The Royal National Urban Park in Stockholm, Sweden

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1 The Royal National Urban Park in Stockholm, Sweden Lessons from An Experiment in Sustainable Development Peter Schantz professor in human movement science Lecture at The Hybrid Park Seminar in Pori, June

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4 Population 18th century:

5 Population 18th century: th century:

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9 movement health environment

10 environment physical activity public health

11 environment physical activity public health sustainable development

12 environment physical activity public health sustainable development

13 environment physical activity public health sustainable development

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16 national urban park

17 The National Urban Park An Experiment in Sustainable Development Studies of values, law application and developmental projects Eds. L. Holm & P. Schantz The Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning, Stockholm, Sweden, 2002

18 The National Urban Park An Experiment in Sustainable Development Studies of values, law application and developmental projects Eds. L. Holm & P. Schantz The Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning Stockholm Sweden 2002

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34 Outline: 1. Lessons from the formation process 2. What is valued? 3. Implementation and the future

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37 Figures from the bill for the NUP act

38 Per cent of green area/landscape scenery being exploited in the direction of urban landscape year National Urban Park 1995

39 Per cent of green area/landscape scenery being exploited in the direction of urban landscape square m year National Urban Park 1995

40 Per cent of green area/landscape scenery being exploited in the direction of urban landscape year National Urban Park 1995

41 The Swedish Government, Ministry of Environment, demanded a report from the involved municipalities on:

42 The Swedish Government, Ministry of Environment, demanded a report from the involved municipalities on: 1. The values in the area in relation to: Nature Culture Outdoor life

43 The Swedish Government, Ministry of Environment, demanded a report from the involved municipalities on: 1. The values in the area in relation to: Nature Culture Outdoor life 2. The exploitation plans

44 1. Describe the values in the area in relation to: Nature

45 1. Describe the values in the area in relation to: Nature Fragments put together into a holistic wholeness Biological diversity Surrounding geographical context Cooperation between municipalities

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49 Core area

50 Habitat for threatened species

51 Connectivity zones between core areas

52 Weak sections in connectivity zones needs to be strengthened

53 Water zones; barriers for some species, not for others

54 Important connections with other green areas

55 Not studied areas

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67 The Swedish Government, Ministry of Environment, demanded a report from the involved municipalities on: 1. The values in the area in relation to: Nature Culture Outdoor life 2. The exploitation plans

68 1. Describe the values in the area in relation to: Culture

69 1. Describe the values in the area in relation to: Culture Materially oriented Lack of context Fragmented No cooperation between municipalities

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79 Lake Mälaren Archipelago and the Baltic Sea

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86 Europa Nostra has pointed out that "each of these park elements represent great values per se, and in combination they are a unique document of European park history, representing cultural values of international importance."

87 Europa Nostra has pointed out that "each of these park elements represent great values per se, and in combination they are a unique document of European park history, representing cultural values of international importance." Coupled with this landscape are numerous cultural dimensions, such as literature, art, music, dance, theatre, science, architecture, a botanic garden, museums, recreation, outdoor life, physical exercise and sports.

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94 The Swedish Government, Ministry of Environment, demanded a report from the involved municipalities on: 1. The values in the area in relation to: Nature Culture Outdoor life 2. The exploitation plans

95 1. Describe the values in the area in relation to: Outdoor life

96 1. Describe the values in the area in relation to: Outdoor life Nothing substantial at all. In no way was the issue gripped, problematized or discussed

97 distant landscapes production landscapes nearby landscapes urban landscapes

98 The Swedish Government, Ministry of Environment, demanded a report from the involved municipalities on: 1. The values in the area in relation to: Nature Culture Outdoor life 2. The exploitation plans

99 Per cent of green area/landscape scenery being exploited in the direction of urban landscape year National Urban Park 1995

100 Per cent of green area/landscape scenery being exploited in the direction of urban landscape year National Urban Park 1995

101 Per cent of green area/landscape scenery being exploited in the direction of urban landscape year National Urban Park 1995

102 Per cent of green area/landscape scenery being exploited in the direction of urban landscape year National Urban Park 1995

103 The Bill for The National Urban Park Act

104 Environmental Code (4 ch, 7 ): The area Ulriksdal Haga Brunnsviken Djurgården is a national urban park. In a national urban park, new built-up areas and new installations may be created and other measures taken only if this can take place without encroaching on the park landscape or natural environment and without the natural and cultural values of the historical landscape being otherwise damaged.

105 Environmental Code (4 ch, 7 ): The area Ulriksdal Haga Brunnsviken Djurgården is a national urban park. In a national urban park, new built-up areas and new installations may be created and other measures taken only if this can take place without encroaching on the park landscape or natural environment and without the natural and cultural values of the historical landscape being otherwise damaged.

106 A central message in the bill for the national urban park was that: The development in the national urban park should alltogether focus on strengthening the natural, cultural and recreational values and protect the biodiversity".

107 Per cent of green area/landscape scenery being exploited in the direction of urban landscape year National Urban Park 1995

108 Per cent of green area/landscape scenery being exploited in the direction of urban landscape year National Urban Park 1995

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113 physical activity public health sustainable development

114 national urban park

115 Outline: 1. Lessons from the formation process 2. What is valued? 3. Implementation and the future

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117 Thanks for your attention!