ON-THE-JOB TRAINING BLUEPRINT

Transcription

1 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING BLUEPRINT JOB TITLE MODULE General Cleaner Cleaning Hard Floor Copyright Singapore Productivity and Standards Board All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be produced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written permission.

2 JOB TITLE DEPARTMENT ON-THE-JOB TRAINING CURRICULUM General Cleaner Cleaning UNIT DIVISION N.A. N.A. TRAINING MODULE Cleaning Hard Floor TOTAL TASKS 5 TOTAL HOURS 15 SN MAIN TASKS HOURS 1 PREPARE FOR WORK ACTIVITIES 1 2 REMOVE LOOSE DUST AND DEBRIS FROM HARD FLOOR 3 3 REMOVE SPILLAGE FROM HARD FLOOR 5 4 REMOVE IMPACTED SOIL FROM HARD FLOORS WITHOUT AID OF MACHINE 4 5 REINSTATE WORK AREA 2 PREPARED BY APPROVED BY DESIGNATION SIGNATURE DESIGNATION SIGNATURE TELEPHONE DATE TELEPHONE DATE 1

3 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER GENERAL CLEANER N.A. CLEANING N.A. 5 1 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 2 1 PREPARE FOR WORK ACTIVITIES 1. Prepare trolley with necessary equipment, chemicals, signboards and personal protective equipment 2. Collect work instructions from Supervisor 3. Examine the area and type of cleaning specified in the work instruction 4. Check whether equipment and chemicals prepared meet work instructions 5. Proceed to assigned work area with trolley Check equipment is in working condition Check chemicals are topped-up Correct colour coded broom and mop is used Must be within knowledge and ability to perform Pick up additional equipment and chemicals if required Use service lift Complete preparation of work activities within 10 minutes. Knowledge Types of hard floor - Ceramic - Terracotta - Concrete - Slate - Vinyl Types of brooms Types of dust control mops Colour coding of brooms and mops Types of chemicals - Neutral - Alkaline - Sanitise solutions Health and safety procedures Skills Handling dust control mop Handling broom Preparing trolley Using personal protective equipment Identifying type of hard floor Explain Importance of Using correct colour coded broom and mop Consequence of not preparing a complete trolley to meet the work instructions Setting up signboards that are viewable by shoppers Emphasise Correct set up of trolley for type of cleaning specified Explain and Demonstrate Setting up of trolley Worksheet 1-2 Skills Practise Trainee to practise all task elements Instructor to guide and provide feedback 1

4 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER GENERAL CLEANER N.A. CLEANING N.A. 5 2 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours REMOVE LOOSE DUST AND DEBRIS FROM HARD FLOOR 1. Identify extent of dust and debris 2. Inform Supervisor of any discrepancies 3. Set up signboard at either end of the work area 4. Prepare broom, dust pan and dust control mop 5. Sweep debris into dust pan using broom 6. Clear debris into garbage bag 7. Dust mop the floor using figure 8 method 8. Push accumulated dust to side and dust off excess dirt from dust control mop 9. Sweep dust into dust pan 10. Clear dust into garbage bag Signboard must be placed at prominent place Remove loose dust and debris using broom and dustpan for 10 square metres within 30 minutes. Remove loose dust using 24 inch dust control mop for 100 square metres within 9 minutes. Knowledge Types of hard floor - Ceramic - Terracotta - Concrete - Slate - Vinyl Types of brooms Types of dust control mops Colour coding of brooms and mops Types of chemicals - Neutral - Alkaline - Sanitise solutions Health and safety procedures Skills Handling dust control mop Handling broom Using personal protective equipment Identifying type of hard floor Explain and Demonstrate Process of removing loose dust and debris from hard floor Dust mop using Figure 8 method Clearing debris into garbage bag Emphasise Setting up of signboard at prominent place Skills Practise Trainee to practise all task elements Instructor to guide and provide feedback 3

5 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER GENERAL CLEANER N.A. CLEANING N.A. 5 3 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 4 3 REMOVE SPILLAGE FROM HARD FLOOR 1. Block off affected area with signboard and tiger tape 2. Trace source of spillage and stop it from spreading 3. Inform Supervisor if spillage is not controllable 4. Place absorbent sponge to stop spillage from spreading into other areas 5. Set up wet and dry vacuum machine 6. Vacuum spillage from outside to inside 7. Empty spillage from vacuum drum into disposal bag 8. Repeat task element 6 until spillage is cleaned up Signboard must be placed at prominent place Check vacuum drum is emptied Check that there s no leakage Remove spillage using wet and dry vacuum machine for 100 square metres within 26 minutes. Knowledge Types of hard floor Ceramic Terracotta Concrete Slate Vinyl Colour coding of brooms and mops Types of chemicals Neutral Alkaline Sanitised solutions Health and safety procedures Types of vacuum machines Types of spillages Skills Handling wet and dry vacuum machine Using personal protective equipment Identifying type of hard floor Preparing chemicals Explain and Demonstrate Process of removing spillage from hard floor Importance of controlling spillage from spreading Cleaning up spillage from outside to inside Disposal of spillage into disposal bag Emphasise Setting up of signboard at prominent place Informing Supervisor if spillage is not controllable Skills Practise Trainee to practise all task elements Instructor to guide and provide feedback 5

6 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER GENERAL CLEANER N.A. CLEANING N.A. 5 3 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 9. Prepare bucket of water 10. Add appropriate chemical into bucket 11. Dip mop into bucket and rinse dry 12. Mop floor using Figure 8 method Rinse mop frequently to ensure clean mopping 13. Report to supervisor any defective areas 5

7 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER GENERAL CLEANER N.A. CLEANING N.A. 5 4 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 6 4 REMOVE IMPACTED SOIL FROM HARD FLOOR WITHOUT AID OF MACHINE 1. Identify type of flooring and impacted soil to be removed 2. Set up signboard at either end of the work area 3. Apply appropriate chemical onto cleaning cloth 4. Apply onto small corner of impacted soil 5. Report to Supervisor any unidentifiable impacted soil 6. Remove impacted soil with cleaning cloth 7. Prepare bucket of water 8. Add relevant chemical into bucket 9. Dip mop into bucket and rinse dry Signboard must be placed at prominent place Test on small corner and observe any change in colour of flooring Remove impacted soil from ceramic or marble floor using single solution for 10 square metres within 30 minutes. Remove impacted soil from slate floor using single solution for 10 square metres within 45 minutes. Knowledge Types of hard floor - Ceramic - Terracotta - Concrete - Slate - Vinyl Colour coding of mops Types of impacted soil Types of chemical - Neutral - Alkaline - Sanitised solutions Health and safety procedures Skills Using cleaning cloth Applying chemicals Identifying type of hard floor Preparing chemicals Mopping of floors Explain and Demonstrate Process of removing impacted soil from hard floor Test cleaning small area of impacted soil Application of types of chemical Emphasise Setting up of signboard at prominent place Safety procedures on handling chemicals Skills Practise Trainee to practise all task elements Instructor to guide and provide feedback Mop floor using Figure 8 method 11. Report to Supervisor any defective areas

8 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER GENERAL CLEANER N.A. CLEANING N.A. 5 5 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 5 REINSTATE WORK AREA 1. Remove all garbage / disposal bags from work area 2. Check work area is dry, clean and tidy 3. Remove sign from work area 4. Clean brooms, mops, buckets before replacing onto rack 5. Top up chemicals into container before replacing on rack Reinstate work area within 10 minutes. Knowledge Colour coding of mops and brooms Types of chemical - Neutral - Alkaline - Sanitise solutions Health and safety procedures Skills Cleaning brooms, mops, buckets, trolleys and vacuum machines Topping up chemicals Explain and Demonstrate Process of reinstating work area Cleaning of brooms, mops, buckets, trolleys and vacuum machines Topping up of chemical Emphasise Safety procedures on handling chemicals Return all other accessories on trolley to rack 7. Dispose of garbage bag to refuge center 8. Clean trolley and vacuum before storing them Check working condition of vacuum machine before storing Report to supervisor any faulty equipment Skills Practise Trainee to practise all task elements Instructor to guide and provide feedback

9 JOB TITLE General Cleaner ON-THE-JOB TRAINING SCHEDULE TRAINING From PERIOD To TOTAL TASKS 5 DEPARTMENT Cleaning INSTRUCTOR S NAME TELEPHONE UNIT N.A. DIVISION N.A. INSTRUCTOR S JOB TITLE NUMBER OF TRAINEES SN TASKS TRAINEE S NAME TRAINING SCHEDULE 1. Prepare for work activities 2. Remove loose dust and debris from hard floor 3. Remove Spillage from hard floor 4. Remove impacted soil from hard floors without aid of machine 5. Reinstate work area TOTAL TRAINING HOURS PR* OVERALL ASSESSMENT REMARKS DATE 10 TIME DURATION (Hr) PR* DATE TIME DURATION (Hr) PR* DATE TIME DURATION (Hr) PR* PREPARED BY APPROVED BY DESIGNATION SIGNATURE DESIGNATION SIGNATURE TELEPHONE DATE TELEPHONE DATE *Performance rating (PR): A - Very good B - Good C - Satisfactory D Inadequate

10 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING LOG BOOK TRAINEE S NAME DIVISION N.A. JOB TITLE General Cleaner INSTRUCTOR S NAME UNIT N.A. INSTRUCTOR S JOB TITLE DEPARTMENT Cleaning TELEPHONE Training Time Training SN Main Tasks Date From To Total Hours PR* Trainee Signature Instructor 1 Prepare for work activities 1 2 Remove loose dust and debris from hard floor Remove spillage from hard floor 5 4 Remove impacted soil from hard floor without aid of machine 4 5 Reinstate work area 2 OVERALL HOURS 15 PREPARED BY APPROVED BY PR. DESIGNATION SIGNATURE DESIGNATION SIGNATURE TELEPHONE DATE TELEPHONE DATE *Performance rating (PR): A - Very good B - Good C - Satisfactory D - Inadequate

11 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING BLUEPRINT INDUSTRY JOB TITLE CLEANING CLEANER MODULE CLEANING GENERAL WARDS Developed by SPRING Singapore in collaboration with ISS Servisystem Pte Ltd This blueprint provides training for the National Skills Certificate Level 3 in Cleaning General Wards Copyright 2003 Singapore Workforce Development Agency All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be produced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written permission.

12 JOB TITLE DEPARTMENT ON-THE-JOB TRAINING CURRICULUM Cleaner Housekeeping UNIT DIVISION TRAINING MODULE Cleaning General Wards TOTAL TASKS 5 TOTAL HOURS 24 SN MAIN TASKS HOURS PREPARE WORK ACTIVITIES CLEAN AND MAKE BED IN PATIENT ROOM CLEAN PATIENT ROOM CLEAN PATIENT BATHROOM AND TOILET REINSTATE WORK AREA PREPARED BY APPROVED BY DESIGNATION SIGNATURE DESIGNATION SIGNATURE TELEPHONE DATE TELEPHONE DATE 1

13 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER HOUSEKEEPING 5 1 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 2 1 PREPARE WORK ACTIVITIES 1. Check with supervisor on patient room to be cleaned 2. Check physical condition of trolley and cleaning supplies 3. Replenish appropriate cleaning supplies Check class of patient room to be cleaned Note types of spillage, soilage, stains, damages and consumables to be replenished in patient room and attached patient bathroom and toilet Ensure no parts of trolley are defective Check trolley is stable and wheels are rolling smoothly and quietly Check and isolate cleaning supplies and trolley Cover cuts and open wounds Wear gloves and covered shoes Place clean and dirty items on different shelves Dilute cleaning agent on top of tray Do not place personal belongings in trolley Do not over-stock cleaning supplies - place only appropriate chemicals, colour-coded equipment and consumables in trolley Prepare for work activities within 10 minutes according to established organisation procedures and established industrial hygiene, health, safety and security standards Knowledge Types, uses and dilution of cleaning agent including material safety data sheets Types and uses of equipment including colour coding Types and uses of consumables Usage of personal protective equipment and safety signs Importance of condition, movement and positioning of trolley for safety Usage of personal protective equipment Material safety data sheet Types of patient rooms Skills Using personal protective equipment Checking trolley and cleaning supplies for defects or damages Replenishing trolley with cleaning supplies Pushing and parking trolley Explain Basic hygiene practices Health and safety guidelines Trolley set-up Layout of general wards Explain & Demonstrate All task elements Worksheets 1-4 Skills Practice Trainee to practise all task elements at least 4 times Instructor to guide and provide feedback on trainee s performance 3

14 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER HOUSEKEEPING 5 1 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 3 4. Proceed to assigned patient room 5. Seek permission for entry Look out and give way to human traffic when pushing trolley Park trolley outside patient room at designated area without blocking entrance or movement along corridor Display safety sign outside patient's room without blocking entrance Announce arrival by 3 knocks and say Housekeeping If door of patient room is closed, wait for 10 seconds for response - If occupied, ask permission from patient to clean patient room - If unoccupied/no response, open door slowly before entering room Report to supervisor if patient refuses to let you clean patient room

15 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER HOUSEKEEPING 5 2 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 4 2 Clean and make bed in patient room 1. Strip bed of bed linen 2. Wipe pillow and mattress 3. Wipe bed frame Check and report item(s) left behind by patient Place used bed linen in colour-coded bag Report any defects/damages/stains to supervisor Apply appropriate cleaning agent on colour-coded cloth Turn off power supply of electronic bed Lock wheels of beds Adjust level of bed Lower bedside rails Wipe systematically in clockwise/anticlockwise direction Do not wet control panel of electronic bed Apply appropriate cleaning agent on colour-coded cloth Clean and make bed in patient room within 15 minutes according to established organisational procedures and established industrial hygiene, health, safety and security standards Knowledge Types of hospital beds Types of bed linen Procedures for cleaning hospital bed Procedures for hospital bed-making Procedures for disposal of torn and stain linen Procedures for lost and found items Hygiene, health and safety factors when cleaning and making hospital bed Skills Checking and reporting lost and found items Checking and reporting defects Cleaning hospital bed Making hospital bed Explain Types of hospital beds - Manual - Electrical Types of bed linen - Bedsheet - Pillow cover - Blanket Explain & Demonstrate All task elements Skills Practice Trainee to practise all task elements at least 4 times Instructor to guide and provide feedback on trainee s performance 6 4. Check bed linen Remove gloves when making bed Check and isolate stained or torn bed linen Select correct types and sizes of bed linen

16 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER HOUSEKEEPING 5 2 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 5 5. Lay fresh bed linen Lay correct side of bed linen on top of bed Tuck sheet neatly and firmly at all four corners of bed Fold corner of sheet at about 45 o Check no unsightly bulges are shown at four corners of bed sheet Bend knees when tucking in sheets Keep back posture straight when making bed Fluff pillow before slipping cover Fold opening of pillow under cover neatly Place opening of pillow cover away from room entrance Align and smoothen clean bed linen Place call bell next to pillow Lift up railings on both side of the bed after bed is made Turn on power supply of electronic bed Discard used linen into linen carrier

17 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER HOUSEKEEPING 5 3 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 6 3 CLEAN PATIENT ROOM 1. Remove stains/spillage on surfaces 2. Wipe furniture, furnishing, fixtures and fittings Wear gloves when cleaning patient room Remove stains and spillage by cleaning from outer to inner surface to minimise spread Dispose different types of wastes in appropriate colour-coded trash bags Use correct cleaning agent Apply appropriate cleaning agent on different surfaces Segregate clean and dirty cloths Work systematically in clockwise/anticlockwise direction Ensure no dirt, stains and marks are left on surfaces after wiping Position furniture, furnishing, fixtures and fittings correctly Report defects and items left by patients to supervisor Remove spillage of cleaning agent immediately Clean single patient room within 20 minutes according to established organisational procedures and established industrial on hygiene, health, safety and security standards Knowledge Types of hospital wastes and colourcoded disposal bags Procedures for cleaning patient room Procedures for reporting defects and lost-and-found items Hygiene, health and safety factors when cleaning patient room Skills Checking and reporting lost and found items Checking and reporting defects Cleaning patient room Explain Layout of general Wards - furnishings and furniture to be found in different class of patient room Types of hospital waste Basic hygiene practices Health and safety guidelines Explain & Demonstrate All task elements Worksheets 1,2, 4 & 5 Skills Practice Trainee to practise all task elements at least 4 times Instructor to guide and provide feedback on trainee s performance 6 3. Replenish and arrange patient s supplies and accessories Replace expired/wornout supplies Place complete range of supplies and accessories in correct positions

18 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER HOUSEKEEPING 5 3 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 7 4. Remove litter 5. Clean floor Do not pick litter with tongs Tie used trash bags and carry by neck Clean trash bin with appropriate colourcoded cloth and cleaning agent Dispose different types of waste materials in correct colour-coded bags Dispose sharp objects in sharp container and placed in biohazard bag Place new trash bag on trash bin Use appropriate cleaning agent and floor cleaning equipment Clean floor starting from furthest end from door Ensure no dirt, stains and marks are found on floor surface after cleaning Remove all cleaning supplies after cleaning patient room Place all cleaning supplies in designated areas in trolley after use

19 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER HOUSEKEEPING 5 4 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 8 4 CLEAN PATIENT BATHROOM AND TOILET 1. Seek permission for entry 2. Remove stains/spillage/ hair on surfaces Announce arrival by 3 knocks and say Housekeeping - If occupied, come back later to clean patient bathroom and toilet - If unoccupied / no response, open door slowly before entering patient bathroom and toilet Display safety sign outside of door Wear gloves when cleaning patient bathroom and toilet Use appropriate cleaning agent Remove spillage by cleaning from outer to inner surface to minimise spread Dispose different waste material in correct colour-coded trash bags Clean patient bathroom and toilet within 20 minutes according to established organisational procedures and established hygiene, health, safety and security standards Knowledge Types of hospital wastes and colourcoded disposal bags Procedures on cleaning patient bathroom and toilet Procedures on reporting defects and lost-and-found items Hygiene, health and safety factors when cleaning bathroom and toilet Skills Checking and reporting lost and found items Checking and reporting defects Cleaning patient bathroom and toilet Explain Layout of general wards - furnishings and furniture to be found in patient bathroom and toilet Basic hygiene practices Health and safety guidelines Types of hospital waste Worksheets 1,2, 4 & 5 Explain & Demonstrate All task elements Skills Practice Trainee to practise all task elements at least 4 times Instructor to guide and provide feedback on trainee s 6 3. Clean mirror, vanity top and sink Use appropriate colourcoded cloth and cleaning agent for different fixtures Ensure surfaces are clean and dry after cleaning Check no water mark on mirror after cleaning 4. Clean bathtub/shower fixtures Use appropriate colourcoded cloth and cleaning agent Ensure surfaces are clean and dry after cleaning

20 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER HOUSEKEEPING 5 4 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 9 5. Clean toilet bowl 6. Remove litter and soiled linen 7. Clean floor 8. Replenish bathroom and toilet supplies Use appropriate colourcoded cloth and cleaning agent Ensure surfaces are clean, free of odour and dry after cleaning Segregate clean and dirty cleaning supplies Do not pick litters with tongs Tie used trash bags and carry by its neck Dispose different types of waste material and used linen in correct colour-coded bags Dispose sharps in sharp container and placed in biohazard bag Place new trash bag on trash bin Use appropriate floor equipment and cleaning agent Ensure surfaces are clean, free of odour and dry after cleaning Remove all cleaning supplies are left in patient bathroom and toilet Remove gloves Position complete range of bathroom and toilet supplies correctly Remove safety sign only when floor of patient bathroom and toilet is dry

21 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER HOUSEKEEPING 5 5 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 10 5 REINSTATE WORK AREA 1. Inspect work completed 2. Leave patient room 3. Return all cleaning supplies Check surfaces are clean, dry and free of odour Check furniture, furnishings and patient supplies are positioned correctly Thank patient Close door gently Remove safety sign Remove water spillage on floor around and underneath trolley Look out and give way to human traffic when pushing trolley back to store Park trolley next to store at designated area without blocking entrance or movement along corridor Clean equipment and trolley Return cleaning supplies to designated areas in the store Reinstate work area within 10 minutes according to established organisational procedures and established industrial hygiene, health, safety and security standards Knowledge Types of discrepancies and appropriate reporting procedures Hygiene, health and safety factors when reinstating work area Skills Inspecting work completed Thanking patient before leaving patient room Unpacking cleaning supplies Cleaning trolley and equipment Disposing hospital wastes and used water Reporting discrepancies and faulty equipment Explain Types of discrepancies - faulty equipment - lost and found items Importance of proper hand washing technique Basic hygiene practices Health and safety guidelines Types of hospital waste Worksheets 1,2, 5 & 6 Explain & Demonstrate All task elements Skills Practice Trainee to practise all task elements at least 4 times Instructor to guide and provide feedback on trainee s 3 4. Dispose all waste and used water Dispose different colourcoded waste bags in different designated bins in utility room Dispose used water at correct outlet in utility room

22 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER HOUSEKEEPING 5 5 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 5 5. Wash hands 6. Report discrepancies to supervisor Wash hands with gloves on Remove gloves Wash hands again Report faulty equipment and lost-and-found items immediately 11

23 Worksheet 1 Basic Hygiene Practices Needs for Infection Control 1. Patients are susceptible to infection. 2. For everyone's safety. 3. To ensure that patients do not become infected with germs that should not be there. Germs Germs are everywhere, but do not harm everyone. Healthy people are more immune. The problem with germs is that sick people bring bacteria in with them and poor cleaning habits can produce more germs. Also germs can travel from area to area or person to person. This is called cross infection. Cross-Infection Occurs By: 1. Person to person - touching 2. Indirect - touching objects used by infected person 3. In the air - by attaching themselves to dust particles or to moisture (sneezes, coughs) 4. Eating and drinking 5. Injection - insects or infected syringes Germs Need Four Conditions to Thrive and Multiply 1. Warmth 2. Moisture 3. Time - to grow and reproduce every minutes (Overnight 1 = 1,000,000 bacteria) 4. Food To Prevent Cross-Infection 1. Deprive the germ of warmth, moisture, food and time. 2. Stop cross-infection by following the proper hospital protocols. 3. Use proper colour-coded system - segregate cleaning equipment, buckets, cloths, rubber gloves. Use only one colour in one type of area. A sample of use of colour-coded mops: Patient room (general ward) Toilet Isolation Room 12

24 A sample of use of colour-coded clothes: Patient room (general surfaces) Patient room (cardiac table, phone) Glass and mirror Toilet Isolation Room Personal Hygiene 1. Always ensure that uniforms are kept clean and are changed frequently. 2. Always ensure that hair is kept clean and washed regularly. 3. Keep jewellery to a minimum as bacteria can be harboured in settings. 4. Maintain wash hands frequently. Reporting Sickness 1. If you are sick, you must report to your supervisor as you can pass infection to a patient. Diarrhoea, sickness, chest infections and any open infections of the skin must be reported. 2. Hospital protocols must be followed at all times. Infection Always follow hospital infection policy. Do not bring in chemicals or disinfectants from home. Pest Infestation Pests carry germs, and any sightings of cockroaches, mice, ants, wasps must be reported. Ensure that any chemical laid down by pest control company is not removed or cleaned up unless instructed to do so. Waste/Linen Disposal Always follows hospital policy, using correct containers, bags and collection points. Never touch waste or linen with your bare hands. Always report cuts from waste (including needles) to your supervisor. 13

25 Worksheet 2 Health and Safety Guidelines It is your responsibility to take care of your health and safety and of others who might be affected by your work in the hospital. Your Responsibility 1. You must follow the accident reporting procedure. 2. Follow cleaning procedures taught, not using short cuts. 3. Wear protective clothing provided. 4. Use equipment safely. 5. Use cleaning agents safely, following the manufacturers instructions. 6. Use safety equipment provided. 7. Follow hospital policies and guidelines. In the Event of Accident: 1. Find out extent of injury. 2. Ensure electrical equipment is turned off and area is left in safe condition. 3. Report accident to your supervisor. 4. If you are injured, you will be sent to the Accident and Emergency Department. Wear Protective Clothing 1. Wear gloves when using chemicals. Failure to do this may result in burns. 2. Keep jewellery to a minimum and not to wear any jewellery that may become caught in machines. 3. Keep long hair tied back. 4. Wear flat covered shoes. 5. Ensure uniform is properly fastened. Use Electrical Equipment Safely 1. Clean machines thoroughly. Never use any equipment until trained in its use. 2. Always switch off at mains before connecting and disconnecting attachments. 3. Handle plugs without touching its metal pins. 4. Do not touch electrical equipment with wet hands. 5. Check equipment before and after use for faults. 6. Always report any faults to your supervisor and isolate the equipment. 7. Do not clutter up corridors. 8. Do not block fire exits and other escape routes. 9. Check attachments are on correct side before use. 10. Store equipment correctly and as advised by manufacturer. 11. Always display safety signs. 14

26 Use Manual Equipment Safely 1. Do not over-wet floors. 2. Always leave a passageway for people to walk over. 3. Always display safety signs. Use Cleaning Agents Safely 1. Do not pour cleaning agents into containers without labels or carrying different labels. 2. Always ensure that containers are clearly labelled. 3. Always ensure that containers are properly tightened after use. 4. Do not store cleaning agents are used frequently above head height. 5. Always keep cleaning agents under lock and key when not in use. 6. Do not smoke near cleaning agents. 7. Always follow manufacturers instructions. 8. Never mix cleaning materials. 9. Wear protective clothing as required. 10. Ensure rotation of stock (use oldest first). 11. Use correct cleaning agent for each task. 12. Dilute cleaning agent on top of tray. 13. Follow Material Safety Data Sheet on safe use of cleaning agent. Use Safety Equipment Provided 1. Safety signs 2. Rubber gloves and other necessary protective clothing 3. Step ladders. When using step ladders check that: Ledges are in good condition and of equal length. Steps are in good condition and dry Position is near to work area to avoid stretching or over-reaching Laid on firm, level base and not on loose material Dispose Waste Safely 1. Always replace full trash bag with a new correctly colour-coded one i.e. different colour for general, biohazard, radioactive and cytotoxic waste materials. 2. Do not mix bags e.g. a yellow bag inside a black bag. 3. Do not recycle any trash bag. 4. Do not push trash down the bag to make more room. 5. Always report corrosion or wear of a container. 6. Always report any scavenging of waste by vandals, thieves, children or animals. 7. Always report any sightings of pest infestation around disposal areas. 8. Never touch trash or used linen with bare hands and report any accident or cut however minor to your supervisor. 9. Hold trash bag by its neck away from your body. 10. Report any hazardous or possibly infected waste that has been disposed of in the wrong container. 11. Always check with your Supervisor if unsure of the disposal of any item. 15

27 Be Familiar with Hospital s Layout: 1. Fire evacuation procedures 2. General accident procedures 3. Location of fire alarms, fire extinguishers and routes 4. Location of spill kits Fire Prevention 1. Do not overload electrical sockets. 2. Do not place waste near heaters and radiators 3. Keep fire doors closed at all times. 4. Do not allow litter to accumulate. 5. Keep flammable liquids and aerosols away from heaters and radiators. 6. Always check electrical equipment is faulty. General 1. Report faulty flooring, blown light bulbs, broken furniture, loose screws, etc. 2. Remove or report spillage immediately. 3. Walk, do not run. 4. Look where you are going. 16

28 Worksheet 3 Trolley Set-Up Side of Trolley Top Shelf Caddie Set Green mop Yellow mop Dust control mop Clamp / high duster Safety Signs Mop bucket and wringer set Trash bin Blue bucket Green Cloth Blue Cloth Glass Cloth Door stopper Scrapper Tooth brush White Pad Cable tie Limpet bag Telephone spray Disinfectant Glass Cleaning Agent Multi-purpose degreaser Toilet brush Gloves Yellow Cloth Middle Shelf Toilet tissue Hand towel M-Fold Hand towel Bottom Shelf Tongs Colour-coded trash bags Counter brush & dustpan 17

29 Worksheet 4 Layout and Furnishing of General Wards 18

30 19

31 20

32 Worksheet 5 Types of Hospital Waste Clinical waste categorised into 2 types: 1. Classified as infectious waste if dressings or other waste dripping with blood, caked with blood or containing free flowing blood. 2. Classified as general as general waste if clinical waste does not fall under the description mentioned above. Infections waste - waste that is capable of causing disease. In order to define a substance as causing infection disease, one has to consider the basis epidemiobgie factors required for transmission of disease including dose, presence and virulence of pathogen, susceptibility of the host and a portal of entry. Biohazard waste - includes infections waste, pathological waste and sharps. Radioactive waste - solid, liquid and gases waste contaminated with radionudides. Cytotoxic waste - cytotoxic drugs used for cancer treatment in hospital/clinics. These drugs have the capability of altering generic material Pharmaceutical waste - pharmaceutical products and drugs that: 1. Have been returned from wards and patients. 2. Are outdated or contaminated; or 3. Are no longer required by the establishment Chemical waste - descended solid and liquid chemicals from diagnostic and experimental work and engineering services. General waste - office administrative waste, food waste, packing waste, wastewater from laundries and floor washing and other substances that do not pose a hazard problem during handling. Sharp box - needles syringes, blades, stitcher, cutter, open ampoules etc Symbols 21

33 Worksheet 6 Hand Washing Techniques Hand washing is an essential part of personal hygiene and is essential in preventing the transmission of infection. Proper hand washing and drying should be carried out: 1. Before and after preparing food 2. After going to the toilet 3. Before and after eating 4. After blowing your nose 5. After smoking 6. After using your hand when coughing or sneezing 7. For healthcare workers, after removing personal protective equipment (PPE) A general procedure for hand washing is shown in the chart below: 22

34 JOB TITLE Cleaner ON-THE-JOB TRAINING SCHEDULE TRAINING From PERIOD To TOTAL TASKS 5 DEPARTMENT Housekeeping INSTRUCTOR S NAME TELEPHONE UNIT DIVISION INSTRUCTOR S JOB TITLE NUMBER OF TRAINEES SN TASKS TRAINEE S NAME TRAINING SCHEDULE 1 Prepare work activities 2 Clean & make patient bed 3 Clean patient room 4 Clean patient bathroom and toilet 5 Reinstate work area TOTAL TRAINING HOURS OVERALL ASSESSMENT PR* REMARKS DATE TIME DURATION (Hr) PR* 23 DATE TIME DURATION (Hr) PR* DATE TIME DURATION (Hr) PR* PREPARED BY APPROVED BY DESIGNATION SIGNATURE DESIGNATION SIGNATURE TELEPHONE DATE TELEPHONE DATE *Performance rating (PR): A - Very good B - Good C - Satisfactory D - Inadequate

35 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING LOG BOOK TRAINEE S NAME DIVISION JOB TITLE Cleaner INSTRUCTOR S NAME UNIT INSTRUCTOR S JOB TITLE DEPARTMENT Housekeeping TELEPHONE SN Main Tasks Training Date Training Time From To Total Hours PR* Trainee Signature Instructor 1 Prepare work activities 3 2 Clean and make patient bed Clean patient room 6 4 Clean patient bathroom and toilet 6 5 Reinstate work area 3 PREPARED BY APPROVED BY OVERALL DESIGNATION SIGNATURE DESIGNATION SIGNATURE TELEPHONE DATE TELEPHONE DATE HOURS 17 PR* *Performance rating (PR): A - Very good B - Good C - Satisfactory D Inadequate

36 JOB TITLE DEPARTMENT ON-THE-JOB TRAINING CURRICULUM Cleaner Housekeeping UNIT DIVISION Carpets Support Services TRAINING MODULE Clean Carpets TOTAL TASKS 5 TOTAL HOURS 21 SN MAIN TASKS HOURS 1 PREPARE FOR WORK ACTIVITIES 2 2 SWEEP UP LOOSE DUST AND DEBRIS FROM CARPET 3 3 VACUUM THE CARPET USING A UPRIGHT VACUUM CLEANER 8 4 REMOVE SPILLAGE AND STAINS FROM CARPET 6 5 REINSTATE WORK AREA 2 1

37 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER CARPETS HOUSEKEEPING SUPPORT SERVICES 5 1 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 2 1 PREPARE FOR WORK ACTIVITIES 1. Check physical condition of trolley 2. Equip the trolleys with tools required 3. Exchange unusable tools with store man 4. Collect consumable items and chemicals from store man 5. Stock the trolley with consumable items and chemicals 6. Collect keys from housekeeping office if assigned area requires key access 7. Proceed to assigned work area Trolley is not shaky and does not produce noise when pushed Report to Supervisor if trolley is faulty Check that the tools are cleaned and safe to use Exchanges are done during store opening hours Consumable items and chemicals are collected during store collection hours No over-stocking of supplies and chemicals Remember to sign out the keys Complete preparation for work activities within 15 minutes The trolley set-up is done according to the organisational standards Knowledge Types and uses of cleaning tools Types and uses of consumable items Types and uses of chemicals, including colour coding if it is used Importance of checking tools and chemicals for safety Work area Procedures for handling keys Skills Checking the physical condition of trolley Equipping the trolley with tools, consumable items and chemicals Handling chemicals and reading labels, including Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Pushing the trolley to the assigned work area Explain & Emphasise Importance of checking the trolley for completeness and usage safety Worksheet 1 Explain Types and uses of cleaning tools, consumable items and chemicals Worksheet 2 Trolley set-up Worksheet 3 Proper ways of handling chemicals and reading labels Worksheet 4 Procedures for handling keys Worksheet 5 Demonstrate All task elements Skills Practice Trainee to practise all task elements at least 5 times Instructor to guide and give feedback 2

38 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER CARPETS HOUSEKEEPING SUPPORT SERVICES 5 2 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 3 2 SWEEP UP LOOSE DUST AND DEBRIS FROM CARPET 1. Place Cleaning in Progress sign at the entrance of the room 2. Pick up pieces of debris on the carpet using a broom and dustpan 3. Transfer the dust and debris on the dustpan to the trash bag on the trolley 4. When the trash bag is 2/3 full: tie the trash bag with a cable tie replace the trash bag with a new one transfer the trash bag to the rubbish holding area Position prominently whereby users will not walk in during cleaning Do not clean the carpet when the traffic is heavy The broom and dust pan should be dry to avoid staining the carpet Ensure this is done gently to prevent dust from flying Do not use hands to press on the trash bag Ensure gloves are worn when tying, replacing and transferring trash bag to holding area Ensure trash bag is placed neatly in the holding area Do not stack the trash bags Do not throw as the bag may give way, causing spillages Remove loose dust and debris within 5 minutes using a broom and dustpan for 100 square metre area, without damage to the carpet The area is cleaned to the Cleaning Performance Standards Any defects or areas that cannot be cleaned are reported to the Supervisor Knowledge Types and characteristics of carpets Importance of placing safety signages Importance of wearing gloves when handling trash bags Cleaning Performance Standards Skills Placing signages Removing loose debris and dust using broom and dustpan Transferring debris into trash bag Handling trash bags Cleaning method Basic communication skills for reporting faults and defects Explain Types and characteristics of carpets Worksheet 6 Method to handle trash bags that are full Worksheet 7 Cleaning performance standards Worksheet 8 Emphasise Importance of placing signages Importance of wearing gloves when handling trash bags Demonstrate All task elements 3 5. Remove Cleaning in Progress sign at the entrance of the room 6. Report any areas that cannot be cleaned, faults and defects to the Supervisor Skills Practice Trainee to practise all task elements at least 5 times Instructor to guide and give feedback

39 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER CARPETS HOUSEKEEPING SUPPORT SERVICES 5 3 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 4 3 VACUUM THE CARPET USING A UPRIGHT VACUUM CLEANER 1. Attach the plug of the vacuum cleaner onto the power point and switch on the power 2. Press the On button to start the vacuum cleaner 3. Vacuum the carpet 4. Press the Off button to stop the vacuum cleaner 5. Replace the vacuum bag when the vacuum bag is full 6. Dispose vacuum bag into the trash bag on the trolley 7. Use a wet cleaning cloth to clean the exterior of the vacuum cleaner 8. Report any areas that cannot be cleaned, faults and defects to the Supervisor Check that the plug is not chipped and the wires are not exposed Do not lay the cord across the room; lay it along the baseboard Do not touch the power point with wet hands Do it systematically, start from the end of the room Do not lift the cord while vacuuming in order to prevent people from tripping A noisy sound will be produced when the vacuum bag is full Check that the vacuum bag is tightly secured after it is replaced Ensure a mask is worn to prevent dust from flying to your noise Ensure a mask is worn to prevent dust from flying to your noise Complete vacuuming the carpet within 25 minutes using a 12 upright vacuum cleaner for 100 square metre area, without damage to the carpet The area is cleaned to the Cleaning Performance standards Any defects or areas that cannot be cleaned are reported to the Supervisor Knowledge Types of carpets synthetic and natural fibres Safety precautions for operating a vacuum cleaner Cleaning Performance Standards Skills Operating the upright vacuum cleaner Transferring vacuum bag into trash bag Cleaning method using the vacuum cleaner Basic communication skills for reporting faults and defects Explain Operation of the vacuum cleaner Changing the vacuum bag Worksheet 9 Cleaning method using the vacuum cleaner Worksheet 10 Cleaning performance standards Worksheet 8 Emphasise Importance of observing safety precautions when operating the vacuum cleaner Worksheet 9 Demonstrate All task elements Skills Practice Trainee to practise all task elements for 5 standard 100 square metres room Trainee to relate the safety precautions when handling the vacuum cleaner Instructor to guide and give feedback 8

40 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER CARPETS HOUSEKEEPING SUPPORT SERVICES 5 4 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 5 4 REMOVE SPILLAGE AND STAINS FROM CARPET 1. Place Cleaning in Progress sign prominently around area where spillage/stain is to be cleaned 2. Wear gloves 3. Determine spillage/stain: Fresh or dried up Food and beverage Body emissions Chemical-based substance 4. Apply Carpet Spot Remover on a dry clean cloth 5. Blot it over a small section (not exceeding 10 mm) at a corner of the carpet 6. If the colour dye of the carpet does not transfer to the cloth, blot it over the spillage/stain for 30 seconds 7. If the colour dye of the carpet transfers to the cloth, stop spotting immediately and inform the Supervisor For a fresh spillage (e.g. coffee) exceeding 10 mm, inform the Supervisor immediately for arrangement of wet pick-up vacuuming or carpet shampooing/ extraction Ensure carpet is tested for colourfastness before proceeding Ensure that spillage is contained and do not spread the spillage Complete cleaning of spillage/stain within 5 minutes for 5 spillages/stains not exceeding 10 mm, without damage to the hard floor The area is cleaned to Cleaning Performance standards Any areas that cannot be cleaned are reported to the Supervisor Knowledge Types of spillages i.e. food & beverage, body emissions, chemical-based substance Types of carpets Types of tools and chemicals to be used for cleaning spillages Importance of placing safety signages Importance of wearing gloves Cleaning Performance Standards Skills Placing signages Removing spillage/stain with a cloth and Spot Remover Testing the carpet for colourfastness Blotting Techniques Basic communication skills for reporting faults and defects Explain & Emphasise Importance of placing safety signage Importance of wearing gloves Explain and Show Types of spillages and stains Worksheet 11 Explain Method of removing different kinds of spillages/stains Importance of colourfastness test Types of tools and chemicals used Worksheet 12 Cleaning performance standards Worksheet 8 Demonstrate All task elements 4

41 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER CARPETS HOUSEKEEPING SUPPORT SERVICES 5 4 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 4 8. Remove gloves 9. Remove Cleaning in Progress sign after spillage/stain is cleaned 10. Report any spillage/stain that cannot be cleaned, faults and defects to the Supervisor Signages are removed only when the carpet is ready for use and has been prepared to the Cleaning Standards Skills Practice Trainee to practise all task elements on all types of spillages and stains, for 3 times for each type of spillage/stain Instructor to guide and give feedback 6

42 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TASK ANALYSIS JOB TITLE UNIT DEPARTMENT DIVISION TOTAL TASKS TASK NUMBER CLEANER CARPETS HOUSEKEEPING SUPPORT SERVICES 5 5 SN Main Task Task Elements Key Points Task Standards Skills & Knowledge Training Guidelines Hours 7 5 REINSTATE WORK AREA 1. Clean all the tools and equipment 2. Keep all tools, chemicals and unused consumable items in the trolley according to the trolley set-up 3. Complete all parts of the work report 4. Return any lost and found items immediately to the Supervisor 5. Proceed to the next task 6. If next task is the end of the shift: push the trolley to the holding area return keys to the Housekeeping office hand over any outstanding tasks to colleague or Supervisor before clocking out Check that the tools are cleaned and safe to use for the next user Never keep any lost and found items until the end of the shift Complete reinstating work area within 15 minutes The trolley set-up is done according to the organisational standards Knowledge Basic literacy to complete work report Procedures for handling keys Procedures for lost and found Importance of returning lost and found items immediately Importance of checking tools and chemicals for safety Holding area for trolley Skills Reinstating the trolley Cleaning the tools Completing work report Handling keys Handling lost and found items Reporting faults, defects and followups Pushing the trolley to the holding area Explain Method of completing work report Worksheet 13 Procedures for lost and found Worksheet 14 Procedures for handling keys Worksheet 5 Emphasise Importance of returning lost and found items immediately Importance of checking tools and chemicals for safety Demonstrate All task elements Skills Practice Trainee to practise all task elements at least five times Trainee to relate lost and found and handling keys procedures Instructor to guide and give feedback 2 Off-the-Job Training Explain Basic first Aid Worksheet 15

43 Worksheet 1 Checking The Trolley The trolley is contains the tools, equipment, chemicals and consumable items that you need during your work. Therefore, it is important that you take good care of the trolley, and check it every time before and after your work. Physical Condition Check Check that the trolley does not produce noise when pushed, not shaky and the body is firm and sturdy. Look out for missing parts (.e.g bumper) or screws. Completeness Check Check that you have all the cleaning supplies that you need. These include consumable items, chemicals that you need to use, cleaning tools and equipment. Maintenance Check Check that the trolley is wellmaintained and cleaned. A clean and tidy trolley gives a positive impression and shows that you take pride in your work. Storage Check Check that the trolley is parked in the designated storage place. The place should be checked for cleanliness and tidiness as well. 8

44 Worksheet 2 Types and Uses of Cleaning Tools, Consumable Items And Chemicals A. Cleaning Tools Type Use(s) Cobweb duster For dusting vertical surfaces and ceilings Wet Mop For mopping hard floor surfaces Bucket (Small) To contain water used for cleaning May be used to contain damp cloths and sponges Bucket (Large) To contain mopping solution for rinsing wet mop Wringer To remove excess water on mop heads Scrub Brush (Large) For scrubbing floor during washing Scrub Brush (Without For general scrubbing purposes extension pole) May be used to spot clean vertical surfaces and ceilings Broom For sweeping debris Dustpan To contain debris and dust Tong For picking up large pieces of debris Caddy Used to contain the chemical bottles Chemical bottles Used to contain the chemicals Hose Used to transport water from one point to another Cloths and pads For mechanically cleaning surfaces by hands Toilet Bowl Brush For cleaning the internal of toilet bowl Signages To warn people of wet floor or slippery surface To inform people cleaning is in progress Wet Mop Signages Wringer Bucket (Large) 9

45 Types and Uses of Cleaning Tools, Consumable Items And Chemicals (Continued) Bucket (Small) Cobweb duster Green pad Brush Tong Cleaning cloth Toilet bowl brush with container Caddy Chemical Bottles Ladder 10

46 Types and Uses of Cleaning Tools, Consumable Items And Chemicals (Continued) B. Consumable Items Type Use(s) Toilet Roll Used by customer for personal hygiene Paper Towels Used by customer to wipe hands Hand Soap Used as a soap to wash hands Trash Bags Used to contain trash Disposable Gloves Used when handling trash, during cleaning, or when handling potentially hazardous substances C. Chemicals Type Use(s) and Characteristics Alkaline/Neutral Cleaner Used as a general purpose cleaning Effective for most soils and dirt Normally safe for the hands Used with a slightly damp cloth Acid Cleaner Used mainly for toilet bowl Effective for soap and dirt built-ups Use with care; use gloves when handling acid cleaners May be used with a cloth, brush or toilet brush Glass Cleaner Used on glass surfaces Normally contains ammonia; need to use with care; use gloves when handling glass cleaners Used with a dry or slightly damp cloth May be mixed with water to form glass cleaning solution to wipe large pieces of glass surfaces Bleach Normally used as a whitening or cleansing agent Normally corrosive; need to handle with extreme care; use gloves and aprons when handling bleach Used with cleaning tools such as scrub brushes and the spray jet machine Stainless Steel/ Metal Used on chrome, stainless steel, aluminium and Polish general metal surfaces Normally contains abrasives; need to handle with care; use gloves when handling polishers Used with a dry cloth Disinfectant/Sanitizer Not classified as a cleaning agent, but is used to disinfect germs and bacteria Normally used in healthcare environments Normally safe for the hands Used with a dry or slightly damp cloth 11

47 Worksheet 3 Trolley Set-Up Before stocking up the trolley: Check that it is not shaky and it does not produce noise when pushed Report to Supervisor if trolley is faulty Scrub brush and squeegee Top Shelf: (from left) Alkaline cleaner - All Purpose Cleaner (1), Acid Cleaner - Toilet Duck (1), Disinfectant (1), Bowl brush with container (1), 2.5 litre-bucket (1), cleaning cloths (4) High duster and floor duster Before the end of the shift: Clean all tools and equipment Replenish consumable items Push trolley back to holding area 2 Signages (hanged) Second shelf: Trash liners (Large and small), gloves (8) Third shelf: Consumable Items Toilet roll (6), paper towels (4), soap refills (4), Toilet Cards (12) Wringer bucket with wet mop Bucket filled with half water (5 litres)and 250 ml of disinfectant Trash bag with large liner Bottom shelf: Air freshener (1), Spare mop heads (3), All Purpose Cleaner refill (1), brushes (2), tongs (1), hose (1) 12

48 Worksheet 4 Handling Chemicals A. Safety Precautions for Handling Chemicals 1. Product labels must be on bottles. Do not use a chemical without label. 2. Read product labels for use and safety information, including Material Safety data Sheet (MSDS). 3. Never mix chemical products. 4. Never inhale chemical products. 5. Match colours, names and labels before filling bottles for chemical dispenser. 6. Wear proper personal protective equipment when handling chemicals. 7. Wear proper personal protective equipment B. Chemical Labels and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) There are two major sources of information about chemicals. One is the MSDS and the other, the label on the container. Both the MSDS and chemical label provides information including the: name of the chemical and the synonyms (if available) health, fire and other hazards safe work procedures for using the chemical and cautions to be observed when using the chemical. A sample of a MSDS (for All Purpose Cleaner) is given below: SECTION I Product (Trade) Name - All Purpose Cleaner Manufacturer's Name - The ABC Company Address - ABC Way; Ports down, IL 12345, USA Emergency Telephone No - 1/800/ Chemical Name and Synonyms - N/A Chemical Family - N/A Formula - N/A DOT Hazard Class - Combustible Liquid, N.O.S. (Isopropyl Alcohol) DOT ID Number - NA1993 SECTION II -- HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS Listed As Carcinogenic OSHA ACGIH ACGIH By IARC, NTP Ingredient C.A.S. No. Wt. by % PEL TLV-TWA STEL OSHA, ACGIH Propylene glycol methyl ether ppm 100ppm 150ppm No Dipropylene glycol methyl ether ppm* 100ppm* 150ppm* No Isopropyl alcohol ppm 400ppm 500ppm No * skin designation 13

49 In accordance with OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard, ingredients listed in this section are those identified as being hazardous and present at concentrations greater than 1%, or greater than 0.1% if the substance is a listed carcinogen. Information concerning ingredients identified as "Proprietary" will be made available as provided in 29 CFR (i). SECTION III -- PHYSICAL DATA Boiling Point (of): N/D Specific Gravity (H2O=1): 1.00 Vapor Pressure (mm hg): N/D % Volatile by Weight: 98% Vapor Density (Air=1): N/D Evaporation Rate (H2O=1): N/D Solubility in Water: Soluble ph of Concentrate: 5.1 ph Diluted for Use: Appearance and Odor: Green liquid with a clean floral odor. SECTION IV -- FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA Flash Point (Tag. Closed Tester): 143oF Flammable Limits: LEL UEL N/A N/A Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, alcohol foam. Special Fire Fighting Procedures: Wear SCBA when fighting fires involving chemicals. Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards: Containers may rupture from heat of fire. Use water spray to cool containers. SECTION V -- HEALTH HAZARD DATA Primary Route(s) of Exposure: Skin and eye contact. Threshold Limit Value: N/D for mixture. See Section II for TLV's of hazardous ingredients. Effects of Overexposure: - Acute: By Inhalation - Excessive inhalation of vapours may cause irritation, dizziness. By Eye Contact - Causes eye irritation, redness, blurred vision. Corneal damage unlikely. By Ingestion - Slightly toxic by ingestion of large amounts. May cause nausea, gastrointestinal irritation, diarrhoea. By Skin Contact - May cause slight irritation. - Chronic: Prolonged skin contact can cause skin irritation. - Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure: None known. Emergency and First Aid Procedures: For Inhalation - Remove to fresh air. For Eye Contact - Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eye lids to ensure flushing of entire surface. If irritation persists, get medical attention. For Ingestion - If swallowed, drink 2-3 large glasses of water. Do not induce vomiting. Get immediate medical attention. For Skin Contact - Flush affected area with plenty of water. Remove contaminated clothing and launder before reuse. SECTION VI -- REACTIVITY DATA Stability: Stable. Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flame. Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid): Strong oxidizing agents, ketones, strong acids. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Upon combustion, may emit carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur. SECTION VII -- SPILL OR LEAK PROCEDURES Steps To Be Taken In Case Material Is Released Or Spilled: Eliminate all sources of ignition. Wear proper personal protective equipment (SECTION VIII). Small amounts may be diluted with water and washed away to sanitary sewer. For large amounts, add absorbent material. Sweep up using nonsparking equipment and containerize for disposal. Waste Disposal Method: For large amounts, containerize and consign material to a licensed waste hauler for disposal as nonhazardous waste. Dispose of all waste in accordance with local, State, and Federal regulations. Hazardous Waste Classification: N/A SECTION VIII -- SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION For Handling Product as Supplied: Respiratory Protection - Not normally required. Ventilation - Normal ventilation is satisfactory. Protective Gloves - Rubber gloves. Eye Protection - Chemical splash goggles. Other Protective Equipment - Wear protective equipment as needed to prevent skin contact. For Handling Product After Dilution For Use: Respiratory Protection - Not normally required. Ventilation - Normal ventilation is satisfactory. Protective Gloves - Rubber gloves. Eye Protection - Not normally required. Other Protective Equipment - Wear protective equipment as needed to prevent skin contact. SECTION IX -- SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS Precautions To Be Taken In Handling And Storing: Keep away from heat, sparks and open flame. Store product in a cool, dry area. Other Precautions: Wash hands thoroughly after use. Keep out of reach of children. SECTION X ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SARA 313 Information: This product contains the following substances which are subject to the reporting requirements of Section 313 of Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) and 40 CFR 372: Chemical Name CAS Number Concentration Glycol Ethers <10% 14

50 Worksheet 5 Procedures For Handling Keys 1. If your work area requires key access, proceed to the Housekeeping Office. 2. Collect the keys from Supervisor/Administrative Officer in the Housekeeping Office. 3. Obtain the Keys Sign-In/Sign-Out Book. 4. Fill out the information required from Columns 2 to 5: SN Name Date Time Out Initial Time In Initial Remarks Hang the keys pouch on your belt/trousers. 6. Proceed to work. 7. After the shift, return the keys to the Supervisor/Administrative Officer in the Housekeeping Office. 8. Obtain the Keys Sign-In/Sign-Out Book. 9. Fill out the information required from Columns 6 and 7: SN Name Date Time Out Initial Time In Initial Remarks The Remarks column (Column 8) is meant for the Supervisor/Administrative Officer to write any remarks. 15

51 Worksheet 16 Types And Characteristics Of Carpets A. Fibres Carpets are basically made from either synthetic fibres or natural fibres. Synthetic Fibres: Polypropylene, Rayon, Polyester Resist stains, mildews and moisture Difficult to over-wet Natural Fibres: Jute, Cotton Damaged by moisture Supports mildew growth 16

52 Types And Characteristics Of Carpets (Continued) B. Carpet Construction Woven Carpets Tufted Carpet Loop and Cut Pile Carpet 17

53 Worksheet 7 Handling Trash A. Importance of Handling Trash With Care Many different materials are used in our work place every day. Some of these materials, especially in a healthcare facility, are hazardous. This means that these materials, when come in contact with our bodies, will cause harm or injury. Therefore, it is important that we handle trash with care. B. Safety Precautions for Handling Trash 1. Ensure gloves are worn when tying, replacing and transferring trash bag to holding area. 2. Do not use your hands, legs or any parts of your body to support the trash bag. If the trash bag is too heavy, seek assistance from a colleague to transfer it to the trash holding area. Tie trash bags and place them neatly in the trash holding area. 3. Ensure trash bag is placed neatly in the holding area. 4. Do not stack the trash bags as this may cause the trash bag to topple or give way. 5. Do not throw the bag as this may cause the trash bag to give way, causing spillages. C. Procedures for Handling Trash 1. When the trash bag is 2/3 full: i. Tie the trash bag with a cable tie ii. Replace the trash bag with a new one (general waste bags are usually black or transparent) iii. Transfer the trash bag to the designated rubbish holding area 2. Remember to clean the bins periodically before replacing bins with new trash bags. 18

54 Worksheet 8 Cleaning Performance Standards Inspection unit Element Quality standards Entrance and lobby Door surface / frame / closer Free of dust and stains. Stripes, from shoes are not considered as fault. For doors special attention ought to be given to the area around the handle. If, however, stripes resulting from cleaning are observed, this is assessed as a wrong method. Floor Smooth floors shall be free of dust and stains. Rough dirt shall not appear on floor. An isolated stain may be present. Textile floor coverings shall be free of visible loose dirt. Wall / partition Free of dust and stains. Frame in which the partition is mounted, shall be free of dust and stains. Special attention ought to be given to the lines of attachment between the partition and its frame. Skirting board Some light dust permitted. Glass / window Some light dust may be present. Fitting / furniture Some light dust is permitted. Switches / signages Free of dust and stains. Fire hose reel / extinguisher Some light dust may be present. Corridor Door surface / frame / closer Free of dust and stains. Stripes, from shoes are not considered as fault. For doors special attention ought to be given to the area around the handle. If, however, stripes resulting from cleaning are observed, this is assessed as a wrong method. Floor Smooth floors shall be free of dust and stains. Rough dirt shall not appear on floor. An isolated stain may be present. Textile floor coverings shall be free of visible loose dirt. Wall / partition Free of dust and stains. Frame in which the partition is mounted, shall be free of dust and stains. Special attention ought to be given to the lines of attachment between the partition and its frame. Skirting board Some light dust permitted. Glass / window Some light dust may be present. Fitting / furniture Some light dust is permitted. Switches / signages Free of dust and stains. Fire hose reel / extinguisher Some light dust may be present. Staircase Door surface / frame / closer Free of dust and stains. Stripes, from shoes are not considered as fault. For doors special attention ought to be given to the area around the handle. If, however, stripes resulting from cleaning are observed, this is assessed as a wrong method. Floor Smooth floors shall be free of dust and stains. Rough dirt shall not appear on floor. An isolated stain may be present. Textile floor coverings shall be free of visible loose dirt. Wall / partition Free of dust and stains. Frame in which the partition is mounted, shall be free of dust and stains. Special attention ought to be given to the lines of attachment between the partition and its frame. Steps Free of dust, stains and debris. Railings Free of dust and stains. Switches / signages Free of dust and stains. 19

55 Cleaning Performance Standards (Continued) Inspection unit Element Quality standards Washroom Door surface / frame / closer Free of dust and stains. Stripes, from shoes are not considered as fault. For doors special attention ought to be given to the area around the handle. If, however, stripes resulting from cleaning are observed, this is assessed as a wrong method. Floor Free of dust and stains. On floors with tiles, some light dust may be present at the separation between floor and wall. Partition / Wall Free of dust and stains. Frame in which the partition is mounted, shall be free of dust and stains. Special attention ought to be given to the lines of attachment between the partition and its frame. Glass panel / window Some light dust may be present. Mirror Free of dust and stains. Stripes resulting from cleaning are assessed as wrong method. Fitting / fixtures Some light dust is permitted. Switches / power point / signage Free of dust and stains. Wash hand basin Free of dust and stains. Taps free of stains. No hair, etc. on the sieve in the drain hole. If the drainpipe is included in the daily programme, it shall be free of dust and stains. If the inside of the washbasin is polluted with skinfat or chalksoap sediment, this is made visible by allowing running water along the surface. If the washbasin is correctly cleaned, the water runs as a film along the wall to the drain point. If the washbasin was not correctly cleaned, the water runs in a broken stream with drops downwards along the wall. Hand dryer Free of dust and stains. Toilet bowls Inside shall be free of stains. Chalk sediment shall not be present. Outside of the toilet bowl shall be free of dust and stains. Special attention ought to be given to the attachment of the seat to the toilet bowl, where the drain pipe leaves the bowl and the base of the bowl with its fixing screws. Toilet seats Both upper and lower side shall be free of dust and stains. Special attention ought to be given to the hinges and fixing points. Urinals Inside shall be free of stains. Chalk sediment shall not be present. Outside of the urinal shall be free of dust and stains. Flushing devices Handles of the flushing device, a low mounted cistern and the connection of the flush pipe at the toilet bowl or urinal, shall be free of dust and stains. The remainder of the installation, such as a high mounted cistern, must look clean; a little stains or some light dust may be present. Shower NOTE: The shower is divided into three elements: - shower installation - shower/wet floor including the drain point - shower wall All the above elements shall be free of dust and stains. Drain hole free of hair and other dirt. If the interior of the shower is polluted with skinfat or chalksoap sediment, this is made visible by allowing running water along the shower wall. If the shower is correctly cleaned, the water runs as a film along the wall to the drain point. If the shower was not correctly cleaned, the water runs in a broken stream with drops downwards along the walls. 20

56 Cleaning Performance Standards (Continued) Inspection unit Element Quality standards Washroom (cont d) Towel dispenser Free of dust and stains. Some towel dispensers are made of plastic that may become electrostatic by rubbing. If some dust is shown on such a dispenser, this is a fault in the category wrong equipment. If the cleaning firm takes care of the new supplies, the dispenser ought to be sufficiently filled. Soap dispenser Free of dust and stains. If the cleaning firm takes care of the new supplies, the dispenser ought to be sufficiently filled. Toilet paper dispenser Free of dust and stains. If the cleaning firm takes care of the new supplies, the dispenser ought to be sufficiently filled. Toilet paper holder Free of dust and stains. If the cleaning firm takes care of the new supplies, the holder ought to be sufficiently filled. Bins Litter shall be emptied. Some rubbish (e.g. one or two paper towels from the cleaning personnel) may be present. Inside need not be spotless, but shall show no sediment or sticked dirt. This also applies to the lid, if any. If the litter is provided with an inner plastic sack, the foregoing applies to the plastic sack. Outside of the lid, if any, shall be free of dust and stains. Some spots may be present on the outside of the litter. Elevator Floor / Wall / Door Floor of the lift free of dust. A single small stain is permitted. Lift wall and the operation panel shall be free of dust and stains. Mirror Free of stains. Free of finger marks. Elevator ledges and lights Free of dust. Lift track Free from loose debris. Escalator Glass Some light dust may be present. Free from finger marks. Handrails Free from dust. Free from stains. Structure Some light dust may be present. Free from permanent stains. Landing Free from debri. Track gloves need not be spotless but shall show no sediment or sticked dirt. Steps Free from debri. Track gloves need not be spotless but shall show no sediment or sticked dirt. Management office Door surface / frame / closer Free of dust and stains. Stripes, from shoes are not considered as fault. For doors special attention ought to be given to the area around the handle. If, however, stripes resulting from cleaning are observed, this is assessed as a wrong method. Floor Smooth floors shall be free of dust and stains. Rough dirt shall not appear on floor. An isolated stain may be present. Textile floor coverings shall be free of visible loose dirt. Wall / partition Free of dust and stains. Frame in which the partition is mounted, shall be free of dust and stains. Special attention ought to be given to the lines of attachment between the partition and its frame. Skirting board Some light dust permitted. Glass / window Some light dust may be present. 21

57 Cleaning Performance Standards (Continued) Inspection unit Element Quality standards Management office (cont d) Fitting / furniture Light dust is permitted. Free of dust and stains. Switches / signages Free of dust and stains. Fire hose reel/ extinguisher Some light dust may be present. Waste paper basket Litter shall be emptied. Some rubbish (e.g. one or two paper towels from the cleaning personnel) may be present. Inside need not be spotless, but shall show no sediment or sticked dirt. This also applies to the lid, if any. If the litter is provided with an inner plastic sack, the foregoing applies to the plastic sack. Outside of the lid, if any, shall be free of dust and stains. Some spots may be present on the outside of the litter. Pantry Table free of stains. Floor free of stains. Dispenser free of stains. Ceilings Light fittings Free from finger marks. Free from stains. Free from dust. Air vents Free from dust. Free from stains. Ceiling boards Free from dust. Free from stains. Ducting Free from dust. Free from stains. Trunkings and piping Free from dust. Free from stains. Planter Boxes Free of cigarette butts. Free of litter and debri. External facade Wall Free from permanent pollutants. Glass surfaces Free from finger marks. Free from water marks. Free from permanent pollutants. Roof top Roof surface Free from sand. Rainwater outlets Free from litter. Gutter Free from debris. Pavement & compound, driveway, carpark and side walk Free from sand. Free from litter. Free from non-organic debris. Free from stains. Dry. Landscape area Free from litter. Free from dry leaves and branches. Free from non-organic debris. Drains Free from sand. Free from soil. Free from litter. Handrails Free from dust. Free from stains. Bin centre / bin chute Free from litter and debris. Walls free from stains and dried waste. No foul smell. Bins Free from smell. Less than ½ filled with refuse. No external stains. Loading and unloading bay Floor dry. Free from loose litter. Free from sand. Free from oil stains or chemical residue. 22

58 Worksheet 9 Operating The Vacuum Cleaner A. Procedures for Operating the Vacuum Cleaner Attach the plug of the vacuum cleaner onto the power point and switch on the power. 2. Press the On button to start the vacuum cleaner. 3. Vacuum the carpet. 4. Press the Off button to stop the vacuum cleaner. 5. Replace the vacuum bag when the vacuum bag is full. 6. Dispose vacuum bag into the trash bag on the trolley. 7. Use a wet cleaning cloth to clean the exterior of the vacuum cleaner. B. Importance of Safety Precautions When Handling the Vacuum Cleaner This is probably one of the most common electrical appliances you will handle in your job. Handling it properly will not only prevent you from any injury, it will prevent other people getting injured as a result of mishandling. On top of that, observing safety precautions will make your job more effective and productive. C. Safety Precautions to Observe 1. Check that the plug is not chipped and the wires are not exposed. 2. Do not lay the cord across the room; lay it along the baseboard. 3. Do not touch the power point with wet hands. 4. Do it systematically, start from the end of the room. 5. Do not lift the cord while vacuuming in order to prevent people from tripping. 6. A noisy sound will be produced when the vacuum bag is full. Stop the machine immediately. 7. Check that the vacuum bag is tightly secured after it is replaced. 8. Ensure a mask is worn to prevent dust from flying to your noise. 23

59 Worksheet 10 Cleaning Method Using The Vacuum Cleaner To-and-fro in U-format 1. Start from the edges of the room, in one direction from the door 2. Cover rest of the room in U-shapes, working out towards the door Door General Guidelines 1. Always start from the back of the room, and work towards the door. 2. Find the power point that is nearest to you, and remember, do not stretch the wires too far. 3. Start from the edges or corners, and then cover the rest of the room or area. 4. Do not vacuum the carpet when the traffic is heavy. 24

60 Worksheet 11 Types Of Spillages And Stains Finger marks Dirt on hands, when in contact with vertical or glass surfaces, cause finger marks Considered light soil Can be cleaned with Carpet Cleaner Body emissions Food and Beverage Food and beverage stains are usually transferred by hands or spillages Considered light soil Can be cleaned with Carpet Cleaner Usually caused by emissions from sick people suffering from diarrhoea, nausea, cough May come in the form of vomit, faeces, urine, mucus, body fluids, blood Need to disinfect carpet after cleaning Water marks Caused by dried up excess water or water splashes on vertical or glass surfaces Considered light soil Carpet should be shampooed Carbon Usually caused by emissions from sooth and kitchen hood, or areas exposed to smoke Causes staining on surfaces May be difficult to remove, and may require treatment such as carpet shampooing/extraction Grease stain Algae Caused by still water or cultures exposed to air for a long period; slimy lime scales look Carpet will normally smell Should be deeply cleaned by treatment such as carpet extraction Caused by areas exposed to oil, grease and carbon, commonly found in factories, industrial areas and kitchen Causes staining on carpet surfaces May be difficult to remove, and may require treatment such as carpet shampooing/extraction 25

61 Worksheet 12 Removing Spillages And Stains On Carpets A. Importance of Colourfastness Test Spot cleaning usually requires some form on mechanical action and agitation on the carpet surfaces. It is done with chemicals. The mechanical action and chemicals may have effects on the surfaces. Many painted surfaces, especially, are damaged as a result of spot cleaning. Therefore, it is important to carry out a colourfastness test on a small spot at the corner before carrying out spot cleaning. B. Carrying Out Colourfastness Test 1. Spray Carpet Cleaner on a piece of cloth. 2. Blot the cloth over a small section (not exceeding 10 mm) at the corner of the carpet surface for 30 seconds. 3. If the colour dye of the carpet appears fine after the test, proceed with spot cleaning. 4. If the colour dye of the carpet transfers to the cloth, stop spot cleaning and inform the Supervisor for advice. 5. Always remember to blot over surface, not rubbing, as the rubbing agitation may cause damage to the carpet surface. C. Procedures for Spot Cleaning 1. Wear gloves. 2. Determine the stain/spillage. 3. Carry out the colourfastness test. 4. Spray Carpet Cleaner on a piece of dry cloth. 5. Blot the cloth over the spillage/stain for 30 seconds. 6. The spillage/stain should be transferred to the cloth. Carry on spot cleaning other parts until all spillages/stains are removed. 7. Leave the surface to dry. 8. Remove gloves. 9. Report any spillage/stain that cannot be cleaned to the Supervisor for advice. 26

62 Worksheet 13 Work Report Work Report Name Date Area: Crash Programme/Projects Done: Remarks (Defects/Follow-up Needed): Signature: Received by: 27

63 Worksheet 14 Procedures For Lost And Found Upon finding any lost items, you should immediately report the incident to: Supervisor or Administrator (e.g. nurse, receptionist) or Security You should note whom you return the item to, and at what time, in case further investigations or enquiries are required. You should provide information such as Where you found it When you found it Who found it (if it is not found by you) The Supervisor or Administrator will then arrange for the items to be returned to the owner or the Security Department. Remember It is important that we return lost and found items immediately, and not hold it until the end of the shift, as the customer or owner may come and collect while you may be still working. Honesty goes a long way in portraying the professional image of a Cleaner, so please do not keep any lost and found items. 28

64 Worksheet 15 Basic First Aid In the course of work as a cleaner, any injury or sudden illness may happen. It is therefore, necessary to know what to do during these situations before professional medical help arrives. Your Responsibility When you come across someone who is injured, it is advised that you take the following 3 steps: 1. Assess the situation Ask: a. What happened? (e.g. someone slipped and fell in the toilet) b. When it happened? (e.g. 2 p.m., 5 minutes after I cleaned the toilet) c. Who is involved? (e.g. I witness the situation, no one else was around) d. How it happened? (e.g. the person did not notice the wet floor and the Wet Floor sign) 2. Arrange, without delay, for assistance. Get the supervisor, administrator or any member of the staff to come to the situation immediately. If medical help is required, call the emergency hotline or 995 for ambulance. 3. Answer any questions from the supervisor, administrator and police (if present), based on your assessment of the situation (Step 1). Do not speak with the media, press or public without permission from the supervisor or administrator. When you are injured during work, the same 3 steps should be taken. It is important that you report every incident, no matter how minor. 29

65 Common Situations There are 5 common situations that you may come across during your work. They are bleeding, slip and fall, chemical contact, body emissions (vomit and diarrhoea) and fainting. Bleeding When you come across someone who is bleeding, use your hand or thumb and a clean gauze or dressing to apply direct pressure on the wound. The idea is to prevent the flow to blood to the cut or wound. If no gauze or dressing is available, use a clean laundered handkerchief, towel or linen. Applying direct pressure on the wound using a clean gauze When you get a cut or get wounded during work, the same steps apply. You may want to seek assistance from your colleague or supervisor. If it is a minor cut, wash it under running water and place a medicated plaster or dressing over it. Report the incident to the supervisor. Sometimes, bleeding can be caused by a puncture such as a needle or sharp object. In this case, remove the sharp, squeeze out some blood, place the wound under running water for two minutes and cover the wound with a clean gauze or dressing. This must be reported to the supervisor or administrator or nurse in a healthcare facility immediately. In a healthcare facility, especially when pricked by a needle, medical check-up may be required. When pricked by a sharp, squeeze out some blood and wash your hands under running water 30

66 Slip and Fall As much as we want to prevent slips and falls, we must learn what to do when such a case happens. When you fall, try to get up using the support of a wall or object and report to the supervisor immediately. When it is too painful for you to get up, shout for help. Someone will come to your assistance shortly. When you see someone falls, attend to him/her immediately. If the person agrees and does not feel extreme pain, bring him/her to a place where he/she can sit or lie down. Arrange for medical attention. If the person complains of extreme pain or you suspect a bone injury such as fracture, stay on the spot and shout for help. Reassure the person that medical help is on the way. Get someone to call the emergency hotline or/and ambulance. Chemical Contact When in contact with hazardous chemicals, such as an acid cleaner or bleach, wash the contact surface in running water for about five minutes. Report to supervisor for medical attention to be carried out. Flush skin surface under running water during a hazardous chemical contact 31

67 If the chemical comes into contact with the eye, flush with plenty of water. Again, this must be reported immediately to the supervisor. It is advisable to seek medical attention for any incidents involving the eyes. Flushing the eye under running water during a chemical contact The same first aid should be applied for any other people that come into contact with hazardous chemicals. Prevention is still a better alternative. Handle all chemicals with care and wear appropriate protective equipment during your work. Body Emissions (Vomit and Diarrhoea) When you suffer from vomit or/and diarrhoea, see a doctor immediately. Where possible, dispose these substances in the toilet bowl and flush away. Disinfect the affected areas with a disinfectant. When you see someone vomiting or passing out faeces, advise the person the see the doctor immediately. Do not give any food or drink or milk to the person. If the person vomits due to alcohol intoxication, get the person to sit or lie down in an open airy place and report to the supervisor for further action. It is important to note that all body emissions should not come into contact with you. This would mean wearing gloves and masks when you clean up vomit, faeces and even urine. Clean up all tools used after cleaning, and disinfect them if possible. 32

68 Fainting Fainting happens when there is not enough flow of blood to the brain, and it usually lasts only for a few minutes. Fainting may be due to tiredness, lack of food or water and emotional upset. When you feel giddy and your breathing or heartbeat slows down, stop your work immediately and locate a place where the ventilation is good. Sit down in a place with your head lowered. Take deep breaths. Call for assistance from the supervisor. If you see someone who has fainted, lie the person down in a shade and loosen any tight clothing. Fan the person with a cloth, bandage or paper. When the person recovers consciousness, sit the person up and encourage him/her to take deep breaths. If the person complains of pain, it may be due to injuries sustained while falling, so do not move the person unnecessary and report the incident to the supervisor for arrangement for medical help. When someone has fainted, lie the person down in a shaded and well-ventilated area and loosen tight clothing. When the person recovers consciousness, sit the person up and encourage him/her to take deep breaths. 33