APPENDIX E ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION

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1 Municipal Class Environmental Assessment Study Burlington / Oakville Interconnecting Water Main Zone 3 Environmental Study Report APPENDIX E APPENDIX E ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION R.V. Anderson Associates Limited RVA / October 2010

2 Ministry of Tourism and Culture Ministère du Tourisme et de la Culture Culture Programs Unit Unité des programmes culturels Programs and Services Branch Direction des programmes et des services 400 University Avenue, 4 th floor 400, avenue University, 4 e étage Toronto, ON, M7A 2R9 Toronto, ON, M7A 2R9 Telephone: Téléphone: Facsimile: Télécopieur: Norbert.Stanchly@ontario.ca Norbert.Stanchly@ontario.ca April 9, 2010 Kim Slocki Archeoworks Inc Yonge Street Suite #1029 Newmarket, Ontario L3X 1X4 RE: Review and Acceptance into the Provincial Register of Reports: Archaeological Assessment Report Entitled, Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment (AA) for: Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/Oakville Interconnection Watermain, Class EA, City of Burlington, Regional Municipality of Halton, Ontario, Report Dated May, 2009, Report Received November 25, 2009, MCL Project Information Form Number P , MCL RIMS Number 24WT032 Dear Ms. Slocki: This office has reviewed the above-mentioned report, which has been submitted to this Ministry as a condition of licensing in accordance with Part VI of the Ontario Heritage Act, R.S.O. 1990, c This review is to ensure that the licensed professional consultant archaeologist has met the terms and conditions of their archaeological licence, that archaeological sites have been identified and documented according to the 1993 technical guidelines set by the Ministry and that the archaeological fieldwork and report recommendations ensure the conservation, protection and preservation of the cultural heritage of Ontario. As the result of our review, this Ministry accepts the above titled report into the Provincial register of archaeological reports. The report indicates that portions of the subject property have archaeological potential and, consequently, should be subject to a Stage 2 archaeological assessment. This Ministry concurs with this recommendation. I trust this information is of assistance. Should you require any further information regarding this matter, please feel free to contact me.

3 Sincerely, Norbert Stanchly Archaeology Review Officer cc. Archaeological Licensing Office R.V. Anderson Associates Limited

4 Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment (AA) for: Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnection Watermain Class EA City of Burlington Regional Municipality of Halton Ontario Project #: 008-A Licencee/#: Kim Slocki/P029 CIF#: P Revised May 2009 Presented to: R.V. Anderson Associates Limited 2001 Sheppard Avenue East, Suite #400 Toronto, ON M2J 4Z8 T: F: Prepared by: Archeoworks Inc Yonge Street, Suite #1029 Newmarket, ON L3X 1X4 Tel.: Fax:

5 Executive Summary Due to predicted population growth in the Region of Halton over the next 25 years, the South Halton Water and Wastewater Master Plan Update recommended that two watermains be constructed across Bronte Creek to interconnect Zones 1 and 3 in City of Burlington and the Town of Oakville. These watermains are required since there is a surplus of water treatment capacity in the City Burlington and a shortfall in water treatment capacity in the Town of Oakville. The proposed watermains will allow the Region to operate the water distribution systems in the City of Burlington and the Town of Oakville as one system. To identify a preferred alignment for the mitigation of the Zone 3 interconnecting watermain in the City of Burlington, the Region of Halton has retained R.V. Anderson Associates Limited, to undertake a Class Environmental Assessment. Currently, two alternative alignments for Zone 3 have been proposed: Alternatives 1 and 2; the two proposed watermain alternatives are hereafter referred to collectively as the study area. Alternative 1 extends along Dundas Street from the existing watermain approximately 30 metres west of Appleby Line to Tremaine Road; and north along Appleby Line from Dundas Street for approximately 140 metres, where it will connect to the existing watermain on the west side of Appleby Line. Alternative 1 is proposed to be installed along the eastern and northern road right-of-way (ROW) along Appleby Line and for most of Dundas Street, with the exception of the Bronte Creek valley. In order to reduce environmental impact to the Bronte Creek valley at the Dundas Street Bridge, R.V. Anderson Associates Ltd., has proposed to hang the watermain on the existing bridge piers via the construction of a utility bridge. Alternative 2 extends along Tremaine Road from Dundas Street to the Highway 407 ETR; and along the Highway 407 ETR from Tremaine Road to approximately 250 metres east of Appleby Line where it will connect to the existing watermain approximately 85 metres southeast of the Highway 407 ETR. Alternative 2 is proposed to be installed along the western and southern road ROW along Tremaine Road and for most of Highway 407 ETR, respectively. The remainder of Alternative 2 is proposed to be installed within the fallow fields southeast and east of Highway 407 ETR and Appleby Lane, respectively. In order to help facilitate this study, conducted in accordance with the Class Environmental Assessment, Archeoworks Inc. has been retained to conduct a Stage 1 archaeological assessment of the Alternatives, with an emphases on Alternative 1, to illustrate areas of high archaeological potential and to address the specific features contributing to the classification of high archaeological potential zones within these limits. Consultation of the Ontario Heritage Properties Database has confirmed the absence of any designated heritage properties within close proximity to the overall study area limits. Background research has determined that 27 archaeological sites have been found within a 500-meter radius of the overall study area limits, indicating the potential for locating additional sites within this region. Furthermore, the study area is bisected by Bronte Creek and tributaries of both Bronte Creek and Sheldon Creek. As such, we find high potential for the location and recovery of Aboriginal archaeological resources within the boundaries of the study area. A review of the study area within the 1877 Illustrated Historical Atlas of Halton County indicates that numerous historical farm houses, a mill/ manufactory, a blacksmith shop, the Hamilton and North Western Railway system and Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA i

6 the Tansley Pioneer Cemetery were formerly located within the limits of Alternative 1. This substantial background research has been done to support the Regional Municipality of Halton s Archaeological Master Plan potential mapping, which indicates that significant portions of the study area fall within high archaeological potential zones for the location and recovery of both Aboriginal and Euro-Canadian archaeological resources, due to the close proximity of primary water sources, numerous historical features, and previously identified archaeological sites. Therefore, the background research also supports high archaeological potential for locating historical remains within undisturbed portions of Alternative 1. Background research of Alternative 2 supports low historical potential as it is only bisected by the historical Hamilton and North Western Railway system. The Stage 1 field review revealed that Alternatives 1 and 2 are located primarily within a rural locale; encompassing moderate residential, commercial and industrial land-uses, roadways, the 407 ETR Highway, CN Railway, agricultural, fallow and grassed fields, Bronte Creek and its associated valleylands. The majority of Alternatives 1 and 2 are to be installed within disturbed, existing road right-of-ways and, as such, archaeological concerns are not warranted for these segments of the study area. However, as construction for both alternatives has been proposed within undisturbed fallow and grassed fields, specifically the southeast corner of Highway 407 and Appleby Line and the northeast corner of Appleby Line and Dundas Street, and due to the established high archaeological potential for the recovery of Aboriginal and Euro-Canadian remains within these alignments, a Stage 2 archaeological field assessment should be undertaken, if to be disturbed by construction activities. Furthermore, should lands immediately adjacent to Tansley Pioneer Cemetery be impacted by construction, a Stage 2 archaeological field assessment, followed by further Stage 3 investigations of this site should be undertaken to ensure that no archaeological remains, including grave shafts, are located within the study corridor limits. Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA ii

7 Project Personnel: Project/Field Director: Kim Slocki Field Review Archaeologist: Nimal R Nithiyanantham Kim Slocki Report Preparation: Nimal R Nithiyanantham Graphics: Nimal R Nithiyanantham Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA iii

8 Contents Executive Summary Project Personnel Contents i-ii iii iv Introduction Archaeological Significance Registered Archaeological Sites Physiographic Description and Aboriginal Potential 4-5,8 4. Historical Context and Potential 6-7,9 5. Field Review Conclusions and Recommendations Bibliography 14 Tables: Table 1: Sites within 500 metres of the Study Area 3 Table 2: History of Occupation in Southern Ontario 4 Table 3: Historic Structures within 100 metres of Proposed Alternatives 7 Figures: Figure 1: Map Identifying Location of Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Alternatives 2 Figure 2: Archaeological Potential Zones* within the Study Area 8 Figure 3: Historic Structures within Close Proximity* to the Proposed Watermain Alternatives 9 Appendix: Plates Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA iv

9 Introduction Through the Places to Grow Act, the Regional Municipality of Halton has been mandated by the Province to accommodate for significant population growth over the next 25 years. Therefore, it was recommended within the South Halton Water and Wastewater Master Plan Update Class EA that two watermains be constructed across Bronte Creek to interconnect Zones 1 and 3 in the City of Burlington and Town of Oakville. These watermains are required since there is a surplus of water treatment capacity in Burlington and a shortfall in water treatment capacity in Oakville. The proposed watermains will allow the Region to operate the water distribution systems in the City Burlington and the Town of Oakville as one system. To identify a preferred alignment for the mitigation of the Zone 3 interconnecting watermain in the City of Burlington, The Region of Halton has retained R.V. Anderson Associates Limited, to undertake a Class Environmental Assessment. Currently, two alternative alignments for Zone 3 have been proposed: Alternatives 1 and 2; the two proposed watermain alternatives are hereafter referred to collectively as the study area (see Figure 1). To facilitate this study, conducted in accordance with the Class Environment Assessment, Archeoworks Inc. was retained by R.V. Anderson Associates Ltd., to conduct a Stage 1 archaeological assessment of the study area. Alternative 1 extends along Dundas Street from the existing watermain approximately 30 metres west of Appleby Line to Tremaine Road; and north along Appleby Line from Dundas Street for approximately 140 metres, where it will connect to the existing watermain. Alternative 1 is proposed to be installed along the eastern and northern road right-of-way (ROW) along Appleby Line and for most of Dundas Street, with the exception of the Bronte Creek valley. In order to reduce environmental impact to the Bronte Creek valley at the Dundas Street Bridge, R.V. Anderson Associates Ltd., has proposed to hang the watermain on the existing bridge piers via the construction of a utility bridge. Alternative 2 extends along Tremaine Road from Dundas Street to the Highway 407 ETR; and along the Highway 407 ETR from Tremaine Road to approximately 250 metres east of Appleby Line where it will connect to the existing watermain approximately 85 metres southeast of the Highway 407 ETR. Alternative 2 is proposed to be installed along western and southern road ROW along Tremaine Road and for most of Highway 407 ETR, respectively. The remainder of Alternative 2 is proposed to be installed through fallow fields southeast and east of Highway 407 ETR, respectively. The purpose of this document is to determine what archaeological impacts might occur during construction of the proposed watermain alternatives, with an emphasis on Alternative 1 and, thus, archaeological potential was identified by conducting background research and undertaking a non-intrusive field review of the study area limits. The Stage 1 research, reported herein, was conducted under the project direction of Ms. Kim Slocki, in accordance with the Ontario Heritage Act (1990) under an archaeological consulting licence (P029) issued to Kim Slocki. Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 1

10 Figure 1: Map Identifying Location of Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Alternatives (Source: R.V. Andersons Associates Ltd.) 1) Archaeological Significance To establish the archaeological significance of the Zone 3 study area, and specifically the proposed alternatives, Archeoworks Inc. conducted a comprehensive review of registered archaeological sites and designated heritage properties within close proximity to these alternatives. Furthermore, a review of the physiography of the study area and its correlation to locating Aboriginal remains as well as consultation of the Illustrated Historical Atlases of the County of Halton was undertaken. The results of this background research are documented below. Consultation of the records for listed heritage properties within the Ontario Ministry of Culture s database confirmed the absence of any designated heritage properties within close proximity of the proposed alternatives in the study area (Ontario Heritage Properties Database). Specifically regarding the archaeology of the City of Burlington, the Master Plan of Archaeological Resources for the Regional Municipality of Halton was consulted (ASI 1998). The Master Plan mapping for the Region of Halton was developed based on a number of variables: prehistoric site locations, water locations, distribution of soils, examination of the 19 th century mapping, consideration of the basic historical themes that have been most influential in the Regions development, and the location of currently developed areas. Based on these variables the archaeological Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 2

11 potential of the Regional Municipality of Halton was established. As such, based on this mapping, significant portions of the study area are considered to be within a high archaeological potential zone. 2) Registered Archaeological Sites In order that an inventory of archaeological resources could be compiled for the study area, the site record forms for registered sites housed at the Ministry of Culture (MCL) were consulted. Each site is registered according to the Borden System, which is an archaeological numbering system used throughout Canada to track archaeological sites and the artifacts that come from them. The specific study area under review is located within Borden Block AiGw and according to the Ministry of Culture site registry files, a total of 27 sites have been registered within 500 metres of its limits. These sites are listed below in Table 1. Table 1: Sites within 500 metres of the Study Area Borden # Name Cultural Affiliation Type AiGw Euro-Canadian, Acermeric Aboriginal Findspot AiGw Aceramic Aboriginal Findspot AiGw-399 McCarthy II Archaic, early Findspot AiGw-400 McCarthy III Archaic, late Findspot AiGw-65 North Tremaine Woodland Findspot AiGw-98 Scattered Finds Undetermined Aboriginal Findspot AiGw-98.1 Scattered Finds - - AiGw Aceramic Aboriginal Findspot AiGw Archaic, Laurentian Findspot AiGw Aceramic Aboriginal Findspot AiGw Aceramic Aboriginal Findspot AiGw Aceramic Aboriginal Findspot AiGw Aceramic Aboriginal Findspot AiGw Aceramic Aboriginal Findspot AiGw Aceramic Aboriginal Chipping station AiGw Aceramic Aboriginal Aceramic Aboriginal AiGw Undetermined Aboriginal Findspot AiGw Undetermined Aboriginal Findspot AiGw Undetermined Aboriginal Findspot AiGw Archaic, middle; Brewerton Findspot AiGw Undetermined Aboriginal Scatter AiGw Archaic, early and late Scatter AiGw AiGw-35 Dumbo Undetermined Undetermined AiGw-386 Tremaine Archaic, late Findspot AiGw-39 Tremaine Road Archaic Undetermined AiGw-398 McCarthy I Undetermined Aboriginal Campsite Having noted the presence of these sites in relation to the study area, it might be useful to place them in the proper context by reviewing the cultural history of occupation in Southern Ontario provided in Table 2 below. Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 3

12 Table 2: History of Occupation in Southern Ontario Period Archaeological Culture Date Range Attributes PALEO-INDIAN Early Gainey, Barnes, Crowfield 11,000-10,400 BP Small nomadic hunter-gatherer bands. Fluted projectile points Late Holcombe, Hi-Lo, Lanceolate 10,400-9,500 BP Small nomadic hunter-gatherer bands. Lanceolate projectile points ARCHAIC Early Side-notched, corner notched, bifurcatebase 9,500 8,000 BP Small nomadic hunter-gatherer bands; first notched and stemmed points, and ground stone celts. Middle Otter Creek, Brewerton 8,000 4,500 BP Small territorial hunter-gatherer bands; wider variety of ground stone tools; first copper tools; bone tools Late WOODLAND Narrow, Broad and Small Points Normanskill, Lamoka, Genesee, Adder Orchard etc. 4,500 2,800 BP More numerous territorial huntergatherer bands; increasing use of exotic materials and artistic items for grave offerings; regional trade networks Early Meadowood, Middlesex 2,800 2,000 BP Introduction of pottery, burial ceremonialism; panregional trade networks Middle Point Peninsula 2,000 1,200 BP Cultural and ideological influences from Ohio Valley complex societies; incipient horticulture Late Algonquian, Iroquoian 1, BP Transition to larger settlements and agriculture Algonquian, Iroquoian BP Establishment of large palisaded villages (Iroquoian) Algonquian, Iroquoian BP Tribal differentiation and warfare (Iroquoian) HISTORIC Early Huron, Odawa, Algonquin AD Tribal displacements Late Six Nations Iroquois, Ojibway, Algonquin AD s Migrations and resettlement Euro-Canadian AD present European immigrant settlements 3) Physiographic Description and Aboriginal Potential An investigation of the physiography of the study area was conducted by reviewing The Physiography of Southern Ontario (3 rd Edition), a volume published by the Ministry of Natural Resources and authored by L.J. Chapman and D.F. Putnam. This investigation is conducted to aid the researcher in developing an argument for archaeological potential based on the environmental conditions of the study area. Environmental factors such as close proximity to water, soil type, and nature of the terrain, for example, can be used as predictors to determine where human occupation may have occurred in the past. Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 4

13 The majority of the study area is situated within the South Slope physiographic region of southern Ontario with the southern peripheries of the study area bounding the edge of the Iroquois Plain physiographic region. The South Slope extends from the Niagara Escarpment to the Trent River it covers approximately 940 square miles. The western portion of the South Slope of the Oak Ridges Moraine lies north of the Peel Plain, but the Trafalgar Moraine and adjacent till plain to the south of the Peel Plain is also included. The South Slope lies across the limestones of the Verulam and Lindsay Formations, the grey shales of the Georgian Bay Formation, and the reddish shales of the Queenston Formation, and contains a variety of soils, some of which have proved to be excellent through more than a century of agricultural use (Chapman & Putnam, 1984). Lying behind the lakeshore areas of first settlement in Upper Canada, the South Slope was colonized by the second wave composed largely of British immigrants after the close of the Napoleonic wars (Chapman & Putnam, 1984). The Iroquois Plain physiographic region is comprised of lacustrine deposits along the western end of Lake Ontario that were created by glacial Lake Iroquois. The plain extends from the Niagara River to the Trent River, a length of 300 kilometres, varying from a few hundred metres to thirteen kilometres in width. Across Peel and Halton, the Iroquois Plain has a very constant pattern with the old shoreline marked by bluffs or gravel bars. The land is generally level and the coarse sandy soil is often poorly drained. The soils of the general study area consist of clay loams derived from the underlying Ordovician red shale of the Queenston Formation (Chapman & Putnam, 1984). Prior to 1930, until 1940, the Iroquois plan was a general farming area, with a tendency for horticulture and growth of canning crops. Since the Second World War, the remaining farms have become larger while much of the land has been put to urban uses (Chapman & Putnam, 1984). In terms of archaeological potential, potable water is arguably the single most important resource necessary for any extended human occupation or settlement. As water sources have remained relatively stable in southern Ontario since post-glacial times, proximity to water can be regarded as a useful index for the evaluation of archaeological site potential. Indeed, distance from water has been one of the most commonly used variables for predictive modeling of site location. In fact, the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Recreation (now the Ministry of Culture) primer on archaeology, land use planning and development in Ontario stipulates that undisturbed lands within 300 metres of a primary water source, and undisturbed lands within 200 metres of a secondary water source, are considered to be of high archaeological potential (1997: pp.12-13). Therefore, with Bronte Creek and numerous tributaries of the Bronte Creek and Sheldon Creek bisecting the study area, we find high potential for the location and recovery of Aboriginal archaeological resources within 300 metres of these water sources in undisturbed locations (see Figure 2). Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 5

14 4) Historical Context and Potential To assess the study area s potential for the recovery of historic remains, several documents are reviewed in order to gain an understanding of the land-use history. These specifically include the Illustrated Historical Atlases for the Counties of Ontario. A review of the 1877 Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Halton has indicated that the study area is located within Concession 1 North of Dundas Street (NDS), Lots 1 through 6; and Concession 1 South of Dundas Street (SDS), Lot 6, in the former Township of Nelson (now the City of Burlington); in the former County of Halton (now the Regional Municipality of Halton see Figure 3). Both watermain alternatives are bisected by the historic Hamilton and North Western Railway system, which was constructed in Besides being bisected by the abovementioned historical feature Alternative 2 does not run in close proximity to any other historical structures and/ or features. This is likely due to the fact that a segment of Alternative 2 is being installed along the road right-of-way of the 407 ETR Highway, which was constructed through former agricultural fields of Concession 1 NDS, Lot 5 and not along an historic roadway. Patterns of historic land-use were such that the majority of the historic structures are predominantly located adjacent to the roadways and that villages were located at the intersections of these roadways. As such, based on this data, there is low potential for locating historical remains within the boundaries of Alternative 2 (see Figure 2). Alternative 1, which is proposed to be installed along Dundas Street and a small segment of Appleby Line runs in close proximity to 17 historical farm houses, a blacksmith shop, a mill/ manufactury and the Tansley Pioneer Cemetery (see Table 3). The cemetery was formerly located on the north side of Dundas Street just west of Tremaine Road (Burloak Drive Regional Road 3) within Concesssion 1 NDS, Lot 4. The cemetery was completely filled with burials; however, prior to its closing only a very few monuments remained which dated from While many of the graves originally had monuments, several did not as the deceased were transients or local residents who could not afford them. Many of the monuments have disappeared over time due to vandalism, deterioration and livestock roaming through the cemetery from adjacent pasture land. Other monuments were removed by those who either owned or looked after the land. The graves at the front of the cemetery were disturbed by the widening of Dundas Street to make it a highway and the laying of telephone and natural gas lines. Other graves were disturbed when a fence was erected down the middle of the cemetery. Sometime around 1978 the cemetery was closed and the remains of the deceased and monuments were removed to Greenwood Cemetery in Burlington (Halton-Peel Branch Ontario Genealogical Society 1993). Following the cemetery s closure, this property was occupied by a Sunoco gas station up until Based on the Region s data for contaminated sites, underground tanks were installed in Furthermore, a Phase 1 ESA was conducted by DML Environmental Services Limited in 2008 and the report indicates that the site was further disturbed by Terrapex Environmental Limited for the excavation of petroleum hydrocarbon impacted soil (DML 2008). As such, the site of the former Tansley Cemetery has been disturbed Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 6

15 significantly since its closure and relocation of remains to Greenwood Cemetery (see Plate 1). Of outstanding concern, however, is that unmarked graves may not have been identified for the 1978 relocation. As such, impacts to potential graves will need to be mitigated if to be disturbed by construction. Regarding the remainder of Alternative 1, since the patterns of historic land-use were such that the majority of the historic structures are predominantly located adjacent to the roadways and that villages were located at the intersections of these roadways, which is illustrated in Figure 3, we find high potential for locating historical remains within the boundaries of Alternative 1 (see Figure 2). Table 3: Historic Structures within 100 metres of Proposed Alternatives Alternative Township Concession Lot Occupant/Owner Type of Property Alternative 1 Nelson 1 SDS 1 Edmund Doran Farm house Alternative 1 Nelson 1 SDS 3 Mill Property Mill/ Manufactory Alternative 1 Nelson 1 SDS 3 Miles O Riely Two farm houses Alternative 1 Nelson 1 SDS 4 J. Bunton Two farm houses Alternative 1 Nelson 1 SDS 4 J. Galagar Two farm houses Alternative 1 Nelson 1 SDS 4 Charles Harrison Three farm houses Alternative 1 Nelson 1 SDS 6 Charles Harrison Two farm houses Blacksmith shop Alternative 1 Nelson 1 NDS 1 John Alexander Farm house Alternative 1 Nelson 1 NDS 2 Thomas Page Farm house Alternative 1 Nelson 1 NDS 4 Reverend A Nellis Farm house Tansley Pioneer Cemetery Alternative 1 Nelson 1 NDS 5 Neil Johnson Farm house Alternative 1 Nelson 1 NDS 6 James Campbell Two farm houses Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 7

16 Figure 2: High Archaeological Potential Zones* within the Study Area *High Archaeological Potential Zones are defined as lands within 300 metres of a primary water source, within 200 metres of a secondary water source and within close proximity (ie: 100 metres or less) to a former or existing 18 th or 19 th century feature, structure and/or historic village Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 8

17 Figure 3: Historic Structures within Close Proximity* to the Proposed Watermain Alternatives *Close Proximity is defined as lands within 100 meter or less to a former or existing 18 th or 19 th century structure/featur e and/or historic village. Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 9

18 5) Field Review A non-intrusive field review of the study area was conducted on December 12 th, The purpose of the field review was to identify and describe high potential areas requiring additional archaeological research and low potential areas not warranting further archaeological concern. Alternative 1 is located within the rural locale of the City of Burlington, encompassing moderate residential, commercial and industrial land-uses, roadways, railways, agricultural, fallow and grassed fields, Bronte Creek and its associated valleylands (see Plate 2). Stage 2 archaeological assessment of Appleby Line from north of Taywood Drive to the 407 ETR Highway and along Dundas Street from the intersection of Appleby Line and Dundas easterly approximately 370 metres was assessed to free from archaeological remains by Archeoworks Inc. in October of 2008 (see Plate 3). The specifics of this archaeological assessment is outlined in the Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of Proposed Improvements of Appleby Line (RR20) and the Intersection at Dundas Street (RR5), Class EA, City of Burlington, Halton Region, Ontario (Archeoworks Inc., 2008). To reduce environmental and archaeological impact to Bronte Creek valley where it bisects Dundas Street, RVA has proposed hanging the watermain on abandoned bridge piers adjacent to the existing Dundas Street bridge (see Plates 4). However, as the engineering designs have not been finalized, further archaeological review of this section of Alternative 1 should be undertaken once the detailed design is complete, to determine if any Stage 2 archaeological investigations are warranted. Furthermore, should construction occur within the Bronte Creek Provincial Park, guidelines for cultural and heritage studies set forth by Ontario Parks are required to be followed. While the majority of the remainder of this alternative is to be installed within disturbed, existing road right-of-ways (ROW), archaeological concerns remain outstanding for the fallow and grassed area extending from approximately 370 metres east of Appleby Line and Dundas Street to 5223 Dundas Street (see Plates 5). Additionally, should construction activities extend beyond the current ROW limits into undisturbed areas, Stage 2 archaeological investigations may be warranted, specifically if impacts are to occur to lands within close proximity to historic structures and features or to undisturbed lands falling within the high potential zones illustrated on Figure 2. Finally, should construction impact lands immediately adjacent to the Tansley Pioneer Cemetery, impacts to potential graves will need to be mitigated; these mitigations involving the mechanical removal of topsoil to locate any unmarked graves (grave shafts) following the length of the cemetery limits. The Registrar of Cemeteries should also be notified of the proposed work and consulted to confirm the investigation strategy. Alternative 2 is located with the rural locale of the City of Burlington, encompassing a single residential unit, the Tremaine roadway, the 407 ETR Highway, agricultural and fallow fields, Bronte Creek and its associated valleylands. All of Alternative 2 along Tremaine Road and the majority of its installation along the 407ETR Highway is to occur within disturbed existing road ROW; as such, further archaeological concerns are Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 10

19 not warranted for this portion Alternative 2 (see Plate 6). However, should construction activities extend beyond the ROW limits into undisturbed areas, Stage 2 archaeological investigations may be warranted, specifically if impacts are to occur to lands within the established high potential zones (see Figure 2). Archaeological concerns are still outstanding for the remainder of Alternative 2 that extends approximately 85 metres from the 407 ETR Highway ROW south-easterly into undisturbed fallow fields within Lot 5, Concession 1 NDS, where Alternative 2 connects to the existing and proposed watermains (see Figure 2). Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 11

20 6) Conclusions and Recommendations The Stage 1 archaeological assessment of the proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain, in the City of Burlington, Regional Municipality of Halton, has indicated that, based on historical documentation, the visual documentation of suitable topography and proximity of water sources, there is high potential for the recovery of sub-surface Aboriginal and Euro-Canadian, historic remains within the limits of the proposed study area. Therefore, the established high potential for the recovery of Aboriginal and Euro-Canadian, historic remains within the study area warrants further Stage 2 archaeological assessments in all undisturbed areas of both alternatives if they are to be impacted by construction activities. In light of these results, the following recommendations are presented: 1. Due to the assessed undisturbed condition of specified sections within Alternatives 1 and 2; along with the established high potential for the recovery of Aboriginal and/or Euro-Canadian remains within these alignments, once the preferred route has been selected, a Stage 2 archaeological field assessment of the identified undisturbed areas within this route should be undertaken prior to any construction activities, to minimize impacts to heritage resources. Should significant archaeological resources be encountered, additional background research or fieldwork may be required by the Ministry of Culture. 2. Should construction activities impact those lands immediately adjacent to the Tansley Pioneer Cemetery, a Stage 2 archaeological field assessment followed by detailed Stage 3 investigations, will be necessary. This would entail the use a smooth-bucket backhoe or Gradall to strip topsoil following the length of the cemetery frontage where ever construction is to occur. Once the topsoil has been removed, if it has been determined no grave shafts fall within the limits of construction, the topsoil would subsequently be returned and all excavated ditches filled in. Should grave shafts be encountered, local police, The Ministry of Culture and the Registrar of Cemeteries must be contacted immediately for further instruction. 3. This report is filed with the Ministry of Culture in compliance with Section 65 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act. The ministry reviews reports to ensure that the licensee has met the terms and conditions of the licence and archaeological resources have been identified and documented according to the standards and guidelines set by the ministry, ensuring the conservation, protection and preservation of the heritage of Ontario. It is recommended that development not proceed before receiving confirmation that the Ministry of Culture has entered the report into the provincial register of reports. 4. Should previously unknown or unassessed deeply buried archaeological resources be uncovered during development, they may be a new archaeological site and therefore subject to Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act. The proponent or person discovering the archaeological resources must cease alteration of the site immediately and engage a licensed archaeologist to carry out archaeological fieldwork, in compliance with Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 12

21 Heritage Act. The office of the Heritage Operations Unit, Ministry of Culture ( ) should be contacted immediately. 5. Any person discovering human remains must immediately notify the office of the Heritage Operations Unit, Ministry of Culture ( ), the police or coroner, and the Registrar of Cemeteries, Cemeteries Regulation Unit, Ministry of Government Services ( ). Under Section 6 of Regulation 881 of the Ontario Heritage Act, Archeoworks Inc. will, keep in safekeeping all objects of archaeological significance that are found and all field records that are made. Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 13

22 7) Bibliography Archaeological Services Inc Archaeological Master Plan for the Regional Municipality of Halton. Report on File at Archaeological Services Inc., Toronto. Archeoworks Inc Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of Proposed Improvements of Appleby Line (RR20) and the Intersection at Dundas Street (RR5), Class EA, City of Burlington, Halton Region, Ontario, Newmarket. Chapman, L. J. and Putnam, D. F The Physiography of Southern Ontario; Ontario Geological Survey, Special Volume 2. Government of Ontario: Toronto. DML Environmental Services Limited 2008 Phase I Environmental Site Assessment of 5223 Dundas Street, Burlington, Ontario, Niagara Falls. Halton-Peel Branch Ontario Genealogical Society 1993 Nelson Township No. 10 Tansley Pioneer Cemetery. Streetsville Ontario Ministry of Citizenship, Culture and Recreation (now the Ministry of Culture) 1997(revised 1998) An Educational Primer and Comprehensive Guide for Nonspecialists. Archaeology, Land Use Planning & Development in Ontario. Toronto. Ontario Ministry of Culture 2006 Final Draft: Standards and Guidelines for Consulting Archaeologists. _final.htm Walker and Miles (publishers), 1877 Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Halton, Ontario Toronto: Walker & Miles. Websites: Ontario Heritage Properties Database Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 14

23 Appendix: Plates Plate 1: Looking north at location of the former Tansley Pioneer Cemetery, entirely graded and covered in gravel. Plate 2: Looking northeast along Dundas Street at gravel and ditched disturbance along existing road ROW. Plate 3: Looking northeast at test-pit survey at five metre intervals from Stage 2 survey in October Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 15

24 Plate 4: Looking northeast along Dundas Street at existing bridge pier. Plate 5: Looking northeast along Dundas Street at potentially undisturbed grassed frontage at 5223 Dundas Street. Plate 6: Looking northwest along Tremaine Road at existing road ROW. Stage 1 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Class EA 16

25 Ministry of Tourism and Culture Ministère du Tourisme et de la Culture Culture Programs Unit Unité des programmes culturels Programs and Services Branch Direction des programmes et des services 400 University Avenue, 4 th floor 400, avenue University, 4 e étage Toronto, ON, M7A 2R9 Toronto, ON, M7A 2R9 Telephone: Téléphone: Facsimile: Télécopieur: Norbert.Stanchly@ontario.ca Norbert.Stanchly@ontario.ca April 9, 2010 Kim Slocki Archeoworks Inc Yonge Street Suite #1029 Newmarket, Ontario L3X 1X4 RE: Review and Acceptance into the Provincial Register of Reports: Archaeological Assessment Report Entitled, Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment (AA) of: Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/Oakville Interconnection Watermain, Class EA, City of Burlington, Regional Municipality of Halton, Ontario, Report Dated May, 2009, Report Received November 25, 2009, MCL Project Information Form Number P , MCL RIMS Number 24WT032 Dear Ms. Slocki: This office has reviewed the above-mentioned report, which has been submitted to this Ministry as a condition of licensing in accordance with Part VI of the Ontario Heritage Act, R.S.O. 1990, c This review is to ensure that the licensed professional consultant archaeologist has met the terms and conditions of their archaeological licence, that archaeological sites have been identified and documented according to the 1993 technical guidelines set by the Ministry and that the archaeological fieldwork and report recommendations ensure the conservation, protection and preservation of the cultural heritage of Ontario. As the result of our review, this Ministry accepts the above titled report into the Provincial register of archaeological reports. No archaeological sites were documented. It is recommended that there are no further concerns for alterations to archaeological sites for the area that has undergone archaeological assessment. This Ministry concurs with this recommendation. Given the above, this Ministry is satisfied that concerns for archaeological sites have been met for the area of this development project as depicted by Figures 2.1 and 2.2 of the above titled report. Should you require further information, please do not hesitate to contact me.

26 Sincerely, Norbert Stanchly Archaeology Review Officer cc. Archaeological Licensing Office R.V. Anderson Associates Limited

27 Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment (AA) of: Proposed Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnection Watermain Class EA City of Burlington Regional Municipality of Halton Ontario Project #: 008-A Licencee/#: Kim Slocki/P029 PIF#: P July 2009 Presented to: R.V. Anderson Associates Limited 2001 Sheppard Avenue East, Suite #400 Toronto, ON M2J 4Z8 T: F: Prepared by: Archeoworks Inc Yonge Street, Suite #1029 Newmarket, ON L3X 1X4 Tel.: Fax:

28 Executive Summary Through the Places to Grow Act, the Regional Municipality of Halton has been mandated by the Province to accommodate for significant population growth over the next 25 years. Therefore, it was recommended within the South Halton Water and Wastewater Master Plan Update Class EA that two watermains be constructed across Bronte Creek to interconnect Zones 1 and 3 in the City of Burlington and Town of Oakville. These watermains are required since there is a surplus of water treatment capacity in Burlington and a shortfall in water treatment capacity in Oakville. The proposed watermains will allow the Region to operate the water distribution systems in the City Burlington and the Town of Oakville as one system. To identify a preferred alignment for the mitigation of the Zone 3 interconnecting watermain in the City of Burlington, The Region of Halton has retained R.V. Anderson Associates Limited (RVA), to undertake a Class Environmental Assessment. To facilitate this study, conducted in accordance with the Class Environment Assessment, Archeoworks Inc. was initially retained by RVA, of Toronto, Ontario, in 2009 to conduct a Stage 1 archaeological assessment of the proposed watermain alternatives. Two alternative alignments for Zone 3 were initially proposed. In 2009, Archeoworks Inc. was further retained to conduct the Stage 2 archaeological assessment of the preferred watermain alignment within Zone 3, identified as Alternative 1 and which extends along Dundas Street from Tremaine Road to Appleby Line. A Stage 2 assessment was required due to the establishment of potential for the recovery of archaeological remains in our Stage 1 report. The pre-survey research, outlined in the Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment for Proposed Zone 3, Burlington/Oakville, Interconnection Watermain, Class EA, City of Burlington, Regional Municipality of Halton, Ontario (Archeoworks Inc., 2009), identified potential for locating historic Euro-Canadian remains within undisturbed portions of the Zone 3 study area based on the former presence of numerous historical farm houses, a mill/manufactory, a blacksmith shop, the Hamilton and North Western Railway system and the Tansley Pioneer Cemetery within the limits of Alternative 1. Furthermore, study corridor transects Bronte Creek and tributaries of Bronte Creek and Sheldon Creek, which supports the potential for the recovery of Aboriginal remains. In addition, the Regional Municipality of Halton s Archaeological Master Plan potential mapping indicates that significant portions of the study area fall within high archaeological potential zones for the location and recovery of both Aboriginal and Euro-Canadian archaeological resources. A total of 27 archaeological sites had been encountered within a two-kilometre radius of the study corridor which also helps establish the potential for the discovery of additional archaeological remains in the immediate area. During the Stage 2 archaeological assessment of Alternative 1, significant disturbances, including grading, ditching and filling activities associated with the existing roadways and surrounding construction activities related to adjacent development activities were encountered; these disturbances encompassing the majority of the study corridor and not subject to field assessment. Furthermore, a segment of the study corridor, at the Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton i

29 intersection of Appleby Line and Dundas Street was previously subjected to a Stage 2 survey as recorded in Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of Proposed Improvements of Appleby Line (RR20) and the Intersection at Dundas Street (RR5), Class EA, City of Burlington, Halton Region, Ontario (Archeoworks Inc., 2008). During this assessment no archaeological remains were encountered and, thus, this part of the study corridor is now considered free from further archaeological concern. Finally, to reduce environmental and archaeological impacts to the Bronte Creek valley where it bisects Dundas Street, as discussed within the Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment for Proposed Zone 3, Burlington/Oakville, Interconnection Watermain, Class EA, City of Burlington, Regional Municipality of Halton, Ontario (Archeoworks Inc., 2009), RVA has proposed hanging the watermain on abandoned bridge piers adjacent to the existing Dundas Street bridge, from approximately STA to just west of STA 13+00; as such, archaeological testing was not required with this segment of the study corridor and, thus, was not conducted. The surrounding area predominantly consists of commercial and residential developments except for woodlots near Bronte Creek north and south of Dundas Street, farmland on the south side of Dundas Street extending past Tremaine Road and north of Dundas Street near Tremaine Road. Test-pits were, nevertheless, excavated in order to determine the condition of the soil and to confirm disturbances associated with the adjacent roadways. Despite the detailed archaeological assessment, no archaeological remains were encountered while undertaking the Stage 2 assessment and, thus, and the entire study corridor is now considered free from further archaeological concern. Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton ii

30 Project Personnel: Project/Field Director: Kim Slocki Field Archaeologists: Rob Dmytruk Nimal R Nithiyanantham Kelly Pike Jessica Lytle Report Preparation: Brad Gibson Nimal R Nithiyanantham Graphics: Brad Gibson Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton iii

31 Contents Executive Summary Project Personnel Contents i ii-iii iv Introduction Stage 1 Summary 3 2. Stage 2 Field Assessment Conclusions & Recommendations 7 4. Bibliography 8 Figures: Figure 1: 1:50,000 Map Identifying Location of Study Corridor 2 Figure 2.1: Stage 2 Assessment 5 Figure 2.2: Stage 2 Assessment 6 Appendix: Plates Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton iv

32 Introduction Through the Places to Grow Act, the Regional Municipality of Halton has been mandated by the Province to accommodate for significant population growth over the next 25 years. Therefore, it was recommended within the South Halton Water and Wastewater Master Plan Update Class EA that two watermains be constructed across Bronte Creek to interconnect Zones 1 and 3 in the City of Burlington and Town of Oakville. These watermains are required since there is a surplus of water treatment capacity in Burlington and a shortfall in water treatment capacity in Oakville. The proposed watermains will allow the Region to operate the water distribution systems in the City Burlington and the Town of Oakville as one system. To identify a preferred alignment for the mitigation of the Zone 3 interconnecting watermain in the City of Burlington, The Region of Halton has retained R.V. Anderson Associates Limited, to undertake a Class Environmental Assessment. To facilitate this study, conducted in accordance with the Class Environment Assessment, Archeoworks Inc. was initially retained by R.V. Anderson Associates Ltd., of Toronto, Ontario, in 2009 to conduct a Stage 1 archaeological assessment of the proposed watermain alternatives. Two alternative alignments for Zone 3 were initially proposed. In 2009, Archeoworks Inc. was further retained to conduct the Stage 2 archaeological assessment of the preferred watermain alignment within Zone 3, identified as Alternative 1 and which extends along Dundas Street from Tremaine Road to Appleby Line (see Figure 1). A Stage 2 assessment was required due to the establishment of potential for the recovery of archaeological remains in our Stage 1 report. The Stage 2 survey, reported herein, was conducted under the project and field direction of Ms. Kim Slocki on June 2 nd, Permission to enter this study area in order to conduct archaeological field activities, including the recovery of artifacts, was granted on April 15 th, This study was conducted in accordance with the Ontario Heritage Act (1990) under an archaeological consulting licence (P029) issued to Kim Slocki. Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 1

33 Figure 1: Map Identifying Location of Zone 3 Burlington/ Oakville Interconnecting Watermain Alternatives (Source: R.V. Andersons Associates Ltd.) Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 2

34 2) Stage 1 Summary The pre-survey research, outlined in the Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment for Proposed Zone 3, Burlington/Oakville, Interconnection Watermain, Class EA, City of Burlington, Regional Municipality of Halton, Ontario (Archeoworks Inc., 2009), indicated that according to the visual documentation of suitable topography, the close proximity of 27 known archaeological sites, historical documentation and the immediate proximity of several tributaries, additional significant sub-surface prehistoric Aboriginal and 19 th century Aboriginal and Euro-Canadian sites may be discovered at any undisturbed location within the proposed watermain Alternates 1 and 2. Specifically regarding Alternative 1, identified archaeological potential was based on the fact that the study corridor transects Bronte Creek and tributaries of Bronte Creek and Sheldon Creek. Furthermore, a review of the study corridor within the 1877 Illustrated Historical Atlas of Halton County indicated that numerous historical farm houses, a mill/ manufactory, a blacksmith shop, the Hamilton and North Western Railway system and the Tansley Pioneer Cemetery were formerly located within it limits. This substantial background research supports the Regional Municipality of Halton s Archaeological Master Plan potential mapping, which indicates that significant portions of the study corridor fall within high archaeological potential zones for the location and recovery of both Aboriginal and Euro-Canadian archaeological resources, due to the close proximity of primary water sources, numerous historical features, and previously identified archaeological sites. Due to the established high archaeological potential for the recovery of Aboriginal and Euro- Canadian remains within Alignment 1, it was recommended that a Stage 2 archaeological assessment, following the Final Draft: Standards and Guidelines for Consulting Archaeologists (2006), published by the Ministry of Culture, be undertaken in all undisturbed locations. The results of our Stage 2 survey are listed below. 2) Stage 2 Field Assessment The Stage 2 archaeological assessment illustrated in Figures 2.1 and 2.2 was undertaken to identify and describe any existing archaeological resources within the study corridor boundaries. The weather during the Stage 2 investigations was overcast with temperatures averaging 14.5ºC. Significant disturbances, including grading, ditching and filling activities associated with the existing roadways and surrounding construction activities related to adjacent development, were encountered; these disturbances encompassing the majority of the study corridor (see Figures 2.1 and 2.2, Plates 1-18). The surrounding area predominantly consists of commercial and residential developments except for woodlots near Bronte Creek north and south of Dundas Street, farmland on the south side of Dundas Street extending past Tremaine Road and north of Dundas Street near Tremaine Road. Test pits were, nevertheless, excavated in order to determine the condition of the soil and confirmed disturbances associated with the adjacent roadways. Due to the low archaeological potential classification of these areas, systematic survey was abandoned in all identified disturbed locations. Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 3

35 A segment of the study corridor, at the intersection of Appleby Line and Dundas Street extending northeast toward the Dundas Street Bridge over Bronte Creek was previously subjected to a Stage 2 survey as recorded in Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment of Proposed Improvements of Appleby Line (RR20) and the Intersection at Dundas Street (RR5), Class EA, City of Burlington, Halton Region, Ontario (Archeoworks Inc., 2008). While disturbances consisted of grading, ditching, and filling activities, a test pit survey was conducted in areas near the intersection. Despite these efforts, no archaeological remains were encountered while undertaking the Stage 2 assessment of Appleby Line and Dundas Street and, thus, this part of the study corridor is now considered free from further archaeological concern. Moreover, to reduce environmental and archaeological impacts to the Bronte Creek valley where it bisects Dundas Street, as discussed within the Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment for Proposed Zone 3, Burlington/Oakville, Interconnection Watermain, Class EA, City of Burlington, Regional Municipality of Halton, Ontario (Archeoworks Inc., 2009), RVA has proposed hanging the watermain on abandoned bridge piers adjacent to the existing Dundas Street bridge, from approximately STA to just west of STA 13+00; as such, archaeological testing was not required with this segment of the study corridor and, thus, was not conducted (see Figure 2.2). A shovel test-pit form of survey, complying with the Final Draft: Standards and Guidelines for Consulting Archaeologists (2006), published by the Ministry of Culture, was conducted adjacent to and within the Bronte Creek woodlot on the south side of Dundas Street from just east of STA to approximately STA and from just east of STA to approximately STA 13+50, and on the north side of Dundas Street from just east of STA to approximately STA on the south and north sides of Dundas Street, so as to evaluate the archaeological significance of the lands (see Figures 2.1 and 2.2, Plates 10 and 12). Despite careful scrutiny, no archaeological remains were encountered. The remainder of the study corridor assessed to be undisturbed consisted of grassed margins adjacent to the roadways. These areas were subjected to a shovel test-pit form of survey, complying with the Final Draft: Standards and Guidelines for Consulting Archaeologists (2006), published by the Ministry of Culture (see Figures 2.1 and 2.2, Plates 5, 9, 10-11, 13 & 17). Shovel test-pit surveys are defined as excavating 30x30cm units at set intervals of five metres on a grid pattern in areas requiring this form of assessment. In total, approximately 300 test-pits were excavated to sterile subsoil depths of centimetres and the topsoil was screened through sixmillimetre mesh in order to facilitate the recovery of artifacts. All test-pits were backfilled. No archaeological remains were encountered while undertaking the Stage 2 assessment and, thus, and the entire study corridor is now considered free from further archaeological concern. Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 4

36 Figure 2.1: Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 5

37 Figure 2.2: Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 6

38 3) Conclusions & Recommendations During the Stage 2 archaeological assessment of preferred watermain alignment Alternative 1, within Zone 3, which extends along Dundas Street from Tremaine Road to Appleby Line, in the City of Burlington, Regional Municipality of Halton, no archaeological remains were encountered. As a result, it is recommended that: 1. The subject lands, as illustrated in Figures 2.1 and 2.2, be considered free from archaeological concern. 2. This report is filed with the Minister of Culture in compliance with Section 65 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act. The ministry reviews reports to ensure that the licensee has met the terms and conditions of the licence and archaeological resources have been identified and documented according to the standards and guidelines set by the ministry, ensuring the conservation, protection and preservation of the heritage of Ontario. It is recommended that development not proceed before receiving confirmation that the Ministry of Culture has entered the report into the provincial register of reports. 3. Should previously unknown or unassessed deeply buried archaeological resources be uncovered during development, they may be a new archaeological site and therefore subject to Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act. The proponent or person discovering the archaeological resources must cease alteration of the site immediately and engage a licensed archaeologist to carry out archaeological fieldwork, in compliance with Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act. The office of the Heritage Operations Unit, Ministry of Culture ( ) should be contacted immediately. 4. Any person discovering human remains must immediately notify the office of the Heritage Operations Unit, Ministry of Culture ( ), the police or coroner, and the Registrar of Cemeteries, Cemeteries Regulation Unit, Ministry of Government Services ( ). Under Section 6 of Regulation 881 of the Ontario Heritage Act, Archeoworks Inc. will, keep in safekeeping all objects of archaeological significance that are found and all field records that are made. Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 7

39 4) Bibliography Archeoworks Inc Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment for Proposed Zone 3, Burlington/Oakville, Interconnection Watermain, Class EA, City of Burlington, Regional Municipality of Halton, Ontario. Newmarket. Ontario Ministry of Citizenship, Culture and Recreation (now the Ministry of Culture) 1997(revised 1998) Conserving a Future for our Past: Archaeology, Land Use Planning & Development in Ontario. An Educational Primer and Comprehensive Guide for Non-Specialists. Cultural Programs Branch, Archaeology & Heritage Planning Unit. Toronto. Ontario Ministry of Culture 2006 Final Draft: Standards and Guidelines for Consulting Archaeologists. Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 8

40 Appendix A: Plates Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 9

41 Plate 1: Looking at soil conditions in the southwestern corner of the study corridor. Plate 2: 887 Looking northeast at gravel disturbances and slope associated with the bridge. Plate 3: 891 Looking south at sloped area at the southern part of the study corridor. Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 10

42 Plate 4: Manhole access in the southern part of the study corridor with test-pitting in the background. Plate 5: Looking northeast at test pit survey at 5 metre intervals. Plate 6: Photo of the soil being excavated from test pits. Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 11

43 Plate 7: Looking northeast and disturbances caused by slope and ditch. Plate 8: Looking southwest at ditches and gravel shoulder, to the left is testable soil. Plate 9: Looking northeast at test pit survey at 5 metre intervals. Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 12

44 Plate 10: Looking northeast at test pit survey at 5 metre intervals. Plate 11: Looking southwest at test pit survey at 5 metre intervals in the west side of Dundas Street. Plate 12: Looking southwest at ditch and test pit area to the right of the ditch. Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 13

45 Plate 13: Looking northwest at test pit area in the west side of Dundas Street. Plate 14: Looking northeast at disturbances caused by ditching and a gravel shoulder. Plate 15: Looking southeast along study corridor. Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 14

46 Plate 16: Looking northeast along study corridor. Plate 17: Looking north at test pit survey at 5 metre intervals conducted beyond roadside ditch. Plate 18: Looking northeast towards Tremaine Road at the end of the study corridor. Stage 2 AA of Proposed Zone 3 Watermain Interconnection, Burlington, RM of Halton 15