SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT CO- CREATION

Transcription

1 SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT CO- CREATION WORKSHOP FOR STAKEHOLDERS FROM THE MUNICIPALITY, COMMUNITIES, EXTERNAL TOWN PLANNERS AND ENGINEERS, BUILDING CONTROL INSPECTORS, SCHOOLS, NWU REPRESENTATIVES

2 VIEWPOINTS ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN PLANNING Eeva Aarrevaara DSc(Arch), Principal lecturer Rustenburg, May 21th 2018

3 Programme 9:00-12:00 Welcome Introduction / Lillian Sefike, LMR Introduction of the participants Practises in town planning in Finland / Eeva Aarrevaara, Lahti University of Applied Sciences - questions and answers - discussions (groups) - feed back Presentation, examples of community development / Karen Puren, North-West University - questions and answers - discussions (groups) - feed back Final presentations / groups - introduction of the group discussions and feed back Final words

4 Introduction What has been done during the past week and in the project in general, what will be done We have been working in cooperation with LMR and Co-Creating Sustainable Cities project (funded by Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Finland) Largest part of the work is to develop a roadmap for circular economy in Rustenburg One part of the project deals with the development opportunities in townships of Monnakato, Phatsima, Boitekong, Karelien Park and Meriting A baseline report dealing with all townships will be produced and also development opportunities discussed

5 CLIMATE CHANGE GLOBALISATION

6 RCP = representative concentration pathway IMPACTS Climate change without climate policy (high RCP 8.5) Impacts of mitigation Impact of climate change Climate change + adaptation actions Impacts of adaptation Climate change + adaptation and mitigation actions (medium-low RCP 4.5) Underlying impacts of climate change TIME Adaptation policy aims at reducing the impacts of global warming. RCP 4.5 based on active GHG emission reduction interventions. RCP 8.5. means business as usual as a prediction.

7 Climate change and atmospheric models key impact meteorological variables, rainfall and temperature in response to an increase in anthropogenic Greenhouse Gas (GHG) concentrations projections are currently being generated by different Global Climate Models (GCMs) hosted by different research institutions, each with its own formulation of the atmospheric flow dynamics and physics Source: A CLIMATE CHANGE REFERENCE ATLAS (South Africa)

8 Annual percentage (%) change in total rainfall - relative to / RCP 4.5 Left: , right:

9 Vulnerability - resilience The ability of a system to absorb the shock of an event, cope with it and recover from it (Schulze, 2003) Urban poor households are extremely exposed to environmental hazards as they rely on natural resources whereas their capacity to adapt to environmental dynamics remains limited. Informal settlements are insecurely built on steep slopes or in danger of flooding or of landslides and are of less interest to commercial builders (Coit, 1995; Hindson and McCarthy, 1994) Source: Lecture by Prof. Nnenesi Kgabi / Namibia University of Science and Technology Source: UCI Water-PIRE

10 Ecologically sustainable area An ecologically sustainable area can be described as an area which requires the supply of as little energy and raw materials as possible (especially nonrenewable materials), and which produces the minimum of harmful emission and wastes from all building and operating processes on a life cycle basis. A sustainable area should also offer people a good living environment and be economically affordable. (Lahti & Harmaajärvi 1992.)

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13 Level 1 / Urban region Region of Päijät-Häme ( inhabitants) Level of regional planning National guidelines for planning to be considered Connections between different regions How the general stucture of the area is going to develop during the near future (until 2030 / 2050)

14 Level 2 / City or municipality city of Lahti ( inhabitants) What to consider in development climate change adaptation and mitigation Developing a solid urban structure Densification of chosen areas Traffic network and different means of transportation Preserving and developing green area network Stormwater management plan Renewable energy production Waste management and circular economy

15 Principles to deal with stormwater in urban areas I Stormwater is treated and utilized in the place (use and infilteration of stormwater) II Stormwater is lead from the place by infiltrative and delaying system (infiltration and delaying in and on the ground) III Stormwater is lead from the place by stormwater pipes to separate public delaying areas (delaying in open systems) IV Stormwater is lead to stormwater pipes / drainage system Principles in Lahti city stormwater programme

16 Level 3 / City centre What to consider in development climate change adaptation and mitigation 826a-83210d23e17c/hillinta.html The buildings are apartment buildings (4-6 storeys), sealed surfaces, market square and parks Limited amount of permeable areas Runoff water collected to pipeline systems Planned pipeline to lead the stormwater to a new residential area where the water is treated by retention pools and watersheds

17 Why to manage stormwater in the cities

18 CATCHMENT AREA AND STORMWATER PIPELINES Green line: Stormwater pipeline Border of the main catchment area

19 Level 3 / Neighbourhood area What to consider in development climate change adaptation and mitigation Planned new area of Rantakartano, residential houses, a spa and a hotel, parking house, in the middle pedestrian area A separate stormwater management plan has been prepared for the area In the middle a stormwater canal and in the other end two retention pools collecting the runoff (biofilteration) before the water is lead to the lake Green roofs in the buildings

20 Rantakartano, Biofiltration pool (500 m3) stormwater solutions Central channel Green roofs Retention pool (max 500 m3)

21 Level 4 / City block and site What to consider in development climate change adaptation and mitigation Closed residential blocks with variety of heights high rise towers and lower parts green surface inside the block and also green roofs, parking on streets and in a parking hall, connected with the public pedestrian area with the canal Opportunity to infiltrate part of the stormwater on site

22 Detailed solutions in urban areas

23 Karisto area, Lahti: stormwater pools

24 Retention pond for stormwater

25 Leading rainfall and infiltrating on site

26 New residential area under planning

27 Citizen involvement and participation in urban development How citizens can participate in urban and community development and what kind of opportunities are available Neighbourhood associations or citizen committees as connections to town areas how they can work How schools can support environmental education, awareness raising and changes of attitudes in important topics What kind of topics could be objects of community development

28 Application to ask opinions from citizens

29 Own Lahti evenings citizens, municipal officers and politicians discussing together

30 Citizens comments dealing with environmental and climate impacts Written comments by the participants dealing with environmental problems

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32 Example of a question

33 Environmental education in schools opetus/ymparistokasvatus In Lahti all schools and daycare centers have nominated a person responsible for environmental education in the unit An environmental team is supporting the activities and a environmental educator is working in the city and in co-operation with schools Every year new goals are set for the following year and activities are reported Four daycare centers belong to so called Green Flag programme which is an international environmental programme Environmental education should cover both nature and built environment

34 Sources A Climate Change Reference Atlas Available at: _ATLAS_PAGES.pdf Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Available at: IPCC Supporting material. Available at: ata_supporting_material.shtml City of Lahti. Available at: