CEHMM. 505 North Main Street, Carlsbad, NM

Transcription

1 CEHMM 505 North Main Street, Carlsbad, NM Request for Proposal (RFP) No. CEHMM for Aerial and Hand Mesquite Treatment Bresenham, Riley and Kizer Submission Information Each company or individual submitting a proposal should demonstrate their ability to perform the work by describing their experience and capabilities. Please provide evidence of any necessary licenses, bonding, or insurance with proposal. Submit to: Center of Excellence (CEHMM) 505 North Main Street Carlsbad, NM Phone: (575) info@cehmm.org Proposals Due 4:00 PM on July 22, 2016 RFP Point of Contact: Tish McDaniel

2 Company Background The Center of Excellence (CEHMM) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation involved in research and development in southeastern New Mexico. CEHMM is dedicated to wildlife conservation with holistic management approaches that not only benefit two particular species of concern, the lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) (LPC) and the dunes sagebrush lizard (Sceloporus arenicolus) (DSL) but also provides environmental enhancements that are beneficial to all biotic factors within those habitats. For more information, please see website at Project Description Project 1: Three areas will be aerially treated with Sendero/Remedy (ration of 28:8 oz) targeting mesquite. Project 2: One area will be hand treated with Sendero/Remedy (ration of 28:8 oz) targeting mesquite. Contractors will follow NMSU and DOWs recommended application rates (http-- Refer to two attachments: NMSU B819 and NMSU CRE597 Project 1: Three areas will be aerially treated with Sendero/Remedy (ratio of 28:8 oz) focusing on mesquite. (see General Location map). Shapefiles will be given when awarded bid. A) Kylene Bresenham acres, Milnesand, NM area (see map) B) Shannon Kizer - 3,196 acres, Kenna, NM area (see map) C) Bret Riley - 4,029 acres, Caprock, NM area (see map) Project 2: Hand application for mesquite on Shannon Kizer for approximately189 hours. (see map). Shapefiles will be given when awarded bid. Submission Requirements Bidder will submit qualifications and past experience with similar projects. In addition, bidder must provide detailed project schedule and budget which includes cost of materials, supplies, and labor. Bidder may submit for either or both projects. Assumptions and Agreements The contractor will:

3 Be licensed to work in the State of New Mexico and comply with all applicable laws/regulations. Provide their own liability, auto, and workman s comp insurance. Provide their own on-site safety oversight and all personal protection equipment. Be responsible for disposal of waste in accordance with laws and regulations. Provide all necessary equipment. Provide a timeline for completion. Additional Information or Clarification Any questions should be directed to Tish McDaniel Basis for Award The award will be based on the following criteria in order of relative significance: demonstrated qualifications, experience with similar projects, and price. Anticipated Schedule Initial review and request for additional information, if necessary, release of RFP to July 21, 2016 Final award -July 27, 2016

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5 Mesquite Control: Aerial Application Guide B-819 Revised by Keith Duncan and Kirk McDaniel 1 Cooperative Extension Service College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences Honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr.) is a shrub or small tree 3 to 12 feet tall. Mesquite has always been a part of the plant community in New Mexico, but historically mesquite was confined primarily to watercourses and other moist sites. The introduction of domestic livestock, increased control of wildfire, and droughts all gave woody plants a competitive advantage and resulted in changes in rangeland plant composition. Efforts to control mesquite will not produce lasting results without a commitment to sound grazing management. If overgrazing occurs, mesquite or other undesirable vegetation will return to dominate the site. When selecting a mesquite control method, consider the presence of other undesirable plants. Removal of one species can result in the rapid increase of another. As a result, soil moisture does not become available for desirable species. Followup s on the other undesirable plants may be necessary after mesquite control. Figure 1. Aerial spraying is the only practical method of mesquite control in dense infestations where target plants vary in age and size. AERIAL BROADCAST APPLICATION Aerial application is an effective method of applying herbicides to mesquite and other plant species that are susceptible to foliar-applied herbicides. Foliar application places the spray mixture on the leaf surface, where the herbicide enters the plant and is translocated to the root system to kill the plant. Aerial application is well suited to uneven, rough terrain. Aerial spraying is the only practical method of brush control in dense infestations where target plants vary in age and size (Figure 1). 1 Respectively, Retired Professor and Brush and Weed Specialist, Agricultural Science Center at Artesia; and Retired Professor and Range Management Specialist, Department of Extension Animal Sciences and Natural Resources, both of New Mexico State University. To find more resources for your business, home, or family, visit the College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences on the World Wide Web at aces.nmsu.edu

6 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Weather conditions at the time of spraying are extremely important to successful aerial application. Coverage is best with low wind speeds and cool temperatures. High wind speeds distort the spray pattern and increase the drift hazard; high air temperatures increase the spray solution volatility and drift hazard. Optimal wind velocity is 3 to 8 mph and air temperature should not exceed 90 F. Do not spray if a rain storm is expected within 6 hours after application. The plant condition and growth stage also affect the success of the application. Vigorously growing plants in good physical condition are most susceptible to foliar application. Do not spray mesquite that is under stress from drought, disease, insects, frost, or wind damage. Do not spray when rains have stimulated growth of light green, new foliage, which creates uneven growth in the canopy. Consider other undesirable plant species growing near the target mesquite. Often, these plants require a different herbicide for control. When mesquite is removed, the associated species may become dominant, resulting in degradation of the range. Pasture management before and after spraying determines the degree of rangeland improvement resulting from mesquite control. It is very important to defer a pasture for one to two growing seasons after spraying to improve grass vigor and to allow the establishment of perennial grasses. SPECIFIC GUIDELINES The proper time to foliar spray mesquite varies from year to year because of specific weather conditions. The amount of winter and spring moisture before spraying is particularly important in determining if or when to treat. In southwestern New Mexico, a minimum of 2 inches of precipitation between January 1 and June 1 is recommended before spraying in June or July. In eastern New Mexico, a minimum of 3 inches of precipitation between January 1 and June 1 is recommended before spraying. The soil temperature at a 12- to 18-inch depth should be between 80 and 86 F at spraying for best results. Heavy, moist clay soils warm slower than light, sandy soils. In areas of mixed soil types, the soil that makes up the majority of the area should govern temperature requirements. However, do not delay spraying while waiting for soil temperature to rise if the mesquite is becoming stressed. In most years, the application will be made around June 20, plus or minus 15 to 20 days. The phenological stage of mesquite is critical for determining the proper spray period. For best results, mesquite pods should be elongated but not filled or swollen. Twig elongation should have stopped, and the foliage should have changed from a light peagreen to dark green with vigorous growth. HERBICIDES AND RATES OF APPLICATION A number of different herbicides, herbicide combinations, and application rates may be used for mesquite control (Table 1). The specific mixture may be determined by herbicide availability, herbicide cost, and land manager preference. es of triclopyr + clopyralid have consistently provided the best mesquite control in New Mexico. The proper rate of triclopyr + clopyralid tank mix depends on the mesquite habitat type. Upright, few-stemmed mesquite may be controlled at the lower rate. Short, many-stemmed, duney mesquite requires the higher rate for acceptable control. A newer herbicide mixture, Sendero, includes clopyralid + aminopyralid and provides acceptable control. Adding triclopyr to the mixture provides higher control, especially on lower-growing, multistemmed mesquite. Picloram or + fluroxypyr may be mixed with clopyralid + triclopyr or clopyralid + aminopyralid to control mesquite/mixed brush stands, Guide B-819 Page 2

7 Table 1. Recommended Spray Mixtures for Aerial Broadcast Application on Mesquite Trade name Active ingredient Product rate/acre Active ingredient rate/acre Remedy Ultra Triclopyr 1/2 to 1 pt 1/4 to 1/2 lb Reclaim Clopyralid 2/3 to 1 1/4 pt 1/4 to 1/2 lb *Remedy + Reclaim Triclopyr + clopyralid 1/4 to 3/4 pt + 1/3 to 1 pt 1/8 to 3/8 lb + 1/8 to 3/8 lb Sendero Clopyralid + aminopyralid 28 oz 0.61 lb *Sendero + Remedy Clopyralid + aminopyralid + triclopyr Sendero + Surmount Remedy + Reclaim + Surmount Clopyralid + aminopyralid + + fluroxypyr Triclopyr + clopyralid + + fluroxypyr 28 oz + 8 oz 0.61 lb lb 28 oz + 1 to 2 qt 0.61 lb lb 1/2 pt + 2/3 pt + 1 to 2 qt 1/4 lb + 1/4 lb lb **Spike 20P Tebuthiuron 3 3/4 to 7 1/2 lb 3/4 to 1 1/2 lb *Bolded rows provide best control under most New Mexico conditions. **Apply only to mixed brush stands on sandy soils. especially those with prickly pear, cholla, catclaw, or whitethorn acacia in the understory. These mixtures will require the applicator to prepare the proper tank mixes. Mesquite growing on sandy soils in mixed stands with shinnery oak as a dominant species along with sand sagebrush, wolfberry, skunkbrush, catclaw, and whitethorn are best controlled with tebuthiuron. Tebuthiuron is most effective on shinnery oak and will not kill a high percentage of mesquite. It will however, defoliate mesquite and give shortterm leaf suppression. Liquid herbicide sprays should be applied at 2 to 4 gallons total solution per acre. For best results, use an oil-in-water emulsion utilizing 1 pint to 1 quart diesel fuel oil or crop oil with an emulsifier such as Triton X-100. A drift suppressant is recommended at label rates to reduce the chance of drift. Do not make aerial foliar applications: When plants are not vigorously growing or have poor leaf cover. In drought years when January 1 to June 1 precipitation is considerably low. After late frost, hail, insect, or wind damage. When recent rains have resulted in light green new growth at tops of plants. During high winds (greater than 8 mph) or high air temperatures (greater than 90 F). Near susceptible crops or other vegetation. Brand names appearing in publications are for product identification purposes only. No endorsement is intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned. Persons using such products assume responsibility for their use in accordance with current label directions of the manufacturer. Guide B-819 Page 3

8 Contents of publications may be freely reproduced for educational purposes. All other rights reserved. For permission to use publications for other purposes, contact or the Department of Extension Animal Sciences and Natural Resources at or (575) New Mexico State University is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and educator. NMSU and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Revised June 2015 Las Cruces, NM Guide B-819 Page 4

9 Chemical Weed and Brush Control for New Mexico Rangelands Circular 597 Revised by Keith W. Duncan and Kirk C. McDaniel 1 Cooperative Extension Service College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences See back page for list of plants discussed in this circular. Noxious woody and weedy plants inhabit much of New Mexico s rangelands. Dense stands of brush and weeds use vast quantities of water, reduce forage production and contribute to erosion. If rangelands are to reach their productive potential, noxious plants need to be managed effectively. Herbicides can be effective, economical and efficient methods for controlling brush and weeds and improving and maintaining rangelands. This circular lists current suggestions for herbicides to control woody and herbaceous weeds on rangeland. Some herbicides provide a high degree of control of certain species and a reduced degree of control of other species. However, seldom is a species eradicated. When developing a woody and herbaceous weed management program, consider all possible rangeland uses. Many woody plants and forbs are valuable sources of food and cover for wildlife and can also be important to livestock operations. A woody and herbaceous weed management program should use control methods that provide optimum benefits to both livestock and wildlife. Herbicides are effective and safe when they are used properly (Appendix A). Misuse can result in poor woody and herbaceous weed control, increased expense, and possible hazards from herbicidal drift or residues that damage or kill desirable plants. Use the following guidelines for proper herbicide use: Correctly identify the plant species and evaluate the need for control. Consider the expected benefits and costs of herbicide and alternative control practices, as well as alternative uses of funds. Select and purchase the appropriate herbicide for the plant species. Provide and require proper safety equipment. Calibrate spray equipment to correctly apply the desired rate. Mix herbicides in a well-ventilated area, preferably outside. Spray under conditions that minimize drift. Read and follow instructions on the label. Keep a record of the herbicide used, time of application, weather conditions, rate of herbicide applied, date, location and applicator. For successful weed control, the correct quantity of herbicide mixture must be applied to a specific area. To calibrate spray equipment, see NMSU Cooperative Extension Service Guide A-613, Sprayer Calibration ( aces.nmsu.edu/pubs/_a/a-613.pdf), on calibrating pesticide applicators. For information about procedures for obtaining a pesticide applicator s license and other information about applying herbicides properly, contact your county Extension office. The following suggestions for using herbicides are based upon their effectiveness under New Mexico conditions. Broadcast and individual plant s are presented in Table 1. s are best suited for controlling thin stands of brush (usually less than 150 plants/acre) and for selective control. Broadcast s are useful for dense stands of target weed(s). Suggested herbicides must be registered and labeled for use by the Environmental Protection Agency. Some of the suggested herbicides are restricted-use pesticides and require an applicator s license for purchase and use. Because the status of herbicide label clearance is subject to change, be certain to use a current label for the herbicide s intended use. The user is always responsible for the effects of herbicide residue on livestock and crops, as well as for problems that arise from drift or other herbicide movement from the user s property to the property of others. The label is a legal document and violation of it is a federal offense. Always read and follow carefully the instructions on the container label. Especially note any grazing restrictions that apply to the herbicide. 1 Retired Extension Brush and Weed Scientist, Department of Extension Animal Sciences and Natural Resources, and Retired Professor of Range Science, Department of Animal and Range Sciences, both of New Mexico State University, Las Cruces. To find more resources for your business, home, or family, visit the College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences on the World Wide Web at aces.nmsu.edu

10 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled African rue Arsenal imazapyr 3 pt (3/4 lb) 1 gal per 100 gal. water (2 lbs per 100 gal water) Velpar L hexazinone 2 ml/plant Pronone hexazinone 1 pellet/plant only Power Pellets Algerita Velpar L hexazinone 3 ml/3 ft canopy height Bindweed, field Bitter sneezeweed, broomweed (annual or common), buckwheat, camphorweed, cocklebur, horehound, horsemint, knapweed, lakeweed, milkvetch, mustard, pepperweed, pinque, prairie coneflower, ragweed (common or western), sunflower, thistles, nettles, and western bitterweed Trade name and product Pronone Power Pellets hexazinone 1 pellets/2 ft canopy height Spike 20P tebuthiuron 1/16 oz pellets/3 ft canopy height Banvel, Clarity Overdrive dicamba dicamba: diflufenzopyr 1 pt to 1 qt (1/2 to 1 lb) 4 to 8 oz (5:2 mixture 1/4 to 1/2 lb) Plateau imazapic 4 to 8 oz ( 1/16 to 1/8 lb) Weedmaster dicamba:2,4-d 1 pt to 1 qt (1:3 mixture) (1/2 to 1 lb) 1 to 2 qt (1/2 to 1 lb) Paramount quinclorac 5 to 8 oz (1/4 to 3/8 lb) Roundup* glyphosate 4 to 5 qt (4 to 5 lb) Roundup + Banvel, Clarity Landmaster BW glyphosate + dicamba glyphosate:2,4-d 1 qt + 1/2 pt (1 lb + 1/2 lb) 3 1/5 pt (1:1 l lb) 2,4-D* 2,4-D 2 to 3 qt (2 to 3 lb) 2, 4-D* 2, 4-D 1 pt to 1 qt (1/2 to 1 lb) Weedmaster dicamba:2,4-d 1 pt to 1 qt (1:3) 1/2 to 1 lb Banvel + 2, 4-D* dicamba + 2, 4-D 1/4 to 1/2 pt (1/8 to 1/4 lb) + 3/4 to 1 1/2 pt (3/8 to 3/4 lb) Grazon P+D :2,4-D 1 to 3 pt (1:2 mixture) (3/10 to 9/10 lb) + 2,4D Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) + 2,4-D 1/4 to 3/4 pt (1/16 to 3/16 lb) + 1/2 to 1 1/2 pt (1/4 to 3/4 lb.) Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre / spot Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant) only application. Use surfactant as per label. ground broadcast. Add 1 2 pints MSO. application. Use surfactant as per label 2 4 gal water for aerial spray; application. Add surfactant as needed. Time of application Spray only actively growing (nonstressed) plants Any time of year Any time of year. Optimum is prior to rainy season Summer fallow prior to planting and when weeds are actively growing or in late summer or fall prior to postbloom or killing frost. Follow-up applications should be made in spring to control seedlings. Spring to fall. Full bloom to early seed stage Mid- to late-bloom Fallow or post-harvest when bindweed has 10 in. runners Bud stage or summer; follow in early August Spring weeds 4 6 in. high, before blooming, good growing conditions Remarks Caution: Arsenal or Velpar L will damage or kill other sprayed or nearby vegetation Do not apply to snow-covered or frozen ground For suppression, refer to label for crop rotation restrictions Use 2,4-D amine or low volatile ester. Do not spray near susceptible crops. Circular 597 Page 2

11 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled (Continued) Bitter sneezeweed, broomweed (annual or common), buckwheat, camphorweed, cocklebur, horehound, horsemint, knapweed, lakeweed, milkvetch, mustard, pepperweed, pinque, prairie coneflower, ragweed (common or western), sunflower, thistles, nettles and western bitterweed Black henbane Bursage, skeletonleaf Chaparral aminopyralid + metsulfuron 2 1/2 to 3 1/3 oz (1/12 to 1/8 lb) Escort metsulfuron 5/8 to 4/5 oz (3/8 to 1/2 oz) Plus Max Overdrive chlorsulfuron 2,4-D: dicamba dicamba: diflufenzopyr 8/10 to 1 oz (6/10 to 8/10 oz) Rate I to II (1/4 oz + 1 pt to 1/2 oz + 2 pt) 4 to 8 oz (5:2 mixture 1/4 to 1/2 lb) Milestone aminopyralid 3 to 7 oz (1/20 to 1/10 lb) GrazonNext Plus Max aminopyralid: 2,4-D chlorsulfuron 2,4-D: dicamba 1 1/2 to 2 pt (1/2 to 3/4 lb) 6/10 oz (1/2 oz) Rate II (1/2 oz + 2 pt) 2,4-D* 2,4-D 1 1/2 to 2 qt (1 1/2 to 2 lb) Banvel, Clarity 2 4 gal water for aerial spray; application. Add surfactant as needed. application. Use surfactants as per label. application Spring weeds 4 6 in. high, before blooming, good growing conditions Rosette to bloom Without cultivation, spring and fall 2 qt (1 lb) Fully leaved and actively growing dicamba 1 to 2 qt (1 to 2 lb) Camelthorn Escort XP metsulfuron 3/8 oz (1/4 oz per 100 gal water) Catclaw mimosa, whitethorn acacia Trade name and product Arsenal imazapyr 3/4 to 1 1/2 qt (3/8 to 3/4 lb per 100 gal water) Milestone aminopyralid 5 to 7 oz (1/12 to 1/10 lb) Spike 20P tebuthiuron 3 3/4 to 5 lb pellets (3/4 to 1 lb) + Remedy + triclopyr 2 pt + 1 pt (1/2 lb* + 1/2 lb) Reclaim clopyralid 2/3 pt to 2/3 qt (1/4 to 1/2 lb) Reclaim + Remedy Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) clopyralid + triclopyr Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre 1/3 to 2/3 pt + 1/4 to 1/2 pt (1/8 to 1/4 lb + 1/8 to 1/4 lb) / spot Spike 20P tebuthiuron 1/4 to 1/2 oz per 3 ft of canopy diameter or height Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant). Mix in 100 gal water, add 8 oz silicone surfactant Aerial broadcast 2 4 gal oil-inwater emulsion as aerial spray (1 pt to 1 qt diesel oil in water to make 2 4 gal) gal oil-in-water emulsion for (1/2 1 gal diesel oil-in-water to make gal). Time of application Late summer and fall Actively growing In vegetative state, prior to bloom year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. When leaves are fully expanded. Good growing conditions. year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Remarks Add 1/2% nonionic surfactant Seedlings should be controlled the following year Treat after tillage when regrowth is 4 6 in. Re may be necessary Use only on coarsetextured soils. Do not spray near susceptible crops Do not apply to frozen or snowcovered ground. Distribute uniformly under canopy. Circular 597 Page 3

12 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled Catclaw acacia Spike 20P tebuthiuron 5 to 7 1/2 lb of pellets (1 to 1 1/2 lb) + Remedy + triclopyr 2 pt + 1 pt (1/2 lb + 1/2 lb) Spike 20P tebuthiuron 1/4 to 1/2 oz per 3 ft of canopy diameter or height Velpar L hexazinone 4 ml per 3 ft of canopy diameter or height Cattail, common 2,4-D* 2,4-D 6 qt per 100 gal water (6 lb per 100 gal water) Cholla, prickly pear Trade name and product Rodeo glyphosate 5 3/4 to 7 1/2 pt (2 7/8 to 3 3/4 lb) Aerial broadcast 2 4 gal oil-inwater emulsion as aerial spray (1/2 1 gal diesel oil-in-water to make 2 4 gal) oil-inwater emulsion for ground broadcast (1/2 to 1 gal diesel oilin-water to make gal). Spray to wet with handheld equipment year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. When leaves are fully expanded. Good growing conditions year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Before cattail heads appear Early to full bloom Habitat imazapyr 2 qt (1 lb) Broadcast When plants are actively growing Habitat imazapyr 1 gal (2 lb) Mix in 100 gal of water, spray to wet. Add surfactant as per label 4 to 6 ml per 3 ft of plant height (cholla) or plant width (prickly pear), spot applied 1 qt (1/2 lb) 2 4 gal water solution as aerial spray gal Vista fluroxypyr 1 to 2% (1 to 2 gal/100 gal water) Surmount (cholla only) Velpar L Pronone Power Pellets (Cholla only) Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) : fluroxypyr (1:1) hexazinone hexazinone Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre / spot 1 to 2% (1 to 2 gal/100 gal water) 4 to 6 ml per 3 ft of plant height 1 pellet per 2 ft. of plant height Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant) water solution as.. Mix 2 gal herbicide in 100 gal water. Add surfactant as per label. only Time of application year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Any time air temperature is above 60 F and has not been 32 F or below during the past 24 hours. For best results, spray when cacti are in bloom. year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Remarks Use only on coarsetextured soils Do not spray near susceptible crops Do not apply to frozen or snowcovered ground. Distribute uniformly under canopy. Use only on coarsetextured soils Reapplications may be necessary. Use surfactant as per label. Use surfactants as per label Apply at junction of stem and ground (cholla) or within plant area (prickly pear). Do not treat more than 25% of watershed. Herbicide is very slow acting. H91 May take 2 3 years to show effect. Do not spray near susceptible crops. Spray to wet. Best during growing season Apply diluted Velpar L to soil surface at junction of stem and ground Circular 597 Page 4

13 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled Crazyweed (silky or Lambert s); locoweed, whitepoint or wooly Banvel Clarity + 2,4-D* + 2,4-D dicamba + 2,4-D 1 qt (1/2 lb) 1 qt + 1 qt (1 lb + 1 lb) Weedmaster dicamba:2,4-d 1 to 2 qt (1:3 mixture) (1 to 2 lb) Escort XP metsulfuron 1/2 oz (3/10 oz) Plus Max chlorsulfuron 2,4-D: dicamba 6/10 oz (1/2 oz) Rate II (1/2 oz + 2 pt) Grazon P+D :2,4-D 1 to 2 qt (1:4 mixture) (5/8 to 1 1/4 lb) + 2,4-D + 2,4-D 1 to 2 qt + 1 1/2 to 3 pt (1/4 to 1/2 lb + 3/4 to 1 1/2 lb 2,4-D Creosotebush Spike 20P tebuthiuron 3 3/4 to 5 lb of pellets (3/4 to 1 lb) Dalmatian and yellow toadflax Downy brome, cheatgrass Trade name and product 2 to 4 ml per 3 ft of canopy diameter Velpar L hexazinone 2 to 4 ml per 3 ft of canopy diameter Pronone Power Pellets hexazinone 1 pellet per 1 ft. of canopy diameter Spike 20P tebuthiuron 1/4 to 1/2 oz per 3 ft of canopy diameter Telar XP chlorsulfuron 2 oz (1 1/2 oz) 1 to 2 qt (1/2 to 1 lb) Aatrex atrazine 1 to 2 pt (1/2 to 1 lb) 2 4 gal water for aerial spray. application. Add surfactant as per label. Aerial broadcast. Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant. Gramoxone paraquat 26 oz (1/2 lb) Add 0.25% nonionic surfactant When plants are actively growing and before seeds mature year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Actively growing in spring or fall Through full bloom or to fall regrowth When desirable vegetation is dormant To prevent livestock poisoning, avoid grazing until plants are totally dry Use 1-lb rate when soils are loam, silt, or sandy clay loam Distribute uniformly under canopy. Do not apply to frozen or snow-covered ground. Do not treat more than 25% of watershed Apply undiluted Velpar L to soil surface within 3 ft of stem base. Use exact delivery handgun applicator. Do not use on clay soil. Do not apply to frozen or snow-covered ground. See label Oust sulfometuron 1 oz (3/4 oz) Late fall or winter See label Roundup* glyphosate 1/2 to 1 pt (1/4 to 1/2 lb) Plateau, Journey Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) imazapic Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre 9 to 13 oz (1/7 to 1/5 lb) / spot Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant) Add 1 qt/a MSO Time of application After emergence and before seedset Remarks Especially effective after first killing frost 2 years successive necessary Use low rate for cheatgrass Circular 597 Page 5

14 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled Dyer s woad 2,4-D* 2,4-D 1 1/2 to 2 qt (1 1/2 to 2 lb) gal for ground broadcast Escort XP metsulfuron 3/4 oz (2/5 oz) Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant Telar XP chlorsulfuron 1 oz (3/4 oz) Plus Max chlorsulfuron 2,4-D: dicamba 9/10 oz (3/4 oz) Rate II (1/2 oz to 2 pt) Goatgrass, jointed Oust sulfometuron 1 3/10 oz (1 oz) Gumweed, curlycup Plateau imazapic 4 to 6 oz (1/16 to 3/32 lb) Roundup glyphosate 2 1/2 to 3 pt (1 1/4 to 1 1/2 lb) Escort XP metsulfuron 1 oz (3/5 oz) Plus chlorsulfuron 1 1/4 oz (1 oz) 2,4-D* 2,4-D 2 qt (2 lb) 1 pt (1/4 lb) Grazon P+D :2,4-D 2 qt (1:2 mixture) (1 1/5 oz) GrazonNext +2,4-D aminopyralid: 2,4-D + 2,4-D 1 1/2 to 2 pt (1/2 to 3/4 lb) 1 pt + 1 qt (1/4 lb + 1 lb) Halogeton Escort XP metsulfuron 1 oz (6/10 oz) Hoarycress, whitetop and related species Trade name and product Telar XP chlorsulfuron 1/2 to 1 oz (3/8 to 3/4) Plus Max chlorsulfuron 2,4-D: dicamba 1 1/4 oz (1 oz) Rate II (1/2 oz + 2 pt) 2,4-D* 2,4-D 2 qt (2 lb) 2,4-D* 2,4-D 2 qt (2 lb) Chaparral aminopyralid + metsulfuron 2 1/2 to 3 1/3 oz (1/12 to 1/8 lb) application or 2 4 gal for aerial broadcast Rosette stage Actively growing plants Late fall or winter Fall Repeat s may be necessary See label Spot s When fully tilled For spot or 2 4 gal for aerial broadcast. Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant gal for ground broadcast. Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant gal for ground broadcast. Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant. Early spring Early spring with good growth Before bud stage Spring or fall See label Repeat may be necessary Telar XP chlorsulfuron 1 oz (3/4 oz) Bud to early bloom See label Escort XP metsulfuron 1 oz 3/5 oz Plus Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) chlorsulfuron Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre 1 1/4 oz (1 oz) / spot Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant) Time of application Remarks Circular 597 Page 6

15 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled Hoarycress, whitetop and related species (Continued) Horsetail, smooth, scouring rush Max 2,4-D: dicamba Rate III (1 oz + 4 pt) Plateau imazapic 8 to 12 oz (1/8 to 3/16 lb) Telar XP chlorsulfuron 1 to 2 oz (3/4 to 1 1/2 oz)) Escort XP metsulfuron 1 to 2 oz (3/5 to 1 1/5 oz) Oust sulfometuron 1 1/2 oz (1 1/8 oz) MCPA (4EC) Ester. Add nonionic surfactant at 1 pt to 1 qt/100 gal spray solution. Early spring 2, 4-D 1 qt (1 lb) Before cone heads appear See label Important to use the isoctylester formulation Houndstongue 2,4-D* 2,4-D 2 qt (2 lb) Early before bloom Escort XP metsulfuron 1 oz (3/5 oz). Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant. Before bolting See label Iris, Rocky Mountain Plateau imazapic 13 oz (1/5 lb) Add MSO at 1 1 1/4 oz (1 oz) 1/2 2 pt/acre Plus chlorsulfuron Max 2,4-D: dicamba Rate III (1 oz + 4 pt) 2,4-D* 2,4-D 2 qt (2 lb) Juniper (cedar) Spike 20P tebuthiuron 5 to 10 lb of pellets (1 to 2 lb) Knapweed, diffuse and spotted Trade name and product Velpar L hexazinone 4 to 6 ml per 3 ft of canopy height 4 to 6 ml per 3 ft of canopy height Ground or aerial broadcast 1 1/2 pt (3/8 lb) gal Grazon P+D :2,4-D 2 to 3 qt (1:2 mixture) (1 1/4 to 1 7/8 lb) + 2,4-D + 2,4-D 2 to 3 pt + 3 to 4 1/2 pt (1/2 to 3/4 lb + 3 to 4 1/2 lb) for ground broadcast. 3 4 gal for aerial broadcast. Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant. Before bloom Early bloom stage year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Rosette to midbolting 2,4-D* 2,4-D 2 qt (2 lb) Early stage of flower stem elongation Chaparral aminopyralid + metsulfuron Banvel, Clarity + 2,4-D* Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) dicamba + 2,4-D 2 1/2 to 3 1/3 oz (1/12 to 1/8 lb) 1 pt + 1 qt (1/2 lb + 1 lb 2,4-D) Curtail clopyralid:2,4-d 2 to 3 qt (1:5 mixture) (1 1/15 to 1 4/5 lb) Reclaim clopyralid 1/3 to 1 1/3 pt (1/8 to 1/2 lb) Milestone aminopyralid 5 to 7 oz (1/12 to 1/10 lb) Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre / spot Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant) Time of application Spring of fall Rosette stage before bolting Wet thoroughly Use only on coarsetextured soils. Apply evenly around trees at dripline. Do not treat more than 25% of watershed. Do not apply to froze or snow-covered groun+h416d. Treat trees under 9 ft. See label Remarks Circular 597 Page 7

16 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled Knapweed, Russian Trade name and product Roundup* glyphosate 4 4/5 qt (4 4/5 lb) Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) 1 to 2 qt (1/2 to 1 lb) Curtail clopyralid:2,4-d 1 to 2 qt (1:5 mixture) (3/5 to 1 1/5 lb) Reclaim clopyralid 2/3 to 1 1/3 pt (1/4 to 1/2 lb) Plateau imazapic 12 oz (3/16 lb) Milestone aminopyralid 5 to 7 oz (1/12 to 1/10 lb) Telar XP chlorsulfuron 1 to 3 oz (3/4 to 2 1/4 oz) Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre / spot Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant) Time of application Late bud to early flower Early flower to frost Full bloom to frost Full bloom to frost Fall and winter Prebloom to bloom and fall rosette Re may be necessary See label Remarks Add 1% v/v MSO Chaparral aminopyralid + metsulfuron 2 1/2 to 3 1/3 oz (1/12 to 1/8 lb) Spring or fall Larkspur, geyer Escort XP metsulfuron 1 1/2 oz (9/10 oz) 1 1/2 to 2 qt (3/8 to 1/2 lb) gal for ground broadcast. Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant. Rosette Rapidly growing Larkspur, tall or duncecap Escort XP metsulfuron 1 1/2 oz (9/10 oz) 2 to 3 qt (1 to 1 1/2 lb) for ground broadcast. Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant. 6 to 8 leaf stage; less than 8 in. tall Bud stage Leafy spurge Banvel, Clarity dicamba 2 qt (2 lb) for ground 1 to 3 pt (1/2 to 1 1/2 lb) 2,4-D* 2,4-D 1 qt (1 lb) broadcast. Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant. Spring to early summer Re is necessary Plateau imazapic 8 to 12 oz (1/8 to 3/16 lb) Tank Mix Overdrive + 22K dicamba: diflufenzopyr + 4 to 6 oz oz (1/4 to 3/8 + 1/8 to 1/4 lb) Add 1% v/v MSO Late summer through fall. Spring to early summer Lotebush Spike 20P tebuthiuron 1/4 to 1/2 oz per 3 ft of canopy diameter or height year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Distribute pellets uniformly under canopy. Velpar L hexazinone 2 to 4 ml per 3 ft of plant diameter or height, or 2 to 4 ml per inch of stem diameter Pronone Power Pellets hexazinone 1 pellet per 2 ft plant diameter or height Apply diluted Velpar L to soil surface within 3 ft of stem base. Use exact delivery handgun applicator. Do not use on clay soils. Do not apply to frozen or snow-covered ground. Circular 597 Page 8

17 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled Mesquite, grassland Trade name and product Remedy (suppression) triclopyr 1/2 to 1 pt (1/4 to 1/2 lb) Reclaim clopyralid 2/3 pt to 2/3 qt (1/4 to 1/2 lb) Reclaim + Remedy clopyralid + triclopyr Sendero clopyralid + aminopyralid Sendero + Remedy Sendero + Surmount clopyralid + aminopyralid + triclopyr clopyralid + aminopyralid + + fluroxypyr 1/3 to 1 pt + 1/4 to 3/4 pt (1/8 to 3/8 lb + 1/8 to 3/8 lb) 28 oz 28 oz + 8 to 16 oz 28 oz + 1 to 2 qt Remedy Ultra triclopyr 3 pt (1 1/2 lb per 100 gal) Velpar L hexazinone 4 to 6 ml per 3 ft of plant diameter or height, or 2 to 4 ml per inch of stem diameter Pronone Power Pellets Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) hexazinone Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre / spot 1 pellet per 2 ft of plant diameter or height Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant) 2 4 gal oil-in-water emulsion as aerial spray (1 pt to 1 qt diesel fuel oil and water to make 2 4 gal/acre) gal oil-in-water emulsion (1/2 to 1 gal diesel fuel oil and water to make gal/acre) as. Add surfactant as needed. Time of application Spring to early summer, days after bud break Spring to early summer, days after bud break Any time of year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Remarks Apply only when soil moisture conditions are good and plants have full leaf cover of even-aged, undamaged leaves. Do not apply when mesquite plants are stressed from drought, frost, hail, wind, or insects. Do not apply near susceptible crops. Spray must cover all parts Apply undiluted Velpar L to soil surface within 3 ft of stem base. Use exact delivery handgun applicator. Do not use on frozen or snowcovered ground. Mesquite, mixed brush (catclaw, tarbush, whitehorn, creosotebush, broom snakeweed, wolfberry) Milkweed, showy and related species Spike 20P tebuthiuron 3 3/4 to 7 1/2 lb of pellets (3/4 to 1 1/2 lb) Banvel + Remedy Banvel, Clarity dicamba + triclopyr 1/2 to 1 pt + 1/2 to 1 pt (1/4 to 1/2 lb + 1/4 to 1/2 lb) 2 to 3 qt (1 to 1 1/2 lb) Aerial broadcast 2 4 gal oil-inwater emulsion as aerial spray (1 pt to 1 qt of diesel fuel oil and water to make 2 4 gal/acre) gal oil-inwater emulsion as (1/2 1 gal diesel fuel oil to make gal/acre). Add surfactant as needed % v/v nonionic surfactant. Any time of year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Spring to early summer, days after bud break Bud to early bloom dicamba 2 qt (2 lb) Emergence to bloom Oxeye daisy Remedy triclopyr 1 1/3 pt (2/3 lb) 1 to 2 pt (1/4 to 1/2 lb) Perennial pepperweed Escort XP metsulfuron 1 oz (3/5 oz) Plus chlorsulfuron 1 1/4 oz (1 oz) Telar XP chlorsulfuron 1 oz (7/10 oz) Roundup glyphosate 3 to 4 qt (3 to 4 lb) 2,4-D* 2,4-D* 2 qt (2 lb). Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant gal for Actively growing Late bud to early flower Mow plants when bolting bud stage, spray resprouting plants Late bud to early flower Low rate may be used on sand or loamy sand soils For best results, monthly precipitation should exceed the annual average from January to the spray season. Foliar sprays should be applied only where there are few associate weeds, such as broom snakeweed, shinnery oak, catclaw, etc. These nontarget species may dominate a stand after mesquite control and provide undesirable results. See label Re may be necessary See label Wait until all resprouts emerge before applications Res may be necessary Circular 597 Page 9

18 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled Poison ivy, poison oak Poverty sumpweed Trade name and product Roundup* glyphosate 4 to 6 qt (4 to 6 lb) Roundup glyphosate 2 gal per 100 gal water (8 lb/100 gal water) Garlon 3A Ultra Garlon 4 Ultra, Remedy Garlon 3A Ultra Garlon 4 Ultra, Remedy Banvel, Clarity triclopyr triclopyr triclopyr dicamba 1 to 3 gal ( 3 to 9 lb) 1 to 2 gal (4 to 8 lb) 1 to 2 qt (1 to 2 lb) 2 pt (1/2 lb) 2,4-D* 2,4-D 4 to 6 qt (4 to 6 lb) 4 qt/100 gal water (3 lb/100 gal water) 3 qt/100 gal water (3 lb/100 gal water) Rabbitbush Velpar L hexazinone 4 to 6 ml per 3 ft of plant diameter Pronone Power Pellets Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) hexazinone Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre / spot 1 pellet per 2 ft. plant diameter Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant) 2% v/v individual plant. Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant. Time of application Actively growing. Actively growing Any time of year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Remarks Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant Apply undiluted Velpar L to soil surface within 3 ft of stem base. Do not use on clay soils. Do not apply to frozen or snow-covered ground. Rayless goldenrod Spike 20P tebuthiuron 5 lb of pellets (1 lb) Russian olive (see also saltcedar) Spike 20P tebuthiuron 1/4 to 1/2 oz per 3 ft of canopy diameter 1 qt (1/2 lb) Escort XP metsulfuron 4/5 oz 1/2 oz Plus chlorsulfuron 1 oz (8/10 oz) Aerial broadcast. 2 4 gal for aerial broadcast Any time of year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Fall, after blooming and before frost Do not apply to frozen or snowcovered ground Distribute pellets uniformly under canopy. Do not apply to frozen or snowcovered ground. Do not spray near susceptible crops See saltcedar See saltcedar See saltcedar See saltcedar See saltcedar Roundup glyphosate 5 to 7 gal per 100 gal of water June July Sagebrush, big Spike 20P tebuthiuron 2 1/2 lb of pellets (1/2 lb) Aerial broadcast Any time of year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Select productive sites for Sagebrush, fringed 2,4-D* 2,4-D 2 qt (2 lb). 2 4 gal for aerial broadcast. Actively growing Repeat for 2 more years as necessary Spike 20P tebuthiuron 2 1/2 to 3 3/4 lb pellets (1/2 to 3/4 lb) Aerial or ground broadcast Any time of year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Circular 597 Page 10

19 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled Sagebrush, sand Saltcedar Sand shinnery oak Shrub oak (wavy leaf, Gambel oak) Trade name and product 2,4-D* low volatile ester 2,4-D 1 to 2 qt (1 to 2 lb) Spike 20P tebuthiuron 2 1/2 to 3 3/4 lb of pellets (1/2 to 3/4 lb) Arsenal, Habitat Arsenal, Habitat + Roundup* Arsenal, Habitat + Rodeo Arsenal, Habitat Arsenal, Habitat + Roundup* Arsenal, Habitat + Rodeo imazapyr imazapyr + glyphosate imazapyr + glyphosate imazapyr imazapyr + glyphosate imazapyr + glyphosate 1/2 gal (1 lb) 1 to 1 1/2 qt + 1 to 2 pt (1/2 to 3/4 lb + 1/2 to 1 lb) 1 to 1 1/2 qt + 1 to 1 1/2 pt (1/2 to 3/4 lb + 1/2 to 1 lb) Spike 20P tebuthiuron 2 1/2 to 5 lb of pellets (1/2 to 1 lb) 1 gal per 100 gal water (2 lb per 100 gal water with 0.25% surfactant) 1/2 to 1 gal + 1/2 to 1 gal (1 to 2 lb + 2 to 4 lb per 100 gal water with 0.25% surfactant) 1/2 to 1 gal + 1/2 to 1 gal (1 to 2 lb + 2 to 4 lb per 100 gal water with 0.25% surfactant) Velpar L hexazinone 2 to 4 ml per 33 square ft of canopy diameter Pronone Power Pellets hexazinone 1 to 2 pellets per 33 square ft. of canopy diameter Spike 20P tebuthiuron 1/2 oz per 22 sq ft when treating a thicket or clump Spike 20P tebuthiuron 3 3/4 to 7 1/2 lb of pellets (3/4 to 1 1/2 lb) Velpar L hexazinone 2 to 4 ml per 33 square ft of canopy diameter Pronone Power Pellets Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) hexazinone Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre / spot 1 to 2 pellets per 33 square ft. of canopy diameter Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant) 2 4 gal water solution for aerial spray gal water solution for application. Use surfactant as needed. Aerial or ground broadcast Individual plant or ground application Aerial broadcast Add 0.25% nonionic Surfactant Aerial broadcast Aerial broadcast. Any time during year. Time of application May 1 to June 15 with good growing conditions Any time of year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. August through September Any time of year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Any time of year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Optimum is prior to rainy season Remarks Do not spray when plants are defoliated by late frost, drought, or other unfavorable growing conditions. Do not spray near susceptible crops. Spray to wet, especially the terminal ends of all branches. Allow two full growing seasons before follow-up gal per acre total solution. Allow two full growing seasons before follow-up. Apply undiluted Velpar L to soil surface within 3 ft of stem base or in a grid pattern. Use exact delivery handgun applicator. Do not apply to frozen or snowcovered ground. Distribute uniformly under canopy. Do not apply to frozen or snow-covered ground. Distribute uniformly under canopy. Do not apply to frozen or snow-covered ground. Apply undiluted Velpar L to soil surface within 3 ft of stem base. Use exact delivery handgun applicator. Do not use on clay soils. Do not apply to frozen or snow-covered ground. Circular 597 Page 11

20 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled Shrub oak (wavy leaf, Gambel oak) (Continued) Skunkbrush sumac Snakeweed (broom, threadleaf, perennial broomweed, turpentine weed) Starthistle, yellow, malta, and purple Trade name and product Spike 20P tebuthiuron 1/4 oz per 22 sq ft when treating a clump or thicket Arsenal imazapyr 1 gal per 100 gal water (1 gal per 100 gal water) Spike 20P tebuthiuron 3 3/4 to 5 lb of pellets (3/4 to 1 lb) Spike 20P tebuthiuron 1/4 to 1/2 oz per 3 ft of canopy diameter or height + 2,4-D + 2,4-D 1 pt to 1 qt (1/4 to 1/2 lb) 1 pt to 1 qt + 1 qt (1/4 to 1/2 lb + 1 lb) Grazon P+D :2,4-D 1 to 2 qt (1:4 mixture) (5/8 to 1 1/4 lb) Weedmaster dicamba:2,4-d 1 1/2 to 2 qt (1:3 mixture) 1 1/2 to 2 lb Escort XP metsulfuron 5/8 to 4/5 oz (3/8 to 1/2 oz) Plus Max chlorsulfuron 2,4-D: dicamba 6/10 oz (1/2 oz) Rate II (1/2 oz + 2 pt) Spike 20P tebuthiuron 3 3/4 to 5 lb of pellets (3/4 to 1 lb) Escort XP metsulfuron 1 oz (3/5 oz) Max Overdrive Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) 2,4-D: dicamba dicamba: diflufenzopyr Rate III (1 oz + 4 pt). Any time during year. Individual plant or ground application Aerial ground broadcast. Any time during year. 2 4 gal water for aerial spray; application. Add surfactant as needed. Aerial broadcast. Use surfactant as per label. 4 oz (1/4 lb) Rosette Optimum is prior to rainy season growing season when growing conditions are good Optimum is prior to rainy season year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Fall, after full bloom, or spring when growing conditions are good year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Seedling to early bud Remedy triclopyr 3 pt (1 1/2 lb) Spring to early bud 2,4-D* 2,4-D 1 qt (1 lb) Arsenal imazapyr 1 pt (1/4 lb) 1 pt (1/4 lb) Banvel, Clarity dicamba 1 pt (1 lb) Reclaim clopyralid 2/3 pt (1/4 lb) Grazon P+D :2,4-D 2 qt (1:4 mixture) (1 1/4 lb) Milestone aminopyralid 3 to 5 oz (1/20 to 1/12 lb) Tarbush Spike 20P tebuthiuron 2 1/2 to 3 3/4 lb of pellets (1/2 to 3/4 lb) Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre / spot Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant) Aerial broadcast Time of application year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. Remarks Distribute uniformly under canopy. Do not apply to frozen or snow- covered ground Spray to wet. Use 0.25% nonionic surfactant Do not apply to frozen or snowcovered ground. Distribute uniformly under canopy. Use drift control agent and add emulsifier to oil. Foliar sprays are recommended where broom snakeweed is the primary species. Use only on coarsetextured soils. Circular 597 Page 12

21 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled Tarbush (Contintued) Thistle, musk, scotch, Canada, and bull Threadleaf or Riddel s groundsel Trade name and product 2 to 4 ml per 3 ft of canopy diameter Spike 20P tebuthiuron 1/3 to 1/2 oz per 3 ft of canopy diameter Escort XP metsulfuron 1/2 to 1 oz (3/10 to 3/5 oz) Plus Max chlorsulfuron 2,4-D: dicamba 6/10 to 1 1/4 oz (1/2 to 1 oz) Rate II to III (1/2 oz + 2 pt to 1 oz + 4 pt) Telar XP chlorsulfuron 1/2 to 1 oz (3/8 to 3/4 oz) Overdrive dicamba: diflufenzopyr 1 to 2 pt (1/4 to 1/2 lb) 4 to 6 oz (1/4 to 3/8 lb) Plateau imazapic 8 to 12 oz (1/8 to 3/16 lb) Curtail clopyralid:2,4-d 1 to 2 qt (1:5 mixture) 3/5 to 1 1/5 lb Remedy + 2,4-D triclopyr + 2,4-D 1 1/3 pt + 1 to 2 qt (2/3 lb + 1 to 2 lb) Milestone aminopyralid 3 to 7 oz (1/20 to 1/10 lb) 2,4-D* 2,4-D 2 to 4 qt (2 to 4 lb) Weedmaster dicamba:2,4-d 1 to 2 qt (1:3 mixture) 1 to 2 lb Banvel + 2,4-D* dicamba + 2,4-D 1/2 to 1 pt + 1 1/2 to 3 pt (1/4 to 1/2 lb + 3/4 to 1 1/2 lb) Banvel dicamba 1 pt (1/2 lb) +2,4-D + 2,4-D 1 to 2 pt + 1 1/2 to 3 pt (1/4 to 1/2 lb + 3/4 to 1 1/2 lb) Grazon P+D :2,4-D 1 to 2 qt (1:4 mixture) 5/8 to 1 1/4 lb Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) 1 qt (1/2 lb) Telar XP chlorsulfuron 1/2 to 1 oz (3/8 to 3/4) Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre / spot Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant). Apply any time during year for ground broadcast. Add 0.25% nonionic surfactant gal for ground broadcast. Add 0.25% v/v nonionic surfactant. 2 4 gal for aerial broadcast Time of application Optimum is prior to rainy season. Rosette Before bolting Rosette to bolting Early spring or fall Actively growing, prior to bloom Remarks Apply undiluted 22K to soil surface within 3 ft of stem base. Use exact delivery handgun applicator. Do not apply to frozen or snow-covered ground. Distribute uniformly under canopy. Do not apply to frozen or snow-covered ground. Use higher rates for Canada thistle Circular 597 Page 13

22 Table 1. Herbicides for controlling undesirable brush and weeds on rangelands. Plant controlled Threadleaf or Riddel s groundsel (Continued) Water hemlock, western Trade name and product Escort XP metsulfuron 5/8 to 4/5 oz (3/8 to 1/2 oz) Plus Max chlorsulfuron 2,4-D: dicamba 8/10 to 1 oz (6/10 to 8/10 oz) Rate II (1/2 oz + 2 pt) 2,4-D* 2,4-D 1 to 2 qt (1 to 2 lb) Willows 2,4-D* 2,4-D 2 to 3 qt (2 3 lb pr 100 gal of water solution) Arsenal, Habitat Arsenal + Roundup* Arsenal, Habitat + Rodeo imazapyr imazapyr + glyphosate imazapyr + glyphosate 1 gal (2 lb per 100 gal water % surfactant) 1/2 to 1 gal + 1/2 to 1 gal (1 to 2 lb + 2 1/2 to 5 lb per 100 gal water % surfactant) 1/2 to 1 gal +1/2 to 1 gal (1 to 2 lb + 2 1/2 to 5 lb per 100 gal water % surfactant) Yucca Velpar L hexazinone 4 to 7 ml per whorl Remedy triclopyr 3 to 4 ml per whorl Arsenal imazapyr 2 to 3 ml per whorl Max + 2,4-D low volatile ester Plus Herbicide (common name and active ingredient) chlorsulfuron + 2,4-D metulfuron + 2,4- D: dicamba Herbicide quantity (active ingredient or acid equivalent in parenthesis) Broadcast rate per acre Rate II (1/2 oz + 2 pt) + 1 pt to 1 1/2 pt 2,4-D (1/2 lb to 1/4 lb) 5/8 oz + 1 qt (1 lb) / spot Spray each whorl thoroughly mix in 100 gal water Spray volume (broadcast per acre or individual plant) (2 3 lb per 100 gal of water solution) 4 gal/ac minimum Time of application Flower bud stage Spring, when leaves are fully expanded. Good growing conditions. growing season. Good growing conditions. year. Optimum is prior to rainy season. year Spring through fall See label Remarks Wet foliage thoroughly. Do not spray when plants are defoliated by late freeze, hail, insects, or other unfavorable conditions. Apply undiluted Velpar L directly to whorl Apply to every whorl. May be mixed with water or diesel. Apply to every whorl. May be mixed with water. Crop oil concentrate, MSO or MSO/ organosilicone are preferred adjuvants Circular 597 Page 14

23 Appendix A. Common Chemical and Product Names of Herbicides The herbicides are identified by the accepted Weed Science Society of America common name or other common designation, the correct chemical names as required on the label, and, where practical, one or more product names. Herbicides marketed under three or more labels have been designated several manufacturers rather than attempting to list all the trade formulations. Herbicide Common name Chemical Name Trade Name Active Ingredient or Acid Equivalent 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid Several manufacturers Amine salts and esters, 4 lb/gal, 6 lb/gal, others Aminopyralid 2-pyridine carboxylic acid, 4 amino- 3,6-dichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid Milestone 2 lb/gal Aminopyralid:2,4-D (1:8) See aminopyralid and 2,4-D GrazonNext 3 lb/gal Aminopyralid:Metsulfuron See aminopyralid and metsulfuron Chaparral 0.62 lb/gal: lb of product Atrazine 6-chloro-N-ethyl-N -(1-methylethyl)- 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Several manufacturers ---- Chlorsulfuron 2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl- Telar XP 75% 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide Clopyralid 3,6-dichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid Reclaim, Stinger, Transline 3 lb/gal Clopyralid:2,4-D (1:5) See clopyralid and 2,4-D Curtail 2 3/8 lb/gal Dicamba 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzioc acid Banvel, Clarity, Overdrive 4 lb/gal Dicambia:2,4-D (1:3) See dicamba and 2,4-D Weedmaster 4 lb/gal Diesel fuel oil Refined petroleum fractions Several manufacturers Diflufenzopyr:Dicamba 2-(1-[([3,5-difluorophenylamino]carbonyl) Overdrive 0.2 lb and 0.5 lb/lb of product hydrazono]ethyl)-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid, sodium salt and See dicamba Fluroxypyr 1-methylheptylester:[(4-Amino-3,5- dichloro-6- fluoropyridin-2-yl)oxy] acetic acid Vista 1.5 lbs/gal Glyphosate N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine Rodeo 5 lb/gal Glyphosate*** N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine Several manufacturers 4 lb/gal Glyphosate:2,4-D (1:1 1/4) See Glyphosate and 2,4-D Landmaster 2 1/2 lb/gal Hexazinone 3-cyclohexyl-6-(dimethylamino)-1- methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4 (1H,3H)-dione Velpar L 2 lb/gal Imazamox 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)- Clearcast 1.0 lb/gal 5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-methoxymethyl)- 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid Imazapic (±)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4- Plateau, Journey 2 lb/gal (1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol- 2-y1]-5-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid Imazapyr (±)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4 methyl-4- Arsenal, Habitat 2 lb/gal (1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol- 2-yl]-3- pyridinecarboxylic acid Metsulfuron methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6 methyl- Escort XP 60% 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-amino] carbonyl] amino] sulfonyl] benzoate Metsulfuron: Chlorosulfuron (3:1) See metsulfuron and chlorosulfuron Plus 48% metsulfuron 15% chlorosulfuron Metsulfuron Dicamba:2,4-D 1:3 See metsulfuron, dicamba and 2,4-D Max 60% (Part A) 3.87 lb/gal (Part B) Paraquat 1,1 -dimethyl-4,4 bipyridiniumiun Several manufacturers ---- Picloram 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarbo- xylic acid 2 lb/gal Picloram:2,4-D (1:4) See Picloram and 2,4-D Grazon P+D 2 1/2 lb/gal Picloram: Fluroxypyr See and fluroxypyr Surmount 1.34 lb/gal Quinclorac 3,7-dichloro-8-quinolinecarboxylic acid Paramount 75% Sulfometuron methyl 2 [[[[(4,6-dimethyl-2- Oust 75% pyrimidinyl) amino] carbonyl] amino] sulfonyl] benzoate] Tebuthiuron* N-[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4- thiadiazol-2-yl]-n,n -dimethylurea Spike 20P 20% Triclopyr [(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy] acetic acid Remedy Ultra, Garlon 4 Ultra, Garlon 3A Ultra 4 lb/gal 3 lb/gal *Under supervision of U.S. government agencies, Spike 20P may be applied by aerial or ground equipment at lower than recommended rates if partial control is desired. ** 22K is a restricted use product. ***Glyphosate and 2,4-D are sold under several different trade names and formulations. Check the active ingredient rate on the label to determine the correct product application rate. Circular 597 Page 15

24 PLANT INDEX Plants requiring the same are grouped together Common Name of Species Page Common Name of Species Page Native Weeds Algerita...2 Bitter sneezeweed Bitterweed, western Broomweed (annual or common) Buckwheat Camphorweed Cattail, common...4 Cocklebur Crazyweed (silky or Lambert s)...5 Gumweed, curlycup...6 Horehound Horsemint Horsetail, smooth, scouring rush...7 Houndstongue...7 Lakeweed Larkspur, geyer, tall, or duncecap...8 Locoweed, whitepoint...5 Locoweed, wooly...5 Milkvetch Milkweed, showy and related species...9 Mustard Oxeye daisy...9 Pepperweed Pinque Poison ivy...10 Poison oak...10 Poverty sumpweed...10 Praire coneflower Ragweed (common or western) Rayless goldenrod...10 Sunflower Thistles and nettles Threadleaf or Riddel s groundsel Water hemlock, western Native Shrubs and Trees Catclaw acacia...4 Catclaw mimosa...3 Cholla...4 Creosotebush...5, 9 Iris, Rocky Mountain...7 Native Shrubs and Trees (continued) Juniper (cedar)...7 Lotebush...8 Mesquite, grassland...9 Mesquite, mixed brush...9 Prickly pear...4 Rabbitbush...10 Sagebrush, big...10 Sagebrush, fringed...10 Sagebrush, sand...11 Sand shinnery oak...11 Shrub oak (wavy leaf, Gambel oak) Skunkbrush sumac...12 Snakeweed (broom, threadleaf, perennial broomweed, turpentine weed)...12 Tarbush Whitethorn acacia...3 Willows...14 Wolfberry...9 Yucca...14 Noxious Weeds and Shrubs African rue...2 Bindweed, field...2 Black henbane...3 Bursage, skeletonleaf Camelthorn...3 Cheatgrass...5 Dalmation and yellow toadflax...5 Downy brome...5 Dyer s woad...6 Goatgrass, jointed...6 Halogeton...6 Hoarycress, whitetop and related species Knapweed, diffuse and spotted...2 3, 7 Knapweed, Russian...8 Leafy spurge...8 Perennial pepperweed...9 Russian olive...10 Saltcedar...11 Starthistle, yellow, malta, and purple...12 Thistle, musk, scotch, Canada, and bull...13 The information given herein is supplied with the understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement by the New Mexico State University Cooperative Extension Service is implied. Contents of publications may be freely reproduced for educational purposes. All other rights reserved. For permission to use publications for other purposes, contact pubs@nmsu.edu or the authors listed on the publication. New Mexico State University is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and educator. NMSU and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Revised July 2015 Las Cruces, NM Circular 597 Page 16

25 Proposed Mesquite Sprays US W NM 258 NM 206 US NM 458 NM 262 NM 508 Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community Riley Mesquite Spray Kizer Mesquite Spray Bresenham Mesquite Spray Major Roads Miles ²

26 State Hwy 206 NM 206 Bresenham Ranch Proposed Mesquite Spray S ROOSEVELT 035E Bresenham Ranch Bresenham Mesquite Spray Roads Major Roads Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community NM Counties ² NM Townships Miles NM Sections

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