Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park

Transcription

1 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT October 2015

2 KATHARINE BARBER AND HELEN WARREN 15 Bermondsey Square, Tower Bridge Road, London SE1 3UN All rights in this work are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means (including without limitation by photocopying or placing on a website) without the prior permission in writing of Purcell except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act Applications for permission to reproduce any part of this work should be addressed to Purcell at info@purcelluk.com. Undertaking any unauthorised act in relation to this work may result in a civil claim for damages and/or criminal prosecution. Any materials used in this work which are subject to third party copyright have been reproduced under licence from the copyright owner except in the case of works of unknown authorship as defined by the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act Any person wishing to assert rights in relation to works which have been reproduced as works of unknown authorship should contact Purcell at info@purcelluk.com. Purcell asserts its moral rights to be identified as the author of this work under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act Purcell is the trading name of Purcell Miller Tritton LLP. Purcell 2015 Document Issue Issue 1 (October 2015) - Ealing Council KB/lkc/

3 CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION Purpose of the Report Scope of the Study Existing Information 5 2 UNDERSTANDING Planning Context and Legislative Framework Site Location and Setting Heritage Context Historic Development Development Phases The Evolution of the Site by Development Phases Views 32 4 IMPACT ASSESSMENT Summary of Proposals Assessment Criteria Impact Assessment Discussion 47 APPENDICES APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY 49 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT 66 3 SIGNIFICANCE Assessing Significance Statutory and Local Designations Evidential Value Historic Value Aesthetic Value Communal Value 37 3

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5 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT This Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA) has been commissioned by Ealing Borough Council. It has been prepared to assess the impact of a proposed sports pavilion, sports pitches and associated car parking on the heritage value of Gunnersbury Park. The sports pavilion will consist of changing rooms, sports hall, studios, equipment storage, café/bar and a limited amount of ancillary office space for NGO sporting bodies. It is proposed to situate the pavilion in the area west of the café, pond and walled gardens, currently occupied by two disused bowling greens and an associated clubhouse. The report also assesses the impact of a series of sports pitches including a Muga to the northwest, west and south west of the Pavilion. Parking is proposed within the walled area to the east of the Pavilion. The park itself is designated as a Conservation Area and a Registered Park and Garden. In addition to this, a number of structures within the park and in the vicinity of the proposed sports pavilion location are afforded Listed Building status. 1.2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The HIA covers the following areas in order to provide a baseline assessment of the proposals: Understanding: to establish what heritage assets are within the setting of the proposal site and the legislation that protects them Site Assessment: to give a description of the site and any adjacent heritage assets. Historic Development: to establish the key dates in the development of Gunnersbury Park and specifically the impacted area. Significance: to assess the heritage value of impacted heritage assets and how they are important within their setting. Impact Assessment: to analyse the effects the proposals will have on the significance of the heritage assets within the visual envelope of the site. 1.3 EXISTING INFORMATION The report references a suite of heritage documents prepared in support of Heritage Lottery Fund applications for the Park as a whole (Parks for People) and the Gunnersbury Museum on the Large Mansion (Heritage Grant) and associated Listed Building consents. These documents include a park wide Conservation Management Plan which along with supplementary research and analysis has informed the preparation of this report. 5

6 2 UNDERSTANDING 2.1 PLANNING CONTEXT AND LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK NATIONAL POLICY National planning policy framework The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF; March 2012) is the overarching planning policy document for England. Within Section 12 conserving and enhancing the historic environment are the government s policies for the protection of heritage assets. Paragraph 128 states: In determining applications, local planning authorities should require an applicant to describe the significance of any heritage assets affected, including any contribution made to their setting. The level of detail should be proportionate to the assets importance it also states that the assessment should be no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance The policies advise a holistic approach to planning and development, where all significant elements that make up the historic environment are termed heritage assets. These consist of designated assets (such as listed buildings or conservation areas) and non-designated assets (such as locally listed buildings or those features which are of heritage value). The policies within the document emphasise the need for assessing the significance of heritage assets and their setting in order to fully understand the historic environment and inform suitable design proposals for change to, or within, the locality of significant buildings. The document also requires an assessment of the impact of development proposals affecting heritage assets REGIONAL PLANNING POLICY The London Plan March 2015 The London Plan is the overall strategic plan for London, and it sets out a fully integrated economic, environmental, transport and social framework for the development of the capital to It forms part of the development plan for Greater London. London boroughs local plans need to be in general conformity with the London Plan, and its policies guide decisions on planning applications by councils and the Mayor. Key Policies to be considered in the context of the site include: POLICY 7.8 HERITAGE ASSETS AND ARCHAEOLOGY Strategic A. London s heritage assets and historic environment, including listed buildings, registered historic parks and gardens and other natural and historic landscapes, conservation areas, World Heritage Sites, registered battlefields, scheduled monuments, archaeological remains and memorials should be identified, so that the desirability of sustaining and enhancing their significance and of utilising their positive role in place shaping can be taken into account. B. Development should incorporate measures that identify, record, interpret, protect and, where appropriate, present the site s archaeology. Planning decisions C. Development should identify, value, conserve, restore, re-use and incorporate heritage assets, where appropriate. D. Development affecting heritage assets and their settings should conserve their significance, by being sympathetic to their form, scale, materials and architectural detail. 6

7 E. New development should make provision for the protection of archaeological resources, landscapes and significant memorials. The physical assets should, where possible, be made available to the public on-site. Where the archaeological asset or memorial cannot be preserved or managed on-site, provision must be made for the investigation, understanding, recording, dissemination and archiving of that asset. LDF preparation F. Boroughs should, in LDF policies, seek to maintain and enhance the contribution of built, landscaped and buried heritage to London s environmental quality, cultural identity and economy as part of managing London s ability to accommodate change and regeneration. G. Boroughs, in consultation with English Heritage, Natural England and other relevant statutory organisations, should include appropriate policies in their LDFs for identifying, protecting, enhancing and improving access to the historic environment and heritage assets and their settings where appropriate, and to archaeological assets, memorials and historic and natural landscape character within their area Crucial to the preservation of this character is the careful protection and adaptive re-use of heritage buildings and their settings. Heritage assets such as conservation areas make a significant contribution to local character and should be protected from inappropriate development that is not sympathetic in terms of scale, materials, details and form. Development that affects the setting of heritage assets should be of the highest quality of architecture and design, and respond positively to local context and character outlined in the policies above. 7.31A Substantial harm to or loss of a designated heritage asset should be exceptional, with substantial harm to or loss of those assets designated of the highest significance being wholly exceptional. Where a development proposal will lead to less than substantial harm to the significance of a designated asset, this harm should be weighed against the public benefits of the proposal, including securing its optimal viable use. Enabling development that would otherwise not comply with planning policies, but which would secure the future conservation of a heritage asset should be assessed to see of the benefits of departing from those policies outweigh the disbenefits London s heritage assets and historic environment also make a significant contribution to the city s culture by providing easy access to the history of the city and its places. For example recognition and enhancement of the multicultural nature of much of London s heritage can help to promote community cohesion. In addition to buildings, people can perceive the story of the city through plaques, monuments, museums, artefacts, photography and literature. Every opportunity to bring the story of London to people and ensure the accessibility and good maintenance of London s heritage should be exploited. In particular, where new development uncovers an archaeological site or memorial, these should be preserved and managed on-site. Where this is not possible provision should be made for the investigation, understanding, dissemination and archiving of that asset. POLICY 7.9 HERITAGE-LED REGENERATION Strategic A. Regeneration schemes should identify and make use of heritage assets and reinforce the qualities that make them significant so they can help stimulate environmental, economic and community regeneration. This includes buildings, landscape features, views, Blue Ribbon Network and public realm. Planning decisions B. The significance of heritage assets should be assessed when development is proposed and schemes designed so that the heritage significance is recognised both in their own right and as catalysts for regeneration. Wherever possible heritage assets (including buildings at risk) should be repaired, restored and put to a suitable and viable use that is consistent with their conservation and the establishment and maintenance of sustainable communities and economic vitality. LDF Preparation C. Boroughs should support the principles of heritage-led regeneration in LDF policies 7.33 Based on an understanding of the value and significance of heritage assets, the sensitive and innovative use of historic assets within local regeneration should be encouraged. Schemes like Townscape Heritage Initiatives, Heritage Lottery Fund, Heritage Economic Regeneration Schemes or Buildings at Risk Grants can play an important role in fostering regeneration of historic areas while also promoting the maintenance and management of heritage assets and developing community appreciation of them. 2 Understanding 7

8 2.1.3 LOCAL PLANNING POLICY London Borough of Hounslow Local Plan September 2015 The Local Plan forms part of the development plan for the London Borough of Hounslow and provides the planning framework for the borough until It includes a suite of planning policies and strategic site allocations and supersedes the Employment Development Plan Document (adopted November 2008), the Brentford Area Action Plan (adopted January 2009) and the Unitary Development Plan saved policies in CHAPTER SIX CONTEXT AND CHARACTER Policy CC1 - Context and character Our approach We will recognise the context and varied character of the borough s places, and seek to ensure that all new development conserves and takes opportunities to enhance their special qualities and heritage. We will achieve this by (a) Improving and promoting the appreciation of the character and qualities of the distinctive areas of the borough, by securing development that sensitively and creatively responds to an area s character and by refusing poor quality design; (b) Sustaining and conserving those areas which have a high quality, well established and coherent character that is sensitive to change; (c) Enhancing those areas which have a medium quality, mixed character and which would benefit from sensitive improvement and intervention; (d) Transforming those areas which have a low quality, poorly defined character and/or where an opportunity exists to establish a new coherent character, enhancing positive elements where they exist; and (e) Monitoring and updating the Urban Context and Character Study and ensuring the study informs any supplementary planning documents. We will expect development proposals to (f) Have due regard to the Urban Context and Character Study and demonstrate how their proposal: i. Responds to the design recommendations for each character area and urban type within which their development proposal is located. ii. (ii) Responds to the wider context and history of the area, its communities, its natural landscape and its urban structure, form and function. iii. (iii) Conserves and takes opportunities to enhances particular features or qualities that contribute to an area s character e.g. mature trees. iv. (iv) Provides opportunities to help form a new character or improve the poor aspects of an existing character that could benefit from enhancement; and v. (v) Responds to any local architectural vernacular that contributes to an area s character, for example bay windows. POLICY CC4 - HERITAGE Our Approach We will identify, conserve and take opportunities to enhance the significance of the borough s heritage assets as a positive means of supporting an area s distinctive character and sense of history. We will achieve this by (a) Collating a borough-wide Heritage Strategy to guide a long-term, ambitious strategy for the continued conservation, enhancement and enjoyment of the significance of the borough s heritage assets, in consultation with the borough s local history societies and residents; (b) Conserving and taking opportunities to enhance the significance of the borough s network of designated and non-designated heritage assets and their settings, identifying new assets where appropriate and recognise the cumulative positive impact of heritage assets in a given area in consultation with the borough s local history societies and residents. We will use Article 4 directions where appropriate to enhance conservation of character or fabric; (c) Promoting heritage-led regeneration, particularly where this brings long term value and sense of place to development, such as in our town centres and along the Golden Mile. We will aim to secure the regeneration of heritage assets at risk, including those within Gunnersbury Park, Hanworth Park, Boston Manor House and the former Hounslow Powder Mills sites; (d) Working with Royal Botanic Gardens Kew World Heritage Site, London Borough of Richmond and English Heritage to conserve and enhance the outstanding universal values of The Royal Botanical Gardens Kew World Heritage Site, its buffer zone and its setting, including views to and from this asset. This includes assisting in the implementation of The World Heritage Site Management Plan; (e) Promoting the appropriate re-use of historic buildings and supporting schemes that conserve the significance of, and provide the heritage asset with a sustainable, longterm use; (f) Working with our network of partners to ensure the borough s heritage is accessible, appreciated, valued and enjoyed by residents, workers and visitors; (g) Conserving and enhancing the strategic and local views identified in the Urban Context and Character Study that give the borough its character, visual richness and coherence; and by maintaining and updating a schedule of views; and (h) Conserving and enhancing the borough s beneficial and historic landmarks identified in the Urban Context and Character Study, which provide a strong visual and physical presence in the townscape. We will expect development proposals to (i) Conserve and take opportunities to enhance any heritage asset and its setting in a manner appropriate to its significance; (j) Retain, conserve and reuse heritage assets in a manner appropriate to its value and significance; 8 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

9 (k) Demonstrate that substantial harm to or loss of a heritage asset is avoided, unless exceptional circumstances can be demonstrated, consistent with the NPPF; (l) Demonstrate that where a development proposal will lead to less than substantial harm to the significance of a designated heritage asset (see Glossary), this harm will be outweighed by the public benefits of the proposal, including securing its optimum viable use; or (m) Have regard to any harm to, or loss of, the significance of a non-designated heritage asset, including from both direct and indirect effects. Non-designated heritage assets include locally listed buildings, Archaeological Priority Areas and areas of special local character. Buildings and structures (n) In the case of alterations, extensions or changes of use of a heritage asset a proposal should demonstrate that: (i) it is in keeping with the character of the building and harmonious with its surroundings and the wider character of the area; and, with particular respect to listed buildings or identified aspects of locally listed buildings, it preserves their special architectural or historic character and any features they may possess; (ii) it is of a high quality design and sympathetic in terms of scale and form to the original building and in the use of materials and other details to the period and style of the original building; (iii) opportunities to mitigate or adapt to climate change through the re-use or adaptation are maximised as long as this is not to the detriment of important aspects of character; (iv) that it maintains the character of interiors and retain internal features of interest including layouts, methods and means of construction where these are important; (v) that the original use is no longer viable and the benefits of the proposed use are demonstrated and would be in keeping with the character of the area; and (vi) that a record is made and submitted of features of interest found, to be maintained and extended during works. Sustainability and salvage aspects should be factored into proposals. Conservation Areas (o) Any development within or affecting a Conservation Area must conserve and take opportunities to enhance the character of the area, and respect the grain, scale, form, proportions and materials of the surrounding area and existing architecture; (p) Retain and reuse any building in a conservation area which makes or can be adapted to make a positive contribution to the character of the area. Where a building makes little contribution to the area, consent for demolition will not be given unless there are approved plans for redevelopment or reuse of the land which will conserve and enhance the character of the area. Sustainability and salvage aspects should be factored into proposals; Sites of Archaeological Importance (r) We will expect the development proposal to submit an Archaeological Evaluation Report if the proposal falls within or adjacent to an Archaeological Priority Area; (s) We may require that an on-site assessment by trial work (archaeological field evaluation) is carried out before any decision on the planning application is taken; (t) We will require any nationally important remains and their settings to be preserved permanently in situ, subject to consultation with English Heritage as the borough s archaeological adviser. If preservation in situ is required the development proposal will need to accommodate this in the design. Strategic and local views (v) Preserve and enhance any strategic or local views identified in the Urban Context and Character Study and undertake a visual impact assessment to demonstrate no adverse impacts on the designated view or on views from Royal Botanic Gardens Kew World Heritage Site. Registered parks and gardens (w) Consider adding to the list and encouraging preservation and enhancement through appropriate management measures. 2 Understanding 9

10 Site allocations in Brentford 09 Brentford: Gunnersbury Park Figure SA12.14 Gunnersbury Allocation 09 Site map Key information Allocation and justification District: Brentford Allocation: Heritage Asset Address: Gunnersbury Park, London, Proposed W3 8LQ use: Restoration of core heritage parkland, refurbishment of listed buildings including potential enabling development and creation of a sporting hub. Source: Development Management Justification: Gunnersbury is of national significance and is Grade II* putting it in the top 30 per cent of registered parks in the country. There are also 22 listed buildings on the site. Several studies have shown Gunnersbury to be in major decline. English Heritage has named Gunnersbury within the top 12 at risk properties in England due to the large amount of investment needed to restore and repair the Buildings and landscape. Heritage regeneration is required to protect and enhance the existing historic buildings and parklands. PTAL: 1a-4 Phasing: Site area (ha): 72 Land ownership: Public Existing use: Grade ll* English Heritage registered park, 22 listed buildings (including Grade I), museum, sports facilities and parkland. Context and constraints: This site is within the Gunnersbury Park Conservation Area, MOL, SINC, a CDA and also includes Grade II, Grade II* and Locally Listed Buildings. It is a Historic Park and Garden GUIDANCE DOCUMENTATION Historic England produces guidance documents outlining advice on the management of the historic environment. The following documents in particular have been referenced in the compilation of this report: Conservation Principles, Policies and Guidance, (2008). This document sets out key guiding aims for the management of the historic environment and sets out a methodology for assessing heritage significance (see section 5.1 for further information). The Setting of Heritage Assets: Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning :3 (March 2015) This document provides guidance on how changes within the setting of a listed building, conservation area, scheduled monument, etc. can affect the significance of the asset itself. Seeing History in the Views, (2011) and Revision Note (2012). This looks specifically at the significance of group heritage assets from long range and short distance views, and sets out a methodology for assessment and for exploring the impact of change within an important view. 1 1 Adopted Hounslow Local Plan (September 2015), 10 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

11 The overall layout of the Park in the present day is illustrated on the plan below POPE S LANE ENTRANCE LIONEL ROAD NORTH ENTRANCE AREA PROPOSED FOR SPORTS PITCHES TEMPLE LAKE LARGE MANSION ORANGERY SMALL MANSION STABLES Gunnersbury Park Boundary FORMER FARM BUILDINGS SITE OF PROPOSED SPORTS PAVILION PROPOSED CAR PARK POTOMAC LAKE WEST LODGE The Park in the modern day Buildings Concentrated Planting With key features labelled for orientation 2 Understanding 11

12 2.2 SITE LOCATION AND SETTING The proposed new leisure centre is situated towards the north-west of the park, west of the Temple Pond and former walled garden and north of the children s playground. The site is divided from the open playing fields to the west by a tall evergreen tree line. The proposed development site is currently occupied by a Bowling Green and associated club house to the north and disused green space to the south. The club house situated on the west side of the Bowling Green is of 20th century origin and is of common construction for its type. The interior of the site is flat. The site is delineated by the evergreen treeline to the west and low hedge on all other sides and is encircled by a path to the east and south with a park car park to the north View Cross site towards Bowling Green pavilion 2 View looking south across development site from existing car park 3 View along western site boundary dividing the Bowling Green site from the playing fields to the west showing density of existing boundary 12 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

13 4 5 4 View looking west towards proposed leisure centre site from existing sports pitches 5 View towards the proposed leisure centre site from parkland south of Temple Pond. 2 Understanding 13

14 East of the leisure centre site is the walled garden associated with the historic estate, this is currently in mixed commercial and educational use occupied by a series of modern buildings and structures associated with this occupation. The western portion of this area which forms part of the site is occupied by a large number of modern commercial greenhouses encircled by the Grade two listed kitchen garden wall View of the interior of the walled garden occupied by commercial greenhouses. Looking east. 2 View of Listed wall defining the southern boundary of the commercial nursery site, east of the proposed leisure centre site. Looking north 14 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

15 South and west of the site, the playing fields of Gunnersbury Park are demarked by goal posts and tree lined paths running south towards the former model farm buildings. The model farm is unlisted although historic (19th century in origin). Only part of the model farm buildings, the site of the complex was rebuilt upon in the late 20th century to provide changing accommodation for the sports pitches View across the existing sports pitches west of the proposed leisure centre site. 2 View towards the proposed leisure centre from parkland south of the site. View obscured by perimeter tress and parkland planting. 3 View of surviving model farm, looking east. 4 View across playing fields towards site of proposed leisure centre, looking north-east Understanding 15

16 2.3 HERITAGE CONTEXT The following section provides an overview of the heritage assets and statutory designations associated with or located within the Park LISTED BUILDINGS Listed buildings are designated under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 for their special architectural or historic interest. Listing gives them protection as alterations, additions or demolitions are controlled by Listed Building Consent, required by local planning authorities when change is proposed. There are 4 Grade II* Listed Buildings and 17 Grade II Listed Buildings within Gunnersbury Park. These are listed below and colour coded on the plans on the following page. The location of these structures is plotted overleaf. Grade II* Temple Gunnersbury Park House (Large Mansion) East Stables Orangery (conservatory) Grade II Archway to Gunnersbury Park (west of east entrance lodge) East Lodge West Lodge Gothic boathouse and pavilion on Potomac Lake Gothic outbuildings east of Gunnersbury House including arcade grotto shelter and room known as Princess Amelia s Bathhouse. Gothic ruins on border of former Japanese gardens Gunnersbury House, Small Mansion North entrance gateway to Gunnersbury Park North Lodge Series of iron lamp standards in front of Gunnersbury Park Mansion Stone fountain near refreshment room West Stables Boundary wall Kitchen Garden Wall Gateway near princess Amelia s Bathhouse Archway East end of Gunnersbury Park mansion terrace Archway west end of Gunnersbury Park Mansion terrace Conservation Areas The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 also covers conservation areas, requiring local planning authorities to designate areas of special architectural or historic interest and to formulate policies to protect and enhance them. Gunnersbury Park Conservation Area covers the whole park, plus Kingston Cemetery to the south and a group of streets to the north east. It was designated on the 20th November Registered Park and Garden Gunnersbury Park Parks and Gardens of special historic interest in England are registered using a similar grading system to Listed Buildings, (i.e., Grade I, II* and II). Registration means that a park is a material consideration in the planning process and the impact of the proposed development that could affect the special character of the area should be considered. Gunnersbury Park is Registered Grade II* and is summarised in the register entry as An 18th century formal garden, altered mid-18th century with some involvement from William Kent. The grounds were developed in the later 18th century for Princess Amelia and extended in the mid-19th century by Baron Lionel de Rothschild. The site became a public park in SITE SPECIFIC Part of the development site is bound by the Grade II Listed Kitchen garden wall with carved door and wrought iron gate. The majority of the listed buildings are situated towards the east of the park, with the Grade II* Listed Temple and the Grade II Listed Fountain Site and Lamp Standards lining the main drive within close proximity. With the exception of the walled garden, none of the Listed Buildings within the Park are visible from the Pavilion site or the sports pitches BUILDINGS OF LOCAL TOWNSCAPE CHARACTER There are no buildings within the Park boundary which appear on the London Borough of Hounslow s local list of Buildings of Local Townscape Character. 16 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

17 Inset Map See Inset Map Plans showing key designations within the vicinity of the proposed development site KEY Grade II* Listed Buildings Proposed Pavilion location Grade II Listed Buildings Grade II Listed Lamp Posts Gunnersbury Conservation Area Grade II* Registered Park and Garden 2 Understanding 17

18 2.3.4 HERITAGE AT RISK Historic England maintains a Heritage at Risk Register which identifies those buildings or sites which are under threat and most at risk of being lost forever. Buildings are categorised on a scale related to the severity of risk, ranging from A F; these are outlined below. Eleven structures in addition to the Registered Park and Garden and the Conservation Area within the Park are listed on the 2014 Heritage at Risk Register as itemised below. A. Immediate risk of further rapid deterioration or loss of fabric, no solution agreed. B. Immediate Risk of further rapid deterioration or loss of fabric: solution agreed but not yet implemented. C. Slow decay: no solution agreed D. Slow decay; solution agreed but not yet implemented. E. Under repair or in fair to good repair, but no user identified; or under threat of vacancy with no obvious new user (Applicable only to buildings capable of beneficial use). F. Repair scheme in progress and (Where applicable) end use of user identified; functionally redundant buildings with new use agreed but not yet implemented. Heritage Asset Designation Condition BAR Category Gunnersbury Park House Grade II* Poor D East Stables Grade II* Very bad C Gunnersbury Park Registered Park and Garden Grade II* Poor N/A East Lodge Grade II Poor D Archway Near East lodge entrance Grade II Very bad B Small Mansion Grade II Poor C Boundary wall of garden to original 17th century Gunnersbury House Grade II Poor B Gothic Ruins Grade II Poor B West Stables Grade II Very bad E Potomac Tower Grade II Poor D West Lodge Grade II Fair E Gunnersbury Park Conservation Area Conservation Area Poor N/A Heritage Assets included in categories A and B should be an immediate priority when considering change to and conservation of the park. Change to the setting of an at risk heritage asset can contribute to further demise of its historic value. Care must be taken when introducing new features into the setting of a heritage asset to enhance significance and make a positive contribution to reducing the risk to which the asset is exposed. The Conservation Area and Registered Park and Garden themselves are fragile environments and introduced development should seek to enhance historic cohesiveness. 18 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

19 12 3 Components of Gunnersbury Park which appear on the heritage at risk register KEY Gunnersbury Park Registered Park and Garden (Grade II*) East Lodge Archway near East Lodge Entrance Proposed Area for Sports Pitches Proposed Car Park Small Mansion Large Mansion Boundary wall of garden to original (17th Century) Gunnersbury House 7 Gothic Ruins 8 West Stables 9 East Stables 10 Potomac Tower 11 West Lodge 12 Gunnersbury Park Conservation Area Registered Park and Garden Boundary Conservation Area Boundary 11 Proposed Development Site 2 Understanding 19

20 2.4 HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT This section gives an overview of the history of Gunnersbury Park. This is followed by a more detailed history which breaks down the development of the park into five main phases, with particular focus on the historical development of the proposal site itself. SUMMARY TIMELINE Medieval Era Gunnersbury Park formed a part of the Manor of Fulham, owned by the Bishop of London. A high-status manor house is documented at Gunnersbury although its location remains unknown John Webb built a new, Palladian-style Gunnersbury House for John Maynard. The Mansion was pioneering in its style. 20 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

21 Accounts show that William Kent received payment for a small amount of unspecified landscaping work at Gunnersbury Princess Amelia, favourite daughter of King George II, took Gunnersbury as her country residence. The Park was extended and re-landscaped to a more informal design and William Chambers is thought to have designed several garden buildings John Webb s house was demolished and the Park was divided into 13 plots for private sale Alexander Copeland bought 10 plots and built Gunnersbury Park House. Stephen Cosser bought the neighbouring plot to the east, where he built Gunnersbury House. 2 Understanding 21

22 1835 The Rothschild family bought Gunnersbury Park House 1836 Gunnersbury Park House was extended and remodelled by Sidney Smirke. The orangery, stables and North Lodge portico were also constructed at this time to Smirke s designs W.F. Pocock designed an extension to Gunnersbury House (the Small Mansion) and built the aviary and Gothic Ruins in the grounds The Rothschild family purchased Gunnersbury House reuniting the estate as a single entity The Japanese Gardens were landscaped Rothschild interest in the Gunnersbury Park estate waned and it was eventually put up for sale Gunnersbury Park was sold to the former London Boroughs of Acton and Ealing with stipulations that it was to provide public leisure space and with small areas sold for development Gunnersbury Park was officially opened to the public by Sir Neville Chamberlain in a grand opening ceremony. 22 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

23 1928 Gunnersbury Museum opened in Gunnersbury Park House Anti-aircraft weapons were placed in the Park during World War II London s boroughs were reorganised. Gunnersbury was now owned by Ealing and Hounslow Borough Councils, the latter carrying out administrative work The Dairy, close to the site of the proposed café, was partially demolished due to an extended period of neglect The Temple was restored The Friends of Gunnersbury Park was formed. In 1985 the group refurbished the Pavilion and established a new café there The Gunnersbury Park Development Group was set up following concerns over the deteriorating condition of the Park. 2000s Gunnersbury Park was awarded funding from the Heritage Lottery Fund. This included the restoration of the Bathhouse and Italian Gardens in The park is awarded HLF funding for the restoration and conservation of the Large Mansion, Park Structures and Park Landscape 2 Understanding 23

24 2.5 DEVELOPMENT PHASES Gunnersbury Park is an important historical landscape which contains a collection of structures, spaces, and planting dating from the 17th to the 20th centuries. Its story is complex, and most clearly explained by dividing it into a number of phases although in reality features from one period were usually retained, re-used and adapted across the history of the Park, meaning that all of the phases are interlinked. Since the early 19th century the landscape has been the setting for two separate mansions Gunnersbury House (the Small Mansion) and Gunnersbury Park House (the Large Mansion). In origin it was the setting for a single high-status residence, Webb s Palladian Mansion and the landscape setting has evolved from this phase of occupation. PHASE 1 Maynard and the Geometric Period (c ) PHASE 2 Princess Amelia and the Landscape Style ( ) PHASE 3 Gunnersbury Divided ( ) PHASE 4 Gunnersbury Reunited ( ) PHASE 5 The Public Park (1925 Present) Inset Map see overleaf 24 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

25 The colour of features represented on this map correspond to the historic phase during which they were established Proposed Development Site PHASE 1 Maynard and the Geometric Period (c ) PHASE 2 Princess Amelia and the Landscape Style ( ) PHASE 3 Gunnersbury Divided ( ) PHASE 4 Gunnersbury Reunited ( ) PHASE 5 The Public Park (1925 Present) 2 Understanding 25

26 2.6 THE EVOLUTION OF THE SITE BY DEVELOPMENTAL PHASES In order to aid our understanding of the development of the park and the proposal site, the history of the site has been broken down and presented in five specific phases. PHASE 1 MAYNARD AND THE GEOMETRIC PERIOD (C ) Overview During this period extensive gardens were laid out to accompany a Palladian villa which was erected at Gunnersbury in the late 1650s and early 1660s by Sir John Maynard. This original villa has been lost, but the remains of the western wall of its associated gardens still survive. The formal gardens ranged either side of a central axis and were flanked toward their south end by two linear canals, which were later converted into the feature known as the horseshoe pond. Development Area specific There is little physical evidence of this initial phase of development remaining in the park. Maynard s Palladian villa has been lost, but the substantial terrace on which the current houses stand was constructed during this period. On John Rocque s map of 1746 the proposed development site is shown as a series of open fields, divided from the formally planted gardens and house to the east by a road. Whilst the majority of the surrounding fields are filled with dotted lines, denoting ploughing, the fields in question are filled with another symbol, perhaps denoting pasture or quarrying. The projected location is shown on Rocque s plan on this page. Approximate location of the proposal site, 1746 Rocque Map 26 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

27 PHASE 2 PRINCESS AMELIA AND THE LANDSCAPE STYLE ( ) Overview In the four and a half decades between 1740 and 1785 a small park was laid out to the south and west of the walled gardens at Gunnersbury and the gardens themselves became less formal and geometric in character, although some of their walls survive. The Horseshoe Pond was created, probably from earlier geometric canals; and the Round Pond was established both changes probably made between 1756 and A number of garden buildings were also erected, of which the Temple and the Bath House are the only survivors. The designer William Kent and the architect William Chambers both worked at Gunnersbury during this phase, although their precise contributions remain unclear. Site specific Two of the main features within the vicinity of the proposal site were created during this period the Grade II* listed Temple and the Temple Pond. These features to the west of the site were most likely designed by Sir William Chambers for Princess Amelia, and their setting and views are considered significant. There are no records of changes taking place to the Large Mansion during this period. The site of the proposed sports pavilion is marked on a section of the 1777 map of Ealing on this page. The western half of the proposals site lies outside of the estate boundary at this time within open fields. Within the park, the newlyconstructed temple and temple pond can be seen to the right of the marked area. Approximate location of the proposal site, 1777 Map of Ealing 2 Understanding 27

28 PHASE 3 GUNNERSBURY DIVIDED ( ) Overview The early 19th century saw the Palladian mansion demolished and Gunnersbury divided into the separate ownership of Copeland and Cosser. In 1800 the grounds of the two separate properties continued to develop. Those of Gunnersbury Park House, the larger of the two new mansions, now acquired a number of key features including the Orangery, the stables, the Potomac Lake and the Gothic boathouse beside it, and a model farm. But the grounds of Gunnersbury House also saw significant additions, most notably the Gothic screen and walls to the north of Smirke s stables. Site specific A number of major changes to the east of the site and its surrounding heritage assets occurred during this period. The Palladian Gunnersbury Park House, to the south-east of the proposal site, was demolished and the present-day Grade II* listed Large Mansion constructed in its place. Around the same time the Grade II listed Small Mansion, Gunnersbury House, was also constructed probably in around The site itself was still vacant at thsi time. The brickwalled productive garden to the east of the site was probably established in the 1810s after the estate was divided as part of the rebuilding of the Large Mansion (Gunnersbury Park estate). Copeland s memo book (p71) states that the grape house in the upper garden was built in 1756, the wall round the kitchen garden was built 1759 and that the nursery gardener Poupart, took over the kitchen garden in However, it is unclear whether the 18th century garden occupied the site of the present one. Poupart probably worked in the present one. In 1816 The kitchen garden, fruit garden and hot house are upon a very extensive scale, and kept in the highest perfection (An American President in Ealing The John Quincy Adams Diaries Little Ealing History Group 2014 pp Quotation courtesy Massachusetts Historical Society). The kitchen garden was extended westwards to establish the present extent by By the later 1840s it had a complex layout of beds and paths with various structures in the original eastern half, including a wash house and habitation, two buildings labelled Green House, and a Hot Bed as shown on the Krestschmar plan on this page. A long narrow green house ran west to east across the centre of the east half, being a lean-to against narrow back sheds to the north. Both halves were surrounded by a boundary wall, and divided north to south by a further brick wall with a roughly central gateway linking the two. The Temple can also be seen on the north bank of the Round Pond (here marked Upper Lake ) with formally arranged gardens to the north. Half of the proposals site remains outside the park boundary. By the 1860s (OS) the buildings had largely changed, with the exception of a lean-to greenhouse still on the site of the main green house. Frames were established in the west half. A large square greenhouse in the east half was probably the main display greenhouse. In 1836 Nathan Meyer Rothschild died and the estate passed to his widow, Hannah who increased the size of the estate. 28 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

29 Approximate location of the proposal site, 1847 Kertschmar Map 2 Understanding 29

30 PHASE 4 GUNNERSBURY REUNITED ( ) Overview This phase of Gunnersbury s history is relatively brief, and there were limited changes to the designed landscape. The only major surviving addition to the landscape was the Japanese Garden to the north of the stables, which survives in only fragmentary form. Site specific The 1915 Ordnance Survey map shows the proposed development site to be vacant. The layout of glasshouses within the walled garden to the east has altered, to the south of the site of the current children s playground, an orchard is laid out. South of the proposed development site, the model farm is shown on the map occupying a U-shaped footprint. Half of the model farm buildings have been lost to fire and replaced with a changing room block servicing the open playing fields to the west during the 1950s. Approximate location of the proposal site, 1915 Ordnance Survey 30 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

31 PHASE 5 THE PUBLIC PARK (1925-PRESENT) Overview Gunnersbury has seen major changes in the 20th century due to its conversion to a public park, including tennis courts, sports pitches, the pitch and putt course and modern structures such as the café and a number of park shelters. Despite this municipalisation of the landscape, a great deal remains intact from earlier periods. Site specific By 1935, the site was occupied by the sports pavilion and associated lawns as in the present day. To the east within the walled garden, a commercial nursery was established later in the twentieth century with extensive glass ranges in the west half with the back buildings of the old green house surviving. As part of the municipalisation in the twentieth century, the boundary of the public park is extended to the west. Along with other additions such as the tennis courts, sports pitches and café, the existing bowls greens were built to the west of the kitchen garden. In 1939, at the beginning of WWII, a heavy anti-aircraft artillery site was constructed to the west of the site. Associated barracks and stores buildings were located to the east. Based on mapping carried out by Bomb Sight,the park appears to have sustained considerable bombing during the Blitz with circa 30 bombs dropped in the park. These were mainly concentrated within the former estate and ornamental parkland in the eastern part of the park, and immediately to the north and east of the Potomac Lake, in the south-western corner of the park. The extent of post-blitz WWII bombing of the site (and subsequent bomb clearance) is not currently known. Approximate location of the proposal site, 1935 map 2 Understanding 31

32 2.7 VIEWS CMP KEY VIEWS The following section introduces key views identified in the Conservation Management Plan for the Park which may be impacted by the proposals. A further visual impact assessment prepared by the project architects is included as Appendix C. View 11 (Not included in 2008 CMP) The Playing Fields from the Lionel Road Entrance Date View Originated: 1920s The view is important in terms of the design and experience of the municipal parkland landscape created in the 1920s and 1930s. Historical Significance: In the 17th and 18th centuries, this viewpoint lay outside the Park and would have included the open and enclosed fields suggested by contemporary historic maps. This area was incorporated into the Rothschilds park in the late 1860s when the Potomac Lake and Tower were also created. It does not appear to have been planted as ornamental parkland, and was used as a polo stud by Lionel Rothschild. In the 1920s this area of the Park was devoted to playing fields the view incorporates the hedge around the bowling greens and Pavilion and municipal planting around the Model Farm. The view is of Medium Historical Significance in terms of its history as a good municipal parkland landscape of the early 20th century, and has an important communal significance for its history of common use. SIGNIFICANCE RATING B/C Condition: The view is in very good condition, with clear views across the playing fields towards the Model Farm and the southern edge of the Park. There are some intrusive high-rise buildings within the view, but the planting does screen out other development. Although the planting visible within the view mainly dates from the 20th century, the current view gives a fair impression of the appearance of this part of the Park in the late 19th century. CONDITION RATING 1 RECOVERABLE. View 11 Visibility of proposed Sports Pavilion The proposed Pavilion would largely by screened from view from this location by the existing line of evergreen trees. The proposed pitches would be visible from this new point at ground level. Site Boundary 32 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

33 View 12 (View 1 in 2008 CMP) The Viewing Platform at end of Terrace, looking across Parkland Date View Originated: 1650/early 19th century This view looks over the end of the earthwork terrace associated with the earlier house and gardens, towards the open parkland created in the 18th century. Viewshed analysis of the potential views from the terrace reveals an expansive view across the Thames Valley, taking in Kew, Richmond and Chiswick, however this viewpoint is currently almost wholly obscured by 19th century tree planting on the end of the terrace itself. See views 24 and 25 for context. Historical Significance: A key viewpoint from the terrace outside the mid-17th century mansion overlooking the formal garden shown on Rocque s map. Virtually nothing from this period survives within the view. In the 18th century this point provided a view over the Horseshoe Pond and the rest of the formal gardens. The view probably also afforded views out into the parkland beyond the garden walls (dense planting is not shown in the garden on the 1777 map suggesting a more open prospect). During the 19th century this point allowed views across the Rothschilds gardens, up to the boundary with the Small Mansion which was disguised with tree planting. It also allowed views across the open parkland now the pitch and putt course. 19th century Ordnance Survey maps show the area to the south as being planted with trees, which may have restricted more expansive views from the terrace. Overall the view is of High Historical and Aesthetic Value. SIGNIFICANCE RATING A Recoverable view. Condition: As a 17th or 18th century view, the present view is in poor condition with few visible features from either period and with a restricted view due to 19th and 20th century planting. As a 19th and early 20th century view associated with the Rothschild mansion, however, the view is in fair condition, although the density of the later planting means that the view is probably more restricted than it was in the 19th century. The view across the rose baskets and into the Park is believed to be recoverable. The Model Farm may have been visible from this location. Site Boundary CONDITION RATING 4 RECOVERABLE VIEW. View 12 Visibility of proposed Sports Pavilion In the current landscape the proposed sports pavilion would not be visible from this location. 2 Understanding 33

34 3 SIGNIFICANCE 3.1 ASSESSING SIGNIFICANCE Significance can be defined as the sum of the cultural values which make a building or landscape important to society. As well as the physical fabric, age and aesthetic value, more intangible qualities such as communal value, association with historic people, events and former uses are all important in defining the significance of a place. The following assessment is based on the values outlined in English Heritage s Conservation Principles, Policies and Guidance (2008) which recommends making assessments under the following categories: Evidential Value The potential of a place to yield evidence about past human activity. Historical Value The ways in which past people, events and aspects of life can be connected through a place to the present. Aesthetic Value The ways in which people draw sensory and intellectual stimulation from a place. Communal Value This derives from the meanings of a place for the people who relate to it, or for whom it figures in their collective experience or memory. Communal values are closely bound up with historical (particularly associative) and aesthetic values, but tend to have additional and specific aspects, It can be commemorative, symbolic or spiritual. These categories will be broken down further into more specific assessments including archaeological and ecological value. The assessment also takes into account guidance contained within the HLF s Conservation Management Planning. High: A theme, feature or space which is important at national or international level, such as highly graded Listed Buildings and landscapes. It will have high cultural value and form an essential piece of the history of a building or site, while greatly contributing towards its character and appearance. Large scale alteration or removal of features of this level is likely to be strongly resisted, Medium: Themes, features or spaces which are important at regional level or sometimes higher. They will have some cultural importance and play an important role in defining the character and appearance of the building or site. Efforts should be made to retain features of this level, though a greater degree of flexibility in terms of alteration would be possible than for those items of high significance. Low: Themes, features or spaces which are usually of local value only but possibly of regional significance for group or other value. Items have minor cultural importance and add something to the character or appearance of the buildings or site. A greater degree of alteration or removal would be possible than for items of high or medium significance, though a low value does not necessarily mean a feature is expendable. Neutral: These themes, spaces or features have little or no cultural value but do not detract from the character or appearance of the building or site. Alteration is likely to be possible. Intrusive: Themes, features or spaces which actually detract from the values of the site and its character and appearance. Efforts should be made to remove these features. 34

35 The significance of Gunnersbury Park is assessed using a number of significance ratings which are described below: 3.2 STATUTORY AND LOCAL DESIGNATIONS The Gunnersbury Park Conservation Area, the Listed Structures within it and the Registered Park and Garden area all afforded protection through the statutory and local government planning systems. While there are other parks in the UK that contain several heritage assets, the high number of listed structures as well as the link to the conservation area and recognition of the importance of the Park through its status as a Registered Park and Garden are unique and notable at Gunnersbury. These designations are official recognition of the high heritage significance of the Park. The parks designation as Metropolitan Open Land; and as a Site of Borough Importance, Grade II for Nature Conservation also add to its cumulative significance. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANCE The proposals site covers four historically distinct areas; the western section of the walled kitchen garden (for car parking), the driveway to the north of this, the disused bowls area, and the wider playing fields to the north west of the park. The earliest map consulted which clearly defines the kitchen garden area is Kretschmar s map of 1847, noting it as the kitchen garden area for the estate. The area continued to be used as kitchen gardens and allotments from the mid-nineteenth to the late-twentiethth century. It is currently privately owned and run by Capel Manor College and is occupied by various greenhouses and other structures used for fruit and vegetable cultivation. The majority of the zone to the west is covered in tarmac hardstanding and contains large greenhouses, sheds, portacabins used as offices, and designated parking areas. 1 The brick boundary wall enclosing the whole area is intact except for a section in the north-west corner near the bowling greens. The 150m long stretch along the lane to the north-west incorporates brickwork of apparently early nineteenth century origin and runs seamlessly into the garden wall of the Italian Garden and garden boundary wall with Pope s Lane to the north. 1 Gunnersbury Park London W3: Historic Environment Assessment, Museum of London Archaeology 2013 It presents a long, impressive unbroken run approximately 3-4 metres high, of header/ stretcher bond, its upper level differentiated by a line of headers at approximately 2.5m height. This section marks the north boundary of the original, east half of the kitchen garden. South west of this, along the west garden s north boundary, there is no wall remaining however it is likely it was walled when laid out. The wall resumes along the 130m long west boundary before returning north-east for approximately 190m as the east boundary alongside the Round Pond and Italian Garden. The outer side of the east boundary wall is divided into panels by brick pillars and has two ornamental gateways in similar style, with brick arches and iron gates, and knapped flint banding. Their origin is unclear, probably early-mid-nineteenth century; gateways are seemingly shown in these positions by 1847 (Kretschmar map). The southern one retains an iron gate and apparently aligns on the apple walk beyond which formerly led to the large square greenhouse (now the site of the house). The northern gateway is boarded up; this gave immediate access to the central lean-to display greenhouse. These two were the prestigious family and visitor access to the kitchen gardens and the main display green houses which stood in the east section. The main working approach to the kitchen garden by the later nineteenth century was via the lane along the north-west side. The 110m long brick cross wall survives and still links the two halves. 3.3 EVIDENTIAL VALUE The evidential value of the Park lies in its potential to provide further information on the evolution of the Park which may enhance understanding of the Park and contribute to its heritage significance. Previous and ongoing archaeological investigations within the Park have identified a high potential for the recovery of buried archaeological evidence. Such evidence has the potential to reveal more about those elements of the park s history which are perhaps less well covered by the documentary record, these include: Establishing the location, nature, survival and significance of buildings and associated features shown on historic maps from the mid-nineteenth century, in particular the kitchen garden buildings and garden features. Locating the site of the medieval manor house and associated features, along with the nature, extent, survival and significance of the remains. Determining the presence, nature and extent of prehistoric, Roman and early medieval (Saxon) activity. The kitchen garden area is highlighted as having high potential for post-medieval remains of buildings shown on historic maps from the mid-nineteenth century onwards, along with garden features and planting beds. Such remains would be of low to medium heritage significance, depending on 3 Significance 35

36 whether these significantly contributed to the collective group value of the other buildings and features on the nineteenth century estate. Much of the northern field has seen development associated with Second World War use. Whilst the works are unlikely to have entailed major ground excavations or extensive or deep foundations, this will have partially or completely removed any prehistoric or Roman archaeological remains locally. Cut features might however survive beneath areas of hardstanding and beneath temporary structures. The north playing fields have high potential for post-medieval remains as air photographs dated to the 1940s show a WWII anti-aircraft gun emplacement and barracks across this part of the site. Although no above ground remains are visible, there are extensive parchmarks noted on the site walkover inspection, where the grass growth is stunted, suggesting that subsurface features such as hardstanding and slab/raft footings for temporary structures are still present, immediately beneath the topsoil. WWII remains would potentially be of medium significance if extensive and if enhanced with oral history accounts from local people. This would be derived from the evidential, historic and possibly communal value of the remains. A number of the extant park buildings have the potential to tell us more about their former layout and construction through analysis of their surviving fabric. This is particularly true of the two mansions. This potential remains to be exploited across the Park and may be particularly informative in some of the least understood or well documented buildings in the park. Whilst the former layout of the western part of the kitchen garden and the majority of the greenhouses have now gone, the kitchen garden retains considerable historic fabric and evidence for the historic layout which adds to the evidential value of this area of the site. The overall evidential value of the sites are deemed as medium. 3.4 HISTORIC VALUE The historic value of the Park lies predominantly in its far reaching historic associations and its documented past. There have been several prominent ownerships of the estate throughout its history, including the division and re-unification of some areas of land. This has led to a complexity of historical development as well as associations with numerous important architects and owners which are comprehensively detailed in the CMP. The site s significance is enhanced by events held at the estate such as parties thrown by the Rothschild s, the well documented opening ceremony of the public park during the 1920s and the modern day London Mela which celebrates Asian culture and art. The historical value of the Park and its buildings particularly through association with John Webb and his palladian mansion Sidney Smirke and the Rothschild family is considered to be very high. Established in the early nineteenth century, the kitchen gardens continued to provide fruit and vegetables for the Gunnersbury estate, as well as the Rothschild s other London estates, into the twentieth century. Whilst the majority of the historic features have been lost in the western area of the kitchen garden, the boundary wall acts as a reminder of the scale and design of the garden during this phase of the estate s history. The late nineteenth century entrance drive situated to the north of the proposal site, running parallel alongside the kitchen garden wall, follows the alignment of an earlier path shown on Rocque s map of 1746, as such it holds historic value as a reminder of the early estate landscape. Although now covered with a modern tarmac surface the drive has low historic value in illustrating another point of access to the late nineteenth century parkland. During WWII Gunnersbury Park was used as a heavy anti-aircraft artillery site, situated in the north western park of the playing fields. Photographic and cartographic evidence are key reminders of this significant part of the Park s history. The area of the proposed sports pavilion building to the west of the kitchen garden lay outside of the park boundary until the mid-nineteenth century. During the municipalisation of the park in the twentieth century the existing bowls greens and pavilion were built in this area, and still remain in situ. The bowls area is too recent to be of much historic value. Its historic value is therefore deemed as neutral. 3.5 AESTHETIC VALUE The aesthetic value of the Park lies in the architectural and landscape quality of individual components and their integrity as a cohesive group. Given the various owners and architects associated with the Park, there is a clear demonstration of fashions in design, popularity of garden buildings and follies, and the architectural styles which were used at various points in history. This results in a rich and varied heritage landscape. The buildings and garden landscaping were influenced by a number of 18th and 19th century architectural styles and landscaping genres including classical, gothick, Gothic and landscape style. In this way, the Park acts as a visual reference scale for changing design tastes. The aesthetic quality of the Park is diverse reflecting many phases of use and style, the aesthetic value of the Park is considered to be high. Whilst the surviving garden walls are of aesthetic value, the majority of the west area of the kitchen garden is covered in tarmac hardstanding and contains large greenhouses, sheds, portacabins used as offices, and designated parking areas. These are of neutral aesthetic value as are the disused bowls greens and pavilion. 36 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

37 3.6 COMMUNAL VALUE The communal value of the Park is exceptional. The Park is used by a wide cross section of the local and regional community for a number of uses. While heritage is perhaps not the main motivator for drawing people to the Park, it is recognised by visitors as a key definer of the Park s character. There is communal value in the continuous use of the estate and later the Park as a place for entertainment and leisure activity. When in use as a private estate, numerous people would have used its pleasure grounds, with the follies and buildings within it serving all manner of entertainment purposes. Though the land is now a public park this function still exists, with many of the buildings currently used periodically as a venue for functions and events. The provision of a sports pavilion within the park will draw visitors and perpetuate the historic use of the park for private and public leisure activity. The use of the public park in the twentieth century is of particularly high communal value. It is an important space for the general public and is of particular interest to residents of the two boroughs, as demonstrated by the existence of the Friends of Gunnersbury Park & Museum. The communal significance of the Park and the sports pavilion (conceptually) is considered to be high. Conservation Management Plan Policies The policies below and contained within the CMP are adhered to through the proposed development. CMP 6.2 RETAINING AND ENHANCING HERITAGE VALUE Development of areas with lower levels of historic significance can serve to take away the pressure of development or change on more significant elements of the Park. The Park is also capable of absorbing discreet and well-designed modern structures which do not detract from the heritage significance of the place and avoid historical pastiche. This is demonstrated by the modern toilet block north-west of the Large Mansion constructed using filled gambion baskets. Further opportunities to enhance the historic setting through the remodelling or replacement of less historically sympathetic buildings 6.4 CURRENT USE Use of the Park buildings in the evening could contribute to an increased presence in the Park during the hours of darkness. Office use during early evenings in winter?floodlit pitches? 6.5 ACCESS AND PUBLIC ENJOYMENT Accessibility to and around the Park is currently restricted by the poor state of repair of the Park paths and inadequate parking facilities. A number of key historic areas and buildings are currently fenced off or inaccessible to the public for reasons of health and safety and because they are in private use. Areas of particular note are the Potomac and Temple Lakes which are fenced off, the interior of the walled garden currently in private use and buildings in poor repair such as the Stables. Occasional tours or open days to currently private areas would improve accessibility at the same time as enhancing understanding of the historic development of the Park which is masked in the present day by current use. Character Area 3 The Working Estate Condition and ongoing maintenance of kitchen gardens walls will work seek to repair the walls? Lack of public access to interior of former kitchen garden. Character Area 5 Historic Enclosure/Playing Fields Lack of legibility of World War II history within the landscape. 3 Significance 37

38 4 IMPACT ASSESSMENT 4.1 SUMMARY OF PROPOSALS The proposals comprise the construction of a Sports Pavilion on the southern portion of the existing bowls pitch with tennis courts to the north. To the north west, west and south west a mix of grass and artificial pitches will be laid out. Additional parking will be provided within the Grade II garden walls to the east. The walls will be topped with reversible security wire as part of this process. The existing planting around the new Pavilion will be retained and supplemented to limit views of the Pavilion from the wider parkscape. The sports pitches will require some ground modification in the form of cut and fill to level the existing ground cartons. The following plans show the Pavilion and associated components in context. 38

39 SERVICE BAY NOTE Scale in Meters CLIENT. Revision Date Description By/C AFLS+P ARCHITECTS THE CORNERHOUSE FARRINGDON ROAD LONDON EC1M 3LN STATUS PLANNING ISSUE PROJECT DRAWING SCALE As indicated SHEET SIZE A1 T +44 (0) F +44 (0) E answers@s-parchitects.com W DRAWN BY Author CHECKED BY Checker DATE 09/16/1 This drawing must not be reproduced in whole or part without written consent. Do not scale this drawing. All dimensions in millimetres. COACH BAY PROPOSED SUBSTATION Proposed car parking CYCLE AND BIN STORE SPORTS STORE CYCLE STANDS CYCLE STANDS Proposed pavilion N EXTISTING TREES NEW TREES HOUNSLOW COUNCIL EALING COUNCIL LONDON MANCHESTER BIRMINGHAM GLASGO GUNNERSBURY PARK SITE PLAN - 01 PROJECT NO. DRAWING NO. REVISION 3399 (08)003 4 Impact Assessment 39

40 E This drawing must not be reproduced in whole or part without written consent. Do not scale this drawing. All dimensions in millimetres. Written dimensions to be checked on site. Electronic issue to be confirmed by paper copy only. c 2013 AFLSP Limited. All Rights Reserved. EAST AND SOUTH ELEVATIONS - PROPOSED SPORTS PAVILION NOTE East Elevation 1 : Revision Date Description By/Ch Scale in Meters South Elevation 1 : 100 CLIENT HOUNSLOW COUNCIL EALING COUNCIL LONDON MANCHESTER BIRMINGHAM GLASGOW Materials Material: Mark Material: Comments 1 Timber cladding 2 Gabion wall 3 Metal cladding 4 Perforated metal cladding 5 Pre-cast concrete 6 Louvre Existing level AFLS+P ARCHITECTS T +44 (0) THE CORNERHOUSE FARRINGDON ROAD F +44 (0) LONDON E answers@s-parchitects.com EC1M 3LN W STATUS PLANNING ISSUE PROJECT GUNNERSBURY PARK 7. Cycle stand 8. Sports store DRAWING EAST AND SOUTH ELEVATIONS S SCALE As indicated SHEET SIZE A1 PROJECT NO. DRAWING NO. DRAWN BY VG 3399 (08)012 CHECKED BY AC DATE 16/09/15 REVISION 40 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

41 W This drawing must not be reproduced in whole or part without written consent. Do not scale this drawing. All dimensions in millimetres. Written dimensions to be checked on site. Electronic issue to be confirmed by paper copy only. c 2013 AFLSP Limited. All Rights Reserved. WEST AND NORTH ELEVATIONS - PROPOSED SPORTS PAVILION NOTE West Elevation 1 : Revision Date Description By/Ch Scale in Meters North Elevation 1 : 100 CLIENT HOUNSLOW COUNCIL EALING COUNCIL N LONDON MANCHESTER BIRMINGHAM GLASGOW Materials Material: Mark Material: Comments 1 Timber cladding 2 Gabion wall 3 Metal cladding 4 Perforated metal cladding 5 Pre-cast concrete 6 Louvre Existing level AFLS+P ARCHITECTS T +44 (0) THE CORNERHOUSE FARRINGDON ROAD F +44 (0) LONDON E answers@s-parchitects.com EC1M 3LN W STATUS PLANNING ISSUE PROJECT GUNNERSBURY PARK 7. Flue 8. Sports store 9. Bench DRAWING WEST AND NORTH ELEVATIONS SCALE As indicated SHEET SIZE A1 DRAWN BY VG CHECKED BY AC DATE 16/09/15 PROJECT NO. DRAWING NO (08)013 REVISION 4 Impact Assessment 41

42 GUNNERSBURY PARK LEISURE DEVELOPMENT INCLUDING PROPOSED PITCH LAYOUT 42 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

43 PROPOSED LANDSCAPE MASTERPLAN 4 Impact Assessment 43

44 4.2 ASSESSMENT CRITERIA The following section will assess the impact of the proposed development on the heritage value of Gunnersbury Park and its component parts. This assessment is carried out in line with The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and has been based on the proposal drawings shown on the preceding pages. The impact will be assessed based on the following criteria: LEVEL OF CHANGE Major Change DESCRIPTION Results in a substantial visual or physical change (i.e. loss of historic fabric) to the form, appearance or context of a heritage asset. In order to more fully understand the effect of the impact of development on the heritage context, we have used criteria based on that recommended by ICOMOS. This is a clear way of understanding not just the impact of change but how levels of impact vary according to the value of the heritage asset. It defines the Level of Change proposed and secondly, the Effect of Overall Impact. The latter is in the form of a matrix which sets the Level of Change against Heritage Value to determine the subsequent Effect of Overall Impact which ranges from Neutral to Very Large. Moderate Change Minor Change Negligible Change No Change Results in a significant visual or physical change (i.e. loss of historic fabric) to the form, appearance or context of a heritage asset. Results in some visual or physical change (i.e. loss of historic fabric) to the form, appearance or context of a heritage asset. Results in a negligible visual or physical change to the form, appearance or context of a heritage asset. No visual or physical change to the heritage asset. HERITAGE VALUE (SIGNIFICANCE) + = LEVEL OF CHANGE OVERALL IMPACT The overall level of impact is judged as being either beneficial or adverse, in line with ICOMOS terminology. As implied, a beneficial impact refers to interventions that may have a positive effect on the asset, such as conservation of a feature. An adverse impact refers to interventions that may have a more negative impact, such as the removal of original fabric. The definition of the various impacts is set out in the table below. It is important to consider that adverse impacts may not be impermissible, just that their effect needs to be considered within the wider context and any beneficial impacts that may contribute as mitigating factors. The following section is intended to assess the impact of the proposals on the heritage value of the park. This assessment is based on the observations made while on site, an understanding of the development of the park and what makes it special and a review of the design proposals. The level of impact will take into account the significance of the heritage asset and the surrounding buildings and spaces, in order to weigh this against the level of change and conclude with a level of impact. The impact on above and below ground heritage assets is considered. HERITAGE VALUE LEVEL OF CHANGE (Adverse or Beneficial) No Change Negligible Minor Moderate Major EFFECT OF OVERALL IMPACT Very High Neutral Slight Moderate/ Large High Neutral Slight Moderate/ Large Large/ Very Large Large/ Very Large Very Large Very Large Medium Neutral Neutral/ Slight Slight Moderate Moderate/ Large Low Neutral Neutral/ Slight Neutral/ Slight Slight Slight/ Moderate Negligible Neutral Neutral Neutral/ Slight Neutral/ Slight Slight 44 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

45 4.3 IMPACT ASSESSMENT VALUE HERITAGE VALUE DESCRIPTION AND LEVEL OF CHANGE OVERALL IMPACT Gunnersbury Park Conservation Area and Registered Park and Garden incorporating key views identified in the CMP HIGH Immediate context of Sports Pavilion- Minor Change wider setting within park Moderate Change immediate setting Sports Pavilion Wider Setting The sports pavilion is proposed at a relatively discreet location within the park sheltered from the more formal elements of the park landscaping and built fabric west of the Temple Pond and Walled Gardens. In its predeveloped state, the site is screened from long distance views by an evergreen tree line to the west and lower level hedgerows on the remaining sides. Views of the site from the open parkland to the south and south west are impeded by intervening parkland trees and the Children s playground. The scale and massing of the building has been developed to nestle within its immediate context Aesthetic value of walled garden when viewed from wider Park Negligible Change The area within the walled garden will be reused to accommodate leisure centre associated parking. None of the structures proposed for removal within the walled garden hold any heritage value. The appearance of the encircling Listed walls will remain as today retaining the sense of enclose associated with the walled garden and its distinct separation from the wider estate and from the site of the sports pavilion and proposed sports pitches. Open Parkland Negligible Change/no change The area of open green field west and south-west of the proposed sports pavilion is currently occupied by sports pitches delineated by goal posts. The proposals seek to re-landscape this area to provide more formal sports pitches, this will be achieved through land levelling. Long distance views across the park and towards the site of the proposed sports pavilion will be largely unaffected by its introduction, largely as a result of intervening park planting. Immediate setting Large/very large adverse. This adverse impact is reduced to minor as a result of the existing and proposed supplementation of screening around the proposed development site Walled Garden/Car Park Area Slight adverse impact With the exception of the security fencing, views of the Listed walls will remain largely unchanged as a result of the proposed development. The change remains adverse as the use of the former kitchen gardens will be altered from its historic horticultural use to a wholly associated use as a car park Open Parkland Aesthetic quality of Open Parkland Slight adverse/neutral impact. The re landscaping of the parkland west of the sports pavilion will retain the existing and municipal use of this open area of the park. It will however result in some small scale alteration to the topography of the site from existing. It should be noted however that this area of the park is likely to have undergone landscaping to provide the existing sports pitches around Impact Assessment 45

46 VALUE HERITAGE VALUE DESCRIPTION AND LEVEL OF CHANGE OVERALL IMPACT Grade II Listed HIGH garden walls Other Listed Buildings within the Park Buried Archaeology HIGH MEDIUM (POTENTIAL) Negligible From an exterior vantage point the Listed Garden walls will largely remain as in the present day following the development of the interior car park. The walls will be topped with minimal intervention security fencing which will be largely invisible from middle and long distance views. Listed Building fabric No change Listed Building context Minor Change Beyond the Listed garden walls, no other Listed Buildings are located in the immediate context of the proposed sports pavilion or sports pitches. Historic and municipal park planting south east of the site as well as the intervening development within the former walled gardens acts as a visual barrier dividing the proposed development site from the formal Listed Buildings and structures to the east. Moderate Landscaping works associated with proposed MUGA and sports pitches comprise ground cut and fill and as such have the potential to impact on any buried archaeological deposits. This risk is of particular note to the north of the proposed sports pavilion at the site of the known World War II military defences. Ground works across this area largely comprise cut rather than fill. The slight adverse impact resulting from alteration to the physical appearance of the Listed wall as a result of security interventions will be mitigated through design detailing. There would be a neutral impact on the fabric and local context of all other Listed Buildings within the Park. The proposed development would not be visible from any vantage points across the park allowing their historic curtilage to remain unaffected. Potential Moderate adverse on buried archaeological deposit should they exist within the footprint of proposed landscaping. Archaeological evidence suggests that archaeological deposits associated with WWII structures exists north and north-west of the existing bowling green in the area proposed for re-landscaping to accommodate sports pitches. The adverse effects of this ground intrusion could be mitigated by preservation by record through archaeological investigation. 46 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

47 4.4 DISCUSSION Gunnersbury Park is allocated within the Local Plan for restoration. This restoration includes potential enabling development and creation of a sporting hub. The Park and a number of features within it are on the Heritage at Risk Register and are noted within the top 12 risk properties in England by Historic England. It is recognised that significant investment is needed to restore and repair the buildings and landscape and part of this process is to include regeneration to protect and enhance what is most important about this special place. While some minor adverse impacts resulting from the proposals have been drawn out in the above table, this impact has been minimised where possible through the discreet placement of the new sports pavilion, careful design treatment of the park fronting elevations and the optimisation of existing and supplementary screening around its curtilage. This aside, this low level adverse impact must be weighed up against the overall public benefit of the proposals which will result in the revitalisation of the park and will enable through revenue generation the regeneration of the park and its component parts, a key objective of both the Local Plan, the English Heritage at Risk Register and the Park wide Conservation Management Plan (Purcell 2015, unadopted currently being updated). Furthermore, Paragraph 131 of the NPPF States: In determining planning applications, local planning authorities should take account of: the desirability of sustaining and enhancing the significance of heritage assets and putting them to viable uses consistent with their conservation; the positive contribution that conservation of heritage assets can make to sustainable communities including their economic vitality; and the desirability of new development making a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness. The development proposals seek to adhere to this policy, looking to protect what is most important about Gunnersbury Park through considered intervention and through the use of new build development to reflect the qualities of an active park environment and to encourage and support regeneration across the more historically important areas of the park. When considering the proposals within the park landscape as a whole, they are believed to result in less than substantial harm on the overall heritage value of the park. Paragraph 134 of the NPPF states that Where a development proposal will lead to less than substantial harm to the significance of a designated heritage asset, this harm should be weighed against the public benefits of the proposal, including securing its optimum viable use. The proposed development seeks to perpetuate the use of the municipal park encouraging visitors and bringing in revenue that will help support the regeneration of the park as a whole without impacting the key heritage values of the park. 4 Impact Assessment 47

48 APPENDICES APPENDIX A: APPENDIX B: BIBLIOGRAPHY VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT 48 Leisure Centre, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, October 2015

49 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY BIBLIOGRAPHY Please refer to the previous CMP for additional sources which have not been referenced in this updated document. Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Maps Driver, E 1835 Plan of Gunnersbury Park Printed sale plan of Gunnersbury Park as developed by Copland since c & Mansion... Rothchild Archive, New Court. Greenwood 1819 Plan of Middlesex British Library Maps BL Maps Kretschmar, E A detailed plan, which Copy in GPM Plan Chest 84.99; Map of Gunnersbury Park also includes two Geological Sections The Royal Collection; Royal further copy at Rothchild Archive, with vignette views through the park and a series of sketches of Archives, Windsor New Court. scenes and buildings within the park. Map of the Parish of Ealing by William Nichols of Brentford. Shows Pleasure Gardens enlarged to include land Nichols, William (of 1777 Map of the Parish of Ealing to south and west. House enlarged. Brentford) Gardens still enclosed by a wall. Ealing Library Horseshoe Pond, Round Pond, Temple, two gothic buildings and?2 further buildings. Map of the Parish of Ealing by William Nichols of Brentford. By the 1822 edition the two gothic buildings were not shown. One of the buildings, a tall spire, in the SW corner of the park, is shown in an C18 Nichols, William (of 1777 (revised Map of the Parish of Ealing watercolour. The other, which looks like a Brentford) 1822) church, resembles the gothic Priory of St Ealing Library Hubert, built by Richard Bentley for Henrietta Howard at Marble Hill. The Priory functioned as a barn for the Marble Hill Farm. Ordnance Survey Surveyors Notebook Surveyors Notebook Drawings Sheet 152 British Library Card 210 AA Report see GPM: FC /1a 4a AA Report see GPM: FC /1a 4a Ordnance Survey 1865 OS Map 1st edition Ordnance Survey 25 series surveyed 1865, published British Library Maps Mddx sheet XVI.13 & XXI.1 1st edition Ordnance Survey 25 series surveyed 1865, published Ordnance Survey 1865 OS Map Coloured and annotated in red ink with Tithe details. Rothchild Archive, New Court. Mddx sheet XVI.13 & XXI.1 Ordnance Survey 1865 OS Map 1st edition Ordnance Survey 6 series surveyed 1865, published National Library of Scotland Mddx sheet XVI & XXI 2nd edition Ordnance Survey 25 series surveyed , published 1894 Ordnance Survey OS Map 96. British Library Maps Mddx sheet XVI.13 & XXI.1 Ordnance Survey OS Map 2nd edition Ordnance Survey 6 series surveyed , published British Library Maps Mddx sheet XVI & XXI Ordnance Survey 1915 OS Map Ordnance Survey 25 scale 3rd edition British Library Maps Mddx sheet XVI.13 & XXI.1 Ordnance Survey 1915 OS Map Ordnance Survey 6 scale 3rd edition British Library Maps Mddx sheet XVI & XXI Ordnance Survey 1935 OS Map Ordnance Survey 25 scale revised edition British Library Maps Mddx sheet XVI.13 & XXI.1 Ordnance Survey 1965 OS Map Ordnance Survey 1:2,500 scale British Library Maps Mddx sheet XVI.13 & XXI.1 Ordnance Survey OS Map Ordnance Survey Map First edition National Grid 1:2500 series British Library Maps Appendix A: Bibliography 49

50 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Rocque, John 1746 Roque, Plan of London and the County Near Ten Miles Round A Plan of the Cities of London & Westminster, and Borough of Southwark. Showing a formal garden, enclosed by walls. The rest of the estate was laid out as orchards and as parkland, with an avenue (surveyed 1741). AA Report Copy in GPM Plan Chest Unknown nd Plan showing polo field Unknown 1784 Plan of Gunnersbury Estate Plan of Gunnersbury Park showing Polo Field of 17 acres to the west of the park. Shows leasehold and freehold areas and environs of mansion including walled garden to south & terrace; no ponds shown Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM85.98/15b. (Ealing) GPM Unknown 1800 Unknown 1801 or 1802 Unknown 1835 Plan of the Gunnersbury Estate, the property of Mr Estate divided into 9 lots with acreage of each, shows Round Pond and 'Dairy Morley, as allotted for safe Soane Museum House' (Temple). d: July 22nd 1800 Plan showing division of estate Plan of Gunnersbury Park House and Grounds Unknown 1836 Plan of Gunnersbury 1836 Unknown 1861 Plan of Gunnersbury Park showing purchase of additional land in 1861 Indenture including a plan of the garden. Shows the Dairy House (Temple) by the Round Pond and the division of land into 13 plots Plan of Gunnersbury Park House and Grounds, part of deeds Plan of Gunnersbury 1836 in corner of a deed showing paths, Italian Gardens, building locations (prob. The alcove in southern belt, gothic buildings in west belt and Dairy [Temple] by Round Pond), and tree types. Deed gives further details Plan of Gunnersbury Park showing purchase of additional land in 1861 (331 acres) including Coles Hole, a former clay pit, which became the Potomac Lake. The Tile Kiln was converted into the Boathouse and folly tower. Gunnersbury Park Museum LMA? Ealing Library Ealing Library: C W (illustration) Copy at GPM Drawer 30. Set 3. Item 2, held with material on Pitzhanger Manor estate that Soane eventually bought. GPM: Plan Chest 85.98/1 (Plan) GPM: Box File 1 (transcript) Copy GPM GPM: FC /3 (plan) GPM: Box File 1 (transcript of deed) (Ealing Library) Unknown 1839 Ealing Parish Tithe Map Tithe Map London Metropolitan Archives LMA TA/EAL; Copy GPM Unknown 1839 Tithe Map of Ealing Tithe Map of Ealing London Metropolitan Archives LMA TA/EAL Unknown 1855 Plan of Gunnersbury 1855 Plan of Gunnersbury Park showing the Bishop of London s leasehold lands. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest 85.98/11b Unknown 1862 Plan as part of Indenture with land to east marked late Thomas Farmer Esq. Plan as part of Indenture with land to east marked late Thomas Farmer Esq. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest 85.98/12a (plan) GPM: Box File 1 (transcript) Unknown 1884 Unknown 1981 Sketch plan of water supply Artillery placement within Gunnersbury Park Sketch plan of Water Supply and Fire Service at Gunnersbury Park Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest /1 Map showing WWII artillery placements within Gunnersbury Park Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest 50 Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

51 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Unknown Early C20 Plan showing polo field Architectural Drawings Green, B. (after S. Wale) c.1761 Elevation of John Webb's House Plan of Gunnersbury Park showing the Polo Field of 17 acres in the west of the park. Engraving of north front of Webb house with scalloped forecourt walls. Ealing Library Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest 85.98/15b (Ealing) GPM: Green Box T610/0 1 & Jones, Inigo c Plans & front elevation of John Webb's house from Vitruvius Britannicus Engraving of Gunnersbury House, attributed by Colen Campbell to Inigo Jones RIBA Vitruvius Brit. Vol p Pulham, J. W. C19th James Pulham s initial design for the boathouse on Potomac lake. Sketch design of Potomac Lake boat house Gunnersbury Park Museum Rothschild Archive Smirke, Sydney c.1835 Smirke, Sydney c.1835 Smirke, Sydney c.1835 Smirke, Sydney c.1835 Smirke, Sydney c.1835 Smirke, Sydney 1835 Plan of Small Mansion ground floor Plan of Small Mansion conservatory Smirke s design for the new doors South elevation drawn by Smirke Ground floor plan is altered by Smirke Drawing of proposed Conservatory by Smirke. Plan of Small Mansion ground floor as proposed to be altered by Sydney Smirke c Drawing of proposed Conservatory by Smirke. Rothschild Archive GPM: FC /13 Design for Small Mansion doors South elevation of Small Mansion Plan of Small Mansion ground floor as altered by Smirke Drawing of proposed Conservatory by Smirke. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: FC /13 RIBA RIBA RIBA RIBA Smirke, Sydney 1835 Ground Plan of Gunnerbury Park 1835 Ground plan of the Gunnersbury Park House as proposed to be altered by Rothschild Archive Sydney Smirke dated September Shows the Carriage Drive approach. GPM: Plan Chest (Rothschild) Smirke, Sydney 1838 Plan of drainage by S Smirke Plan by Sydney Smirke showing the drainage between the two parts of Horseshoe pond and showing divisions between the ponds. Refers to the fountain in Mr Farmer s pond. Ealing Library GPM: Plan Chest 85.98/76 (Ealing) Smirke, Sydney 1835 Drawing of the south elevation Drawing of the south elevation of Gunnersbury Park House, by Sydney Smirke Gunnersbury Park Museum 1835, showing the exterior before Smirke s alterations. Rothschild; CPM: FC /11b Smirke, Sydney Smirke, Sydney c.1836 Unknown Post 1843 Sydney Smirke s Scrapbook Elevation of East Stable block Watercolour of Smirk s Orangery Sydney Smirke s Scrapbook, including designs for Gunnersbury Sydney Smirke s elevation for the East Stable Block Watercolour of Smirk s Orangery (built c ) Shows its immediate setting on the west side of Horseshoe pond. Rothschild Archive, New Court. Collett White (illustration). Appendix A: Bibliography 51

52 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Unknown Pre 1792 Drawing of a garden building In the Gardens at Gunnersbury. Possibly by Drawing of a garden William Chambers Shown in Payne view of 1792 and probably demolished building In the Gardens at c1800. The Bath house is now located very near the site of this building and Gunnersbury. the two are therefore unlikely to have co existed. GPM: FC (Chiswick) Unknown Mid C19 Plan and elevation of the lodge showing the new porch Plan and elevation of the lodge showing the new porch Gunnersbury Park Museum Unknown 1928 Ground floor plan, 1928 Ground floor plan of Large Mansion Gunnersbury Park Museum Webb, J. c.1658 Designs by J. Webb Books & Other Publications Angus, W The Seats of the Nobility and Gentry in Great Britain and Wales Baker, T. F. T A History of Middlesex Blumstein, M. H Boyken, E. (ed.) 1958 Boykin, E Bradley Hole, K 2004 Bushy, M 1997 Middlesex Monthly, 2 Apr., pp Victoria, Albert and Mrs Stevenson Description of an 1838 fete at Gunnersbury Gunhilda's Graceful Grounds', Country Life, 22 July, pp Journal of the Japanese Garden SocietySummer 1997 John Webb, public and son in law (?) of Inigo Jones, built Gunnersbury House for John Maynard. Designs by Webb at RIBA. Webb was assisted by Edward Marshall and Inigo Jones may have been involved in the design of the house, which was completed in 1663 Angus described Gunnersbury in The Gardens had been greatly improved by her Royal Highness, to which many Additions were made by Plantations, additional Grounds and elegant erections. The Victoria History of the Counties of England: A History of Middlesex, pp Historic houses of the County: Gunnersbury Park. Fete at Gunnersbury July Described in Victoria, Albert and Mrs Stevenson Ed. E Boykin 1958 Fete at Gunnersbury July Described in Victoria, Albert and Mrs Stevenson Ed. E Boykin 1958 Article on grounds using historic CL images. M. Bushy, The lost Japanese garden of Gunnersbury Park, West London,Shakkeipp RIBA N/A Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: FC /14 (Rothschild Scrap). N/A GPM: Plan Chest /1 Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest /1 Campbell, C Vitruvius Britannicus Engraving of Gunnersbury House, attributed by Colen Campbell to Inigo Jones RIBA (also available online) Vitruvius Brit. Vol p Collett White, A Collett White, A. and J Corner, G. R Gunnersbury Park and The Rothschilds Gunnersbury Park and the Rothschilds Ripley with a Ruler', The Builder, 9, p. 3. Booklet containing the history of the park between 1835 and 1926, with some details on the earlier and later history Gunnersbury Park and the Rothschilds. Heritage Publications, London Borough of Hounslow. Booklet containing the history of the park between 1835 and 1926, with some details on the earlier and later history & repro of some Autochromes. Heritage Publications, London Borough of Hounslow. 52 Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

53 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Curtis, C.A Defoe, D Dixon Hunt, J Dodsley, R and Dodsley, J Gardener's Magazine 28 July, pp A Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain 3 (3rd Ed.) pp within appendix) William Kent; Landscape Designer Gunnersbury House near Ealing inlondon and its Environs Described C.A. Curtis, Gunnersbury Park, Acton. Gunnersbury Park Museum GM 28 July 1906 GPM: Box File 1 Daniel Defoe described Gunnersbury in his Tour. The description refers to the Terrace, steps down to the garden, which was too plain and enclosed by walls. William Kent, Landscape Designer, by John Dixon Hunt R. & J. Dodsley, Gunnersbury House near Ealing inlondon and its Environs Described3pp Description of Gunnersbury in London and its Environs Described very similar to Defoe Elliot, B Victorian Gardens Victorian Gardens Batsford. Elliot, B The GardenDec 1992 B. Elliott, Note on H.J. Farmer p Elliot, B The GardenMarch 1992 B. Elliott, Top marks for James Hudson pp E.T. & B.D Rest garden where a Article by E.T. & B.D., Rest garden where a princess bathed in Acton Gazette princess bathed and West London Post An account of a period in horticultural history, which looks at the revolution Elliot, B Victorian Gardens in aesthetics, the rise of the head gardener, the high Victorian garden and history and horticulture. Morison s widow, Jane, Countess of Carnwarth, sold Gunnersbury House and grounds to Thomas Farmer in Sale advertised in The Morning Chronicle Faulkner, T The Morning Chronicle 23 July 1828 as a beautiful freehold estate forming the East End of Gunnersbury Park. Refers to commanding terrace walk elegant Gunnersbury Park Museum Conservator lawn and pleasure ground and an ornamental dairy in the gothic style and cold bath. Faulkner, T The History and Antiquities of Brentford, Ealing and Chiswick, p.257 Defoe Tour Vol 3 Gunnersbury Park Museum Vol GPM: Box File 1 Acton Gazette and West London Post March Gunnersbury Park Museum T. Faulkner Brentford, Ealing & Chiswick 1845 GPM: Box File 1 (copy) Festing, S Article S. Festing, Recent discoveries and restoration of Pulham sites pp Garden History Gordon, G Gunnersbury Park Museum Hudson, J Hudson, J Hudson, J Hudson, J The Gardeners Magazine45Mar. 15 G. Gordon, A Japanese Garden in England illustration of the Japanese Garden, pp Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File Gunnersbury Park guidebook Gunnersbury Park Museum A Japanese Garden in England' Journal of the Royal Horticultural Societ y, pp The Garden, 01 Mar, pp J. Hudson, Wall gardening at Gunnersbury. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 Journal of Horticulture 25 J. Hudson, Hardy Nymphaeas, Notes of the Waterlily collection pp J.Hortand Cottage Gardener25 Aug Gunnersbury Park Museum Aug & 8 Sept continued Sept 8 p. 188, 189. & 8 Sept 1898 Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society J. Hudson, A Japanese garden in England Appendix A: Bibliography 53

54 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Unknown 1853 Unknown 1854 Unknown 1855 GC & Agricultural Gazette 27 Aug, pp GC & Agricultural Gazette, 6 May, p. 287 The Gardeners Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, 18 Aug, pp Garden memoranda. Gunnersbury Park, the seat of Baron de Rothschild. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: /1D Garden memoranda. Gunnersbury, effects of frost Gardeners. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: /1E Gunnersbury Park, the seat of Baron de Rothschild. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: /1F Unknown 1856 The Gardeners Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, 2 Aug, pp Garden memoranda. Gunnersbury Park. Reference to fine conifers of rarer and better kinds. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: /1G Unknown 1857 Cottage Gardener and Country Gentleman s Companion, 24 March. Article on Gunnersbury Park Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM:Box File 1 Unknown 1862 The Gardeners Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, p Gunnersbury Park, Ealing. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: /1H Unknown 1871 The Gardeners Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, pp. 486, 516, 565, 582, 598, 614. Garden memoranda. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 Unknown 1873 The Gardeners Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, 19 April, pp Tree ferns at Gunnersbury. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 Unknown 1881 Unknown 1881 Unknown 1883 Unknown 1885 Unknown 1891 Unknown 1891 Unknown 1891 Gardeners Chronicle, 16 July, pp Garden, 19, 26 Feb, pp Gunnersbury House. GC6ii July Country Seats and Gardens of Great Britain: Gunnersbury Park, Acton. Separate illustration of the cedar grove without text p. 2. Description of the newly created Potomac Lake. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 The Garden, 23, Nov 3, Gunnersbury Park. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 2 pp Journal of Horticulture 9 Journal of Horticulture & CG 9 July Gunnersbury House by 'A caller' Gunnersbury Park Museum July, pp GPM: Box File 1 The Gardeners Chronicle, 29, 17 April, pp. 486, 516. Garden memoranda. The new vineries at Gunnersbury. Gardeners Chronicle, 9 View of the Magnolia conspicua. GC I 1891 p 591 May, p.591. Gardening World, 20 June, Gunnersbury Park. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: /18A p Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

55 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Unknown 1893 Unknown 1893 Unknown 1898 Unknown 1901 Unknown 1906 Unknown 1900 Unknown 1902 Unknown 1902 Unknown 1902 Gardeners' Chronicle, 14 October, pp Jottings from Gunnersbury Park. Gunnersbury Park Museum GC1414 Oct 1893 GPM: Box File 1 Gardeners' Chronicle, 07 October, pp Notes from Gunnersbury House. Gunnersbury Park Museum GC1427 Oct 1893 GPM: Box File 1 The Gardeners Chronicle, Illustration of a Dendrobium Formosum Giganteum at Gunnersbury House 31 Dec Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 Journal of Horticulture, J.Hort CG 8 Aug 1901 GPM: Box Cottage Gardener, 8 Aug, Gunnersbury House Article on the Japanese Gardens. Gunnersbury Park Museum File 1 p The Gardeners Chronicle, Description of Gunnersbury Park. 18 Aug Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 Country Life, 24 Nov., pp. Gunnersbury Park & House gardens Chiswick Library CL Nov pp Gardener's Magazine, 15 The Japanese Garden March. Gunnersbury Park Museum GM 15 Mar 1902 GPM: Box File 1 The Gardeners Chronicle, Illustration of, and short article on the Japanese Garden 5 April. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 The Gardeners Chronicle, April 5, pp The Japanese Garden, Gunnersbury House, Acton (Supplementary illustration). Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 Unknown 1902 Unknown 1902 Unknown 1902 Unknown 1905 The Gardeners Chronicle, 31, 10 May, pp The Gardeners Chronicle, 32, 12 July, pp The Car, No. XI, 20 Aug, pp The Gardeners Chronicle, 34, 2 Dec, p.388 View of the Japanese Garden Gunnersbury House, Acton. Japanese Garden at Gunnersbury House, Acton' (supplementary illustration). Cars and country houses no. XI, Gunnersbury Park Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 Gunnersbury House Gardens, specially Japanese and Bamboo Gardens. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 Unknown 1906 Unknown 1906 Unknown 1906 Unknown 1906 Unknown 1908 Unknown 1910 The Gardeners Chronicle, Gunnersbury Park. 40, 13 Aug, pp , 133. Journal of Horticulture, 10 Gunnersbury in May May, pp Gunnersbury Park Museum J.Hort.HF 10 May GPM: Box File 1 Journal of Horticulture, 31 View of Gunnersbury House and lake May. Gunnersbury Park Museum J.HortHF 31 May GPM: Box File 1 Gardeners' Chronicle, 11 Gunnersbury House especially Swiss, Japanese, Ivy and Heath Gardens. P. August, pp has photo of Hudson. Gunnersbury Park Museum GC4011 Aug 1906 GPM: Box File 1 Gardener's Magazine, 28 Photograph of the basket beds July. GM 28 July 1908 The Gardeners Chronicle, 15 Oct, pp The Gunnersbury Gardens. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: /13 Appendix A: Bibliography 55

56 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Unknown 1917 Gardeners' Chronicle, June 1917, pp Leopold de Rothschild obituary Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: /14 Unknown 1919 Unknown 1925 The Gardeners Chronicle, 63, April 19, p.144. Country Life, 11 April, pp Retirement of James Hudson'. Description of the gardens. Chiswick Library CL April pp Unknown 1930 Some Historical Notes on Gunnersbury Park. In form of guide book General history from the C11 up to Includes current photos. Published by Gunnersbury Park Joint Committee? National Monument Record Copy at GPM Unknown c.1951 Guidebook Old guide book Chiswick Library Unknown 1962 Brentford and Chiswick Times, 9 Nov. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest Weale, J London and its Vicinity, Refers to an alcove seat with a fountain and a statue to Eve. The Temple was GPM: Box File 1 Gunnersbury Park Museum pp at this time used as a billiards room (copy) White, R As Finely Finished as Anything, Country Life, 11 General history including C17 and C18 Gunnersbury Park Museum CL Nov pp GPM: Nov, pp.? Box File 1 Wisdon, J Brentford and Chiswick Brentford and Chiswick Local 'The Gunnersbury Park Estate', Local History Journal, 3 History Society N/A Wright, H. J Journal of Horticulture, 27 J Hort CG 27 July 1899 GPM: Box Gunnersbury House. Gunnersbury Park Museum July, pp File 1 Wythes, G Gardeners' Chronicle, 27 May, p.333 Gunnersbury Park and House. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM:Box File 2 56 Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

57 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Unpublished Reports & Other Material Auvache, J. nd A Bibliography of Gunnersbury Park Estate by Jan Auvache A Bibliography of Gunnersbury Park Estate by Jan Auvache (unpublished). Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM Box File 1 Ash, H.J. et al Flowers in the Grass H. J. Ash, R. Bennett and R. Scott,Flowers in the Grass. English Nature. Beresford, C Bold, J C. Beresford, Report to London Borough of Hounslow including references list used in Gunnersbury Park Garden Blandford Archives. Unpub. Ph. D. thesis. Univ. Reading Extract Department of History of Art from manuscript for PhD J. Bold, John Webb. Sept 1979, pages headed Gunnersbury House; notes 1 39 on pps , Appendix VIII headed Gunnersbury Temple pps , notes 1 42 on pps 374, 375) London Borough of Hounslow Butcher, J. et al 1993 Student report for the Architectural Association Conservation Of Historic Landscapes course. J. Butcher, V. Hinze, S. Wood and Y. Young, Gunnersbury Park, Aspects of Conservation. Cherry, B. (Dr) nd Notes by Dr. B. Cherry Notes on Gunnersbury by Dr Bridget Cherry Gunnersbury Park Museum Chris Blandford Associates 2008 The Gunnersbury Park Estate, Conservation Management Plan Collett White, James and nd, c. early Analysis of horticultural Anne 1990s magazines Analysis of horticultural magazines Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM Box File 1 Collett White, J. nd Working papers of J. Collett White Working papers of J. Collett White Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM Box File 1 Collett White, J Guidebook notes Notes on Rothschild Box Files at Ealing Library (mostly Ref.DP119) made by James C W 1984 Incls. Transcripts of the C19 deeds. Gunnersbury Park Museum GMP Box File 1 The Landscape Group, University of East Anglia 2013 Heritage Tree Survey Leveridge, R Unpub. B.A. thesis Dept. History of Art, Sheffield City Polytechnic R. Leveridge, The Rothschild Style: Aspects of the Patronage and Collecting of the Rothschild Family in England in the Nineteenth Century. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 2 Nicholson, R The Management of the Gunnersbury Park Estate R. Nicholson, Unpub. Notes made at the Rothschild Archives. xtensive notes plus a short report on The Management of the Gunnersbury Park Estate by Gunnersbury Park Museum Rosy Nicholson (research at Rothschild Archives 1988). Includes photocopies of nursery bills from the Lees nursery GPM uncatalogued. Sarah Couch Historic Landscapes 2012 Gunnersbury Park Landscape Conservation Statement Appendix A: Bibliography 57

58 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Wingate, M White, R. nd, c. 1980s Images Angus, W Notes on Pulhamite Survey Working papers of R. White Engraving of the south front Notes on Pulhamite Survey by Michael Wingate for Swann and Associates. Report dated 29thFeb Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM Box File 1 Working papers of R. White Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM. Box File 1 Engraving by W Angus after E Dayes: The Seat of Walter Stirling Esq 1797 South front Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest GPM: Green Box GPM: FC3 Car Magazine 1902 North front of the large Mansion Photograph of the north front of the Large Mansion From Car magazine, National Motor Museum Country Life 1900 Country Life Photographs Dayes, E. (engraved by William Angus) 1797 John Webb's House in Lyons Environs of London 23 Country Life photographs of the gardens taken for the CL article in November 1900 Engraving of John Webb's house included in Lysons' Environs of London National Monument Record, Swindon London Metropolitan Archives GPM: /28 34 and de Rothschild, L. c Early colour glass plates Series of early colour glass plates of Gunnersbury gardens taken by Lionel de Copies at GPM: /43 58 and Mr Edmund de Rothschild Rothschild ( ) in Collett White, Opening of the Gunnersbury Park opened to the public by Neville Chamberlain on 21 May GPM 1926 Gunnersbury Park Museum A cine film of the opening and invitations etc are in the Gunnersbury Museum. Gunnersbury Park Museum Green, B. nd c.1761 Engraving of north front of Engraving of north front of Webb house with scalloped forecourt walls. B Webb house Green after S Wale. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Green Box T610/0 1 & Green, G G. Green 33/NBR 9/9/1947 Boathouse. National Monument Record NMR BB 47/1362 Green, G G. Green 332 NBR 9/9/947 Orangery. National Monument Record NMR BB 47/1363 Green, G G. Green 333 NBR 9/9/1947 Coachouse. National Monument Record NMR BB 47/1364 Green, G G. Green NBR 9/9/1947 view from gate to mansion. National Monument Record NMR BB 47/1365 Green, G G. Green 335 NBR 9/9/2947 Temple very similar to today. National Monument Record NMR BB 47/1366 Green, G G. Green 336 NBR 9/9/1947 Princess Amelia s Bath House. National Monument Record NMR BB 47/1367 Oldfield, H.G. c. 18th century watercolour Watercolour of house by H. G. Oldfield Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM /2. Oldfield, H.G. nd (C18) Watercolour Watercolour by HG Oldfield of the Webb House Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Green Box /2 Oppenheim, M 1835 Oppenheim, M. nd Painting of Lionel de Rothschild Painting of Lionel de Rothschild Payne, W watercolours Payne, W Painting of Gunnersbury House Painting of Lionel de Rothschild by M Oppenheim in Shows a garden in the background, with pavilion, pond and fountain? Gunnersbury National Portrait Gallery National Portrait Gallery C W Lionel de Rothschild by Mr. Oppenheim. National Trust Reproduced in C W Five watercolours by William Payne, 1792, commissioned by Walter Stirling. They show the house from the S; the house from SSE; a view of the Temple and lake; looking E from the S front; and the house from the N with stables One of a series of five watercolours commissioned by Sir Walter Stirling They show the house from the S; the house from SSE; a view of the Temple and lake; looking E from the S front; and the house from the N with stables Gunnersbury Park Museum Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM Green Box GPM: FC & GPM Green Box GPM: FC & Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

59 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Rothschild Archive, New Court Photographs interiors & exteriors Rothschild Archive, New Court 000/924/8/1 Rothschild Archive, New Court Late C19/early C20 Photographs Large mounted photos, loose, several of garden. Rothschild Archive, New Court 000/924/9/1 Rothschild Archive, New Large album including photos by Julia Margaret Cameron (not of Late C19 Photographs Rothschild Archive, New Court 000/924/21 Court Gunnersbury) Small Mansion One of a series of early colour glass plates of Mr Edmund de Rothschild Archive Rothschild, Lionel de c.1912 photographed from Gunnersbury gardens taken by Lionel de Rothschild GPM: (Gunnersbury Park Museum) Horseshoe Pond Rothschild ( ) /43 58 A. F. Rushing 17/9/1953 view across lake to Gunnersbury Park House. Lake Postcard showing view Rushing, A.F drained. Postcard received 23/3/1953 similar view to above. Another H6636 with lake drained showing Gunnersbury House. Postcard Gunnersbury Schearboom 1957 Schearboom. Postcard received 7/3/1957. Gunnersbury Park House. J 7505 J Park House 1957 Undated photo of the old Unknown nd Undated photograph of The old pond MP 04/223. pond Unknown nd Drawing In the gardens at Gunnersbury (drawing of an alcove). Chiswick Library ME /728.3G. Undated photo of Undated photograph of Horseshoe Pond within bamboo and pampas grass at Unknown nd ME Horseshoe pond edge. Unknown C18 Four views of Gunnersbury Unknown Early C19th Unknown Late 1830s Unknown Sketch of lost garden pavilion Four views of Gunnersbury: Gunnersbury House; The Chapel in the Gardens; Pavilion in the Gardens (a Gothic spire); and Pavilion in the Gardens (an alcove seat). The location fro the above is seen on the southern edge of the park in the 1777 and 1847 plans. The gothic spire can be seen in the SW corner of the park on the 1777 plan. The Chapel was built for Princess Amelia and these two garden buildings are also likely to have been built for her by John Oldfield (see Princess Amelia s Will 1786). Copies of eighteenth century watercolours including 1a. House; 1b. Chapel; 1c. Pavilion in the gardens Gothic spire; 1d. Pavilion in the gardens alcove seat. Watercolour of Watercolour showing Gunnersbury Park House from the south during Gunnersbury Pakr House Hannah de Rothschild s ownership. Sows the terrace and the trees, path and in the snow shrubberies around. Photographs of plants and trees Various photographs of plants and trees in the gardens at Gunnersbury, extracted from gardening magazines Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: FC /1a 4a Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM National Trust National Trust Waddesdon Manor; C W (illustration) Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: /36 41 Unknown Undated Photographs National Monument Record Unknown Early C20th The West Terrace Arch Postcard photograph looking east through the West Terrace Archway Gunnersbury Park Museum Unknown Unknown c.1920s late 1940s/50s? Bridge over Horseshoe Pond Photograph of the bridge over Horseshoe Pond Gunnersbury Park Museum CC 56/25 CC 56/26 CC 56/27 CC 56/28 CC 56/29 CC 56/30 Temple across the Round Pond. May be quite late 1940s/50s? National Monument Record CC 73/2497 CPS 1083 Appendix A: Bibliography 59

60 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Unknown late 1950s/early 1960s Photograph showing demolished dairy Four photographs of dairy (now demolished) and one of north from the house showing newly planted lime and Edwardian lamp standards. 74/ or MHLG 30/10/1958 Walker 1787/1796 Engraving of Gunnersbury Engraving of Gunnersbury Park by Walker after Evans. The Seat of Princess Park by Walker after Evans Amelia. View from the south. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Green Box Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

61 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Other Material Including Archival Unknown 1380 Regrant of Manor of Gunnersbury (Gouyldesbury) by Richard II in 1380 British Library BL Add Ms C Hoare & Co Bank account Bank Account of Henry Furness C Hoare & Co. Hoare & Co. Archive ledge begins: 25/121, ends: 58/27 Unknown Act for the Sale of the Capital Messuage of Gunnersbury Act for the Sale of the Capital Messuage of Gunnersbury no details on landscape Unknown 1754 Bank account Bank Account of Lancelot Brown Drumonds Gunnersbury Park Museum The Royal Bank of Scotland Archive GPM: Box File 1 (Copy) DR/427/33, 127, 408, c/f137 Unknown 1761 Elizabeth Pearce sold Gunnersbury to Princess Amelia, daughter of George II Greater London Record Office GLRO DRO 37/B2/4 & Acc 1281/2 Unknown c.1761 Unknown 1763 Unknown 1765 Act for the Sale of the Capital Messuage of Gunnersbury, Late Estate of Sir John Maynard Knight Deed of 1763, Gunnersbury Report of Estate of H Furness and his sister Elizabeth Pierce, Act of parliament to allow the dissolution of the trust set up by Sir John Maynard for his 4th wife Mary and permit her successors to sell the estate Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM:Box File 1 after her death in The principal reason given for seeking the final Act of Parliament was the cost of repairs to the run down and neglected estate. The Abstract of Title of Executors of Will ref: Deed of 1763, Gunnersbury Gunnersbury Park Museum (transcript), GM: Box File 1 Report of Estate of H Furness and his sister Elizabeth Pierce, includes references to: a Temple, which contained a plaister statue of a dancing faun; orange trees; orange tubs; goldfish; and a swan. Ealing Library Unknown Highway Trustees Bank Highway Trustees Bank London Metropolitan Archives LMA F73 GPM Box File 1 (Ealing Library) Unknown Lady Mary Coke Letters and Journals References in Lady Mary Coke s letters to visits to Gunnersbury. She mentions the new chapel in 1767 but not completed until 1768; a roller, with seats, that Princess Amelia had had made up, to carry her friends who could or would not walk about the gardens; drinking tea in the building by the Water; the Terrace; three kitchen gardens; and to Princess Amelia s farm. Unknown 1768 Highway Trustees Book The Highways Trustees Book for 1767 to 1788 refers to 482 loads of gravel carried by Princess Amelia s team in Greater London Record Office Unknown 1784 Lease to Princess Amelia Lease by William Vatchells and Charles Townsend to Princess Amelia London Metropolitan Archives Unknown 1785 Sale Catalogue for lands at Gunnersbury Unknown 1786 Notes lead theft Sale Catalogue for lands at Gunnersbury which Princess Amelia purchased. Deposition from the gardener concerning lead stolen from the pillars of the gothic temple in the pleasure grounds within the Ealing Library Gunnersbury Park Museum GLRO F73 London Metropolitan ArchivesAcc 26/12 GPM: Box File 1 (Roger White s notes) Unknown 1786 Release and reassignments Release and reassignments of Gunnersbury Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest 627/1 3 Unknown 1787 A note in Lord Pelham s (the executor s) papers, states that the estate was put up to auction on May and was bought in at 16,500 and the sale of furniture stopped. Another note of February 1788 shows that Gunnersbury had still not been sold British Library BL Add Ms ff69 and 77 Appendix A: Bibliography 61

62 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Unknown 1787 Sale Particulars of the Gunnersbury estate following the death of Princes Amelia Sale Particulars of the Gunnersbury estate following the death of Princes Amelia, refers to the Chapel; Forecourts; Gardens; Terrace Walk; Lawns and Pleasure Grounds; Green House; Pinery; Hot House; Ice House; Shrubbery Walk; Paddock surrounded by a very agreeable walk, with pavilions and summer houses properly placed: Dairy, judiciously placed n the Garden; two lodges; and Temple at the East End, fronting the lane leading to Kew. Chiswick Library 7283.GUN MP7851 Sales Particulars 7/5/1787 GPM: Box File 1 (Copy) Unknown Papers relating to Princess Amelia. Includes her Will (ff8 33) and various Particulars, descriptions and valuations of her estate, including Gunnersbury house and park. The Will includes 200 for John Oldfield Princess Amelia s surveyor, who was responsible for all buildings erected during her ownership. Lord Pelham s papers refer to the Circular Water, Ornamental British Library Buildings, Dairy, Shrubberies around the Paddock, Orange Grove, Horse Shoe Pond. Pleasure Ground with shrubs in full perfection, meadowland, and kitchen garden with Pineries. The property was surrounded by a substantial brick wall. BL ADD Ms ff8 33, 48 49, 50 51, 52 53, 54, 69 and 77 Unknown Correspondence relating to Princess Amelia s last illness, her death, and the disposal of her estate. British Library BL Add Ms Unknown 1799 Crawford sold 83 acres of Gunnersbury Park to John Morley, a floor cloth Notes sale to John manufacturer. He demolished the house and divided the estate into 13 lots Gunnersbury Park Museum Morley Indentures of Lease and Release February 1802 GPM: Box File 1 (Notes) Unknown C18th Bank account details of Henry Furnese Hoare & Co. Archives Unknown c.1800 Plan c Plan c.1800 with plots 3 and 4 marked up Ealing Library GPM: Plan Chest 85.98/3 Unknown Late C18th Engraving of Gunnersbury Engraving of Gunnersbury Park (similar to Dayes) Park Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest White, R. (transcribed by) Late C18th Letters of Lady Mary Coke Letter of Lady Mary Coke transcribed by R White Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM:Box File 1 Copland, A. early C19 The original documents is in the private collection of Memoranda relating to Gunnersbury Estate 168 page notebook written by the Copland Griffiths. Alexander Copland titled Chronological Memoranda (entries specifically Papers Relating to Princess relating to Gunnersbury are on pps 70 77) Amelia. Transcription by V Bott & V Foster. Unknown January 1801 Unknown 1801 Unknown 1801 Indenture of lease and release Certificate of Redemption of Land Tax Indenture including a plan of the garden Indenture including a plan of the garden. Shows the Dairy House (Temple) by the Round Pond and the division of land into 13 plots Certificate of Redemption of Land Tax: 55 acres in the occupation John Morley and 29 acres in the occupation of James Steward Indenture including a plan of the garden. Shows the Dairy House (Temple) by the Round Pond and the division of land into 13 plots Unknown Bank account Bank Account (private) of Alexander Copland Drummond s Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest 85.98/1 (Plan) GPM: Box File 1 (transcript) Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 Gunnersbury Park Museum The Royal Bank of Scotland Archive GPM: Plan Chest 85.98/1 (Plan) GPM: Box File 1 (transcript) begins; DR/427/172 ends: DR/427/ Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

63 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Ealing Council Legal Dept 1807 Agreement with sketch Rothschild Archive, New Court 1835 Unknown 1835 Unknown 1835 Unknown 1835 Unknown 1836 Ealing Council Legal Dept 1838 Unknown 1843 Unknown 1845 Papers relating to purchase in 1835 Report improving the approach Transcript death of Copeland Conveyance of Gunnerbury House and freehold land 1835 Regarding the acquisition of the water supply and horseshoe pond; agreement with sketch between the son of the builder of the Small Mansion and Copland at the Large Mansion Sale particulars, inc. plan, catalogue of furniture etc including sculpture, letter confirming acceptance of offer of 17k from Rothschild Report relating to scheme by JC Loudon for improving the approach to Gunnersbury House. Copland died The Abstract of Title of Executors of Will refers to a deed of 1763 for Gunnersbury House, including the Great Court Yard, Orangery, Orchard, Terrace, Lawns and Gardens (15 acres) plus 35 acres of freehold land, laid out as paddock or park. Ealing Council Legal Dept Rothschild Archive, New Court 000/848/34/2 Rothschild Archive, New Court Gunnersbury Park Museum Conveyance of Gunnersbury House and freehold land in the park from members of the Drummond family and Trustees of A Copland (incl. Edward Smirke) to Nathan M Rothschild. Includes a plan which shows the Bishop of Ealing Library London s leasehold lands, Thomas Farmer s lands at Gunnersbury House (no detail) and Gunnersbury Park lands (good detail paths, trees, buildings etc). Nathan s widow, Hannah, and their son, Lionel, took up residence at Gunnersbury again calling in Sydney Smirke to carry out alterations and to build the stables and Gunnersbury Park Museum DP119 (R) (Ealing Legal Dept records) Copies with Val Bott GPM: Box File 1 (Rothschild Scrap.) GPM: Box File 1 (transcript) Chiswick: GUN Sales particulars 30/6/1835 GPM: Plan Chest 85.98/5 (plan) GPM: Box File 1 (transcript) (Ealing Library) Rothschild GPM: FC /9 10, 13 and 18 Later Horseshoe Pond notes Regarding the acquisition of the water supply and horseshoe pond; the sa Ealing Council Legal Dept DP119 (R) (Ealing Legal Dept records) Copies with Val Bott Sale Catalogue of Ealing Sale Catalogue of Ealing This was for Heathfiled Lodge which was Ealing Library PRO MAF 20/2/ purchased with East Lodge by Baron Lionel de Rothschild. (Acton Manor) Sale Particulars for Gunnersbury Lodge Sale Particulars for Gunnersbury Lodge Gunnersbury Park Museum GMP: Plan Chest 85.98/10 (Ealing) Unknown 1867 Will of S Farmer Will of Sarah Farmer 13/5/1867 London Metropolitan Archives LMA Acc 1325/21 R. D R.D. Gunnersbury Park R. D. Gunnersbury Park pp. 145, 147. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 Rothschild Archive, New Court Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Rothschild Archive, New Court C19 Late C19/early C20 Gunnersbury Guard book Correspondence and records of plants in Inbooks & Outbooks Scrap book of articles, plans (inc. 1877/1822 map of Ealing, Kretschmar, 1847), drawings, engravings, elevations (including by Pulham & Smirke), reports (including by Loudon on approach to house). S Rutherford obtained scans September 2014 from Kew. Rothschild Archive, New Court 000/200 early C20 Assorted papers historical souvenir of GP 1920s Rothschild Archive, New Court 000/924/20/7 Unknown 1917 List of properties 1917 List of properties held by the Rothschild s on Leopold s death. Ealing Library GPM: Plan Chest 85.98/16a (Ealing) Unknown 1958 E. Boykin,Victoria, Albert and Mrs Stevenson(1958). Gunnersbury Park Museum GMP plan chest Unknown Lease of Lands by A. Copeland Lease of lands by A. Copland from the Bishop of London outlying portions of the park. The four deeds dated 13 July 1827 have plans. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 1 (notes from deeds at Ealing Library) Appendix A: Bibliography 63

64 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Rothschild Archive, New Court Rothschild Archive, New Court Notebook Gardener's notebook of glasshouse work. Thomas Hobbs, gardener. Rothschild Archive, New Court 000/296 Mid to Late C19 Unknown s Rothschild Archive, New Court Rothschild Archive, New Court Unknown Unknown Rothschild Rothschild correspondence incl. Notes on payments to Smirke. correspondence Lists of plants for Leopold Several lists of plants supplied to Gunnersbury for Leopold Rothschild, incl, Rothschild stonework for vases Balance sheets and accounts Gunnersbury Park Museum Gunnersbury Park Museum Rothschild Archive, New Court 000/924/22/ Correspondence Relating to the sale of Gunnersbury Park by Rothschilds Rothschild Archive, New Court 000/ s 1920s 50s Transcript of conveyance to Ealing and Chiswick Boroughs Papers relating to Gunnersbury as a public park original documents agreements etc Gunnersbury Park put up for sale. Sold to Ealing and Chiswick Boroughs, helped by Middlesex CC, including the houses with 86 acres of parkland and 13 acres for housing. Papers relating to Gunnersbury as a public park original documents agreements etc Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest /35 36 (Rothschild) GPM: Plan Chest (Ealing and Rothschild) GPM: Box File 1 (Transcript of Conveyance) /24 34 Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 7 Unknown 1940s NMR CPS 1084 Probably late, possibly 1940s. National Monument Record CC 73/2498 Unknown Unknown 1960s on nd Original documents relating to Gunnersbury Park and Museum Original documents relating to Gunnersbury Park and Museum Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Box File 8 Correspondence concerning last illness of Princess Amelia, death and dispersal of her estate by Lord Pelham and the Earl of Bessborough. British Library Add MS Unknown nd Princess Amelia s will, inventories and particulars of her estate. British Library Add Ms Unknown nd In the gardens at Gunnersbury (Drawing of a rotunda) from Greenwich Library Chiswick Library ME /278.3 Unknown Unknown nd nd Rothschild and Gunnersbury Park deeds and other papers. Notes of Gunnersbury Park compiled 1940s 50s Rothschild and Gunnersbury Park deeds and other papers. Ealing Town Hall DP 119. Notes of Gunnersbury Park compiled 1940s 50s Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM Box File 1 Unknown nd proposed conservatory Proposed conservatory (FC3). Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM81.17/13 Unknown nd Watercolours Copies of eighteenth century watercolours. Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM Unknown nd Lists of plants for Leopold Several lists of plants supplied to Gunnersbury for Leopold de Rothschild. Rothschild Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM (Ealing and Rothschild) Unknown nd 1927 Notes on Gunnersbury Some Historical Notes on Gunnersbury Park written c.1927 Gunnersbury Park Museum Gunnersbury Park Museum Unknown nd Notes from the Rothschild Gunnersbury Park Museum (Plan Notes from the Rothschild Archives Gunnersbury Park Museum Archives Chest: /102 and 37) Unknown nd Red Box on open shelves at NMR London. Negatives at NMR Swindon. National Monument Record NMR 64 Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

65 APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Author (if relevant) Date Title Description Repository (if known) Archive Ref. (if applicable) Unknown nd William Fuller Pocock employed to build Gothic Ruins. London Metropolitan Archives Unknown nd The Gunnersbury Album Unknown Websites nd September 2013 Catalogue of Orchids Grown at Gunnersbury Park by Baroness de Rothschild (d1884) Listed Building Register entries The Gunnersbury Album, which includes many of the original maps and paintings Catalogue of Orchids Grown at Gunnersbury Park by Baroness de Rothschild (d1884) National Heritage List: heritage list forengland/ August 2013 British History Online British History Online: history.ac.uk/ September 2013 COLLAGE: Gunnersbury Park Museum Reference in AA and Beresford, but not traced at LMA PR240/13. Rothschild Archives, New Court (copies at GPM) Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM: Plan Chest 60.6 August 2013 Maps Promap: August 2013 Biographies Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: December Historic Environment 2013 Record Greater London Historic Environment Record: Guidance Documentation and Planning Policy Ealing Borough Council 2012 The Development Strategy 2026 (also known as the Core Strategy DPD) sets Adopted Development (or out a vision for the future development of the borough and covers a 15 year Available for download from the Core) Strategy plan period up to It covers both new development and the protection Ealing Council website of heritatge and green space. English Heritage 2008 English Heritage English Heritage nd nd Conservation Principles, Policies and Guidance Listed Building Register entries Sites and Monuments Record Conservation Principles' sets out a method for thinking systematically and consistently about the heritage values that can be ascribed to a place. The guidance contained in the document also includes a recommended approach Available for download from the to assessing significance, advice on how to apply the principles and policies in English Heritage website practice and detailed interpretation of policies on repair, on intervention for research, on restoration, on new work and alteration and on enabling development. Entries from Register of Historic Buildings Gunnersbury Park Museum GPM Box File 1 Sites and Monuments Record print out for Gunnersbury* SMR, English Heritage London Borough of Hounslow Council 2003 London Borough of Hounslow Unitary Development Plan The Unitary Development Plan (UDP) is part of the development plan for the borough. The UDP contains a wide range of policies on housing, the environment, transport, leisure, retail and community uses. Along with other development plan documents and council strategies, the UDP aims to improve and create a better borough for those who live, work and visit. Available for download from the London Borough of Hounslow's website Appendix A: Bibliography 65

66 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K V I S U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T 66 Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

67 NOTE. Revision Date Description By/Ch CLIENT AFLS+P ARCHITECTS THE CORNERHOUSE FARRINGDON ROAD LONDON EC1M 3LN STATUS PRELIMINARY PROJECT DRAWING SCALE 1 : 2000 SHEET SIZE A1 DRAWN BY VG T +44 (0) F +44 (0) E answers@s-parchitects.com W CHECKED BY AC DATE 23/01/15 This drawing must not be reproduced in whole or part without written consent. Do not scale this drawing. All dimensions in millimetres. Written dimensions to be checked on site. Electronic issue to be confirmed by paper copy only. c 2013 AFLSP Limited. All Rights Reserved. APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT English Heritage and Historic England have been integral to the team involved in the Boroughs application for Heritage Lottery Funding and most recently with the specific conservation works currently being undertaken so were already very familiar with the park buildings and wider landscape. Consultation with Historic England in respect of these proposals established the need to protect heritage views seen from the main buildings in the park and notably from the south terraces of the Small and Large Mansions which enjoy far reaching views across the park to the south, southwest and west. january morning 1 : 2000 january midday 1 : 2000 january afternoon 1 : 2000 august morning 1 : 2000 august midday 1 : 2000 august afternoon 1 : 2000 The initial objective established by Historic England was to ensure that any new sports hub building and associated outdoor or floodlit facilities be outside of the heritage views. To consider the impact of our proposals we created a number of views within the park to assist us. These initial and rudimentary computer generated images helped us to refine our proposals in terms of height, mass and scale and subsequently in selecting the external facing materials. february morning february midday february afternoon september morning september midday september afternoon 1 : : : : : : 2000 We used these views when consulting with Historic England and the planning and conservation department at Hounslow Council. Of the following park views No. s 1-4 (incl.) represent the views we have previously consulted with English Heritage and Historic England. These views have been developed by inclusion and incorporation of the relvant site photopraphs. march morning march midday march afternoon october morning october midday october afternoon The remaining views (No. s 5-11 incl.) have been prepared to consider the impact of the of the development on views within the playing fields 1 : : : : : : 2000 april morning april midday april afternoon november morning november midday november afternoon 1 : : : : : : 2000 may morning may midday may afternoon december morning december midday december afternoon 1 : : : : : : 2000 EALING COUNCIL june morning 1 : 2000 june midday 1 : 2000 june afternoon 1 : 2000 LONDON MANCHESTER BIRMINGHAM GLASGOW GUNNERSBURY PARK SUN STUDY july morning july midday july afternoon 1 : : : 2000 PROJECT NO. DRAWING NO. REVISION 3399 (03)010 Sun path study illustrates the building has minimal impact on the bowls green during the playing season A F L S + P A R C H I T E C T S / E A L I N G B O R O U G H C O U N C I L & H O U N S L O W B O R O U G H C O U N C I L / G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K / V I S U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T Appendix B: Views Impact Assessment 67

68 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT Proposed view with pavilion (view 1) Existing view looking north with playing fields and children s playground Proposed view with pavilion and full building outline added A F L S + P A R C H I T E C T S / E A L I N G B O R O U G H C O U N C I L & H O U N S L O W B O R O U G H C O U N C I L / G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K / V IS U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T 68 Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

69 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT Proposed view with pavilion (view 2) Existing view looking west from Orangery looking across golf course Proposed view with pavilion and full building outline added A F L S + P A R C H I T E C T S / E A L I N G B O R O U G H C O U N C I L & H O U N S L O W B O R O U G H C O U N C I L / G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K / V I S U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T Appendix B: Views Impact Assessment 69

70 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT Proposed view with pavilion (view 3) Existing view looking southwest from cafe looking towards boating lake Proposed view with pavilion and full building outline added A F L S + P A R C H I T E C T S / E A L I N G B O R O U G H C O U N C I L & H O U N S L O W B O R O U G H C O U N C I L / G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K / V IS U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T 70 Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

71 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT Proposed view with pavilion (view 4) Existing view looking south along footpath with car park and depot site Proposed view with pavilion and full building outline added A F L S + P A R C H I T E C T S / E A L I N G B O R O U G H C O U N C I L & H O U N S L O W B O R O U G H C O U N C I L / G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K / V I S U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T Appendix B: Views Impact Assessment 71

72 1 (08)003 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT tennis courts car park bowls green pavilion Eye level view looking south east towards the car park abd bowls green with the pavilion and cricket pitch in the distance (view 5) A m2 A F L S + P A R C H I T E C T S / E A L I N G B O R O U G H C O U N C I L & H O U N S L O W B O R O U G H C O U N C I L / G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K / V IS U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T 72 Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

73 1 (08)003 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT car park pavilion AGP pitches Aerial view over the tennis courts in the foreground looking south towards the pavilion and AGP s in the dstance (view 6) A m2 A F L S + P A R C H I T E C T S / E A L I N G B O R O U G H C O U N C I L & H O U N S L O W B O R O U G H C O U N C I L / G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K / V I S U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T Appendix B: Views Impact Assessment 73

74 1 (08)003 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT AGP pitches pavilion proposed car park Eye level view looking north from the children s playground towards the pavilion with the proposed AGP to the west and car park with bin and cycle store to the east (view 7) A m2 A F L S + P A R C H I T E C T S / E A L I N G B O R O U G H C O U N C I L & H O U N S L O W B O R O U G H C O U N C I L / G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K / V IS U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T 74 Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

75 1 (08)003 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT tennis courts pavilion AGP pitches Eye level view looking east towards the pavilion tennis courts and AGP s from the playing fields boundary with the rear of residential properties along Lionel Road North (view 8) A m2 A F L S + P A R C H I T E C T S / E A L I N G B O R O U G H C O U N C I L & H O U N S L O W B O R O U G H C O U N C I L / G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K / V I S U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T Appendix B: Views Impact Assessment 75

76 1 (08)003 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT tennis courts pavilion AGP pitches Eye level view of the pavilion, tennis courts and AGP s from the playing fields looking southeast (view 9) A m2 A F L S + P A R C H I T E C T S / E A L I N G B O R O U G H C O U N C I L & H O U N S L O W B O R O U G H C O U N C I L / G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K / V IS U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T 76 Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

77 1 (08)003 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT tennis courts pavilion proposed car park Eye level view looking northeast across the playing fields towards the pavilion and children s playground (view 10) m2 A F L S + P A R C H I T E C T S / E A L I N G B O R O U G H C O U N C I L & H O U N S L O W B O R O U G H C O U N C I L / G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K / V I S U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T Appendix B: Views Impact Assessment 77

78 1 (08)003 APPENDIX B: VIEWS IMPACT ASSESSMENT tennis courts bowls green pavilion Eye level view looking east towards the pavilion from the playing fields with the tennis courts, car park and bowls green to the north and children s playground to the south (view 11) AREA m2 A F L S + P A R C H I T E C T S / E A L I N G B O R O U G H C O U N C I L & H O U N S L O W B O R O U G H C O U N C I L / G U N N E R S B U R Y P A R K / V IS U A L I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T 78 Proposed Café and Carriage Display, Gunnersbury Park, Heritage Impact Assessment, January 2015

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80 LEISURE CENTRE, GUNNERSBURY PARK, HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT, OCTOBER 2015