ADIP PROGRAM 2014/2015 PROF. RAINER HEHL WINTER

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1 ADIP PROGRAM 2014/2015 PROF. RAINER HEHL WINTER

2 PROGRAM WINTER SCHEDULE HAND-OUT 0-Übung HAND-IN 0-Übung PRESENTATION 0-Übung HAND-OUT PIV/Site HAND-IN PIV PRESENTATION PIV HAND-IN Structure/Landscape PRESENTATION Structure/Landscape HAND-OUT Semester Project Oct 7 Oct 9 Oct 10 Oct 31 Nov 13 Nov pm 13.30pm 14.00pm 14.00am 9.30am 10.00am 9.30am 10.00am 14.00pm MIDTERM PRESENTATIONS Dec 18/19 HAND-IN Project FINAL PRESENTATIONS HAND-IN Portfolio Jan 29 Feb 12/13 Feb 26 TROPICALIA TALKS CINE SALÃO Oct 31/Nov 14/Dez 5 Oct 30/Nov 27/tba (all dates are preliminary)

3 ADIP PROGRAM REVISIONING MAISON DOM-INO Fig.1: Maison Dom-ino by Le Corbusier GENERIC OR SPECIFIC? For the academic year 2014/2015 the ADIP program will focus on a revision of the dom-ino principle in its diverse modernist and contemporary manifestations. Once described by Le Corbusier as a load-bearing structure consisting of floor plates and pillars, maison dom-ino enables to liberate architectural elements from their structural function and to allow the design of the socalled plan libre spatial arrangements that are following their own formal and programmatic logic. With the articulation of the separation between generic structure and specific design solutions Le Corbusier introduced one of the most prominent principles of modernist architecture.

4 Dom-ino structure in Kosovo, Image: Bora Baboci TRANSFORMATION HYBRIDIZATION POPULARIZATION Fig.2: Photocollage by Filip Dujardin With the articulation of Maison Dom-ino Le Corbusier anticipated a construction method that nowadays can be considered a universal principle of popular architecture. On the backdrop of rapid urban growth, the reinforced concrete skeleton turned out to be a widespread construction technology, which applies to informal urbanization all around the globe and to standardized building types developed by formal real estate architecture, such as the system of the polykatoikia in Greece. What had been invented by the modernist avant-garde has entered the realm of popular building culture but instead of serving the modernist vision to free architecture from its sheer necessities, the popular application of dom-ino lead to an urban production that is just following the logic of economic construction while architectural expression is at the same time excessively hybridized with elements of local cultures and milieus. Whether we look at changes in use, spatial requirements or aesthetic qualities, the performance of popular architecture is inscribed on a time vector that constantly redefines its context. If we consider the built artifact as a dynamic object that can react to circumstantial shifts and changing identities, architecture and urban design are subject to the same transformation processes. However, while it seems obvious that cities are constantly undergoing modifications, architecture is rarely able to respond to changing functionalities and lifestyles. Between generic production and specific adaptation domino serves as methodological framework for investigations on the architectural as well as on the urban design scale, but it also operates as device for the exploration of the true potentials of transformation, hybridization and popularization in architecture.

5 WINTER SEMESTER TROPICALIST ARCHITECTURE ANTHROPOPHAGIC MODERNITY In the Winter Semester 2014/2015 the ADIP studios are programmatically linked to new readings of modernism and post-modernism. In reference to the artistic movement Tropicália in Brazil, a new take on cultural production is explored that brings together experimentations of the architectural avant-garde with practices of informal, popular and user-responsive architecture. Fig.3: Tropicália Installation by H lio Oiticica, Whitechapel Gallery, London 1969 Born out of the opressive political context marked by the takeover of the military regime in the 1960s Tropicália brought together various key-figures of the cultural milieu from different artistic fields such as music, visual arts, cinema, poetry, and theater. Drawing from the esthetic and performative qualities of informality, popular cultures and cultural hybridity became key components of artistic practice. Back then the Tropicalists referred to another key moment of cultural production in Brazil when writer and poet Oswaldo de Andrade anchored Brazilian modernism with his anthropophagic manifesto in the cannibalistic practice of indigenous tribes. Similar to the anthropophagic ritual of devouring the enemy s forces, the Brazilian modernists were instrumentalizing the cultural avant-garde of the former colonizers for their own ends. By incorporating elements of vernacular and pop culture in their artistic project the tropicalist movement intended to bridge the gap between the values of the cultural elite and the popular masses. Tropicália initiated a new take on the definition of Brazilian identity, but it also positioned cultural production in the middle of a globalized economy driven by the popularity of mass culture.

6 Fig.4: Tropicália installation by H lio Oiticica, Whitechapel Gallery, London 1969 Fig.7: Cover of the album Tropicália ou Panis e Circensis, 1968 Fig.5: Projeto Cães de Caça, Hélio Oiticica 1961

7 LECTURES AND EVENTS The additinal program lectures, talks, readings, screenings will be centered around the redefinition of cultural practice in the context of Tropicália and Brazil s revision of (post-) modernism. In addition to the studio work, the discursive relations between tropicália and contemporary practice are discussed and exposed to a wider public. Besides the ongoing ROUNDABOUT series that are taking place in the Architekturforum of the TU Berlin, the format of these events range from site visits, readings and discussions with invited guests under the title TROPICALIA TALKS and screenings in changing locations within the context of the film program of CINE-SALÃO. DESIGN STUDIOS Design investigations are based on research that critically reflects and explores in different scales how architecture and urban design are determined by image, structure and performance. IMAGE (MILIEU) STRUCTURE (SYNTAX) Fig.8: Exhibition poster, Rio de Janeiro 1967 PERFORMANCE (CONTEXT)

8 TRANSFER AND HYBRIDIZATION IMAGE (MILIEU) While the architecture studio is focusing on a conceptual transfer from specific residential buildings of Brazilian modernism to housing structures in Berlin, the urban design class is exploring the hybridization of generic dom-ino references within the specific landscape and vegetation of the Amazon region in Brazil. In both cases the transfer/hybridization is concentrated on three different thematic investigations (Image/ Structure/Performance). Transfer Architecture Studio Transfer Urban Design Studio Fig.9: Transfer from specific to generic structures and vice versa STRUCTURE (SYNTAX) PERFORMANCE (CONTEXT) PIV* Image Transfer (Achitecure Studio) The PIV for the architecture studio will be organized in collaboration with Fachgebiet Heinz/Frei based on the reconstruction of a residential space in a physical model. While the PIV is initiating the design process with an investigation on the qualities of a built space in relation to spatial program, movement, texture, llight, etc., it will also serve for the reconstruction of a reference image. By using the model as set-design for a photogtaph of an interior space the relationship between inside and outside will be addressed. The specific qualities of the reference project will be retraced through image research through the reconstruction and interpretation of an image representing a very specific spatial configuration between private living space and outside. PIV Productive Landscapes (Design Studio) Similar to the architecture studio the PIV for the urban design project will investigate references. In this case natural systems will be the the starting point of how to rethink the construction of landscape. These systems include considerations about water cycles, food production and the use of vegetation in order to improve the performance of the living environment. The design of productive landscapes will be mainly developed in a physical model complemented by an axonometric drawing showing the operational performance. *Projekt-integrierte Vertiefung

9 ARCHITECTURE STUDIO EXTRASPACECRAFT BERLIN TRANSFER Fig.10: Insertion of specific housing concepts into generic structures in Berlin The studio EXRTASPACECRAFT is addressing the urgent shift in building practice to deal with what is already there. It explores the potentials of Berlin s unused or underused spaces in order to inhabit its urban and natural landscapes in more efficient and sustainable, but also in unexpected ways. In order to foster new spatial and programmatic arrangements, the project proposals for building transformations and extensions are based on residential spaces from Brazilian post-war modernism that serve as references for a new input concerning atmospheric, structural and performative qualities.

10 HYBRIDIZED STRUCTURES The transfer will be applied to existing structures representing examples of generic architecture production in Berlin across the times ranging from mass housing complexes of West-Berlin to modernist pre-fab constructions (Plattenbau) of the former GDR regime. By hybridizing the standards of economic building models with the particular qualities of user-adapted architecture the dialectic relationship between generic and specific will be explored. Particular spatial concepts of the reference object will be translated and integrated within the existing structure in order to introduce new vantage points for the improvement of low-cost housing production. With a focus on hybrid modernities the studio is also addressing a new take on modernism. Instead of reducing architecture to abstract and reductionist models the opposite process will be investigated. Fig.11: References: modernist residential villas in São Paulo How can we turn standardized structures into living environments? How can we transform architecture that is determined by the market logic into specific habitats within city and nature? What kind of qualities have to be provided for an alternative and hybridized modernity? While the quest for internationalization of modernist architecture was absorbed by local adaptations all over the globe, specific interpretations of modernist principles will serve as starting point for an activation of generic building structures in Berlin. By using reference images from Brazilian modernity, transformations of concepts from early modernism translated into the tropical context are revised in order to conceive another kind of transformation process one that uses the inventions of Tropicalist Architecture for a continuously extending narratives of modernity.

11 BERLIN SITES (SELECTION) Fig.12: Plattenbau, Leipziger Strasse Fig.14: Plattenbau, Karl-Marx Allee/Otto-Braun Strasse Fig.15: Pallasseum, Pallasstrasse Fig.13: Plattenbau, Karl-Liebknecht Strasse/Münzstrasse

12 URBAN DESIGN STUDIO NEW TOWNS IN THE ANTHROPOCENE CONSTRUCTED LANDSCAPES Fig.16: Insertion of generic housing structure into specific productive landscape in the Amazon region. Postulated by climate scientist Paul Crutzen, the Anthropocene marks the beginning of a man-made epoch where major geological, ecological and climatic changes are for the first time caused by human activity. What makes this claim particularly interesting for architects and urban planners is the fact that the distinction between city and nature is turning blurry. While urban design is so far mainly concentrated on the production of cities, neighborhoods and buildings, the design of landscapes and green environments is usually subject of related disciplines such as landscape architecture and environmental sciences.

13 With the emergence of a new dimension of constructed landscapes, urban and natural environments are equally affected by building activity leading to the fact that established categorizations turn obsolete. The Brazilian mining town Parauapebas located on the southern edge of the Amazon forest in a frontier zone between city and nature, represents an exemplary case in this context. Ranging among the fastest growing cities in Brazil, Parauapebas also serves as an example on how natural and urban systems are intrinsically linked. The urban design studio on New Towns in the Anthropocene will investigate the impact of manmade nature on urbanization patterns while actively questioning prevalent practices. By envisioning new models for inhabited natures, the frontier between self-generating systems (whether this refers to natural growth or to informal building practices) is renegotiated and articulated in a project proposal that is blurring the boundaries between landscape and built structures. CITY OR NATURE? Fig.17: Geomorphology: An Introduction to the Study of Landscape by Armin Kohl Lobeck, Drawings showing the relevance of geomorphology to a popular or non-scientific study of landscape. In parallel to investigations on urban design in the Anthropocene a research project will focus on the question how rapid urban growth can accommodate lowincome populations. Against the backdrop of marketdriven development the generic repetitions and lacking urban quality of governmental housing programs such as Minha Casa Minha Vida in Brazil will be taken as a test-case for alternative approaches to mass housing. In view of the unattended demand for low-income dwellings worldwide, the question is how new urbanization models can be conceived based on an integral understanding of the relationship between natural resources and city making.

14 Fig.18: Panoramic Views of the site in Parauapebas, Brazil. Image: Julian Schubert