PRELIMINARY WORKING DRAFT Work in Progress

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1 IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS P. CULTURAL RESOURCES (3) HISTORIC RESOURCES 1.0 INTRODUCTION This section addresses the Proposed Project s impacts on historic resources. The analysis identifies and evaluates buildings and structures located within the Project site to determine whether they are historic resources, and if so determined, whether they may be affected by implementation of the proposed development. The analysis also assesses the potential for Project development to affect any off-site historic resources. The information in this section is based on a Historic Assessment Memorandum, prepared by Historic Resources Group (HRG) for the Proposed Project. 575 The analysis addresses the impacts that would occur for the Project as Proposed, for the Project s Equivalency Program and for the Project s secondary impacts that would occur from the implementation of the Project s off-site mitigation measures. 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 2.1. Regulatory Framework Numerous laws and regulations require federal, state, and local agencies to consider the effects of a proposed project on cultural resources. These laws and regulations stipulate a process for compliance, define the responsibilities of the various agencies proposing the action, and prescribe the relationship among other involved agencies (e.g., State Historic Preservation Office and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation). The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966, as amended; the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA); and the California Register of Historical Resources, Public Resources Code (PRC) 5024, are the primary federal and state laws governing and affecting preservation of historic resources of national, state, regional, and local significance. Additional regulations may include the U.S. Secretary of the Interior s Standards for Rehabilitation of Historic Buildings, the Americans With Disabilities Act, the California State Historical Building Code, and the City of Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Ordinance (Los Angeles Municipal Code, Sections , et. seq.). 575 Historic Resources Group, (HRG), Memorandum re: Historical Assessment of Playa Vista site, May 2, Page 1226

2 2.1.1 Federal Level National Register of Historic Places First authorized by the Historic Sites Act of 1935, the National Register of Historic Places (National Register) was established by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as an authoritative guide to be used by federal, State, and local governments, private groups and citizens to identify the Nation s cultural resources and to indicate what properties should be considered for protection from destruction or impairment. 576 The National Register recognizes properties that are significant at the national, State and local levels. To be eligible for listing in the National Register, a resource must be significant in American history, architecture, archaeology, engineering, or culture. Districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects of potential significance must meet one or more of the following four established criteria: Are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; 2. Are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; 3. Embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or 4. Have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history Unless the property possesses exceptional significance, it must be at least 50 years old to be eligible for National Register listing. 578 In addition to meeting the criteria of significance, a property must have integrity. Integrity is understood as the ability of a property to convey its significance. 579 The National 576 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), 36 Section U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, National Register Bulletin: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation (Washington, DC: National Park Service, 1995). 578 As defined by National Register Criteria Consideration G: Properties That Have Achieved Significance Within the Last Fifty Years, National Register Bulletin: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. Additional information on Criteria Consideration G may be found in National Register Bulletin: Guidelines for Evaluating and Nominating Properties that Have Achieved Significance Within the Last Fifty Years. Page 1227

3 Register recognizes seven qualities that, in various combinations, define integrity. To retain historic integrity a property must possess several, and usually most, of these seven aspects. Thus, the retention of the specific aspects of integrity is paramount for a property to convey its significance. 580 The seven factors that define integrity are location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association Section 106 Review Process Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (Section 106) requires Federal agencies with jurisdiction over federally assisted undertakings (projects) to take into account the effects of such projects on properties which are listed in or eligible for listing in the National Register. A process which provides an independent reviewing agency, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP), an opportunity to comment, must be completed. The purpose of Section 106 is to avoid unnecessary harm to historic properties from Federal actions. Now commonly known as Section 106 review, the procedure for meeting Section requirements is defined in regulations of the ACHP Protection of Historic Properties (36 CFR Part 800). The Section 106 review involves five steps: identification and evaluation of historic properties; assessment of the effects of the proposed project; consultation with the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO); and other interested parties; ACHP comment; and proceeding with the project, either with a Memorandum of Agreement amongst the consulting parties or taking into account the Advisory Council s comments State Level The State implements the NHPA through its statewide comprehensive resource surveys and preservation programs. The California Office of Historic Preservation (OHP), as an office of the California Department of Parks and Recreation, implements the policies of the NHPA on a statewide level. The OHP also maintains the California Historic Resources Inventory. The State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) is an appointed official who implements historic preservation programs within the State s jurisdictions California Register of Historical Resources Created by Assembly Bill 2881 which was signed into law on September 27, 1992, the California Register of Historical Resources (California Register) is an authoritative listing and guide to be used by state and local agencies, private groups, and citizens in identifying the 579 National Register Bulletin: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation, p National Register Bulletin How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation, p. 44. Page 1228

4 existing historical resources of the state and to indicate which resources deserve to be protected, to the extent prudent and feasible, from substantial adverse change. 581 The criteria for eligibility for the California Register are based upon National Register criteria. 582 Certain resources are determined by the statute to be automatically included in the California Register, including California properties formally determined eligible for, or listed in, the National Register of Historic Places. 583 A resource must meet one or more of the following criteria for listing on the California Register of Historical Resources: Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California s history and cultural heritage; Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past; Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values; or Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Resources eligible for the California Register must meet one of the criteria of significance described above and retain enough of its historic character or appearance (integrity) to be recognizable as a historical resource and to convey the reason for its significance. It is possible that a historic resource may not retain sufficient integrity to meet the criteria for listing in the National Register, but it may still be eligible for listing in the California Register. Additionally, the California Register consists of resources that are listed automatically and those that must be nominated through an application and public hearing process. The California Register automatically includes the following: California properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places and those formally Determined Eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. California Registered Historical Landmarks from No. 770 onward. 581 California Public Resources Code Section (a). 582 California Public Resources Code (b). 583 California Public Resources Code (d). Page 1229

5 Those California Points of Historical Interest that have been evaluated by the Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) and have been recommended to the State Historical Commission for inclusion on the California Register. Other resources which may be nominated to the California Register include: Historical resources with a significance rating of Category 3 through Individual historical resources. Historical resources contributing to historic districts. Historical resources designated or listed as local landmarks, or designated under any local ordinance, such as an historic preservation overlay zone California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Under CEQA, a project that may cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource is a project that may have a significant effect on the environment. 585 This statutory standard involves a two-part inquiry. The first involves a determination of whether the project involves a historical resource. If so, then the second part involves determining whether the project may involve a substantial adverse change in the significance of the historical resource. To address these issues, guidelines that implement the 1992 statutory amendments relating to historical resources were adopted in final form on October 26, 1998 with the addition of CEQA Guidelines Section The new CEQA Guidelines provide that for the purposes of CEQA compliance, the term historical resources shall include the following: 586 A resource listed in, or determined to be eligible by the State Historical Resources Commission, for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources. A resource included in a local register of historical resources, as defined in section (k) of the Public Resources Code or identified as significant in a historical resource survey meeting the requirements in section (g) of the Public Resources Code, shall be presumed to be historically or culturally significant. Public 584 Office of Historic Preservation National Register Status Codes proscribed in OHP s Instructions for Recording Historical Resources, Categories 3 through 5 involve various levels of National Register, California Register, and/or local jurisdiction eligibility. 585 California Public Resources Code Section , added in 1992 by AB State CEQA Guidelines, 14 CCR Section (a). Page 1230

6 agencies must treat any such resource as significant unless the preponderance of evidence demonstrates that it is not historically or culturally significant. Any object, building, structure, site, area, place, record, or manuscript which a lead agency determines to be historically significant or significant in the architectural, engineering, scientific, economic, agricultural, educational, social, political, military, or cultural annals of California may be considered to be a historical resource, provided the lead agency s determination is supported by substantial evidence in light of the whole record. Generally, a resource shall be considered by the lead agency to be historically significant if the resource meets the criteria for listing on the California Register of Historical Resources. The fact that a resource is not listed in, or determined to be eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, not included in a local register of historical resources (pursuant to section (k) of the Public Resources Code), or identified in a historical resources survey (meeting the criteria in section (g) of the Public Resources Code) does not preclude a lead agency from determining that the resource may be a historical resource as defined in Public Resources Code sections (j) or The current CEQA Guidelines state that a project involves a substantial adverse change when one or more of the following occurs: Substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource means physical demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration of the resource or its immediate surroundings such that the significance of a historical resource would be materially impaired. 587 The significance of a historical resource is materially impaired when a project: 588 Demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics of a historical resource that convey its historical significance and that justify its inclusion in, or eligibility for, inclusion in the California Register of Historical Resources; or Demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics that account for its inclusion in a local register of historical resources pursuant to section (k) of the Public Resources Code or its identification in a historical resources survey meeting the requirements of 587 State CEQA Guidelines, 14 CCR Section (b)(1). 588 State CEQA Guidelines, 14 CCR Section (b)(2). Page 1231

7 section (g) of the Public Resources Code, unless the public agency reviewing the effects of the project establishes by a preponderance of evidence that the resource is not historically or culturally significant; or Demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics of a historical resource that convey its historical significance and that justify its eligibility for inclusion in the California Register of Historical Resources as determined by a lead agency for purposes of CEQA. Additionally, in most circumstances, the Secretary of the Interior s Standards (Standards) are relevant in assessing whether there is a substantial adverse change under CEQA. The Standards are designed to ensure that rehabilitation does not impair the significance of a historic property. Section (b)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines states in part that a project that follows the Secretary of the Interior s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring, and Reconstructing Historic Buildings or the Secretary of the Interior s Standards for Rehabilitation and Guidelines for Rehabilitating Historic Buildings (1995), Weeks and Grimmer, shall be considered as mitigated to a level of less than a significant impact on the historic resource Local level City of Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments The City of Los Angeles enacted a Cultural Heritage Ordinance in April 1962, which defines Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments (LAHCMs) for the City. According to the ordinance, LAHCMs are sites, buildings, or structures of particular historic or cultural significance to the City of Los Angeles in which the broad cultural, economic, political, or social history of the nation, state, or City is reflected or exemplified, including sites and buildings associated with important personages or which embody certain distinguishing architectural characteristics and are associated with a notable architect. These LAHCMs are regulated by the City s Cultural Heritage Commission, which reviews permits to alter, relocate, or demolish these landmarks City of Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments Criteria The Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Ordinance (Sections , et seq. of the City of Los Angeles Municipal Code) establishes criteria for designating local historic resources as Los Angeles Historic Cultural Monuments (LAHCM). The City s criteria are sufficiently broad enough to include a wide variety of historic resources. However, a proposed resource should possess sufficient architectural, historical, and/or cultural significance to warrant designation. Though there is no age requirement for designation as a LAHCM, sufficient time to develop a Page 1232

8 historical perspective and to evaluate its significance in context should be considered. A LAHCM must satisfy one or more of the City s criteria, which are defined as the following: It reflects or exemplifies the broad cultural, political, economic, or social history of the nation, state, or community; It is identified with historic personages or with important events in the main currents of national, state, or local history; It embodies certain distinguishing characteristics of an architectural type, specimen, inherently valuable for a study of a period style or method of construction; and/or It is notable work of a master builder, designer, or architect whose individual genius influenced his age City of Los Angeles Historic Preservation Overlay Zones Additionally, the City of Los Angeles provides for the identification and designation of Historic Preservation Overlay Zones (HPOZ) under the LAMC, Section HPOZs are essentially locally designated historic districts or groupings of historic resources. To be significant, structures, natural features, or sites within a defined area as a whole should satisfy one or more of the following criteria: It has substantial value as part of the development, heritage or cultural characteristics of the life of a person important in the history of the city, state, or nation; It is associated with an event that has made a substantial contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or It is constructed in a distinctive architectural style characteristic of an era of history; and/or It is part of or related to a square, park or other distinctive area and should be developed or preserved according to a plan based on a historic, cultural, architectural, or aesthetic motif owing to its unique location or singular physical characteristics City of Los Angeles CEQA Thresholds Guidelines The City of Los Angeles has established its own CEQA Thresholds Guide to aid in identifying and evaluating historic resources which may be adversely impacted by a proposed Page 1233

9 project. In identifying and evaluating a resource, a yes response to any of the following questions indicates a historic resource may be involved: Has the site been coded by the Department of Building and Safety with a Zoning Instruction (ZI) number in the 145 series (which indicates prior identification of the property as historic); Has the resource been designated by the City of Los Angeles as a Historic-Cultural Monument or as a contributor to an HPOZ; Is the resource included within the California Register maintained by OHP and ranked with an evaluation code of 1 (National Register listed resource) or 2 (determined eligible for listing in the National Register); Has the resource been classified as historic in an historical resources survey conducted as part of the updating of the Community Plan, the adoption of a redevelopment area or other planning project; Is the resource subject to other federal, state, or local preservation guidelines or restrictions; Does the resource have known associations with an architect, master builder, or person or event important history such that the resource may be of exceptional importance; and/or Is the resource over 50 years old and a substantially intact example of an architectural style significant in Los Angeles (age is calculated from an original building permit or the Land Use Planning and Mapping System maintained by the City Planning Department). 2.2 Existing Conditions Historic Context History of the Local Region A detailed discussion of the historic context covering the Proposed Project site and local region is provided in Subsection 2.2 of Section IV.P.(2), Archaeological Resources. That discussion traces the history of the area from the earliest known occupation through the time in the 1990s when Howard Hughes/McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Company vacated the property prior to the onset of the development of the adjacent Playa Vista First Phase Project. Page 1234

10 The Hughes Aircraft Company The Proposed Project is located within an area that was formerly part of the Hughes Aircraft Company site. Historically, the site has been referred to as the Culver City Facility, although the area has never been within the municipal boundaries of that city. The site is noteworthy, as it is a place where innovations in aviation technology have occurred. Specifically, during World War II, the company developed several innovative military aircraft components, such as flexible feed chutes for the B-17 Bomber and booster drives for machine guns. In addition, Hughes was designated the primary contractor for the design and production of three prototypes of Flying Boats, the most famous of which was nicknamed the Spruce Goose. Simultaneously, the company was responsible for the development of another experimental craft, the XF-11 photo-reconnaissance plane. In the late 1940s, Hughes Aircraft turned its attention from airplane design and production to electronics and guided missile design and the production of helicopters. While most of the buildings built in the complex s period of significance ( ) were utilitarian in appearance, some of the original buildings (the executive building, cafeteria, and fire station) were designed in a modern International Corporation style, as the site became the focal point of the burgeoning company. The diversification of the company caused expansion of corporate offices, research labs and manufacturing plants into other others of Southern California and Arizona. By 1983, Hughes Aircraft was the largest industrial employer in California, and the biggest employer in the Los Angeles area. It had become the nation s largest defense electronics contractor, and the seventh largest overall Pentagon contractor Previous Historic Surveys and Evaluations Properties of potential historic significance within the Proposed Project site and the adjacent Playa Vista First Phase Project site were initially evaluated in a Historic Property Survey Report prepared in At that time, State Historical Resources Inventory Forms (DPR 523 forms) were prepared for several of the plant-site buildings, including Buildings 1-3, 5-6, 10-12, and 14-21, all of which are located outside of the Proposed Project site. The location of these building is illustrated in Figure 108 on page At that time, the identified National Register eligible Hughes Industrial Historic District boundaries were established. The Hughes Industrial Historic District was considered significant for having a distinct grouping of historic resources of exceptional importance in the context of aviation research and development in Southern California during World War II and the years which followed, a seminal period in the history of the industry and the area. While the site continued to contribute to aviation and avionics research and development, it was during this period of significance ( ) that several advances were achieved including: the completion of the experimental photoreconnaissance plane, the XF-11; the design and construction of the H-4 Hercules Page 1235

11 Page 1236 LEGEND Proposed Villiage at Playa Vista Preserved Contributors Demolished Contributors Demolished Non-Contributors Transition Zone District Boundary 1995 Hughes Industrial Historic District Boundary JEFFERSON BLVD N Feet Source: Historic Resources Group, July CENTINELA EXISTING TEALE STREET AVENUE Figure 108 Hughes Industrial Historic District

12 experimental flying boat (the Spruce Goose ); a large experimental helicopter, the XH-17 Sky Crane; and the research which resulted in Hughes first radar product for commercial airliners. The majority of the buildings occupying the Hughes Aircraft site were constructed between 1941 and These buildings represent the company s period of significance, the era in which the research and development activities began as a part of the war effort and led to continuous advances in aviation in the years that followed. The rest of the buildings were built between 1954 and 1988, and were to augment the functions of the main complex. Buildings 22 and 45, which are located within the Proposed Project site, were included in the 1991 Historic Property Survey Report s evaluation; however, State Historical Resources Inventory forms (DPR forms) were not prepared, since the buildings were not part of the Project analyzed at that time. Other buildings located within the Proposed Project site, Buildings 23, , 915, 923, and sheds along the west and north ends of the former Salvage Yard were not included in the 1991 evaluation. The locations of these buildings are shown on Figure 109 on page During the Section 106 process conducted as part of the adjacent Playa Vista First Phase Project, the OHP raised questions regarding the boundaries of the identified historic district. These questions were resolved in a Determination of Eligibility Report prepared in Of the 22 buildings located on the plant site in 1995, two of which are located on the Project site, 16 were determined to be contributors to the Hughes Industrial Historic District. All of the 16 contributors are located outside of the Proposed Project boundaries, but are within the boundaries of the adjacent Playa Vista First Phase Project site. In coordination with this activity in 1995, DPR forms were prepared for Buildings 22 and 45, as they were part of the projects under consideration at that time (i.e., the Howard Hughes Industrial Historic District). These are the two buildings identified above as being located within the Proposed Project site. Complete discussions of the historic district boundaries are contained in the 1991 and 1995 reports, included in Appendix O-5 of the EIR Potential Historic Resources within the Proposed Project Site Each of the buildings located within the Proposed Project site (Buildings 22, 23, 45, 910, 911, 913, 915, 923, and the shed along the west side of the former Salvage Yard) evaluated in the current survey process were support facilities for the larger Hughes Aircraft Company complex. All of these buildings were initially used for storage purposes except for Building 45, a hangar, Building 22, a power plant and Building 23, a test building. Eventually, these buildings were also utilized as storage facilities. While a part of the overall facility, these buildings are all located outside of the identified Hughes Industrial Historic District. Buildings 22 and 45 were previously identified and evaluated as non-contributing buildings to the historic district because Page 1237

13 McConnell Avenue Westlawn Avenue Campus Center Drive Urban Development Component Jefferson Boulevard Augustin Place Runway Road Runway Road 3rd St A Street 4th St Dawn Creek Discovery Creek 1st Street B Street Bluff Creek Drive 915 2nd Street 45 Millennium RIPARIAN Bluffs Bluffs Storage Shed (Originally Part of 915) CORRIDOR CORRIDOR 22 Habitat Creation / Restoration Component LEGEND Transition Zone District Boundary 1995 Hughes Industrial Historic District Boundary Urban Development Component Habitat Creation / Restoration Component # Existing Structure Identification Number N Feet Figure 109 Existing Structures Located within the Proposed Project Site Source: PCR Services Corporation and Historic Resources Group, July 2003 Page 1238

14 they are situated outside of the historic district s defined boundaries. The status of each of the buildings is summarized in Table 184 on page 1240 and described as follows. Building 22: Power Plant The building is sited outside, and to the west of the Hughes Industrial Historic District. Built in 1942, Building 22 was among the first built on the property. The 1991 Survey Report stated that Building 22 was built in 1953, since this was when the building was moved to its current location. Its original construction date has now been corrected based on review of plans and drawings held by the Project Applicant. Entirely utilitarian in design, it is a one-story, rounded roofed rectangular shaped structure with a parapet. The framing system is comprised of a combination of wood and steel materials. The exterior and the interior walls are sheathed with stucco. Doors and fenestration are also utilitarian in nature. The building has a composition roof set on wood beams and bowstring trusses. The interior floor is concrete. Building 22 was originally located within the Historic District boundaries at the southwest quadrant of the now-demolished Building 6. It was initially used to house emergency power diesel generators. The building was relocated in 1949, to an area outside of the established District where Building 45 is currently located. Upon relocation, it was used for airplane repair activities (paint and upholstery). In 1953, Building 22 was moved again to its current location for the construction of Building 45. At its current location, it was used as a Flight and Service Warehouse and government storage space. Since 1994, Building 22 has been used for movie set storage. Though Building 22 was constructed in 1942, within the Hughes Industrial Historic District s period of significance ( ), it was moved in 1949 to a location outside the established boundaries of the Historic District. It, therefore, has been assigned a National Register status code of 6Y In accordance with Section (a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, this building is not considered a historical resource for the purposes of CEQA compliance. Building 23: Old Test Building Building 23 is located outside, and to the west, of the Hughes Industrial Historic District. Built between 1941 and 1943, Building 23 is utilitarian in design. The one-story structure is 589 California Office of Historic Preservation National Register Status Codes 6Y2: Property determined ineligible for listing in the National Register through a consensus determination of a federal agency and the State Historic Preservation Officer. Page 1239

15 Table 184 PROPERTIES SURVEYED WITHIN THE CURRENT STUDY AREA Building Description Year Built Rating 22 Power Plant Y2 23 Old Test Building Between Z1 45 Aircraft Hangar Y2 910 F-3, Warehouse Before Z1 911 K-6, Paint Storage Z1 912 K-2, Plumbing and Electrical Storage Z1 913 K-1, Janitor Stores Z1 915 F-2, Lumber Shelter, Building T Z1 923 K-23, Ammunition Storage Shed Z1 Storage Sheds Portions of Salvage Yard (originally part of 915) Between Z1 6Y2 Property determined ineligible for federal, state, and local designation by the applicable regulatory agencies (e.g., State Office of Historic preservation, etc.) 6Z1 Property found ineligible for federal, state, and local designation based on an evaluation conducted by a qualified expert. Source: Historic Resources Group/PCR Services Corporation, capped with a flat roof covered and sheathed with stucco. Each of the building s elevations is punctuated by a number of doors and window openings. Originally located in the general area currently occupied by Building 45, which is outside the Historic District boundary, Building 23 was moved to its current location in the former Salvage Yard in 1954, when construction was to begin on Building 45. The building was once referred to as the Old Test Building. After it was relocated, Building 23 was used as offices and as a warehouse for storage. It is currently vacant. Though Building 23 was completed in 1943, within the Hughes Industrial Historic District s period of significance ( ), it is located outside of the district s established boundaries. It, therefore, has been assigned a National Register status code of 6Z In accordance with Section (a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, this building is not considered a historical resource for the purposes of CEQA compliance. 590 California Office of Historic Preservation National Register Status Codes 6Z1: Property determined ineligible for federal, state, and local designation. Page 1240

16 Building 45: Aircraft Hangar Sited outside of the National Register eligible Hughes Industrial Historic District boundary, Building 45 is considered a non-contributor because of its age and location. Constructed in 1954, the one-story hangar building is utilitarian in design, and is of steel frame construction. Rectangular in shape with an arched shaped bow roof, the building is wrapped with vertically ribbed corrugated iron metal siding. A large hangar-style sliding door defines the entire east elevation. Building 45 was used for aircraft maintenance and repair and helicopter maintenance training. Beside a large open bay area in its interior space, it also included a radio shop, machine shop, and warehouse. In 1980, the hangar was used as a training center for the assembling and disassembling of Apache helicopters. It was leased as a tire warehousing facility for part of the 1980s to 1990s. Building 45 has been used as a movie soundstage, mill, model shop, and storage area since the 1990s. As stated above, Building 45 was constructed in 1954, outside of the Hughes Industrial Historic District s period of significance ( ), and is located outside of the District s established boundaries. It is, therefore, considered a non-contributor to this historic district and has been assigned a National Register status code of 6Y2. In accordance with Section (a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, this building is not considered a historical resource for the purposes of CEQA compliance. Building 910: Warehouse Building 910 was completed prior to 1953, which places its construction within the Hughes Industrial Historic District s period of significance ( ). However, it too is located outside of the District s established boundaries. Because of its age and location it has been assigned a National Register status code of 6Z1. As such, and in accordance with Section (a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, this building is not considered a historical resource for the purposes of CEQA compliance. This structure is not entirely used, except for storage. Building 911: Paint Storage Building 911 was construction in 1943, which places its construction within the Hughes Industrial Historic District s period of significance ( ). It is located outside of the District s established boundaries. Because of its location it has been assigned a National Register status code of 6Z1. As such, and in accordance with Section (a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, this building is not considered a historical resource for the purposes of CEQA compliance. This structure is not entirely used, except for storage. Page 1241

17 Building 912: Plumbing and Electrical Storage Building 912 was also erected in 1943, which places its construction within the Hughes Industrial Historic District s period of significance ( ). However, it is located outside of the District s established boundaries. It, therefore, has been given a National Register status code of 6Z1. As such, and in accordance with Section (a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, this building is not considered a historical resource for the purposes of CEQA compliance. This structure is not entirely used, except for storage. Building 913: Janitor Stores Building 913 was also constructed in 1943, which places its construction within the Hughes Industrial Historic District s period of significance ( ). It too is located outside of the District s established boundaries. It, therefore, has been assigned a National Register status code of 6Z1. As such, and in accordance with Section (a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, this building is not considered a historical resource for the purposes of CEQA compliance. This structure is not entirely used, except for storage. Building 915 and Shed: Lumber Shelter Building 915 (and the shed on the west side of the former Salvage Yard, which was originally part of the Building 915 structure) was built in 1953, which places its construction within the Hughes Industrial Historic District s period of significance ( ). However, it too is located outside of the District s established boundaries. Therefore, Building 915 has been assigned a National Register status code of 6Z1. As such, and in accordance with Section (a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, this building is not a historical resource for the purposes of CEQA compliance. This structure is not entirely used, except for storage. Building 923: Ammunition Storage Shed Building 923 was constructed in 1951, which places its construction within the Hughes Industrial Historic District s period of significance ( ), but outside of the District s established boundaries. It, therefore, has been assigned a National Register status code of 6Z1. As such, and in accordance with Section (a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, this building is not a historical resource for the purposes of CEQA compliance. This structure is not entirely used, except for storage. Page 1242

18 3.0 IMPACT ANALYSIS 3.1 Methodology This current analysis is based on the Historical Assessment Memorandum prepared by Historic Resources Group (Appendix O-7 of the EIR). 591 This historical assessment is based in part on a review of previous historic evaluations and environmental documentation regarding properties within, and in the vicinity of the Proposed Project site. The previous evaluations and environmental documentation reviewed were prepared in connection with an evaluation of historic resources for National Register Eligibility, pursuant to the requirements and protocols of Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of Those evaluations resulted in the identification of the Hughes Industrial Historic District in an area adjacent to the Proposed Project site. While some buildings within the current Proposed Project site were evaluated, it was determined that these building were not part of the Hughes Industrial Historic District. As part of the Section 106 process, the State Historic Preservation Officer and the Army Corps of Engineers concurred in the determination of the eligibility of the Historic District. 593 This review of the previous documentation was supplemented by an additional site survey performed on February 28, This site visit was conducted to evaluate all of properties within the Proposed Project site. Additionally, relevant existing plans and drawings of the properties were reviewed. Information on the date and method of construction of each of the buildings within the Proposed Project site was collected or verified. Each of the buildings was evaluated for historical significance pursuant to Section (a)(2)-(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, as well as National Register and City of Los Angeles criteria. 3.2 Significance Thresholds The Draft Los Angeles CEQA Thresholds Guide (p.m.3-3) states that a project would normally have a significant impact on historic resources if it would result in a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historic resource. A substantial adverse change in significance occurs if the project involves: 591 Historic Resources Group, (HRG), Memorandum re: Historical Assessment of Playa Vista site, May 2, Previous documentation reviewed included the Playa Vista Entertainment, Media and Technology District Mitigated Negative Declaration and Addendum to the Environmental Impact Report for the Playa Vista First Phase (EIR No SUB(C)(CUZ)(CUB); State Clearinghouse No ), an accompanying Technical Report, Hughes Industrial Historic District, City of Los Angeles, August Historic Resources Group, Hughes Industrial Historic District, Historic Resource Treatment Plan, Volume 1, p. 2, January 16, Page 1243

19 Demolition of a significant resource; Relocation that does not maintain the integrity and (historical/architectural) significance of a significant resource; Conversion, rehabilitation, or alteration of a significant resource which does not conform to the Secretary of the Interior s Standards for Rehabilitation and Guidelines for Rehabilitating Historic Buildings; or Construction that reduces the integrity or significance of important resources on the site or in the vicinity. Based on these factors, the Proposed Project would have a significant impact on Historic Resources, if: The Project would demolish, destruct, relocate or alter a historical resource such that the significance of the historical resource would be materially impaired; or The Project would reduce the integrity or significance of important resources on the site or in the vicinity. 3.3 Project Design Features The Proposed Project does not include any design features regarding potential effects on Historic Resources. 3.4 Project Impacts Proposed Project Impacts The two significance thresholds for historic resources are based on consideration of both the thresholds described in the Draft Los Angeles CEQA Thresholds Guide (City Guide) and the provisions of CEQA (State CEQA Guidelines, 14 CCR Section (b)(1)). Both guidelines define significance based on the identification of activities that would cause a substantial adverse change to the significance of a resource. The City Guide identifies four activities that could cause a significant impact (see Subsection 3.2, above). The first three activities are included within the first significance threshold, which is based on the significance language CEQA Guidelines, and is oriented towards potential impacts on structures within the Project site. The fourth activity in the City Guide pertains to the potential effect on the integrity of resources on the site or in the vicinity and has been incorporated into the second significance threshold. Page 1244

20 The Proposed Project would demolish all of the existing buildings and structures within the Proposed Project site. Each of these structures is described and evaluated in Subsection above. As indicated therein, none of the existing buildings and structures is considered a historical resource for the purposes of CEQA compliance. Therefore, the Proposed Project would not demolish, destruct, relocate or alter a historical resource such that the significance of a historical resource would be materially impaired. The Proposed Project would alter the Project site through the development of new structures in an area that lies outside of, but in the vicinity of the Hughes Industrial Historic District. Development within the Historic District, and an adjacent transition zone, is subject to the rehabilitation and new construction guidelines established in the Historic Resource Treatment Plan. 594 The transition zone identifies a surrounding area in which new construction should be compatible with the historic character of the District and its contributing components so as to maintain the integrity of the District. As illustrated in Figure 109 on page 1238, the Proposed Project is located outside of both the District boundaries and the transition zone. Thus, Project development would have no effects regarding the implementation of the Historic Resource Treatment Plan, nor its criteria to maintain the integrity of the District. Therefore, the Proposed Project would not reduce the integrity of significance of important resources on the site or in the vicinity. Since the Proposed Project would not demolish, destruct, relocate or alter any historical resources, and would not reduce the integrity of important resources in the site or its vicinity, the Proposed Project s impacts on historical resources would be less than significant Equivalency Program Impacts The preceding analysis addressed the Project s potential impact on on-site historic resources as well as historic resources in the vicinity of the Proposed Project site. As described above, the Proposed Project would require the demolition of all of the structures within the Proposed Project site, but none of these structures are considered to be historic resources. Implementation of the Equivalency Program would require the demolition of the same structures. However, since, the structures are not historic resources, implementation of the Equivalency Program, as is the case with the Proposed Project, would not cause the demolition, destruction, relocation or alteration of a historical resource. 594 Hughes Industrial Historic District, Historic Resource Treatment Plan, January 16, Page 1245

21 As further discussed above, buildings associated with the Proposed Project would be well beyond the boundaries of the Hughes Industrial Historic District and its transition zone, and would therefore not reduce the integrity or significance of important on-site resources or resources in the vicinity of the Project site. The exchange of office uses for retail and/or assisted living units would be accomplished within the same building parameters, and would occur at relatively limited locations within the Project site. Therefore, all development under the Equivalency Program would also avoid impacts on the integrity or significance of important resources. Impacts on historic resources under the Equivalency Program, as is the case with the Proposed Project, would be less than significant Impacts of Off-Site Improvements Proposed Project development could result in secondary impacts arising from implementation of the Project s mitigation measures, as well as the direct impacts described above. Mitigation measures within Section IV.K.(1), Traffic and Circulation, require physical improvements in transportation facilities at numerous locations including roadway widening at seven locations, as described in Subsection 5.8 of that Section. In addition, as discussed in Section IV.N.(1), Water Consumption, the Proposed Project would require the construction of a water regulator station in the vicinity of Jefferson Boulevard and Mesmer Avenue. No impacts are expected to occur to historic resources. No structures would be affected by the off-site improvements, and therefore, no historic structures would be affected. Excavation for the off-site improvements would be surficial and located in previously disturbed areas. All of the off-site improvements except the water regulator station occur within or adjacent to existing roadways. The water regulator station would include a small amount of piping equipment that would most likely be located just above ground. Excavation would be required to the depth of the existing main water line. Further, a historic records search was performed to identify potential resources in the area of the proposed improvements. 595 The records search did not identify any resources that would be affected. One of the reports identified in the search pertains to the monitoring of previous construction activities involving the median between North Culver and South Culver Boulevard, which is also the location of two of the Proposed Project s roadway widenings. No resources were encountered during the previous construction of the median. The roadway widenings along the median would merely rework the previously disturbed areas. Therefore, none of the off-site 595 Records Search Request for Seven Areas Located in Venice, Inglewood, and Beverly Hills Quadrangles, Los Angeles County, California, South Central Coastal Information Center, California Historical Resources Information System, UCLA Institute of Technology Page 1246

22 improvements would result in significant impacts, unto themselves, nor would the off-site improvements, in combination with the Proposed Project result in a significant impact. 4.0 MITIGATION MEASURES The Proposed Project, inclusive of the Equivalency Program and the proposed off-site improvements, would have no impacts on historic resources. Therefore, no mitigation measures are recommended or required for the Proposed Project, inclusive of the Equivalency Program and off-site improvements. 5.0 UNAVOIDABLE ADVERSE EFFECTS The Proposed Project, inclusive of the Equivalency Program and the proposed off-site improvements, would have no impacts on any historic resources. 6.0 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS As described above, the Proposed Project, inclusive of the Equivalency Program and the proposed off-site improvements, would have no impact on historic resources and therefore would not contribute to cumulative impacts on historic resources. Except as noted below, the related projects are somewhat distantly located from the Proposed Project, inclusive of the Equivalency Program, and do not bear a close physical relationship to it, or the proposed off-site improvements, for the purposes of resulting in a cumulative historic resources impact. Further, based on available information, none of these related projects are known to contain historic resources. To the extent that historic resources within these related projects are identified at a later date, adverse impacts may occur. However, it is anticipated that should this occur, any activities that did occur involving these related projects would be subject to review under CEQA and would be mitigated to avoid or limit potential impacts. The only known related project that contains historic resources is Related Project 40, the Playa Vista First Phase Project, located adjacent to the Proposed Project site. As described in Subsection 3.0 above, all development within the Hughes Industrial Historic District that lies within that project is subject to rehabilitation and new construction guidelines to preserve the integrity of the District. Therefore, the Playa Vista First Phase Project would not have a significant impact on its historic resources, and as described above, the Proposed Project, inclusive of the Equivalency Program, and the proposed off-site improvements are located sufficiently far from the District to avoid impacts on the integrity of the District. The Proposed Page 1247