Brown Rot: Best Management Practices and Resistance Management. Guido Schnabel, Ph.D. Clemson University
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1 Brown Rot: Best Management Practices and Resistance Management Guido Schnabel, Ph.D. Clemson University
2 Brown rot -Monilinia fructicola -M. laxa (blossom blight -M. fructigena (Europe) -other Monilinia species (Europe and Asia)
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4 Reduce fungus in orchard u Remove mummies and cankers u Eliminate wild plum species u Keep herbicide strip clear of weeds u Keep sod middle short all year (less sexual reproduction in spring)
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6 Blossom blight
7 Control Strategies u reduce inoculum sources u bloom applications of fungicides u preharvest applications of fungicides NOT OPTIONALu postharvest applications of fungicides When needed (mid to late season)
8 FRAC CODE Active Fungicide Ingredient(s) H * L H * H * L L Resistance Risk Coppers copper M1 L x x various Sulfur sulfur M2 L (x) (x) x 24h/0d Ferbam ferbam M3 L (x) x 24h/21d Thiram thiram M3 L (x) (x) x 24h/7d Ziram ziram M3 L (x) (x) x (x) 24h/14d Captan captan M4 L x x x x 24h/0d Bravo, other chlorothalonil M5 L x x 12h/- Anthracnose Bacterial spot Blossom blight Topsin M, other thiophanate-methyl 1 H x x x 12h/1d Tank mix mainly with FRAC code M or other FRAC codes Rovral, other iprodione 2 M x 24h/- Do not use after petal fall Elite, other tebuconazole 3 H x x 24h/0d Indar fenbuconazole 3 H x x 24h/0d Quash metconazole 3 H x x 24h/14d Tilt, other propiconazole 3 H x x 24h/0d Topguard flutriafol 3 H x x 12h/7d Fontelis penthiopyrad 7 H x x x 12h/0d Scala cyprodinil 9 H x 12h/30d Vangard pyrimethanil 9 H x 12h/- Inspire Super difenoconazole + cyprodinil H x a x x 12h/0d Abound, other azosystrobin 11 H x x (x) x 4h/0d Pristine boscalid + pyraclostrobin H x x x x 12 h/0d Brown rot Merivon fluxopyroxad + pyraclostrobin H x x x x 12 h/0d Do not use Merivon with EC formulations/adjuvants/additives Quadris Top difenoconazole + azoxystrobin H x x x x 12h/0d Adament tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin H x x (x) x 12h/0d Scholar fludioxonil 12 M x x -/- Registered for postharvest use only Botran dichloran 14 L x 12h/10d Mycoshield/FireLine oxytetracycline 41 L x 12h/21d Leaf curl Peach scab REI (h) / PHI (d) Fungicide Resistance Management Guidelines Protectants, multi-site Mode of Action (MOA) with very low risk of resistance, use alone, or tank mix and rotate with high-risk fungicides; do not use cholorthalonil after shuck split Use higher rate if resistance is present (GA and SC only) Do not use if resistance is present FRAC 9 products have not performed well for preharvest brown rot control in the Southeast Tank mixing FRAC 3 and 7 products may accelerate selection of dual resistance
9 Blossom blight control do not use heavy artilleryu FRAC 1, 2, 9 Topsin (4+) with protectant Rovral 2F high rate (4+) with protectant Vangard (4+) Protectants: Captan (2+), Bravo (3+)
10 Cover sprays prevent green fruit rot and inoculum build-upu Goal: Prevent green fruit rot u Sulfur or Captan? Cost (material vs. application intervals) efficacy (other diseases) Other effects (sulfur tox at >80F; captan red blush but inking potential)
11 Preharvest sprays the key to success u Use the most effective products u consider fungicide resistance issues u follow label recommendations
12 Preharvest spray options Solo products u FRAC 3 (Tilt, Indar, Elite, generics) u FRAC 7 Fontelis u FRAC 11 Abound and generics Premixtures u FRAC Pristine, Merivon u FRAC Adament, Quadris Top
13 NC STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Plant Pathology Treatments and Results 2014 DFR Oct 2015
14 NC STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Plant Pathology Treatments and Results 2015 DFR Oct 2015
15 Blossom blight and brown rot management strategy captan sulfur Scholar Bloom PF/SS (blossom blight, scab) Cover sprays (green fruit rot) Preharvest (brown rot) Postharvest (brown rot)
16 Resistance to FRAC 3 was Detected in GA, SC, VA, OH, NJ and NY OH VA NY NJ Indar Tilt Elite SC GA
17 High rates of Indar control DMI resistant populations, 2006 Brannen et al PDMR. STF001.
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20 Blossom blight and brown rot management strategy captan Scholar Bloom PF/SS (blossom blight, scab) Cover sprays (green fruit rot) Preharvest (brown rot) Postharvest (brown rot) If DMI resistance is suspected or documented, use captan instead of sulfur in cover sprays and use high rate of Elite or Indar preharvest
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