City of South Pasadena Historic Resources Survey. January 12, 2017 ADMINISTRATIVE DRAFT REPORT

Transcription

1 January 12, S. Fair Oaks Avenue, Suite 200, Pasadena, CA Telephone , Facsimile

2 PREPARED FOR Planning & Building 1414 Mission Street South Pasadena, CA Citywide

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 Introduction 12 Guidelines for Evaluation 18 Survey Methodology 24 Survey Results: Individually Eligible Historic Resources 28 Survey Results: Historic Districts 28 Recommendations 86 Glossary of Terms Appendices Appendix A: California Historical Resource Status Codes Appendix B: Individually Designated Resources Appendix C: Updated City Inventory of Cultural Resources (Individual Properties) Citywide

4 4 INTRODUCTION As part of the s ongoing efforts to identify and evaluate potential historic resources, the City received a State of California Certified Local Government (CLG) grant for the period to prepare an updated Citywide Historic Context Statement. 1 As a follow-up to that effort, in 2015 South Pasadena commissioned a Citywide and Inventory of Addresses Survey Update of all properties/resources constructed through The survey project was conducted between in three phases: 1. Phase 1: Caltrans State Route 710 North Area of Potential Effects (APE) as identified in the Draft Environmental Impact Report; 3 2. Phase 2: Survey of modern resources constructed between 1935 and 1972; 4 and 3. Phase 3: Update the City Inventory of Addresses. 5 Although the survey was conducted in phases and each phase is discussed separately in this report, the survey findings have been consolidated in order to create an updated City Inventory of Addresses (the Inventory ) 6 from all three phases moving forward. The Inventory consists of all locally eligible properties, including properties that are individually significant, properties that are contributors to historic districts, and properties that are located within potential planning districts. 7 Planning districts and remnant features such as stone walls, bridges, and other improvements have been assigned a 6L status code, indicating that they merit special consideration in the local planning process. 1 Historic Resources Group, Historic Context Statement, December This date was chosen to be consistent with the periods of significance outlined in the Historic Context Statement. 3 State of California Department of Transportation and the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority, Draft Environmental Impact Report/Environmental Impact Statement and Draft Section 4(f) De Minimis Findings, Volume I and II, March LSA Associates, Inc. and California Department of Transportation, District 7, Historical Resources Evaluation Report for the State Route 710 North Study, December 2014 and accompanying California Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) forms for recording historical resources. 4 This date was chosen to be consistent with the periods of significance outlined in the Historic Context Statement. 5 As of 2017, the City Inventory of Addresses will be referred to as the South Pasadena Inventory of Cultural Resources. 6 As of 2017, the City Inventory of Addresses will be referred to as the South Pasadena Inventory of Cultural Resources. 7 The distinction between historic districts and planning districts is discussed in the Survey Results: Historic Districts section of this report. Citywide

5 5 These properties are included on the Inventory in order to provide clarity to City planners and property owners. The principal goals of the historic resources survey are: to update the City s out-of-date surveys and the Inventory of Addresses in accordance with applicable criteria and the Multiple-Property Documentation (MPD) framework provided in the 2014 Historic Context Statement; to conduct surveys of all mid-century-era properties and resources in the City, in light of the themes of significance and property types identified in the Historic Context Statement; to carry forward documentation on a select number of outstanding mid-centuryera historic districts and individually eligible resources; and to create and provide an efficient, user-friendly method for accessing and sharing survey data with the public, stakeholders, Cultural Heritage Commission (CHC), and City staff through the use of state-of-the-art survey techniques and creation of a searchable database and/or Arc-GIS data/shape files easily adapted to the City s Arc-GIS and mapping system. The project was conducted by Christine Lazzaretto, Principal; Molly Iker, Associate Architectural Historian; and Robby Aranguren, Planning Associate. All staff meet the Secretary of the Interior's qualifications for professionals in historic preservation. 8 It was overseen by John Mayer, Senior Planner,, and the Cultural Heritage Commission. Previous Surveys The City Council commissioned the first comprehensive historic resources survey in The purpose of that survey was to develop an inventory of historic resources and to provide a foundation for their recognition in all future planning processes. The 8 Federal Register, Vol. 48, No. 190, pp , September 29, Citywide

6 6 : Inventory of Addresses was adopted by the City Council on November 30, The Inventory of Addresses includes properties that are designated, formally determined eligible for federal, state, or local listing, or appear eligible for federal, state, or local listing. 9 In accordance with the City s Cultural Heritage Ordinance, all properties on the Inventory are considered historic resources for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). In 2002, the Inventory of Addresses was updated through a reconnaissance-level survey of the City (identified as the Phase I Reconnaissance Level Survey). The 2002 Phase I survey documented 69 potential historic districts and 250 individual properties on Department of Parks and Recreation primary record forms (DPR 523A). In January 2003, Phase II was initiated to complete intensive-level documentation for the multiphase survey project. Phase II consisted of an intensive-level survey of six potential historic districts, and the documentation of 261 individual properties on Department of Parks and Recreation building, structure, and object forms (DPR 523B). As of June 2014, there are approximately 2,567 properties (both individual and district contributors) listed in the Inventory of Addresses. 10 Phase I Survey Phase 1 of the survey included the approximately 325 properties falling within the APE for the Caltrans State Route 710 North Study Draft Environmental Impact Report/Environmental Impact Statement (DEIR/EIS). The DEIR has defined the APE as just above the tunnel imprint, not properties lateral to that imprint that would also be affected. As part of the Programmatic Agreement for the cultural resources study, the State Historic Preservation Officer was consulted regarding the identification of the APE 9 As of 2017, the City Inventory of Addresses will be referred to as the South Pasadena Inventory of Cultural Resources. 10, Inventory of Addresses, June As of 2017, this list will be referred to as the South Pasadena Inventory of Cultural Resources. Citywide

7 7 and the survey findings. 11 A letter of concurrence was received from the SHPO on February 25, In addition, the Phase 1 survey looked at potential historic districts that were partially within the APE. A map illustrating the APE and the adjacent historic districts ( Phase 1 Survey Area ) is included in Figure 1. Phase 2 Survey The Phase 2 survey included a review of all properties and neighborhoods developed between 1935 and in South Pasadena, most of which had not been previously surveyed. All parcels developed during this period are shown in the map in Figure 2. In consultation with the City, a subset of six districts (two potential historic districts and four potential planning districts), and 30 individual resources from this period were documented on the appropriate State of California Department of Parks and Recreation forms for historic resources (DPR forms). Building, Structure, and Object Records (DPR 523B forms) included the appropriate context and theme based on the South Pasadena Historic Context Statement, along with a summary statement of significance. Properties were evaluated for eligibility for federal, state, and local listing. Individual properties, potential historic districts, and potential planning districts were considered. Data for additional properties that were identified during the Phase 2 survey that were not documented on DPR forms has been provided to the City on a study list for future survey efforts. Phase 3 Survey Area The Phase 3 survey included the review of all properties and neighborhoods already listed on the City Inventory of Addresses (the Inventory ). 14 All properties and districts comprising the existing Inventory are shown in the map in Figure 3. These properties were re-evaluated using current survey methodology and eligibility standards under the contexts and themes identified in the 2014 Historic Context Statement. DPR forms for 11 Programmatic Agreement among the Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer, and the California Department of Transportation Regarding Compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as it Pertains to the Administration of the Federal-Aid Highway Program in California, January 1, Correspondence from Carol Rowland-Nawi, State Historic Preservation Officer to Kelly Ewing Toledo, Heritage Resource Coordinator, Caltrans District 7 Division of Environmental Planning, February 25, This date was chosen to be consistent with the periods of significance outlined in the Historic Context Statement. 14 As of 2017, the City Inventory of Addresses will be referred to as the South Pasadena Inventory of Cultural Resources. Citywide

8 8 these properties were not prepared; however, eligible properties were all recorded in the Access-based database. A list of the properties and districts that were previously included on the Inventory but are no longer eligible for local designation has been provided to the City. Citywide

9 9 Figure 1: Phase 1 Survey Map, illustrating the area of study (or Area of Potential Effect) for environmental review of the proposed 710 Freeway. Citywide

10 10 Figure 2: Phase 2 Survey Map, illustrating properties constructed between 1935 and Citywide

11 11 Figure 3: Phase 3 Survey Map, illustrating properties and districts that comprise the City Inventory of Addresses. Citywide

12 12 GUIDELINES FOR EVALUATION A property may be designated as historic by National, State, and local authorities. In order for a building to qualify for listing in the National Register of Historic Places, the California Register of Historical Resources, or as a local landmark, it must meet one or more identified criteria of significance. The property must also retain sufficient architectural integrity to continue to evoke the sense of place and time with which it is historically associated. National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places is an authoritative guide to be used by Federal, State, and local governments, private groups and citizens to identify the Nation's cultural resources and to indicate what properties should be considered for protection from destruction or impairment. 15 The National Park Service administers the National Register program. Listing in the National Register assists in preservation of historic properties in several ways including: recognition that a property is of significance to the nation, the state, or the community; consideration in the planning for federal or federally assisted projects; eligibility for federal tax benefits; and qualification for Federal assistance for historic preservation, when funds are available. To be eligible for listing and/or listed in the National Register, a resource must possess significance in American history and culture, architecture, or archaeology. Listing in the National Register is primarily honorary and does not in and of itself provide protection of an historic resource. The primary effect of listing in the National Register on private owners of historic buildings is the availability of financial and tax incentives. In addition, for projects that receive Federal funding, a clearance process must be completed in accordance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. Furthermore, state and local regulations may apply to properties listed in the National Register. The criteria for listing in the National Register follow guidelines established by the National Park Service for determining the significance of properties. The quality of significance in American history, architecture, archeology, engineering, and culture is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects: A. That are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or 15 36CFR60, Section Citywide

13 13 B. That are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; or C. That embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or D. That have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. 16 Integrity In addition to having historic significance as outlined in the designation criteria, a property must retain sufficient integrity to convey its significance. Integrity is the authenticity of a property s historic identity as evidenced by the survival of physical characteristics that existed during the property s historic period. 17 The National Park Service has defined the following seven aspects of integrity: 18 Location: The place where the historic property was constructed or the place where the historic event occurred. Design: The combination of elements that create the form, plan, space, structure, and style of a property. Setting: The physical environment of a historic property. Materials: The physical elements that were combined or deposited during a particular period of time and in a particular pattern or configuration to form a historic property. Workmanship: The physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture of people during any given period in history or prehistory. Feeling: A property s expression of the aesthetic or historic sense of a particular period of time CFR60, Section Properties have been evaluated based upon the integrity they possess at the time of the field survey. If a property is rehabilitated according to preservation guidelines it may become eligible for designation in the future; however, the property would need to be re-evaluated in order to make that determination. 18 National Register Bulletin 15: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. Washington D.C.: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Citywide

14 14 Association: The direct link between an important historic event or person and a historic property. Historic Districts Standard preservation practice evaluates collections of buildings from similar time periods and historic contexts as historic districts. The National Park Service defines a historic district as a significant concentration, linkage, or continuity of sites, buildings, structures, or objects united historically or aesthetically by plan or physical development. 19 A historic district derives its significance as a single unified entity. Resources that have been found to contribute to the historic identity of a district are referred to as district contributors. Properties located within the district boundaries that do not contribute to its significance are identified as non-contributors. California Register of Historical Resources The California Register is an authoritative guide in California used by State and local agencies, private groups, and citizens to identify the State's historical resources. 20 The criteria for eligibility for listing in the California Register are based upon National Register criteria. Properties are eligible for listing in the California Register that are: 1. Associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of local or regional history or the cultural heritage of California or the United States. 2. Associated with the lives of persons important to local, California or national history. 3. Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region or method of construction or represents the work of a master or possesses high artistic values. 4. Has yielded, or has the potential to yield, information important to the prehistory or history of the local area, California or the nation. 19 National Register Bulletin 15. (5) 20 California PRC, Section (a). Citywide

15 15 The California Register consists of resources that are listed automatically and those that must be nominated through an application and public hearing process. The California Register includes the following: California properties formally determined eligible for (Category 2 in the State Inventory of Historical Resources), or listed in (Category 1 in the State Inventory), the National Register of Historic Places. State Historical Landmarks No. 770 and all consecutively numbered state historical landmarks following No For state historical landmarks preceding No. 770, the Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) shall review their eligibility for the California Register in accordance with procedures to be adopted by the State Historical Resources Commission (commission). Points of historical interest which have been reviewed by the OHP and recommended for listing by the commission for inclusion in the California Register in accordance with criteria adopted by the commission. 21 Local Designation The s Cultural Heritage Ordinance as updated in 1992 contains criteria for the local designation of historic resources: 22 Section 2.73A-14(a)(2) Designation Criteria for Landmarks and Historic Districts. Criteria and standards for the designation of landmarks and historic districts shall include any or all of the following, as applicable: (A) Its character, interest or value as a part of the heritage of the community; (B) Its location as a site of a significant historic event; (C) Its identification with a person, persons or groups who significantly contributed to the culture and development of the city, state or United States; (D) Its exemplification of a particular architectural style of an era of history of the city; 21 California PRC, Section (d). 22 This project was completed prior to the adoption of a revised Cultural Heritage Ordinance that was under development in Citywide

16 16 (E) Its exemplification of the best remaining architectural type in a neighborhood; (F) Its identification as the work of a person or persons whose work has influenced the heritage of the city, the state or the United States; (G) Its embodiment of elements of outstanding attention to architectural design, engineering, detail design, detail, materials or craftsmanship; (H) Its being a part of or related to a square, park or other distinctive area which should be developed or preserved according to a plan based on a historic cultural or architectural motif; (I) Its unique location or singular physical characteristic representing an established and familiar visual feature of a neighborhood; (J) Its potential of yielding information of archaeological interest; (K) Its integrity as a natural feature or environment that strongly contributes to the well-being of the people of the city; (L) Its significance as a distinguishable neighborhood or area whose components may lack individual distinction; (M) With respect to the designation of a historic district, not less than fifty percent plus one of all affected owners of the proposed historic district must consent to such designation. Each parcel or lot shall be entitled to only one vote per parcel or lot. By way of example only, if the proposed historic district were composed of twenty parcels, then eleven property owners would be required to consent to the designation; (N) Subject to review and approval by the city council, the commission may by resolution adopt additional or more detailed criteria and standards for the determination of designation of landmarks and historic districts. Section 2.73A-14(a) (2) (H), (L) and (M) provide criteria specifically related to districts. In addition, Section 2.73A-14(a)(2)(N) allows for the commission to adopt by resolution additional and more detailed criteria and standards for the designation of landmarks and historic districts subject to the review and approval of the city council. Planning Districts In addition to the identification of potential historic districts, this survey identified a number of potential planning districts. In general, these potential planning districts do Citywide

17 not retain sufficient historic integrity for designation as a historic district. However, they represent geographically contiguous areas that are united historically or aesthetically by plan or physical development, and they have qualities that may warrant special consideration or approaches to development. In the evaluation of a planning district, individual contributors and non-contributors are not identified; instead the overall character of the neighborhood and any important planning features are documented for future consideration. A planning district may have: 17 distinctive or cohesive building features, such as period of construction, style, size, scale, detailing, or massing; or period streetscape features, such as light fixtures, signage, benches, or curb markers; or site planning or natural features, such as lot platting, distinctive street patterns, setbacks, alleyways, sidewalks, or landscape features. For clarity for both the public and City staff, all properties that are located within the boundaries of a potential planning district are included in the Inventory, with the status code of 6L ( may warrant special consideration in local planning ). Citywide

18 SURVEY METHODOLOGY 18 Phase 1 At the outset of the project, HRG reviewed all previous evaluations for properties within the Phase 1 Survey Area. This included those properties: identified in the City Inventory of Addresses; evaluated as potentially eligible in previous survey efforts on behalf of the ; listed in the California Historical Resources Inventory (HRI); and identified as potential historic resources in the cultural resources study of the Draft Environmental Impact Report (DEIR) for the proposed 710 Freeway extension. Notes on the cultural resources study of the DEIR: There is a Programmatic Agreement addressing the survey methodology for the 710 study to ensure compliance with Section 106; 23 the general framework outlined in the Programmatic Agreement was also used to review potential historic resources under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). Although Caltrans is the Lead Agency, survey findings were submitted to the California State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) for review and comment. The DEIR includes letters of concurrence between Caltrans and the SHPO regarding the APE and the properties that will be considered resources under CEQA, along with other documents addressing cultural resources determinations in Attachment H of the DEIR. 24 In general, the cultural resources study of the DEIR looked at properties constructed before In the cultural resources study of the DEIR, potential historic resources within the APE and in the adjacent districts were evaluated for eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places and the California Register of Historical Resources; properties were not evaluated for eligibility under the local ordinance. The 2015 Phase 1 survey evaluated properties according to the contexts and themes outlined in the South Pasadena Historic Context Statement. Individual properties and 23 Programmatic Agreement among the Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer, and the California Department of Transportation Regarding Compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as it Pertains to the Administration of the Federal-Aid Highway Program in California, January 1, Correspondence from Carol Rowland-Nawi, State Historic Preservation Officer to Kelly Ewing Toledo, Heritage Resource Coordinator, Caltrans District 7 Division of Environmental Planning, February 25, 2015; and other correspondence included in Attachment H: Determination Documentation of the DEIR. Citywide

19 potential historic districts were evaluated for designation at the federal, state, and local levels. Data collected by previous survey efforts, including the cultural resources study of the DEIR, informed this effort. The findings of the cultural resources study and the concurrence letters between SHPO and Caltrans were consulted; however, an independent review of all properties within the APE and in the immediately adjacent potential historic districts was undertaken as part of the 2015 Phase 1 Survey effort. Properties that have been designated or formally determined eligible for designation were not re-evaluated as part of this effort. 19 Phase 2 At the outset of the second phase of the project, HRG reviewed all previous evaluations for properties constructed between 1935 and 1972, 25 including designated properties; properties identified in the City Inventory of Addresses (the Inventory ; 26 properties identified by previous survey efforts on behalf of the ; and properties listed in the California Historical Resources Inventory (HRI). Following the compilation of previous data, HRG conducted background research on properties constructed during this period. This included reviewing the citywide historic context statement, the American Institute of Architects online resources, building permits, and other primary and secondary sources. Based on this research, a preliminary study list was developed to inform the reconnaissance survey and further research efforts. Using the preliminary study list and the map of the city coded to identify properties constructed between 1935 and (shown in Figure 2), HRG conducted a citywide reconnaissance survey to review properties in the field. The field team identified properties that appeared eligible for individual designation, as well as geographicallydefinable areas that appeared eligible for designation as historic districts or planning districts. All fieldwork was conducted from the public right-of-way. Following the reconnaissance survey, additional research was conducted on neighborhoods and individual properties. This included primary source research at the South Pasadena Public Library, including issues of the Foothill Review and South Pasadena Review from 1934 to 1975, historic photographs, South Pasadena lease agreements, City directories, 25 This date was chosen to be consistent with the periods of significance outlined in the Historic Context Statement. 26 As of 2017, the City Inventory of Addresses will be referred to as the South Pasadena Inventory of Cultural Resources. 27 This date was chosen to be consistent with the periods of significance outlined in the Historic Context Statement. Citywide

20 and job cards, along with additional follow-up research on tract development and architects from the period. Because the modern era has not been previously studied in detail in South Pasadena, building permit research on properties on the study list was conducted to identify important architects, designers, and builders working in the city during the period; permits were also used to confirm construction dates and identify alterations. 20 Based on the results of the reconnaissance survey and follow-up research, a revised study list was compiled for review and discussion with the City. This was followed by a Community Outreach Meeting (held on November 16, 2015) to inform the public of the survey process and solicit feedback and input on the overall survey methodology and any potentially significant properties or neighborhoods. Following the research and outreach phase, a final survey list was compiled for further documentation and creation of a list of properties for future study. As noted above, a subset of six districts (two potential historic districts and four potential planning districts), and 30 individual resources from this period were documented on the appropriate State of California Department of Parks and Recreation forms for historic resources (DPR forms). These properties were also documented in the Access-based database created for this project. Phase 3 At the outset of the third phase of the project, HRG reviewed all previous evaluations for properties on the City Inventory of Addresses (the Inventory ). 28 Analysis of the Inventory was conducted to determine the types of properties identified as potential resources in previous surveys and the associated integrity thresholds for each resource type. HRG evaluated each property according to the contexts, themes, eligibility standards, and integrity thresholds as outlined in the South Pasadena Historic Context Statement. The analysis considered rarity of type or style; historic association; and relationship to larger development patterns in the area. Each surveyed property was evaluated for eligibility for listing in the National Register, the California Register, and for local designation as an individual historic resource and/or as part of a historic district. Neighborhoods that may not retain sufficient integrity for designation as historic districts were also evaluated as potential local 28 As of 2017, the City Inventory of Addresses will be referred to as the South Pasadena Inventory of Cultural Resources. Citywide

21 planning districts. Properties and districts that have been designated or formally determined eligible for designation were not re-evaluated as part of this study. 21 As a result of this effort, some properties and districts have been recommended for removal from the Inventory for one of the following reasons: Demolition Substantial alteration (including inappropriate additions that are visible from the public right-of-way, or replacement of original materials) such that a property no longer conveys its historic significance, or it does not meet the integrity thresholds established in the historic context statement Does not represent a context or theme important in South Pasadena history Does not reflect current preservation practice (e.g. small clusters of residences that do not have distinguishing characteristics and therefore do not meet current standards for the identification of historic districts) California Historical Resources Status Codes The last survey for the was completed in 2002, and the applicable National Register of Historic Places Status Codes were assigned. Those status codes were included in the City s Inventory of Addresses. In 2003, in order to simplify and clarify the identification, evaluation, and understanding of California s historic resources the California Office of Historic Preservation updated the codes to reflect the application of California Register and local criterion, and the name was changed to California Historical Resources Status Codes. 29 Therefore, for reference purposes, the Access-based database created for this project includes the 2002 status codes from the City s Inventory of Addresses, the 2003 translation of those codes into the new system, and 2016 recommended codes based on the updated evaluations. The State Office of Historic Preservation provides the following qualifying statement in its guidance for using the Status Codes: 29 California State Office of Historic Preservation, Department of Parks & Recreation, Technical Assistance Bulletin #8, User s Guide to the California Historical Resource Status Codes & Historic Resources Inventory Directory, November Available online: Citywide

22 The status codes are broad indicators which, in most cases, serve as a starting place for further consideration and evaluations. Because the assigned status code reflects an opinion or action taken at a specific point in time, the assigned status code may not accurately reflect the resource s eligibility for the National Register, California Register, or local listing or designation at some later time. Individuals and agencies attempting to identify and evaluate historical resources need to consider the basis for evaluation upon which a particular code was assigned, i.e., date of evaluation, the reason and criteria applied for evaluation, the age of the resource at the time of evaluation, and any changes that may have been made to the resource that would impact its integrity A complete list of the Status Codes can be found in Appendix A. The most commonly applied Status Codes in this survey are as follows: 3D/3CD/5D3 Appears eligible for NR/CR/local as a contributor to an eligible district through survey evaluation. 3B/3CB/5B Appears eligible for NR/CR/local both individually and as a contributor to an eligible district through survey evaluation. 3S/3CS/5S3 Appears eligible for NR/CR/local as an individual property through survey evaluation. 6L Determined ineligible for local listing or designation through local review process; may warrant special consideration in local planning. 6Z Found ineligible for local designation through survey evaluation. 31 7R Identified in Reconnaissance Level Survey: Not evaluated. 30 California State Office of Historic Preservation, Technical Assistance Bulletin #8, The 6Z status code was assigned to properties that were previously included on the Inventory, but which are no longer eligible; a list of those properties has been provided to City staff for reference. The updated Inventory identifies only those properties that are eligible for historic designation; therefore, properties on the Inventory list will not have 6Z status codes. 6L properties are included on the list, in order to provide clarity to the public and City staff regarding the status of those properties, as they do require additional analysis and review prior to a proposed project. Citywide

23 Data Management All property-specific information for eligible individual properties and historic districts has been compiled into an Access-based database. All three phases of the survey have been consolidated into a single database. The database includes baseline data for each property per the Los Angeles County Tax Assessor (address, Assessor Parcel Number, date of construction, and property type), and all previous California Historical Resources Status Codes. If there was a DPR form produced as part of a previous survey, a summary of that information is included in the database for reference. The updated evaluations include a current photograph, documentation of alterations, identification of the context/theme from the historic context statement, a brief statement of significance, and an updated status code. All properties from the Phase 1 and Phase 3 survey areas have been surveyed previously; therefore, architectural descriptions were not undertaken as part of this effort, consistent with requirements for updates to DPR forms. As noted previously, data for the Phase 2 survey (Modern-era resources) includes documentation (including architectural descriptions) for the 30 individually-eligible properties documented on DPR forms. Properties recommended for inclusion on the study list for future surveys are included in the database with baseline information and a recommended status code. 23 A property list of individual properties recommended for removal from the Inventory has been provided to the City, along with a digital photograph and brief reason statement supporting the determination. A list of districts recommended for removal from the Inventory will also be provided; note that all properties within districts recommended for removal from the Inventory have been evaluated for potential individual significance. The database is compatible with ARC GIS and therefore all survey findings can be linked to the City s GIS system. Citywide

24 SURVEY RESULTS: INDIVIDUALLY ELIGIBLE HISTORIC RESOURCES Phase 1 There are approximately 325 properties within the APE for the SR 710 DEIR. 33 The majority of the properties within the Phase 1 Survey Area are residential; of these, most are single-family with some multi-family examples. Properties that have been designated at the federal, state, or local levels, or have been formally determined eligible for designation were not re-evaluated as part of this effort. The Phase 1 survey identified 34 individual properties that appear eligible for listing at the federal, state, and/or local levels. These properties have been consolidated with the survey findings from Phase 2 and Phase 3, and will be part of the updated City Inventory of Addresses. 34 Phase 2 The Phase 2 survey identified 79 individual properties constructed between 1935 and that appear eligible for designation at the federal, state, and/or local levels. Of these, in consultation with City staff and a sub-committee of the Cultural Heritage Commission, 30 properties were selected for documentation on DPR 523A and B forms. These properties have also been consolidated with the Phase 1 and Phase 3 survey findings, and will be part of the updated City Inventory of Addresses. Properties constructed during this period that were not documented as part of this project will remain on the study list for future survey efforts. The study list was compiled based on results of research, including permits, the reconnaissance survey, and preliminary evaluations using the contexts and themes developed in the Historic Context Statement. The list includes single- and multi-family properties, commercial buildings, and institutional properties. The list of single-family 32 The survey findings are discussed by Phase for clarity and consistency with the methodology for each; however, the updated Inventory includes all properties identified as potentially eligible historic resources from all three phases of the project. 33 The DEIR has defined the APE as just above the tunnel imprint, not properties lateral to that imprint that would also be affected. Several potential historic districts immediately adjacent to the APE were also reviewed as part of the cultural resources study in the DEIR. 34 As of 2017, the City Inventory of Addresses will be referred to as the South Pasadena Inventory of Cultural Resources. 35 This date was chosen to be consistent with the periods of significance outlined in the Historic Context Statement. Citywide

25 properties includes individually significant properties that are located within historic or planning districts. A large selection of multi-family residential properties was included on the study list in order to provide a comparative analysis of these properties and determine those that should be documented as part of this effort. 25 Update to Existing Citywide Inventory of Addresses (completed in Phase 3) There are approximately 2, properties listed in the existing City Inventory of Addresses; 37 this includes both individually eligible properties and contributors to historic districts. Individually eligible properties that are in the APE for the 710 Freeway or were constructed between 1935 and were surveyed during Phase 1 and Phase 2; the remainder of the properties on the Inventory were reviewed in Phase 3. All properties documented in Phases 1, 2, and 3 of the survey have been consolidated for inclusion on the updated City Inventory of Addresses, which is now referred to as the South Pasadena Inventory of Cultural Resources. 39 As a result, the updated Inventory comprises: 443 individually eligible properties; of these, 83 are also contributors to potential historic districts. 935 contributors to potential historic districts; of these, 83 are also individually eligible properties. 46 properties that are listed in the current Inventory, but are not visible from the public right-of-way; these are included in the updated Inventory list with the appropriate status code (7R) indicating that additional information about the property s integrity is needed to complete the evaluation. 36 Some addresses were duplicates or incorrectly listed, so this number is approximate. Phases 1 and 2 included several individual properties and historic districts listed in the City Inventory of Addresses. 37 As of 2017, the City Inventory of Addresses will be referred to as the South Pasadena Inventory of Cultural Resources. 38 This date was chosen to be consistent with the periods of significance outlined in the Historic Context Statement. 39 As of 2017, the City Inventory of Addresses will be referred to as the South Pasadena Inventory of Cultural Resources. Citywide

26 24 remnant features (stone walls and other features) that are included in the Inventory for consideration in the local planning process (status code 6L). All properties located within the boundaries of each of the 11 potential planning districts identified during this survey (status code 6L) The survey update followed the eligibility thresholds, integrity considerations, and registration requirements as outlined in the Historic Context Statement. Some general notes on the evaluation of historic resources in South Pasadena: Residences constructed from the late 19 th through the early 20 th century represent some of the earliest building stock in the city, and reflect early development and settlement patterns; therefore, they are evaluated as eligible under local criterion B (association with events/patterns of development). Excellent examples of a style or type may also be eligible for their architectural merit. Individual properties from later periods of development are not typically eligible under local criterion B, unless they have a proven association with, or were a catalyst for, a type or period of development. Properties eligible for development patterns from later periods (1920s through the post-world War II era) are captured as contributors to historic districts. Individual properties from later periods are typically eligible for their architectural merit, or for a historic or cultural association. Multi-family residential development in South Pasadena played a specific role in the development of the city. Therefore, there are individual examples from all periods of development that are eligible under local criterion B. Due to high quality of architecture in South Pasadena, properties that are individually eligible for their architectural merit are excellent or rare examples of their style and have a high degree of historic integrity. The post-world War II subdivision of Altos de Monterey was identified as a potential planning district due to its development history and cohesive design principles. Individual properties within Altos de Monterey that are singular design (e.g. not one of several tract designs developed for the neighborhood) that are excellent example of a style and/or represent the 40 These properties are included on the updated Inventory to provide clarity to property owners and City staff that additional review is required for any proposed project. Citywide

27 work of a known or master architect have been identified as individually eligible for designation and are included on the updated Inventory list. 27 Individual properties recommended for removal from the Inventory have been demolished, no longer retain integrity, or do not meet registration requirements for the relevant context/theme in the Historic Context Statement. Designated properties are included in Appendix B. A list comprising the individually eligible properties on the updated City Inventory of Addresses is included in Appendix C. Citywide

28 28 SURVEY RESULTS: HISTORIC & PLANNING DISTRICTS For clarity for the public and City staff, the historic district findings for all three phases of the survey are discussed in this section; these findings are not divided into Phases 1, 2, and 3. A total of 80 historic districts were reviewed during the three phases of the Citywide. Of these, 10 were already designated at the federal, state, or local levels, and therefore were not re-evaluated as part of this survey. 41 Designated historic districts are: 1. Arroyo Seco Parkway Historic District 2. Buena Vista Historic District 3. El Centro/Indiana/Palm Historic District 4. Mission West/Historic Business District 5. North of Mission Historic District 6. Oak/Laurel Historic District 7. Oaklawn Historic District 8. Prospect Circle Historic District 9. Ramona Craftsman District 10. South of Mission Historic District The remaining 70 potential historic districts evaluated as part of this project break down as follows: 30 historic districts potentially eligible for local, state, or federal designation potential planning districts previously-identified potential historic districts determined not eligible for designation based on alterations, updated survey methodology, or eligibility standards as defined in the historic context statement A summary of all the districts, including the designated districts, potential historic district, and potential planning evaluated as part of Phases 1, 2, and 3 of the Citywide and their recommended status codes is included in the table in Figure The Oakland Addition is located wholly within the designated Historic District; therefore, those districts are counted as one district for purposes of this report. 42 HRG recommends that the two Brent Avenue districts (two small, contiguous districts) be combined to create one Brent Avenue district. Therefore, there are 29 potential historic districts listed in the updated Inventory of the 11 potential planning districts and 2 of the 29 potential historic districts were identified during Phase 2 of the current survey effort, and were therefore not previously listed on the City Inventory of Addresses. These numbers reflect the districts surveyed in all phases of the Citywide. Citywide

29 29 FIGURE 4: SUMMARY TABLE OF PHASES 1,2, 3 AND DESIGNATED HISTORIC DISTRICTS DISTRICT NAME 2002 SURVEY STATUS CODE 2003 SURVEY STATUS CODE (TRANSLATION) 2016 STATUS CODE 1000 Block Avon Cluster 5S1 5S3 5S Block Brent District 5S1 5S3 5S Block Fair Oaks 5S3 6L 6L 1100 Block Avon Cluster 5S3 6L 6Z 1100 Block Brent District 5S3 6L 5S Block Fair Oaks 5S3 6L 6L 1100 Block Mound District 5S1 5S3 6Z 1100 Block Pine Grouping 5S3 6L 6Z 1300 Block Spruce District 5S1 5S3 6Z 1500 Block Mission Street 5S3 6L 6L 1700 Block of Hope Cluster 5S3 6L 6Z 1900 Block Primrose Grouping 5S3 6L 6Z Block Oak District 5S1 5S3 5S3 1940s Courtyard Apartment 5S3 Historic District 2000 Block Fair Oaks 5S3 6L 6Z 2000 Block Primrose Grouping 5S3 6L 5S Arroyo Drive Cluster 5S3 6L 6Z Arroyo Cluster 5S3 6L 6Z 800 Block El Centro Cluster 5S3 6L 6Z 800 Block Monterey Road 5S3 6L 6Z Cluster Adobe Flores Grouping 5S1 5S3 5S3 Altos de Monterey Planning 6L District Amherst Drive District 5S3 6L 6Z Arroyo Seco Parkway Historic District Arroyo Square District 2S2 2S 3S Ashbourne/Chelten District 3S 3S 3S Beech/Maple Grouping 5S3 6L 6Z Bonita Drive/Gillette Crescent Historic District 5S1 5S3 3S DESIGNATED X Citywide

30 30 DISTRICT NAME 2002 SURVEY STATUS CODE 2003 SURVEY STATUS CODE (TRANSLATION) 2016 STATUS CODE Buena Vista Historic District 1S/2S 1S X Buena Vista/Prospect Addition 4S 7N 6L Camden/Court District 5S1 5S3 6L Donaldo Court Cluster 5S3 6L 6Z Edgewood District 5S1 5S3 5S3 El Centro/Indiana/Palm Addition El Centro/Indiana/Palm Historic District El Cerrito Circle Historic District Fireside Manor Multi-Family Residential Planning District 5S1 5S3 6Z 5S1 5S3 X 4S 7N 3S Garfield Park District 5S1 5S3 5S3 Grace Drive Residential 6L Planning District Grand Avenue North District 2S2 2S 6Z High School Neighborhood 5S3 6L 6Z Hillside Road District 2S2 6L 6Z La France Craftsman District 5S1 5S3 5S3 La Senda/Garfield Grouping 5S3 6L 5S3 Le Droit Revival District 5S1 5S3 5S3 Library Neighborhood Historic 5S1 5S3 3S District Lower Fletcher District 5S3 6L 6Z Lower Grand Avenue 5S3 6L 5S3 Neighborhood Lower Stratford District 5S3 6L 6Z Magnolia and Adelaine District 5S1 5S3 5S3 Marengo School Craftsman District Marengo/Virginia Place Grouping Mid Grand Avenue Revival District Minimal Traditional Planning District 6L 5S1 5S3 5S3 5S3 6L 5S3 5S3 6L 5S3 6L DESIGNATED Citywide

31 31 DISTRICT NAME 2002 SURVEY STATUS CODE 2003 SURVEY STATUS CODE (TRANSLATION) 2016 STATUS CODE Mission West/Historic Business District 1S 1S X North Milan District 5S1 5S3 6Z North of Mission District Addition 5S1 5S3 6L North of Mission Historic District 2S 2S X Northeast of Mission District 5S3 6L 6Z Oak/Laurel Historic District 5S1 5S3 X Oaklawn District/Oaklawn District Addition 3S 3S X Olive/Pine Grouping 5S3 6L 6Z Oneonta Park District 5S1 5S3 5S3 Ozmun Court District 5S1 5S3 5S3 Pasadena Avenue/Stimson District 2S 2S 6Z Prospect Circle Historic District 2S 2S X Ramona Craftsman District 3S 3S X Raymond Hill Apartments Rollin Street Craftsman 5S1 5S3 6Z Grouping South Milan District 5S1 5S3 5S3 South of Mission District Addition 5S1 5S3 6Z South of Mission Historic District 2S 2S X South Pasadena Apartment 4S 7N 6Z Courts Southeast Mission Craftsman 5S1 5S3 5S3 District Spanish Apartments 5S3 6L 6Z Spruce Craftsman Cluster 5S1 5S3 6Z Stratford Tract District 4S 7N 5S3 Tracts 2071 & 1197 District 4S2 7N 5S3 Valley View Heights 5S1 5S3 6L Wayne/Bushnell/Fletcher District 3S 5S1 5S3 5S3 DESIGNATED Citywide

32 32 Survey Findings: Historic Districts The following districts were identified as eligible for designation at the federal, state, and/or local levels; contributing properties to these districts are included in the updated Inventory: 1000 Block Avon Cluster Block Oak District s Courtyard Apartment Historic District 2000 Block Primrose Grouping 46 Adobe Flores Grouping 47 Arroyo Square District 48 Ashbourne/Chelten District 49 Brent Avenue District 50 Edgewood District 51 El Cerrito Circle Historic District 52 Garfield Park District 53 Gillette Crescent Historic District 54 La France Craftsman District 55 La Senda/Garfield Grouping Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 45 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 46 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 47 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 48 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as a district determined eligible for the National Register by the Keeper of the National Register, and listed in the California Register of Historical Places. However, this evaluation is not reflected in the California State Historical Resources Inventory. 49 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. 50 This district is a combination of two districts (the 1000 and 1100 Blocks Brent Districts) identified during the 2004 survey of South Pasadena. The 1000 Block Brent District is listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation; the 1100 Block Brent District is listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as a district that may warrant special consideration in local planning. 51 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 52 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses, identified as eligible in the cultural resources study of the DEIR; concurrence from HRG. 53 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 54 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses; previously determined not eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places; identified as not eligible for the National or California Registers in the cultural resources study of the DEIR; identified by HRG as eligible for listing. 55 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 56 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as a district that may warrant special consideration in local planning. Citywide

33 33 Le Droit Revival District 57 Library Neighborhood Historic District 58 Lower Grand Avenue Neighborhood 59 Magnolia and Adelaine District 60 Marengo School Craftsman District 61 Marengo/Virginia Place Grouping 62 Mid-Grand Avenue Revival District 63 Oneonta Park District 64 Ozmun Court District 65 Raymond Hill Apartments Historic District South Milan District 66 Southeast Mission Craftsman District 67 Stratford Tract District 68 Tracts 2071 & 1197 District 69 Wayne/Bushnell/Fletcher District Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 58 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses; identified as not eligible in the cultural resources study of the DEIR; identified as eligible per the SHPO; HRG concurs with SHPO evaluation. 59 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as a district that may warrant special consideration in local planning. 60 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 61 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 62 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as a district that may warrant special consideration in local planning. 63 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as a district that may warrant special consideration in local planning. 64 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 65 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 66 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 67 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. 68 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as a district that needs to be reevaluated. 69 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as a district that needs to be reevaluated. 70 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation. Citywide

34 Block Avon District The 1000 Block Avon District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district, situated on Tract 371, consists of the 1000 block of Avon Place between Mission Street and Oxley Street. There are 10 contributors and 6 non-contributors out of a possible 17 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one-story single-family residences, set on rectangular lots. Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Contributors share a common setback from the street and from their neighbors. Most contributors have front porches with brick, stone, or wood piers and walls. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to front porches. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lush lawns and mature, low growing shrubs and flowers. District features include concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The 1000 Block Avon District is a good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized Craftsman single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1908 to 1911, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 59% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district. Citywide

35 Block Oak District The Block Oak District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 1900 and 2000 blocks of Oak Street between Amherst Drive and Camden Parkway. There are 16 contributors and 8 non-contributors out of a possible 24 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with consistent setbacks. Period revival architectural styles, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lush lawns and mature trees. District features include concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Block Oak District is a good example of a neighborhood of modestlysized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1913 to 1948, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 67% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district. Citywide

36 s Courtyard Apartment Historic District The 1940s Courtyard Apartment Historic District is located in the northeast section of South Pasadena, and consists of the 600 and 700 blocks of Brent Avenue, Palermo Lane, and Park Avenue. The district is composed of multi-family residences that were constructed in the 1940s in the Minimal Traditional style. The apartment buildings are one- and two-stories in height, typically rectangular in plan, and set on uniform 50x150- foot lots with consistent 25-foot setbacks. A subdivision map for this area, formerly part of the Raymond Hotel grounds, was accepted by the South Pasadena City Council in January The subdivision extended east from Brent Avenue to the Southern Pacific right-of-way, and was bounded on the north by Grevelia Street and on the south by Hope Street. A new street paralleling Brent Avenue was added to the area and named Park Avenue. 71 The Empire Building Company and Bain-Young Construction Company built all of the courtyard apartments in the area South Pasadena Review, January 24, South Pasadena Review, May 9, 1941; South Pasadena Review, July 4, 1941; South Pasadena Review, August 1, 1941; South Pasadena Review, August 31, 1945; South Pasadena Review, June 28, Citywide

37 Block Primrose Grouping The 2000 Block Primrose Grouping was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 2000 block of Primrose Avenue between Maple Street and Alhambra Road. There are 20 contributors and 14 non-contributors out of a possible 34 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with a common setback. Period revival architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of sparse lawns and shrubs. Mature pine and magnolia trees line the streets. District features include concrete retaining walls, curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The 2000 Block Primrose Grouping is a good example of a neighborhood of modestlysized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1920 to 1946, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 59% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district. Citywide

38 38 Adobe Flores Grouping The Adobe Flores Grouping was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of a small grouping of adobe homes along Garfield Avenue and Foothill Street between Hardison Place and Clark Place. There are 5 contributors and 1 non-contributor out of a possible 6 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one-story, single-family residences, set on irregular lots. Adobe construction and Spanish Colonial Revival style architecture are the district s unifying features. Paved paths (usually brick or terra cotta tile) lead from the sidewalk to primary or secondary façades. Landscaping consists of mature shrubs, trees, and flowers. The Adobe Flores is a rare example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized Spanish Colonial Revival style single-family residences of adobe construction, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from c to 1926, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 83% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district. Although the district is small in size, the buildings are significant for their shared development history and relation to each other; therefore, they are most appropriately evaluated as a collection of resources. Citywide

39 39 Arroyo Square District The Arroyo Square District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 500 block of Arroyo Square, east of Arroyo Drive. There are 8 contributors and 0 non-contributors out of a possible 8 residences in the district. The contributors are generously proportioned, one- and twostory, single-family residences, set on large, rectangular lots with deep setbacks. Period Revival architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete or brick) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from Columbia Street. Landscaping consists of mature lawns, shrubs, trees, vines, and flowers. District features include single lantern street lamps and a lack of sidewalks. The Arroyo Square District is an excellent example of a neighborhood of generouslysized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1926 to 1937, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 67% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing. The district retains a strong sense of time and place. District contributors employ a high level of architectural design, and retain all aspects of integrity. Therefore, the district is eligible for listing in the National and California Registers and is eligible for designation as a local historic district. Citywide

40 40 Ashbourne/Chelten District The Ashbourne/Chelten District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 1200 and 1300 blocks of Chelten Way, the south side of the 1200 block of Monterey Road, the 2000 block of Ashbourne Drive, and the west side of the 1200 to 1400 blocks of Garfield Avenue. There are 13 contributors, 13 non-contributors, and 10 properties not visible from the public right-of-way out of a possible 33 residences in the district. The contributors are generously proportioned, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on irregular lots with deep setbacks. Period Revival architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete or brick) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from Columbia Street. Chelten Way does not have sidewalks, curbs, or gutters, and is lined with mature oak trees. Ashbourne Drive is a private road, dotted with oak trees set in concreterimmed planters in the middle of the road. District features include concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Ashbourne/Chelten District is an excellent example of a neighborhood of generously-sized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1909 to 1931, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 61% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing. The district retains a strong sense of time and place. District contributors employ a high level of architectural design, and retain all aspects of integrity. Therefore, the district is eligible for listing in the National and California Registers and is eligible for designation as a local historic district. Citywide

41 41 Brent Avenue District The Brent Avenue District was originally identified as two potential historic districts in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the : the 1000 Block Brent District and the 1100 Block Brent District. The district, situated on Raymond Villa Tract No. 1, consists of the 1000 and 1100 blocks of Brent Avenue and the 1000 block of Park Avenue between El Centro Street and Monterey Street. There are 19 contributors and 17 noncontributors out of a possible 37 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots. Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Many contributors feature Arroyo stone or clinker brick chimneys and porch piers. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to front porches. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lawns and mature oak, pine, and palm trees. District features include concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Brent Avenue District is good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized Craftsman single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1902 to 1929, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 51% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district. HRG recommends combining the two originally identified districts along Brent Avenue to create a single, cohesive historic district. Citywide

42 42 Edgewood District The Edgewood District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 1900 and 2000 blocks of Edgewood Drive, between Wayne Avenue and Milan Avenue. There are 27 contributors and 11 non-contributors out of a possible 38 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with a common setback. Period revival architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lush lawns mature trees and shrubs. Eddie Park, site of the City landmark "Eddie House," is located at the southeast comer of Chelten Way and Edgewood Drive, and is included in the district. District features include concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Edgewood District is an excellent example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1908 to 1948, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 71% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district. Citywide

43 43 El Cerrito Circle Historic District The El Cerrito Circle Historic District was determined eligible as a collection of period revival residences representing early 20 th century residential development in the City of South Pasadena. The district was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The period of significance for the district is There are ten properties within the boundary for the district; of these, all ten (or 100%) are contributors to the district. Contributors are one- and two-story single-family residences, typically rectangular or L- shaped in plan. The district is laid out in a circular street pattern, with mature street trees, and lush, mature landscaping. The El Cerrito Circle Historic District represents an excellent and intact collection of single-family residential development dating to the late 1920s, and an excellent and intact collection of Period Revival architectural styles. The 1920s was a period of significant population growth in the City. The residential character established in the early 20 th century continued in the 1920s, and there remains a strong collection of residential neighborhoods with examples from this period. Citywide

44 44 Garfield Park District The Garfield Park District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 800 block of Stratford Avenue between Hope and Mission Streets, and the 1800 block of Mission Street between Garfield Park and Stratford Lane. There are 15 contributors and 10 non-contributors out of a possible 25 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, oneand two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with a common setback. Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street or via an alleyway. Landscaping consists of lush lawns mature shrubs and trees. Streets are lined with mature palm trees. District features include concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Garfield Park District is a good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1910 to 1946, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 60% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district. Citywide

45 45 Gillette Crescent Historic District The Gillette Crescent Historic District was determined eligible as a collection of period revival residences representing early 20 th century residential development in the City of South Pasadena. The period of significance for the district is There are sixtytwo properties within the district boundary; of these, thirty-six (or 58%) are contributors to the district. The Gillette Crescent Historic District represents an intact collection of single-family residential development dating to the late 1920s, and an excellent and intact collection of Period Revival architectural styles. The district represents a small enclave with an unusual street pattern and it retains a strong sense of time and place. The Gillette Crescent neighborhood was originally identified as a potential historic district in 1996 as part of a Caltrans survey. The Keeper of the National Register determined it ineligible for listing in the National Register on February 24, It was re-surveyed in 2002 by PCR Services Corporation for the. The 2002 survey indicated that it might be eligible for designation as a historic district under the local ordinance; however, the City has not formally designated it. In the Gillette Crescent neighborhood was subject to a re-survey under PRC Caltrans reaffirmed the Keeper s 1997 determination that it does not meet the criteria for inclusion in the National Register or the California Register of Historical Resources because of alterations to the historic street pattern, density, and spatial relationships. The related Historic Resources Evaluation Report (HRER) was updated in 2013 and the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) re-affirmed the determination on October 25, It is HRG s professional opinion that the Gillette Crescent neighborhood retains sufficient integrity for designation as a historic district. Citywide

46 46 La France Craftsman District The La France Craftsman District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 1900 and 2000 blocks of La France Avenue and the 1900 block of Marengo Avenue between Oneonta Alley and Alhambra Road. There are 45 contributors and 30 non-contributors out of a possible 75 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and twostory, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with a common setback. Period revival and Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Many residences feature Arroyo stone or clinker brick chimneys and porch piers and walls. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lush lawns mature shrubs and trees. Streets are lined with mature trees. District features include concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The La France Craftsman District is a good example of a neighborhood of Craftsman and period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity. Its period of significance is from 1908 to 1946, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 60% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

47 47 La Senda/Garfield Grouping The La Senda/Garfield Grouping was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district, situated in Tract 6273, consists of the 1700 blocks of La Senda Place and Garfield Avenue between Oak Street and Huntington Drive. There are 16 contributors and 9 non-contributors out of a possible 25 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single- and multi-family residences, set on rectangular lots with a common setback. Period revival architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street or via an alleyway. Landscaping consists of lush lawns mature shrubs and trees. Streets are lined with mature trees. District features include concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The La Senda/Garfield Grouping is a good example of a neighborhood of modestlysized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1923 to 1940, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 60% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

48 48 Le Droit Revival District The Le Droit Revival District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 2000 block of Le Droit Drive. There are 18 contributors and 4 non-contributors out of a possible 22 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with a common setback. Period revival architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street or via an alleyway. Landscaping consists of lush lawns mature shrubs and trees. Streets are lined with mature trees. District features include concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Le Droit Revival District is an excellent example of a neighborhood of modestlysized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1923 to 1939, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 82% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

49 49 Library Neighborhood Historic District The Library Neighborhood Historic District was determined eligible as a collection of Craftsman-style residences representing early 20 th century residential development in South Pasadena. The district was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The period of significance for the district is There are ninety-four properties within the district boundary; of these, sixty-five (or 69%) are contributors to the district. The Library Neighborhood Historic District represents an intact collection of singlefamily residential development dating to the early 20 th century, and an excellent and intact collection of period architectural styles, primarily Craftsman. The first decades of the 20 th century marked one of the greatest population increases in the history of South Pasadena, and development activity reflected the demand for single-family housing. During this period, the influence of the Arts and Crafts movement is reflected in South Pasadena s residential neighborhoods. The City retains intact streets and neighborhoods illustrating the importance of Arts and Crafts architecture and the role it played in residential development in the early 20 th century. The Library Neighborhood Historic District retains a strong sense of time and place and continues to reflect an important period in South Pasadena history.

50 50 Lower Grand Avenue Neighborhood The Lower Grand Avenue Neighborhood was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 600 block of Forest Avenue, the 600 to 800 blocks of Grand Avenue, the 400 and 500 blocks of Magnolia Street, and the 600 and 700 blocks of Charter Oak Street. There are 51 contributors and 23 non-contributors out of a possible 74 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with a common setback. Period revival architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lush lawns mature shrubs and trees. Streets are lined with mature trees. District features include concrete or stone retaining walls; and concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Lower Grand Avenue Neighborhood is a good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1890 to 1946, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 69% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

51 51 Magnolia & Adelaine District The Magnolia and Adelaine District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district, situated on Tract 4066, consists of the 600 and 700 blocks of Magnolia Street and the 700 and 800 blocks of Adelaine Avenue, between Charter Oak Street and Mission Street. There are 16 contributors and 5 non-contributors out of a possible 21 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with a common setback. Period revival and Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of mature shrubs and trees. District features include concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Magnolia and Adelaine District is a good example of a neighborhood of modestlysized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1910 to 1925, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 76% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

52 52 Marengo School Craftsman District The Marengo School Craftsman District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the south side of the 1600 to 1800 blocks of Monterey Road, the 1600 and 1700 blocks of Lyndon Street, the north side of the 1600 and 1700 blocks of Bank Street, the 1700 block of Rollin Street, the north side of the 1800 block of Oak Street, and the 1200 to 1500 blocks of Marengo and Stratford Avenues. There are 76 contributors and 71 non-contributors and 2 properties not visible from the public right-of-way out of a possible 149 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, singlefamily residences, set on rectangular lots with a common setback. Period revival and Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of mature shrubs and trees. District features include concrete retaining walls and concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Marengo School Craftsman District is a good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1903 to 1951, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 52% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

53 53 Marengo/Virginia Place Grouping The Marengo/Virginia Place Grouping was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the south side of the 1700 block of Mission Street, the 1700 blocks of Virginia Place and Oxley Street, and the 1000 and 1100 blocks of Marengo Avenue. There are 20 contributors and 17 noncontributors out of a possible 37 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with a common setback. Period revival and Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lush lawns and mature shrubs and trees. Streets are lined with mature trees. District features include a single lantern street light at the southwest corner of Mission Street and Marengo Avenue; stone retaining walls along the north side of Virginia Place; and concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Marengo/Virginia Place Grouping is a good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1906 to 1926, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 54% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

54 54 Mid Grand Avenue Revival District The Mid Grand Avenue Revival District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the south side of the south side of the 500 blocks of Hermosa Street, Paloma Drive, and Five Oaks Drive; the north side of the 500 to 700 blocks of Sterling Place; and the 400 to 600 blocks of Grand Avenue and Floral Park Terrace. There are 61 contributors and 29 noncontributors out of a possible 90 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with a common setback. Period revival and Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lush lawns and mature shrubs and trees. Streets are lined with mature trees. District features include concrete or stone retaining walls; and concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Mid Grand Avenue Revival District is a good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1908 to 1949, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 68% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

55 55 Oneonta Park District The Oneonta Park District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district, situated on the Oneonta Park Tract, consists of the south side of the 1600 to 1900 blocks of Oak Street, the 1600 to 1800 blocks of Laurel and Spruce Streets, and the 1600 to 1800 blocks of Fair Oaks, Marengo, and Milan Avenues. There are 72 contributors and 46 non-contributors and 2 properties not visible from the public right-of-way out of a possible 120 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with deep setbacks. Period revival and Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lush lawns and mature shrubs and trees. Streets are lined with mature trees, including Norfolk Island pines, Jacarandas, oaks, and palms. The Oneonta Park District also features concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks; fluted metal streetlamps; and Arroyo stone, concrete, or clinker brick retaining walls. The Oneonta Park District is a good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1907 to 1950, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 62% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

56 56 Ozmun Court District The Ozmun Court District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district, situated on Tract 1847, consists of the 1400 block of Ozmun Court, a private cul-de-sac east of Fremont Avenue and north of State Route 110. There are 3 contributors and 2 non-contributors out of a possible 5 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one-story, single-family residences, set on irregular lots with common setbacks. Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Garages are detached and located at the side of the parcel, accessed via concrete driveways. Landscaping consists of lush lawns and mature shrubs and trees. Streets are lined with mature trees. District features include concrete pillars with bulb fixtures, concrete benches, landscaped center island, and concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Ozmun Court District is a good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1914 to 1924, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 60% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

57 57 Raymond Hill Apartments Historic District The Raymond Hill Apartments Historic District is located in the northeast section of South Pasadena, and consists of the 1600 and 1700 blocks of Raymond Hill Road, and the 100 and 200 blocks of Mockingbird Lane. The contributors are modestly sized, twostory apartment homes, rectangular in plan, set on irregular lots. The district is laid out along curvilinear streets, with mature landscaping. In response to the overall need for postwar housing in Southern California, well-known developer Paul Trousdale acquired a tract of land on Raymond Hill (the former site of the Raymond Hotel) for a large multi-family residential development. In 1945, Trousdale subdivided the land into 36 lots along streets arranged in a circular pattern to take advantages of the natural contours of the land and create a bucolic environment. 73 Four-unit buildings of similar design were constructed on each of the 36 lots and the development became known as the Raymond Hill Apartments. Advertisements from the 1950s touted the development for the de-luxe views and curved streets and palm tree environment just fifteen minutes from downtown Los Angeles. 74 The one- and two-bedroom units featured fireplaces, appliances, and garages. They were to be sold instead of rented - a cooperative buying plan, the first of its kind in South Pasadena. Instead of paying rent, residents of the one- and two-bedroom apartments would purchase stock in the corporation. Down payments would range from $3800 to $5000, followed by monthly payments of about $55 or $60 until the mortgage was paid. 75 Paul Whitney Trousdale ( ) was a second-generation developer. Trousdale was responsible for the development and creation of more than 25,000 homes throughout Southern California. 76 Born near Gallatin, Tennessee, he attended Los Angeles High School and completed one year at the University of Southern California. A born salesman, he dabbled in advertising, selling gum and other products, then switched to real estate. During World War II, he built large estates for movie stars and executives, and approximately 3,000 single-family houses, including seven large housing 73 Based on a Los Angeles Times article, the last available site for apartments was under construction in August of S. Pasadena Apartments Underway, Los Angeles Times, August 13, 1967, N Display Ad 73, Los Angeles Times, August 13, 1950, E5. 75 South Pasadena Review, June 28, Paul Trousdale, Developer and Innovator, Dies, Los Angeles Times, April 12, 1990.

58 58 projects. A 1949 Los Angeles Times ad for Trousdale and Associates featured the South Pasadena development with a valuation at $1,152,000, which was the smallest of the organization s holdings. At the same time, Trousdale was about to embark on two of his best-known developments: Baldwin Hills Estates and later, Trousdale Estates in Beverly Hills. In 1951, the investor syndicate owners of the Raymond Hill Apartments offered the buildings for individual sale to purchasers. 77 By 1953, all thirty-six buildings had sold. Several buyers bought two or more buildings Apartment Structures Are Offered in Sales Program, Los Angeles Times, August 26, 1951.

59 59 South Milan District The South Milan District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 1900 and 2000 blocks of Milan Avenue and the 1900 block of Leman Street, between Huntington Drive and Alhambra Road. There are 40 contributors and 37 non-contributors and 1 property not visible from the public right-of-way out of a possible 78 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with common setbacks. Period Revival and Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Many contributors feature Arroyo stone or clinker brick chimneys and porch piers. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via concrete driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lush lawns and mature shrubs. Streets are lined with mature oak and palm trees. District features include concrete pillars with bulb fixtures, concrete benches, landscaped center island, and concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The South Milan District is a good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized Craftsman and period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1908 to 1935, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 53% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

60 60 Southeast Mission Craftsman District The Southeast Mission Craftsman District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 1000 and 1100 blocks of Milan and Montrose Avenues, the 1000 block of Garfield Avenue, the south side of the 1900 and 2000 blocks of Mission Street, the 1800 to 2000 blocks of Oxley Street, and the north side of the 1800 and 1900 blocks of Monterey Road. There are 63 contributors and 39 non-contributors out of a possible 102 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with common setbacks. Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Many contributors feature Arroyo stone or clinker brick chimneys and porch piers. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via concrete driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lush lawns and mature shrubs. Streets are lined with mature oak and magnolia trees. District features include single lantern street lights and concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Southeast Mission Craftsman District is a good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized Craftsman and period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1900 to 1946, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 62% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

61 61 Stratford Tract District The Stratford Tract District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district, situated on the Stratford Tract, consists of the 1000 and 1100 blocks of Stratford Avenue between Mission Street and Monterey Road. There are 35 contributors and 4 non-contributors out of a possible 39 residences in the district. The contributors are modestly sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with common setbacks. Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Many contributors feature Arroyo stone or clinker brick chimneys and porch piers. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via concrete driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street or via an alleyway. Landscaping consists of lush lawns and mature shrubs and trees. Streets are lined with mature trees. District features include concrete or Arroyo stone retaining walls; and concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Stratford Tract District is a good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized Craftsman single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1907 to 1923, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 90% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

62 62 Tracts 2071 & 1197 District The Tracts 2017 & 1197 District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 1200 to 1500 blocks of Milan Avenue, between Monterey Road and Oak Street. There are 28 contributors and 9 non-contributors out of a possible 37 residences in the district. The contributors are generously sized, one- and two-story, single-family residences, set on rectangular lots with common setbacks. Period revival architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Many contributors feature Arroyo stone or brick chimneys and porch walls. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via concrete driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lush lawns and mature shrubs and trees. Streets are lined with mature palm and magnolia trees. District features include tapered metal streetlights; concrete retaining walls; and concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Tracts 2071 & 1197 District is an excellent example of a neighborhood of generously-sized period revival single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1912 to 1952, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 76% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

63 63 Wayne/Bushnell/Fletcher District The Wayne/Bushnell/Fletcher District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 1600 to 1800 blocks of Fletcher, Bushnell, and Wayne Avenues, between Oak Street and Huntington Drive. There are 73 contributors and 30 non-contributors and 1 property not visible from the public right-of-way out of a possible 104 residences in the district. The contributors are generously sized, one- and two-story, single- and multi-family residences, set on rectangular lots with common setbacks. Craftsman style architecture, more than any other characteristic of the district, is its unifying feature. Paved paths (usually concrete) lead from the sidewalk to primary façades. Many contributors feature Arroyo stone or brick chimneys and porch walls. Garages are detached and located at the rear of the parcel, accessed via concrete driveways extending along the side of each parcel from the street. Landscaping consists of lush lawns and mature shrubs and trees. Streets are lined with mature trees. District features include concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. The Wayne/Bushnell/Fletcher District is a good example of a neighborhood of modestly-sized Craftsman single-family residences, with a high degree of integrity, in South Pasadena. Its period of significance is from 1902 to 1938, which encompasses the earliest residence to the latest. 71% of the buildings within the district boundary are contributing; therefore, the district is eligible for designation as a local historic district.

64 64 Survey Findings: Planning Districts The following districts do not retain sufficient integrity for designation as historic districts. However, they each retain a sense of time and place, they all reflect important periods of development in the city s history, and they all retain characteristics or planning features that should be recognized. Therefore, it is recommended that the following districts be given consideration for local planning purposes (status code 6L): Block Fair Oaks Block Fair Oaks Block Mission Street 81 Altos de Monterey Planning District Buena Vista/Prospect Addition Camden/Court District 82 Fireside Manor Multi-Family Residential Planning District Grace Drive Residential Planning District Minimal Traditional Planning District North of Mission District Addition Valley View Heights 78 Planning districts are for consideration by the local jurisdiction, but are not considered historical resources for purposes of CEQA. All properties within the boundaries of a potential planning district are listed in the updated Inventory, so that City staff and property owners are aware that additional review and evaluation is needed for any proposed project. 79 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as a district that may warrant special consideration in local planning. 80 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as a district that may warrant special consideration in local planning. 81 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as a district that may warrant special consideration in local planning. 82 Listed in the City Inventory of Addresses as potentially eligible for local listing or designation.

65 Block Fair Oaks The 1000 block of Fair Oaks Avenue was originally identified as a potential planning district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 1000 block of Fair Oaks Avenue between El Centro Street and Oxley Street. Transportation-related development played a critical role in the growth of South Pasadena in the early 20th century. This district represents the commercial development in South Pasadena in the early 20 th century, and houses a number of period revival-style commercial buildings. Most buildings are one-story in height, primarily rectangular in plan, with no setbacks. Rail improvements impacted commercial development in South Pasadena in late 1902, when the Pasadena Short Line was launched. Developed by Henry Huntington, the Short Line trolleys provided the shortest and eventually the busiest passenger route between Pasadena and Los Angeles. The line was also the most direct route through South Pasadena, running on a right-of-way along the north-south corridor of Fair Oaks Avenue. Following the construction of the Short Line, a connecting line was added along Mission Street, linking the trolley line to the Los Angeles & Pasadena Railroad. The establishment of the trolley line signaled a shift in rail traffic through South Pasadena, which now featured separate, dedicated lines for freight and passengers. Passenger rail activity was now focused along Fair Oaks Avenue, with the main South Pasadena stop for the trolley line located at the intersection of Mission Street and Fair Oaks Avenue. 83 With continuous pedestrian activity virtually guaranteed due to the presence of the trolley stop, this intersection became the nexus for much of the subsequent commercial development throughout the early 20 th century. Although the area retains consistency of massing, scale, and architectural style, the majority of its individual buildings have been altered. Common alterations include replacement of original windows and replacement of exterior wall cladding. The cumulative impact of these alterations has compromised the overall integrity of the district. Therefore, it does not appear to be eligible for historic district designation; however, it may warrant special consideration in the local planning process. 83 Other stops were located to the south at Oneonta Junction, Oak Street, Bank Street, and Monterey Road; additional South Pasadena stops to the north were located at Mound Street and Columbia Street (Raymond Hotel). See John Heller, ed., Pacific Electric Stations (Long Beach, CA: Electric Railway Historical Association of Southern California, 1998), xxxii.

66 66 Characteristics 84 One-story commercial buildings Period Revival architecture Primarily cement plaster exterior wall cladding No setbacks 84 Individual contributors and non-contributors are not identified in potential planning districts; instead, overall characteristics are identified for planning consideration.

67 Block Fair Oaks The 1100 Block of Fair Oaks Avenue was originally identified as a potential planning district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the east side of the 1100 block of Fair Oaks Avenue between Oxley Street and Monterey Road. Transportation-related development played a critical role in the growth of South Pasadena in the early 20th century. This district represents the commercial development in South Pasadena in the early 20 th century, and houses a number of period revival-style commercial buildings. Buildings are primarily rectangular in plan, with no setbacks. Rail improvements impacted commercial development in South Pasadena in late 1902, when the Pasadena Short Line was launched. Developed by Henry Huntington, the Short Line trolleys provided the shortest and eventually the busiest passenger route between Pasadena and Los Angeles. The line was also the most direct route through South Pasadena, running on a right-of-way along the north-south corridor of Fair Oaks Avenue. Following the construction of the Short Line, a connecting line was added along Mission Street, linking the trolley line to the Los Angeles & Pasadena Railroad. The establishment of the trolley line signaled a shift in rail traffic through South Pasadena, which now featured separate, dedicated lines for freight and passengers. Passenger rail activity was now focused along Fair Oaks Avenue, with the main South Pasadena stop for the trolley line located at the intersection of Mission Street and Fair Oaks Avenue. 85 With continuous pedestrian activity virtually guaranteed due to the presence of the trolley stop, this intersection became the nexus for much of the subsequent commercial development throughout the early 20 th century. Although the area retains consistency of massing, scale, and architectural style, the majority of its individual buildings have been altered. Common alterations include replacement of original windows and replacement of exterior wall cladding. The cumulative impact of these alterations has compromised the overall integrity of the district. Therefore, it does not appear to be eligible for historic district designation; however, it may warrant special consideration in the local planning process. 85 Other stops were located to the south at Oneonta Junction, Oak Street, Bank Street, and Monterey Road; additional South Pasadena stops to the north were located at Mound Street and Columbia Street (Raymond Hotel). See John Heller, ed., Pacific Electric Stations (Long Beach, CA: Electric Railway Historical Association of Southern California, 1998), xxxii.

68 68 Characteristics One- and two-story commercial buildings Period Revival architecture Primarily cement plaster exterior wall cladding No setbacks

69 Block Mission Street The 1500 block of Mission Street was originally identified as a potential planning district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 1500 block of Mission Street between Fair Oaks and Mound Avenues. Transportation-related development played a critical role in the growth of South Pasadena in the early 20th century. This district represents the commercial development in South Pasadena in the early 20 th century, and houses a number of period revival-style commercial buildings. Buildings are primarily one-story in height, rectangular in plan, with no setbacks. Rail improvements impacted commercial development in South Pasadena in late 1902, when the Pasadena Short Line was launched. Developed by Henry Huntington, the Short Line trolleys provided the shortest and eventually the busiest passenger route between Pasadena and Los Angeles. The line was also the most direct route through South Pasadena, running on a right-of-way along the north-south corridor of Fair Oaks Avenue. Following the construction of the Short Line, a connecting line was added along Mission Street, linking the trolley line to the Los Angeles & Pasadena Railroad. The establishment of the trolley line signaled a shift in rail traffic through South Pasadena, which now featured separate, dedicated lines for freight and passengers. Passenger rail activity was now focused along Fair Oaks Avenue, with the main South Pasadena stop for the trolley line located at the intersection of Mission Street and Fair Oaks Avenue. 86 With continuous pedestrian activity virtually guaranteed due to the presence of the trolley stop, this intersection became the nexus for much of the subsequent commercial development throughout the early 20 th century. Although the area retains consistency of massing, scale, and architectural style, the majority of its individual buildings have been altered. Common alterations include replacement of original windows and replacement of exterior wall cladding. The cumulative impact of these alterations has compromised the overall integrity of the district. Therefore, it does not appear to be eligible for historic district designation; however, it may warrant special consideration in the local planning process. 86 Other stops were located to the south at Oneonta Junction, Oak Street, Bank Street, and Monterey Road; additional South Pasadena stops to the north were located at Mound Street and Columbia Street (Raymond Hotel). See John Heller, ed., Pacific Electric Stations (Long Beach, CA: Electric Railway Historical Association of Southern California, 1998), xxxii.

70 70 Characteristics One-story commercial buildings Period Revival architecture Brick and cement plaster exterior wall cladding No setbacks

71 71 Altos de Monterey Planning District Altos de Monterey is located in the southwest section of South Pasadena. The district comprises the only large-scale, comprehensive residential development from the post- World War II period in South Pasadena. It consists of single-family residences unified aesthetically by plan, physical development, and architectural quality, representing post- World War II planning principles. It consists of Via Del Rey, Camino Del Sol Los Laureles Street, Los Alisos, Camino Verde, La Terraza Street, Camino Lindo, La Fremontia Street, La Portada Street, the 1800 and 1900 blocks of Alpha Street, and the 1600 block of Indiana Avenue. Residences are primarily designed in the Mid-century Modern, Ranch, and Late Modern styles; there is a combination of tract houses and unique designs. There are generous front yards with mature vegetation including hedges, trees, and grassy lawns. The district is defined by its notable lack of front fences, which allows the rolling hills, curvilinear streets, and unified landscaping to maintain the visual continuity and cohesiveness of the district. In 1950, City officials in South Pasadena turned their attention to Monterey Hills, the last undeveloped parcel within the City limits. The Community Redevelopment Agency (CRA; established 1953) worked to secure a loan from the Federal Housing Authority (FHA) to fund the development of the area. Repayment would come from the proceeds of the property sales. In 1958, the CRA was granted a federal loan of $4.5 million to finance the construction of Altos de Monterey, a 631-parcel, single-family residential subdivision. The project garnered national attention as the country s first open-land, straight-loan residential development project and one of the largest undertaken by the Urban Renewal Agency. 87 The 309-acre site (approximately one-fifth of the ) was graded, street improvements constructed, and all utilities buried underground. The first house was completed in September of By 1965, twenty-two model homes in a wide range of styles were open for inspection by builders such as Halo Homes, Rudnick Homes, Shanahan Homes, Throp and Hoyt Homes, and Wencon Homes. 89 Each builder 87 Apostol, First House Sprouts in Development Area, Los Angeles Times, April 23, 1964 and Altos de Monterey Progress Report, 1965 published by the CRA Model Homes Hold Open House, Los Angeles Times, June 13, I4.

72 72 carved out his own price point and featured amenities. Homes were produced in a range of architectural styles with builders preferring rustic contemporary design because sixty percent of the market seems to want this style with thick shake roofs, wood siding and plenty of masonry. 90 By December 31, 1965 a total of 441 lots had been sold (13 lots were set aside for an elementary school site and six lots were purchased by the ). 91 By the end of that year, 160 homes had been completed, 105 families had moved in, and another 101 homes were in various phases of construction. 92 In 1967, Monterey Hills School was completed in the center of the development as an additional amenity. There are a number of architecturally significant homes in Altos de Monterey, designed by prominent architects of the period. In addition to works by Carl Maston and Buff & Hensman, known architects who designed residences in the subdivision include Tryon and Driskel, Miller Fong, Harlan H. Pedersen, AIA, Alfred V. Chaix, FAIA, Earl Kastenbach & Associates, Ternstrom & Skinner, and Howard Gewertz. Architecturally significant homes within Altos de Monterey have been identified as individually eligible for historic designation, and are included in the Inventory with the appropriate status code. Characteristics One- and two-story single-family residences Mid-century Modern and Ranch style architecture Curvilinear street pattern and culs-de-sac Concrete curbs and sidewalks; landscaped parkways Concrete or asphalt driveways Integrated or prominent detached multi-car carports or garages, generally set perpendicular or parallel to the street 90 First Open-Land Renewal is Well Under Way, Los Angeles Times, August 29, 1965, M1. 91 Community Redevelopment Agency of the, Altos de Monterey Progress Report South Pasadena Local History Images Collection, Calisphere, California Digital Library. 92 Community Redevelopment Agency of the, Altos de Monterey Progress Report South Pasadena Local History Images Collection, Calisphere, California Digital Library.

73 73 Consistent setbacks with ample front lawns and mature trees Lack of front fences

74 74 Buena Vista/Prospect Addition 93 The Buena Vista/Prospect Addition was evaluated as a potential historic district with a period of significance of There are 104 properties located within the district boundary; of these, thirty (or 29%) are contributors to the district. Within the identified district boundary are entire streets of infill development that do not relate to the original development context of the Buena Vista/Prospect neighborhood; these include Foothill Street and Fremont Avenue, which are primarily populated with modest one-story residences from the 1940s. As part of the analysis during the Phase 1 survey, HRG considered revising the district boundary in order to find a smaller district within this area; however, no contiguous smaller collection was identified. The Buena Vista/Prospect neighborhood is a significant early neighborhood with a number of prominent, individually eligible residences. The neighborhood includes features such as stone retaining walls, original curbs and sidewalks, and mature street trees. Although it does not retain sufficient integrity for designation as a historic district, due to its early development period, association with prominent residents, significant individual works of architecture, and prominent planning features and amenities, it is recommended that the Buena Vista/Prospect Addition be considered a planning district by the. In addition, a number of properties in Buena Vista/Prospect Addition were identified as individually eligible for designation. Characteristics One- and two-story single-family residences Craftsman and Period Revival architecture Stone retaining walls Original curbs and sidewalks Mature street trees Consistent setbacks 93 The potential Buena Vista/Prospect Addition Historic District is pending further discussion and review of the nomination for local designation that has been submitted to the City.

75 75

76 76 Camden/Court District The Camden/Court District was originally identified as a potential historic district in the 1991 survey of the, and re-evaluated during the 2003 survey of the. The district consists of the 1600 and 2000 blocks of Camden Parkway and the blocks of Camden and Court Avenues. The district does not retain sufficient integrity for designation at the federal, state, or local levels. However, due to the neighborhood s early period of development and the extant examples of early 20 th century single-family residences, it is recommended that the Camden/Court neighborhood be considered a planning district by the City of South Pasadena. In addition, a number of properties in Camden Court were identified as individually eligible for local designation. Camden Court is a small neighborhood located in the southern portion of South Pasadena, south of Oak Street. The norther portion of this court was developed as part of the Camden Court Tract, while the southern portion was developed as part of Tracts 1901 and Buildings are primarily Period Revival-style single-family residences, one- or two-stories in height, with consistent setbacks and lot sizes. Paths (typically brick or concrete) lead from the sidewalk to the primary entrance. Detached garages are situated at the rear of parcels. The neighborhood features a central park with mature landscaping. A sign with the words Camden Court is situated on a landscaped parkway at the intersection of Camden Parkway and Oak Street. Original streetlights line the streets. Although the area retains consistency of massing, scale, and architectural style, the majority of its individual buildings have been altered. Common alterations include replacement of original windows and replacement of exterior wall cladding. The cumulative impact of these alterations has compromised the overall integrity of the district. Therefore, it does not appear to be eligible for historic district designation; however, it may warrant special consideration in the local planning process. Characteristics One- and two-story single-family residences Concrete or brick paths Period Revival architectural style Consistent setbacks and lot sizes Central park with mature landscaping

77 77 Camden Court sign on landscaped parkway Concrete curbs and gutters Original streetlights Detached garages at rear of parcels Mature trees and landscaping

78 78 Fireside Manor Multi-Family Residential Planning District The Fireside Manor Multi-Family Residential Planning District is located in the northeast section of South Pasadena, and consists of the 1600 and 1700 blocks of Amberwood Drive, and the 300 and 400 blocks of Raymondale Drive. The district is composed of multi-story apartment buildings and complexes, primarily rectangular in plan, set on irregular lots. The buildings are primarily Mid-century Modern in style. The district is laid out along curvilinear streets, with mature landscaping. Adjacent to the Raymond Hill Apartments was land that had been the former site of the Raymond Hotel golf course. In , developers proposed a $500,000 development including four-and six-story apartment buildings housing 1,500 rental units. 94 Developers Frank A. Murphy and Harrison R. Baker (a.k.a., Parkway-Fairoaks, Inc.) developed the largest subdivision in the history of the City to that point: 72 large lots of 15,000 square feet each. Mirroring the circular plan of the adjacent Trousdale development, Baker and Murphy laid out a system of curving streets. Harrison R. Baker was a long-time Pasadena real estate broker and land developer who also served several terms on the California Highway Commission and was instrumental in furthering the area s freeway system. He was known as the Father of the Pasadena Freeway. 95 Developer Merton H. Baker 96 quickly planned to build 40 buildings in the tract in his $2,000,000 Fireside Manor de-luxe apartment project. By fall of 1952, the developer had erected eight buildings mostly one-and two-story six-unit buildings in the minimal traditional style. 97 One year later, he had created a total of 16 buildings. 98 In 1954, Baker engaged architect Edward H. Fickett, FAIA to design one of the most upscale apartment buildings in the development, the Fireside Lanai. An architect who worked almost exclusively for developers, Fickett understood how to blend modern post-and-beam construction techniques and aesthetics into efficient single-family and multi-family 94 Apostol, H.R. Baker, Father of Pasadena Freeway, Los Angeles Times, August 7, 1970, B4. 96 At this time, it is unknown if Merton H. Baker is related to Harrison Baker. Another Baker, Virgil Baker, was contractor for Merton H. Baker s projects. 97 No Title, Los Angeles Times, September 28, 1952, F New Tract Residents Eye Schools Opening, Los Angeles Times, August 23, 1953, E6.

79 79 residential projects that would maximize a developer s return on investment. 99 The 40- unit Fireside Manor Lanai (1633 Amberwood Drive) exemplified Fickett s modern design aesthetic with its large expanses of glass and long, low-pitched roofline. Fireside Manor was a branded line of apartment hotel rental properties for Baker, with opportunities to rent by the day or month. Baker owned similarly named holdings in Hollywood, Monterey Park, and Inglewood. 100 In , Baker expanded the Raymond Hill development again with Fireside Manor-Raymondale. Phase one was an 85 unit, three-story apartment building at 400 Raymondale Drive. Phase two was constructed in 1960 on the property to the south along State Street. Baker engaged architects Rochlin & Baran and the project featured modern design and broad eaves for shading the private lanais and pool area. Fred Rochlin ( ), AIA and Ephraim Baran, AIA (1921- ) joined forces in 1953 and their commissions primarily included multi-family residential and commercial (medical/hospital) architecture. 101 Baker was not the only developer to erect buildings in the development. The last multi-family residential unit was constructed at the corner of Raymondale Drive and Amberwood Drive, by Albert and Maury Abrams in Characteristics Generously proportioned, multi-story, multi-family residences Mid-century Modern or Minimal Traditional architectural styles Curvilinear street pattern Large parking areas, a series of carports, or subterranean parking GLOSSARY OF TERMS 99 Sian Winship, Quantity and Quality: Architects Working for Developers in Southern California, (MHP Thesis, University of Southern California, 2011), Display Ad 9, Los Angeles Times, November 7, 1958, I The firm continues today as RBB Architects, Inc.

80 80 Grace Drive Residential Planning District Grace Drive represents a rare example of a subdivision of Ranch-style residences in South Pasadena. It consists of a cul-de-sac containing the block of Grace Drive. All residences are one-story in height, and rectangular or L-shaped in plan. The subdivision originally comprised a single property that was demolished sometime after Following demolition of the original property, the area was re-zoned to accommodate duplexes. In 1953, architect Bob Ray Offenhauser and his father bought two of the lots that had been re-zoned. The duplexes sold immediately reaping handsome profits, and Offenhauser was commissioned to design 12 more on the street. 103 All of the duplexes were constructed between 1953 and The remainder of the parcels were developed with single-family residences. A proponent of Regional Modernism, Bob Ray Offenhauser (b. 1927) graduated from the USC School of Architecture in His first commission was from his parents, in lieu of a graduation trip to Europe. 104 In partnership with his father, who had recently retired and had previous experience in the building trade, Offenhauser designed a small garden apartment complex in Arcadia that was intended as the family home. 105 The complex quickly sold, however, and Offenhauser designed a second home for the family in San Marino in 1955, which was photographed by Julius Shulman and published in House and Garden in A notable commission during this time was from artist Millard Sheets, who asked Offenhauser to design a pavilion for the Pomona Valley Fair. Over the course of his career, upscale single-family homes became the hallmark of Offenhauser s work, although he continued to design multi-family housing as well as commercial and institutional projects, including the Botanical Center and the Chinese Garden at the Huntington Library in San Marino. In 1978, Offenhauser settled in South Pasadena, where he constructed a home on Columbia Avenue. Characteristics One-story single- and multi-family residences Cul-de-sac 102 April Rabanera, Memo to Cultural Heritage Commissioner Debi Howell-Ardila, June 8, Katherine I. Offenhauser, Bob Ray Offenhauser An Architect s Journey, Glendale, CA: Balcony Press, 2010, Offenhauser, Offenhauser, House and Garden, June 1957.

81 81 Paved paths (usually concrete) leading from sidewalks to entrances on primary or secondary façades Attached or integrated one- or two-car garages on the primary façade Concrete driveway Concrete curbs and gutters Front lawns and mature trees

82 82 Minimal Traditional Planning District The Minimal Traditional Single-Family Residential District is located in the southwest section of South Pasadena, and consists of the 1400 and 1500 blocks of Maple Street, Beech Street, and Oneonta Knoll Street. The district is composed of single-family residences that were constructed in the 1930s and 1940s in the Minimal Traditional style. The residences are one-story in height, typically rectangular or L-shaped in plan, and set on uniform lots with consistent setbacks. The district is laid out on a grid pattern, with mature landscaping. The district represents a rare collection of Minimal Traditional single-family residences in South Pasadena, and conveys a strong sense of time and place. In 1936, California Subdividers, Ltd., subdivided this 20-acre tract as a "high class residential area." 107 The property was subdivided into ninety lots, most of which were for single family homes, with the exception of the Huntington Drive frontage, which was reserved for apartment houses. One of the platted streets was originally named Poplar Street, but was later renamed Oneonta Knoll Street to avoid confusion with a street of the same name in neighboring Alhambra. 108 Characteristics One-story single-family residences Minimal Traditional-style architecture Original curbs and sidewalks Consistent setbacks Detached garages located at the rear of parcels, accessed via concrete or asphalt driveways 107 South Pasadena Review, January 10, South Pasadena Review, August 15, 1941.

83 83 North of Mission District Addition The North of Mission District Addition was evaluated as a potential historic district with a period of significance of There are 114 properties located within the district boundary; of these, fifty-nine (or 52%) are contributors. The North of Mission Addition represents a collection of single-family residential development dating to the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries, and represents a variety of period architectural styles, primarily Craftsman. The North of Mission Addition is contiguous with the North of Mission Historic District, which has been formally determined eligible for listing in the National Register and is listed in the California Register. However, due to alterations to individual buildings within the North of Mission Addition and the interruption of the original street pattern and neighborhood cohesiveness by the rail line that cuts diagonally through the center of the district, it no longer appears eligible for designation at the federal, state, or local levels. However, due to the early period of development in the neighborhood and the extant examples of early 20 th century single-family residences within its boundaries, it is recommended that the North of Mission District Addition be considered a potential planning district by the. In addition, a number of properties in the North of Mission District Addition were identified as individually eligible for local designation. Characteristics One- and two-story single-family residences Craftsman and Period Revival architecture Original curbs and sidewalks Consistent setbacks

84 84 Valley View Heights Valley View Heights was evaluated as a potential historic district with a period of significance of There are seventy-five properties located within the district boundary; of these, thirty-six (or 48%) are contributors. Therefore, the district does not retain sufficient integrity for designation at the federal, state, or local levels. However, due to the neighborhood s early period of development and the extant examples of early 20 th century single-family residences, it is recommended that Valley View Heights be considered a planning district by the. In addition, a number of properties in Valley View Heights were identified as individually eligible for local designation. Valley View Heights is a small tract located in the southern portion of South Pasadena adjacent to the El Sereno neighborhood of Los Angeles. It was located near the Berkshire Station and boasted a direct line to downtown Los Angeles. Transportationrelated development played a critical role in the growth of South Pasadena in the early 20th century. Several significant residential tracts were subdivided during this period that advertised their proximity to the anticipated location of the Pasadena Short Line. Characteristics One- and two-story single-family residences Craftsman and Period Revival architecture Consistent setbacks

85 85 RECOMMENDATIONS With the development of the Citywide Historic Context Statement and the survey update, the City has shown a commitment to its historic preservation program, and has established an updated Inventory of potential historic resources to assist property owners, the community, and the City in the identification and evaluation of significant properties. In order to incorporate the findings of this project into the historic preservation goals and policies of the City s planning process, the following tasks and further studies are recommended: Consider the development of updated design guidelines to establish a baseline for the appropriate treatment of properties within potential historic and planning districts. The design guidelines could be based on resource types e.g. one set of guidelines for potential residential historic districts developed in the early 20 th century; one set for potential multi-family residential historic districts; one set for commercial districts; etc. In this way, a separate set of guidelines for each district would not be required. Consider the development of design guidelines for properties within potential planning districts. These may be similar to the design guidelines established for potential historic districts, but may include different thresholds for acceptable alterations, as planning districts by definition are not as intact as potential historic districts. Continue the City s ongoing program of updating the Inventory and adding to the collective knowledge about the history of South Pasadena. This could include completing evaluations for the Modern-era properties included on the Study List compiled during Phase 2 of this project; conducting additional studies of specific cultural groups that may be significant in the city s past; conducting a cultural landscape study of significant landscape and open space in the city; and other theme studies about specific aspects of the city s history.

86 86 GLOSSARY OF TERMS The following terms are used throughout this report. They describe established historic preservation concepts that are based in cultural resources law at the Federal, state, and local levels. These concepts have been codified in standards and guidelines developed by the National Park Service, the Department of the Interior, and professional practitioners, including historians, architects, archeologists, and urban planners. California Historical Resource Status Code is the numerical system adopted by the California Office of Historic Preservation to classify Historic Resources that have been identified through a regulatory process or local government survey in the Statewide Historic Resources Inventory database maintained by the California Office of Historic Preservation. Contributor is any building, structure, site, or object located within a designated Historic District which adds to the historical integrity or architectural qualities that make the Historic District significant. Contributors to designated Historic Districts are considered Historic Resources. Designation is the act of recognizing, labeling, or listing a property as being historic. Properties may be designated at the Federal level as a National Historic Landmark or listed in the National Register of Historic Places, at the state level as a California Historical Landmark, California Point of Historical Interest, or listed in the California Register of Historical Resources, or at the local level. Designation formally establishes by law or ordinance that a building or site has significance. Historic Context is the area or domain within which a property has historic significance. Historic contexts allow for an understanding of how the property is a part of an important historic development or event. A Historic District is a significant concentration, linkage or continuity of sites, buildings, structure or objects united historically or aesthetically by plan or physical development. Historic Integrity is the ability of a property to convey its significance. It is the authenticity of a property s historic identity as evidenced by the survival of physical characteristics and materials that existed during the property s historic period. Historic Resource is any building, structure, object, or site that is listed in or determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places or the California Register of Historical Resources, either individually or as a contributor to a Historic District; has been designated as a historic resource by the ; meets at least one

87 87 of the Criteria for Designating a Historic Landmark; or is identified as a Contributor to a Historic District. The Historic Resources Inventory is the statewide list of buildings, structures, objects, or sites that are identified as Historic Resources or potential Historic Resources through survey or other evaluation; are included on any list of historic and cultural resources, including, but not limited to, the National Register of Historic Places, the California Register, and the Statewide Historic Resources Inventory (with a California Historic Resource Status Code of 1-5); or are designated Historic Landmarks or Contributors to a Historic District by the City Council. A is the process by which a community s historic resources are identified and documented. A reconnaissance-level survey is a cursory look at an area with some general background research. Such a survey is typically used to broadly characterize the types of resources that would be found in an area, in order to guide future survey efforts. An intensive-level survey is a close and careful inspection of an area in order to precisely identify all historic resources in an area. Such a survey would include field observation, detailed background research, thorough documentation of all surveyed properties, and is typically accompanied by a historic context statement. Historic Significance is the reason a property is important to the history, architecture, archaeology, engineering, or culture of a community, state, or the nation. Significance is defined by the area of history in which the property made an important contribution and by the period of time when these contributions were made. Establishing historic significance is necessary to demonstrate that a property has been evaluated within the proper historic context and according to appropriate, legally established criteria, such as those required for listing in the National Register of Historic Places, the California Register of Historical Resources, or a local landmark program. The South Pasadena Inventory of Addresses was adopted by the City Council on November 30, The Inventory of Addresses includes properties that are designated, formally determined eligible for federal, state, or local listing, or appear eligible for federal, state, or local listing. In accordance with the City s Cultural Heritage Ordinance, all properties on the Inventory are considered historic resources for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). 109 As of 2017, the City Inventory of Addresses will be referred to as the South Pasadena Inventory of Cultural Resources.

88 88 The National Register of Historic Places is the official inventory of sites, buildings, structures objects and districts significant in American history, architecture, archeology and culture and is maintained by the Secretary of the Interior under the authority of the Historic Sites Act of 1935 and the National Historic Preservation Act of Non-contributor is any building, structure, or object located within a designated Historic District which does not add to the historical integrity or architectural qualities that make the Historic District significant. Non-contributors to designated Historic Districts are not considered Historic Resources. A Period of Significance is the span of time during which a property was associated with important events, activities, or persons, or attained the characteristics that qualify it as historic. A resource may have more than one period of significance. The Secretary of the Interior s Standards and Guidelines are the standards used in the preservation, rehabilitation, restoration, or reconstruction of a historic property. The Standards delineate accepted treatments for the protection and rehabilitation of historic materials.

89 APPENDIX A: CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL RESOURCES STATUS CODES