INFRASTRUKTURA I EKOLOGIA TERENÓW WIEJSKICH INFRASTRUCTURE AND ECOLOGY OF RURAL AREAS

Transcription

1 POLSKA AKADEMIA NAUK KOMISJA TECHNICZNEJ INFRASTRUKTURY WSI POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCE COMMISSION OF TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUKTURA I EKOLOGIA TERENÓW WIEJSKICH INFRASTRUCTURE AND ECOLOGY OF RURAL AREAS 12 Monograph CULTURAL LANDSCAPE PROTECTING HISTORICAL CULTURAL LANDSCAPES TO STRENGTHEN REGIONAL IDENTITIES AND LOCAL ECONOMIES Kraków

2 RADA PROGRAMOWA RESEARCH COUNCIL Radomir Adamowský (Praga) (Kopenhaga) Nitra), (Lwów), KOMITET REDAKCYJNY EDITORIAL BOARD WYDAWCA EDITOR ADRES REDAKCJI EDITORIAL OFFICE ADDRESS 2

3 Cultural Landscape Project Vice-Coordinator for Research Project Coordinator Protecting Historical Cultural Landscapes to Strengthen Regional Identities and Local Economies: 3

4 4 Reviewer:

5 CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION (Jacek M. Pijanowski) EUROPEAN LANDSCAPE CONVENTION SELECTED ACTIVITIES AND RESEARCH ON IMPLEMENTATION IN CADSES AREA The European Landscape Convention (Maguelonne Déjeant-Pons) Presentation of the European Landscape Convention Origins of the Convention Why a convention on landscape? Undertakings of the Contracting Parties Implementation of the European Landscape Convention Measures taken since the Convention was drafted to implement and promote it Promotion of European co-operation Awareness-raising and information (Arthur Spiegler, Jacek M. Pijanowski, Józef Hernik) The ECOVAST method as a user-friendly method stimulating grassroots activities for landscape protection and shaping community Process of landscape unit assessment with the help of the ECOVAST method - an outline Preparatory work Fieldwork (looking at the landscape) The writing up - group work in ( ) Genesis of cultural landscape formation in southern Poland and the from 1847 to ( )

6 2.4.1 Water supply and sewerage infrastructure Legal and formal questions connected with locating facilities of water supply and sewerage infrastructure Description and examples of water supply and sewerage devices and Water treatment plants and intakes Water reservoirs Sewage treatment plants Sewage pumping stations infrastructure Location of water supply and sewerage infrastructure objects in the Objects of water supply infrastructure Objects of sewerage infrastructure th ( t) House structures and shapes Details Colours ( k) Description of the Krzyworzeka River Morphological description Geological description Hydrological description Determining the cumulative distribution function of annual Determining channel width-to-depth ratios for the Krzyworzeka River ( ) Geographical location Climatic conditions Geological soil conditions Lithogenic soils

7 Typical brown soils Leached brown soils Lessive soils Gley soils River alluvial soils Soil quality classes Natural landscape scenic elements Natural environment and landscape evaluation ( a) General characteristics of the Austrian cadastre Preparing rasters of the cadastre map for transforming Transforming maps from the Lvov cadastral layout to the 1965 national layout SHAPING AND PROTECTION OF HISTORICAL CULTURAL LANDSCAPES ( Koreleski) System of landscape creation Rural landscape valorisation for the needs of landscape creation Rural space development programmes Planning instruments Implementation measures ( k) The rural religious objectives Households ( s) Cultural landscape and European heritage Conserving cultural landscapes in Wales The Tir Gofal Agri-environment scheme Tir Gofal achievements (Marek k) General Description Geographical Description Cultural landscape analysis

8 3.4.4 Religious and historical objects ( n) Geo-facets of the palimpsest forest in southern Transylvanian Plain Geo-facets of anti erosion curtains Geo-facets of meadows from sunny hillsides Geo-facets of cuesta back meadows Geo-facets of pseudo-riparian vegetation Geo-facets of protected natural reservations in national patrimony Geo-facets of Pinus nigra and P. silvestris plantation Northern orchards geo-facets Cereals geo-facets on pseudo-riparian areas Geo-facets of agro-terraces Geo-facets of viable lakes ( a) Techniques of wood decoration Categories of wooden architecture Organization of the inner space of the house ( n) Selection of wood Loading and transporting wood The sawing process ( r) Geo-Systems in biostasy Geo-Systems in embryonic biostasy Geo-Systems in rhexistasy Geo-systems in parastasy (completely anthropizated) PILOT PROJECTS TO STRENGTHEN REGIONAL IDENTITIES AND LOCAL ECONOMIES

9 (i) Principles of good practice and pilot projects Pilot projects and principles of good practice in cultural landscape protection and shaping as well as spatial management (Jacek M. i) The OWCA+ Programme as an opportunity Natural assets of the Carpathian cultural landscape in Malopolska Anthropogenic elements of the Carpathian cultural landscape in the context of pastoral culture development and decline Natural changes caused by the decline of grazing The role of grazing The OWCA+ Programme as an example of practical activities for the Carpathian cultural landscape protection in Malopolska Good intentions versus legal regulations ( s) Framework Planning area Communication concept Analysis of strengths and weaknesses Working methodology Results Assessment of cultural landscape along the perception lines Model development for the cultural landscape Middle Saale Valley Working methodology Guidelines, objectives and principles Cultural characteristics Sustainable regional- and urban development Objectives and principles Fields of action and catalogue of measures Fields of action along the perception lines Working methodology of the catalogue of measures Selected pilot projects Charter of Camburg ( a)

10 4.4.1 Photogrammetry as applied to cultural landscape research systems QuickBird SPOT IRS-1C Ikonos Space photogrammetry in area cartography Forming stereopairs Stereo-survey with changed orientation Survey from two different satellites Geoinformation Systems (GIS) and Technologies. Interrelation and Complementation of GIS and Remote Sensing Role of Geoinformation Technologies in the implementation of the objectives of municipal authorities and recreational business Archive maps as a source of data for evaluating cultural landscape Tourist GIS for health resort Skhidnytsya (Hans- ) Rural market in the countryside The valorisation of historical cultural landscapes ASSOCIATIVE PREMISES OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE PROTECTION AND COLLABORATION WITH LOCAL COMMUNITIES ( ) The world of nature as a sign of the Creator Sacred signs in nature Shrines, crosses, epitaphs Trail shrines Churches Bringing up man to discover the sacred (Alicja a) ( Awareness rising

11 5.3.2 Education - From Theory to Practice - The Concept of Environmental Management Austria Course of the Education Programme Theoretical Foundations Case Studies Project (n) CATALOGUE AND REGISTER OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE ELEMENTS ( k) Identifying and taking care of historical cultural landscapes: an interdisciplinary task Methodological notes on surveying and documenting cultural landscapes What should be recorded? The register of cultural landscape elements: a systematic mapping key What is worth recording? At which planning or administrative level should elements be recorded? A registration sheet for cultural landscape elements: from the register to cultural landscape inventory From the inventory to practical implementation: from individual element to the whole Selective approaches Comprehensive approaches: subdividing cultural landscapes Historical cultural landscapes with a special character: the development of objectives and project ideas ( k)

12 7. FINAL SUMMARY (Józef Hernik) Background of the CULTURAL LANDSCAPE Project Transregional development tours Local economies Conclusions Abbreviations Summaries