SMALL FRUIT DISEASE MANAGEMENT M.L. LEWIS IVEY, LSU PLANT PATHOLOGY FEBRUARY 2016

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1 SMALL FRUIT DISEASE MANAGEMENT M.L. LEWIS IVEY, LSU PLANT PATHOLOGY FEBRUARY 2016

2 REALITIES OF SMALL FRUIT DISEASES! Many diseases follow the same life cycle of the plant! Diseases can accumulate over time! Simultaneous management required! Several of the diseases have a wide host range! Successful management requires an integrated approach

3 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT! Plant top quality, healthy nursery stock! Certification programs (G1 stock)! Plant resistant varieties! Maintain a clean planting site! Remove alternate hosts! Use biocontrol or biorational products! Fungicide spray programs

4 BRAMBLES

5 DISEASE RESISTANCE: BRAMBLES Disease Blackberry Red Raspberry Black Raspberry Anthracnose VS thorny>thornless erect>trailing Cane blight S S VS Spur blight R S T Crown gall S S S Septoria leaf spot S T T Rosette VS R R Orange Rust S to R R S Leaf and cane Rust S S R R Powdery mildew T to R S S T

6 SEASONAL SPRAY PROGRAM FOR BRAMBLES Developmental Stage Dormant Before bloom opens/pre-bloom Bloom through harvest Post harvest Diseases Anthracnose, Cane blight, Spur blight Anthracnose, Blights, Leaf spots, Powdery mildew, Rusts, Root rot Anthracnose, Blights, Leaf spots, Rusts, Botrytis, Double blossom Cane blight, Leaf spots, Orange cane blotch

7 FUNGICIDE SPRAY PROGRAM FOR BRAMBLES! Phytophthora root rot! Ridomil Gold SL (raspberries only!)! Phosphorous acid based products! Requires ph >6

8 FUNGICIDE SPRAY PROGRAM FOR BRAMBLES! Rusts! Orange rust and cane and leaf rust! Dormant season sanitation! Spring fungicide applications! Rally! Pristine! Cabrio

9 FUNGICIDE SPRAY PROGRAM FOR BRAMBLES! Fungal cane and stem blights and leaf spots! Many highly effective fungicides on the market! Products containing strobilurins most effective! Resistance management difficult Strobilurins>Captan>Copper Spur blight Anthracnose

10 FUNGICIDE SPRAY PROGRAM FOR BRAMBLES! Powdery mildew! Myclobutanil (Rally 40WSP)! Strobilurins

11 FUNGICIDE SPRAY PROGRAM FOR BRAMBLES! Rosette (blackberry only)! Switch (FRAC 9 and 12)! Strobilurin based products! Bordeaux (moderate efficacy)! Botrytis Gray Mold! Elevate and Pristine! Resistance is a major issue! Resistance monitoring recommended! Switch

12 AT A GLANCE FUNGICIDE SPRAY SCHEDULE

13 BLUEBERRIES

14 BLUEBERRY SPRAY PROGRAM Developmental Stage Dormant Pre-bloom to green tip and pink bud Disease Exobasidium, Phytphthora Root Rot Exobasidium, Mummy berry, 10% to 90% bloom Botrytis Flower blight, Mummy berry, Fruit rots Petal fall to 1 month following bloom Cover sprays After harvest Fruit rots, Exobasodium, Phytphthora Root Rot Fruit rots, Exobasodium Leaf spots, Phytphthora Root Rot

15 BLUEBERRY FUNGICIDES! Exobasidium Fruit and Leaf Spot! Good air circulation! Lime sulfur applied at delay dormant! Captan! Indar (+ Captan)

16 BLUEBERRIES! Fruit Rots! Several effective fungicides! Multiple FRAC groups available! Abound! Pristine! Switch! Quilt Xcel! Quash

17 BLUEBERRY FUNGICIDES! Mummy berry! Several effective fungicides in FRAC 3! Quash! Quilt Excel (FRAC 3 +11)! Proline! Indar + Captan! Tank mix with Captan for Botrytis control

18 STRAWBERRIES

19 STRAWBERRY! Use certified disease-free plants!! Pre-plant dips! Use only on diseased plants! Anthracnose/Crown Rot: Abound or Switch! Phytophthora and Pythium: Aliette

20 FUNGICIDE SPRAY PROGRAM FOR STRAWBERRIES Developmental Stage Pre-plant or early post-plant New leaf growth to pre-bloom Pre-harvest to early bloom Disease Red Stele Rhizoctonia Colletotrichum crown rot (Anthracnose) Botrytis crown rot Leaf spots Powdery mildew Red Stele Botrytis Anthracnose Leather Rot

21 STRAWBERRY! Colletotrichum crown rot! Most severe in warmer climates! Rogue infected plants! Switch! Captan! Topsin M! Save strobilurins for anthracnose fruit rot

22 STRAWBERRY! Red Stele! Ridomil Gold! Ultra flourish! MetaStar! Apply at-planting or early post-planting

23 FUNGICIDES FOR FRUIT ROTS! Anthracnose! Several effective fungicides! Resistance management critical! Abound! Merivon! Pristine! Cabrio! Combine with a protectant to manage Botrytis

24 FUNGICIDES FOR FRUIT ROTS! Botrytis! Several effective fungicides! Resistance management critical! Screening populations is recommended! Switch (FRAC 9)! Elevate (FRAC 17)! Fontelis (FRAC 7)! CaptEvate (FRAC 17 + M)! Combine with a protectant to slow resistance

25

26 Melanie Lewis Ivey, Extension Specialist Department of Plant Pathology & Crop Physiology Facebook:

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