of SACS with «mineral product» ~ 2 false detections per year, alert system >99% accuracy

18 Eyjafjallajokull Grimsvotn Karymsky Shiveluch Kliuchevskoi Bezymianny Okmok Kasatochi Redoubt Popocatepl Santa Maria Fuego Montserrat Tungurahua Reventador Sarychev Kirishima Anahtan Merapi Kelut Tengger Caldera Chaitén Puyehue

19 Differentation ash/sand Kirishima (January 2011) Montserrat (January 2009) ASH SAND

20 Examples of false detections: Exceptional dust storms September 2009 June2008 Distorted medium / High confidence 1/50 1/100 Resuspended ash/dust? February 2010 December 2010 These are not false Alerts!

21 Notification System SO 2 Ash 2011

22 Volcanic ash encounter: Kelut eruption First overpass : AIRS, 1h11 after the start of the eruption. SACS notification send: 3h10 after the start of the eruption. Air plane grounded at airport of Jakarta

23 Volcanic ash encounter: Kelut eruption Passengers and Crew of Jetstar 114 were extremely lucky!

24 Volcanic ash encounter: Kelut eruption Kristiansen et al., JGR, 2015

25 Recent Notification: Calbuco eruption

26 Volcanic Ash Strategicinitiative Team The project has been established to improve the quality and use of EO based observations in numerical atmospheric dispersion models for the purpose of assisting global aviation. VAST - is coordinated by NILU

27 Possible Improvements of SACS 1. Continuous development of the notification system 2. Improvement of the ash monitoring capability of SACS (ash concentrations) 3. Include new sensors 4. NRT retrievals of SO 2 plume height IASI Nabro: 16 June 2011 Clarisse et al., ACPD, 2013

28 More information Support to Aviation Control Service or Paper on SACS: Brenot et al., in Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss.

Earth Observation Measurements http://lps16.esa.

submission 16 October 2015 Notification of

Programme February 2016 Opening of Registration

the symposium Submission of Full Papers at the

29 PRAGUE MAY 2016 Main Objective: Presentation of Exploitation Results based on ESA Earth Observation Measurements Important Dates: Deadline for abstract submission 16 October 2015 Notification of Acceptances End January 2016 Issue of Preliminary Programme February 2016 Opening of Registration February 2016 Release of the Final Programme at the symposium Submission of Full Papers at the symposium Themes: Atmosphere, Oceanography, Cryosphere, Land, Hazards, Climate and Meteorology, Solid Earth/Geodesy, Near Earth Environment, Methodologies and Products, Open Science 2.0

Maurice Borgeaud. Directorate of Earth Observation Programmes. Head of Science, Applications and Futures Technologies Department

Maurice Borgeaud. Directorate of Earth Observation Programmes. Head of Science, Applications and Futures Technologies Department Maurice Borgeaud Directorate of Earth Observation Programmes Head of Science, Applications and Futures Technologies Department ESRIN ESA s Earth Observation HQ Personnel on site: ~ 550 Payload operations