HVAC SYSTEMS FOR HOSPITAL BUILDINGS

Transcription

1 HVAC SYSTEMS FOR HOSPITAL BUILDINGS Dr. Eng. Ioan Silviu Doboși, KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

2 CITY HOSPITAL SFANTUL SPIRIDON MIOVENI, DACIA BOULEVARD NR 131, ARGES COUNTY KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

3 BENEFICIARY Mioveni City City Council GENERAL CONTRACTOR The association of companies: Guerrato SPA SC Medicare Technisc SA ITAL TBS Telematic & Nbiomedical Services SPA (TBS Group SPA) SC Editronic International SRL SC Eyecom Medical SRL GENERAL DESIGNER The association of companies: SC Doset Impex SRL SC Real Design Proiect SRL NV-SV Perspective KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

4 ARCHITECTURE General Data Existant hospital: Building for medical analysis laboratory and pharmacy Building for Pediatrics Building for EAU, recovery and balneophysiotherapy Building for internal medicine Building for administration and laundry Building for radiology and administrative service Isolated buildings: archive, shed, garage, oxygen storehouse, morgue, other annexes The buildings marked with red will remain functional after the opening of the new hospital. NV-SV Perspective KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

5 ARCHITECTURE General Data NEW HOSPITAL BUILDING PLOT AREA A P = m 2 FOOTPRINT AREA - A F = 2676,45 m 2 GROSS FLOOR AREA (including basement) - A DT = 17127,47 m 2. LAND TO BUILDING PERCENTAGE - LBP = 20.23% FLOOR AREA RATIO - FAR =1,29 NUMBER OF BEDS HEIGHT REGIME OF B+G+6F (basement, ground and 6 floors) SV-SE Perspective KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

6 ARCHITECTURE STRUCTURE General Data The building is constructed with reinforced concrete columns and diaphragms, reinforced concrete floors and terrace-type roof. The perimetral walls are made of concrete and brick masonry, the façade is ventilated, with HPL and Alucobond panels, and the aluminum carpentry will be fitted with thermal insulation windows. The interior compartmentations will be made with light drywalls or glass walls where necessary. 1.1 New hospital main building Functions Basement: Morgue, Laundry, Laboratory, Kitschen Ground: - EAU, Investigations, Laboratory, Imaging Floor 1: - Operating Block, Sterilization, Intensive Care, Interventional cardiology Floor 2: - Operating Block, Neonatology, Maternity Floor 3: - Gynecology, Pediatrics Floor 4: - Internal medicine SE-NE Perspective Floor 5: - Cardiology, Surgery and Neurology Floor 6: - Pharmacy, Administrative spaces, Technical spaces, Warehouse KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

7 ARCHITECTURE General Data The new building will be classified as: - Importance category: A - exceptional, according to HG 766/1997; - Importance class: I buildings with essential functions, according to P100/1-2006; - Degree of fire resistance: II according to P118-99; - Fire risk: LOW, according to P Situation plan 1.1 New hospital main building 1.2 Decontamination building 1.3 Sewage treatment plant 1.4 Water pumping station Situation plan 1.5 Oxygen station 1.6 Chiller platform KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

8 HVAC Operating rooms Introducing air in the operating rooms will be made by vertical unidirectional flow stainless steel filtering ceiling, equipped with HEPA 14 type filters. Evacuation of air from operating rooms will be made by grills mounted on the walls, which will evacuate 25% of the flow in the upper side of the room and 75% in the lower side, with the lower side grills placed at cm above the floor. The grills will be made of anodised aluminum and fitted with adjustable louvers. In the operating rooms, a controlled overpressure between Pa will be maintained by a differential pressure controller and a variable flow valve placed in the aspiration channel, so that the flow of air evacuated from the room can be reduced to insure the desired level of overpressure. When not in use, the fresh air intake in the operating rooms and the afferent rooms will be kept at 50% of the nominal flow. Reducing the flow in the operating rooms will be made from the surgeon`s panel for each room. HVAC System Operating Block KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

9 HVAC - Intensive Care Rooms and Sterile Rooms The treatment of air ventilated from the intensive care spaces will be made by a treatment plant located in the technical area. The air intake for the intensive care rooms, post/ preop spaces and sterilization rooms for doctors and medical instruments will be made with swirl type/ 4 directions diffusers and induction units placed in the false ceiling, fitted with HEPA 13 filters. The air will be evacuated with swirl type/ 4 directions diffusers placed in the false ceiling. When not in use, the fresh air intake in the intensive care rooms will be kept at 50% of the nominal flow. Constant flow valves were fitted, with on/ off servo motors through which one can switch from minimum to maximum (50-100%). The servo motors are controlled from a switch by the technical personnel in charge with operating the installation. HVAC System Intensive care and sterile rooms KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

10 Laboratory area basement The national biosafety guide for medical laboratories, in the 2005 edition, makes the following classification based on a complex of characteristics regarding the design and construction of a laboratory, the security level, equipments and operational procedures implied in the manipulation of microorganisms from various groups of risk. From the point of view of biosafety, the laboratories are classified as follows: - basic -Biosafety level 1 - basic - Biosafety level 2 - security - Biosafety level 3 - high security - Biosafety level 4 Laboratory area ventilation systems The fresh air is provided by a treatment plant with variable flow, ATP 13, with an intake/ exhaust airflow rate of 5100 cm/h at a simultaneity of 100%. The necessary supply of air is of 5 changes/h. Thus the minimal fresh air flow rates are ensured and during summer the cooling load is also partially ensured, the air being introduced at a constant temperature of 20 C. Each laboratory will be fitted with a differential pressure control system, which will maintain the depression to the adjacent corridor of minimum 10 Pa. The variable flow valves may be closed 100% and so the ventilation in each laboratory can be shut off independently. KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

11 Building Management System- BMS During the construction of the electrical installations, a Building Management System (BMS) will be installed, to ensure the automated functioning, control and survey of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, of maintaining the pressure difference between clean rooms or with air pollution risks and the adjacent ones, of the utility installations, lighting command and the survey of the electrical distribution boards. The design of the BMS was made based on the data regarding the heating, ventilation and air conditioning installations, on data regarding lighting installations and utility systems and architectural design. The BMS is an efficient tool to optimize the energy consumptions and its parameters must be set so that while ensuring the designed functioning parameters (temperatures, levels of lighting, pressures etc.) it will minimize the energy consumption of the installations. BMS Pumping stations KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

12 Selecting air treatment plants for Clean rooms The air treatment plants have been selected according to Ecodesign Directive ErP 1253, 1254/ 2018 and have been fitted with G4 type filters placed before the air treatment plant and with F7 type placed after the air intake fan, while the terminal distribution units in the rooms will be fitted with HEPA 14 and HEPA 13 type filters. The installations will run without air recirculation, the introduced air will be 100% exterior air. The air treatment plant, in hygienic execution, will be fitted with intermediate fluid heat recuperator, with steam humidifier module, heating and reheating battery, cooling battery, intake and exhaust fans and will have 2 filtration stages on the intake. The treatment plants will be fitted with regulating devices to maintain a constant flow of intake air no matter the clogging degree (monitored in a prescribed domain) of the filters in the 3 stages of filtration and regulating devices to maintain a higher level of pressure in the rooms with higher aseptic level located near rooms with lower aseptic level. BMS Floor 1, ATP Operating Block KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

13 Heating is provided by a thermal plant in the basement, comprising 3 steel boilers (3 x 900 = 2700 kw ) fitted with dual burners with gas fuel (modulating) and diesel (two-stage) injection. The main fuel is methane gas, while diesel is only used in case of gas supply interruption. The boilers work in a cascade system, controlled by BMS to maintain a constant temperature of 70 ± 1 C on the common flow. BMS also allows the rotation of the lead boiler after a number of operating hours, to even out wear and tear of the equipments. The boiler circulation pumps run continuously with constant flow even if burners are shut down, so that the thermal flow provided by the TP is constant. In order to supply the vital consumers it is necessary to have two out of three boilers functioning. Thermal plant and heating distribution KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

14 Cooling is provided by 3 air-cooled chillers (3 x 800Kw = 2400 Kw) mounted on the exterior. The chiller compressors are of screw type and run with a frequency converter in a power range of 15%...100% to maintain a constant temperature of 5 C on the flow. The cascading of chillers is made by BMS to maintain the temperature of the primary flow to a preset value of 5 C. Next to the chillers is the room of the circulation pumps for the primary cooling agent ethylene glycol 40% - 5/105 C. There are 3 active pumps and one in reserve. The motors are fitted with a frequency converter. The command to cascade the pumps is given by BMS in order to keep a constant temperature drop of 5 C between flow and return. In order to supply the vital consumers it is necessary to have one out of three chillers functioning. During winter, the chillers function in the freecooling mode. The chillers come with the low noise function during the night and with silent axial fans for condenser cooling. Chiller plant and cooling distribution KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

15 Domestic Hot Water preparation - DHW Domestic hot water preparation is made in semi-instantaneous regime, by 2 plate heat exchanger and 5 accumulation tanks of 1000 litres each from two sources: one is classic (heating circuit from the thermal plant), the other is renewable (solar energy) 150 kw in summer period. Solar panels system for DHW preparation four modules of 20 solar panels each, with a surface of cca 2,3 m 2 (IT FT 039). They are mounted on the top of C1 building (above the 4 th floor) oriented to SV, horizontal distance between panels is 2,5m and the tilt angle is 45 degrees. The thermal energy is transported to the serpentines of the 2 boilers. The maximum thermal power of the solar installation is about 150kW solar thermal liquid 70/55 C. (maximum temperature 130 C). Active pump + reserve (4 th floor DHW preparation area), rotated by BMS after a number of operating hours, to even out wear and tear. The circulation pumps function in on-off automated regime at the command of the BMS, according to the temperature difference between the water in the solar panels and in the boilers (td start = 7 C, td stop = 1 C). To avoid overheating of the water in the boilers, the superior accumulation temperature is limited to 65 C, when the active pump of the solar installation is turned off even if the condition of the temperature difference between panels and boilers is met. Domestic Hot Water preparation with solar panels system KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

16 BIM (Building Information Modeling) Building Information Modeling (BIM) is the process of creating and using coordinated, consequent and calculable information about a construction project. This concept has modified the way in which professionals all around the world see how technology can be applied in the domain of building design, construction and management. The BIM concept is based on using a unique 3D informational model made up of intelligent objects, from which one can extract complete information at any moment. Between the 3D model and various images, sections, plans, lists etc. there are bi-directional links, so that a modification in one place will automatically reflect in the whole project, thus reducing errors, saving time and maintaining the accuracy of the project. HVAC Systems - Wards - BIM KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

17 BEM (Building Energy Modeling) BEM is a simulation of a building from the energy point of view, based on a software that takes into account the building physics. The inputs of a BEM program are data about the geometry, the construction materials and lighting, HVAC, cooling and water heating systems, systems for generating renewable energy, the efficiency of the components and the strategies for control. It also takes into account the purpose and function of the building, including the occupancy schedules and lighting and temperature settings. A BEM program combines these inputs with data about local weather and uses physics equations to calculate thermal loads, the systems response to these loads and the resulting energy utilization, together with the parameters of occupants comfort and energy costs. The BEM programs perform the simulation having climatic data about the concerned area that are measured along a whole year at an hour or even shorter interval. The programs also show the systems interactions, such as the interactions between BEM and BIM the lighting and the heating/ cooling systems. KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

18 BEM (Building Energy Modeling) VABI SOFTWARE With the help of the VABI software one can rapidly create an exact 3D model of a building and then obtain a calculation on a dynamic simulation model in order to evaluate the energy performance of a building and the interior thermal comfort. That calculation takes into consideration detailed information about materials and processes, as well as occupancy rate and work schedules. The software offers a simulated medium in which recorded data from existent buildings can be compared. The obtained model can be used to test various scenarios for the entire building, or just for a certain area or level, in order to identify possible energy efficiency issues and optimise them. BEM and BIM KGH Belgrade 5-7 December

19 BUILT ENVIRONMENT FACING CLIMATE CHANGE

20 Thank you! Dr. Eng. Ioan Silviu Doboși KGH Belgrade 5-7 December