PLA 1101F -- ISSUES IN PLANNING HISTORY, THOUGHT, AND PRACTICE

Transcription

1 Program in Planning University of Toronto Fall 2004 PLA 1101F -- ISSUES IN PLANNING HISTORY, THOUGHT, AND PRACTICE Convenor/Instructor: Katharine Rankin (5041 SSH; ; Instructor: Mary MacDonald (CH2M HILL Canada; ; Meeting Time: Wednesdays, 12-3 pm (2125 SSH) Description: This course introduces students to a set of important issues, questions and controversies that have figured prominently in the history of planning and that confront planners in contemporary practice. The objective is to give students a critical understanding of how the discipline of planning has evolved over time, the forces that have strengthened and weakened planners roles, the dilemmas (political, ethical, moral, logistical and other) that planners must resolve in their day-to-day practice, and the key contradictions that animate their work. Prominent among these are: the role and legitimacy of planners as a professional class; the relationship between planning, the market and the state; social diversity (race, gender, class, and so on); planning for sustainability; forms of power utilized by planners as well as the constraints under which they operate; competing justifications for planning in capitalist societies; ethical pitfalls of planning practice; and environmental justice. The course focuses on critical histories and theories of planning as they relate to contemporary professional practice. We will bring traditions in philosophy, social theory and policy analysis to bear on questions about planning institutions, contexts, and ethics. By debating major intellectual movements in relation to professional practice, we hope to bridge the imagined gap between theory and practice to recognize how practice is informed by theory and how theory emerges from practice. From readings, guest speakers, class discussions and a workshop on participation, students will learn to view their own professional experience from different theoretical vantage points and to develop clear normative frameworks for planning action. Evaluation of Students: The anticipated work schedule is as follows: Assignment 1 (Environmental Issues) distributed Sept. 29; due Oct. 15 [Fri] [20%] Assignment 2 (Planning ethics) distributed Oct. 27; due Nov. 12 [Fri] [20%] Major Paper Distributed Sept. 22; due Dec 10 [Fri] [45%] Class participation [15%] There will be no final exam. The portion of your final grade dedicated to class participation reflects the considerable importance that the instructors place on the accompanying readings and student involvement in class discussions/workshop. 1

2 SCHEDULE AND OUTLINE 1. Introduction (Sept. 15) [Rankin and MacDonald] Jacobs, J. (1993) "Are planning departments useful?," in Ontario Planning Journal, 8, no. 4 (July/August), pp. 4-5 (plus responses and rejoinder by Jacobs). Film: Holding Ground 2. The Making of a Field (Sept 22) [The origins and breadth of modern city planning] [Rankin] Friedmann, J. (1987) The terrain of planning theory in Planning in the Public Domain: From Knowledge to Action. Princeton: Princeton University Press, pp Healey, P. (1997) "Traditions of planning thought", Chapter 1 in Collaborative Planning: Shaping Places in Fragmented Societies. Vancouver: UBC Press, pp Fishman, R. (1977) Urban utopias: Ebenezer Howard and Le Corbusier in S. Campbell and S. Fainstein (eds.) Readings in Planning Theory. Oxford: Blackwell, pp Jamieson, W., Cosign, A., and Friesen, S. (2000) Contemporary planning: Issues and innovations, in T. Bunting and P. Filion, eds., Canadian Cities in Transition, 2 nd edition. Toronto: Oxford University Press, pp Planning for Sustainability: Central Concepts and Issues (Sept. 29) [MacDonald] ICLEI (1997) What is Local Agenda 21? A Short Introduction. International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives. pp 1-3. European Union (2003) Targeted Summary of the European Sustainable Cities Report for Local Authorities. (European Union- Expert Group on Urban Environment, Brussels) pp Gibson, R.B. and Tomalty, R. (1995) "An ecosystem approach to planning for urban-centered regions," Cornell Journal of Planning and Urban Issues, (Spring), pp Guest speaker: John Schaffter, City of Toronto 4. Markets, Planning, and Democracy [Why do we need planning?] (Oct. 6) [Rankin] Staley, Samuel and Lynne Scarlett,(1998) Market-oriented planning: Principles and tools for the 21 st century, in Planning and Markets 1(1): Sternberg, Ernest (1993) Justifying public intervention without market externalities: Karl Polanyi s theory of planning in capitalism, Public Administration Review 53(2): Blais, P., Executive Summary, Introduction, and Conclusions in The Economics of Urban Form, report prepared for the GTA Task Force, Toronto, 1996, pp. i-iii, 1-3,

3 Scarborough affordable housing case: Briefing Note on Former Scarborough Corridor Lands, Ward 44, 13 April 2004 Barber, John, Suddenly they re oh so green, Globe and Mail, 10 April Gillespie, Kerry, Councillors vote against housing plan, Toronto Star, 8 April Nature in the Metropolis (Oct. 13) [MacDonald] Spirn, Anne Whiston (1984) Improving Air Quality, Enhancing Comfort and Conserving Energy in The Granite Garden: Urban Nature and Human Design. Pennsylvania: Basic Books. pp Rocky Mountain Institute (1998) A New View of Real Estate. in Green Development. New York: John Wiley & Sons pp Odum, W.E. (1982) "Environmental degradation and the tyranny of small decisions," Bioscience, 33 (9), pp Owen, S. (1991) Planning Settlements Naturally. Chichester: Packard, pp Guest speaker: Doug Pollard, Canadian Federation of Municipalities ASSIGNMENT 1 due Oct. 15 [Fri] 6. Planning as Advocacy and Social Transformation [Advocacy planning, equity planning and radical planning] (Oct. 20) [Rankin] Davidoff, P. (1965) Advocacy and pluralism in planning, in A. Faludi (ed.) A Reader in Planning Theory, pp Rahder, B. (1998) Women Plan Toronto: Incorporating gender issues in urban planning, Planners Network, No. 180, July, pp Krumholz, N. (1982) A retrospective view of equity planning: Cleveland, , Journal of the American Planning Association 48(2): Kennedy, M. (1996) Tranformative Community Planning: Empowerment through Community Development, Planners Network 117. Guest speaker: Maureen Fair, St. Christopher House 7. Planning as Practical Communicative Action [Politics of information] (Oct. 27) [Rankin] Forester, J. (1989) "Planning in the face of power", in Planning in the Face of Power. Berkeley: University of California Press, pp Healey, P. (1992) Planning through debate: the communicative turn in planning theory, Town 3

4 Planning Review 63(2), pp Krumholz, N. and J. Forester (1990) To be professionally effective, be politically articulate, in Making Equity Planning Work. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, pp Guest speaker: Glen Murray, Principal, The Murray Group and former Mayor of Winnipeg 8. Ethical Issues in Planning (Nov 3) [Rankin] Canadian Institute of Planners Statement of Ethics and Code of Professional Conduct, and Planners Network statement of professional responsibility Marcuse, Peter (1976) Professional Ethics and Beyond: Values in Planning, Journal of the American Association of Planners 42(3): Krumholz, N. and J. Forester (1990) Evaluation, ethics and traps, in Making Equity Planning Work. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, pp Guest speaker: Peter Walker, Principal, Walker, Nott, Dragicevic Associates, Ltd. & Chair of Ethics Committee, Canadian Institute of Planners 9. Planning Others [Difference and the politics of identity] (Nov. 10) [Rankin] Sandercock, L. (2003) Mongrel Cities: How can We Live Together? and There is No Hiding Place, in Cosmopolis II: Mongrel Cities of the 21 st Century. New York: Continuum, pp and Rahder, B. and R. Milgrom (2004) The Uncertain City: Making Space(s) for Difference, Canadian Policy and Planning, CJUR 13:1 Supplement: Goonewardena, G., K. Rankin and S. Weinstock (2004) Diversity and planning education: A Canadian perspective, Canadian Policy and Planning, CJUR 13:1 Supplement: Guest speaker: Minelle Mahtani, University of Toronto, Geography ASSIGNMENT 2 due Nov. 12 [Fri] 10. Workshop [facilitating participation] (Nov 17) [Rankin] Arnold, et al. (1991) Working on our Feet: Facilitation, Educating for a Change. Toronto: Between the Lines, pp The Catalyst Centre (2002) Walkin the Talk: A Primer on Tools for Democratic Social Change, v. 1.0, Toronto: The Catalyst Centre. [Not in reader; to be distributed on 10 Nov]. Forester, J. (2003) The Deliberative Practitioner: Encouraging Participatory Planning Processes. Cambridge: MIT Press, pp

5 Guest speaker: Paul Bedford, urban mentor and former Director of Planning, City of Toronto *NB: This will be an evening talk and discussion at a time agreed upon by the class. 11. Opportunities and Constraints in Planning Institutions (Nov. 24) [MacDonald] Kiernan, M.J. (1990) "Land use planning", in R.A. Loreto and T. Price (eds.) Urban Policy Issues: Canadian Perspectives. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, pp Argyris, C. (1960) The Impact of the Formal Organization upon the Individual, D.S. Pugh (ed., 1971) Organizational Theory. Harmondsworth: Penguin, pp City of Toronto (2002). Official Plan Summary. Urban Development Services. Poverty of Planning: Tent City, City Hall and Toronto s New Official Plan, comment by Planning Action on Toronto s Official Plan, newsletter of the Ontario Coalition against Poverty, November 2002, City of Toronto, (1998) City Council and Committee Structure for Toronto, Environmental Justice (Dec. 1) [MacDonald] Mike Davis, The case for letting Malibu burn, in Ecology of Fear: Los Angeles and the Imagination of Disaster (New York: Metropolitan Books, 1998), McCurdy, Howard, Africville: Environmental racism, in Laura Westra and Peter Wenz (eds.), Faces of Environmental Racism: Confronting Issues of Global Justice. Boston: Rowman and Littlefield, David Harvey, The environment of justice, in Justice, Nature & the Geography of Difference (Oxford: Blackwell, 1996), Guest speaker: Beth Savan, University of Toronto, Innis College 13. Planning Re-evaluated (Dec. 8) [MacDonald and Rankin] Sandercock, L. (1998) The Difference that Theory Makes, Towards Cosmpolis. New York: John Wiley & Sons, pp MAJOR PAPER due Dec. 10 [Fri] 5