Interchanges of Insects between Agricultural and Surrounding Landscapes

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1 Interchanges of Insects between Agricultural and Surrounding Landscapes

2 Interchanges of Insects between Agricultural and Surrounding Landscapes Edited by B. Ekbom Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden M.E. Irwin University of Illinois, Urbana, JL, U.S.A. and Y. Robert JNRA Lab Zoologie, Le Rheu Cedex, France SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.

3 A C. J.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Primed on acid-free paper Cover illustration: Many pollinating wild bees, as for example members of the family Me~achilidae, regularly change habitat between their nest site jn hollow trees and open areas where they may pollinate agricultural plants. The cover photo shows a male Amhidium manicatum. Photo: Mats W. Pettersson. All Rights Reserved 2000 Springer Scicnce+Busincss Media Dordrccht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2000 Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition 2000 No pa11 of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.

4 CONTENTS Contributors vii Preface ix CHAPTER I Interchanges of Insects between Agricultural and Surrounding Landscapes Barbara Ekbom CHAPTER 2 Relating Insect Movements to Farming Systems in Dynamic Landscapes 5 Franr;oise Burel, J. Baudry, Y. Delettre, S. Petit, and N. Morvan CHAPTER 3 The Use of Invertebrates in Evaluating Rural Sustainability 33 Maurizio G. Paoletti and Carlos Martin Cantarino CHAPTER 4 Effects of Habitat Fragmentation on Plant-Insect Communities 53 Andreas Kruess and Teja Tscharntke CHAPTER 5 The Impact of Uncultivated Corridors on Arthropod Populations Within Simulated Agrolandscapes 71 Gary W. Barrett CHAPTER 6 Interchanges of a Common Pest Guild Between Orchards and the Surrounding Ecosystems: A Multivariate Analysis of Landscape Influence 85 Philippe Jeanneret

5 vi CHAPTER 7 Landscape Connectivity: Linking Fine-Scale Movements and Large-Scale Patterns of Distributions of Damselflies 109 Phil D. Taylor CHAPTER 8 Effect of Habitat Heterogenity on Diversity and Density of Pollinating Insects 123 l aze/ Banaszak CHAPTER 9 Diversity and Movement Patterns of Leaf Beetles (Coleoptera.: Chrysomelidae) and Leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) in a Heterogeneous Tropical Landscape: Implications for Redressing the Integrated Pest Management Paradigm 141 Michael E. Irwin, wwell R. Nault, Carolina Godoy, and Gail E. Kampmeier CHAPTER 10 Landscape Management and Resident Generalist Predators in Annual Crop Systems 169 Riccardo Bommarco and Barbara Ekbom CHAPTER II Parasitoid Community Structure: Implications for Biological Control in Agricultural Landscapes 183 Paul C. Marino and Doug wndis CHAPTER 12 The Impact of Field Boundary Habitats on the Diversity and Abundance of Natural Enemies in Cereals 195 CHAPTER J3 Peter Dennis, G.L.A. Fry, and A. Andersen Natural Vegetation in Agroecosystems: Pattern and Scale of Heterogeneity 215 John E. Banks Index 231

6 CONTRIBUTORS A. Atulersen, Norwegian Crop Research Institute, Fellesbygget, 1432-As, Norway. Jozef Banaszak, Department of Environmental Protection, The Pedagogical University Bydgoszcz, Chodkiewicza 51, Poland. John Banks, Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington, Tacoma, 1900 Commerce Street, Tacoma Washington 98402, USA. washington.edu Gary W Barrett, Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, , USA. gbarrett@sparrow.ecology.uga.edu J. Baudry, lnstitut National de Ia Recherche Agronomique,SAD Arrnorique, 65 rue de Saint Brieuc, Rennes Cedex, France Riccardo Bommarco, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Entomology, Box 7044, Uppsala, Sweden wallace.teorekol.lu.se Fram;oise Burel, Centre National de Ia Recherche Scientifique, URA 1853, Universite de Rennes I, Laboratoire d'evoultion des Systemes Naturels et Modifies, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes Cedex, France Francoise.Burel@univ-rennesl.fr Carlos Manin Cantarino, Dept. Ecologia, Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, Alicante, Spain. Y. Delettre, Centre National de Ia Recherche Scientifique, URA 1853, Universite de Rennes I, Laboratoire d'evoultion des Systemes Naturels et Modifes, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes Cedex, France. Peter Dennis, The Macaulay Land Use Research Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB9 2QJ, UK mi360@mluri.sari.ac.uk Barbara Ekbom, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Entomology, Box 7044, Uppsala, Sweden, Barbara.Ekbom@entom.slu.se G.L.A. Fry, Norwegian Institute for Nature and Cultural Research, P.O. Box 736, N-0105, Oslo, Norway Carolina Godoy, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Apartado Postal , Heredia, Costa Rica, cgodoy@rutela.inbio.ac.cr

7 viii Michael Irwin, Office of Agricultural Entomology, University of Illinois, 134 En vir. Ag. Sci., MC-637, 1101 W. Peabody Drive, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA. Philippe Jeanneret, Eidgenossische Forschungsanstalt fiir Agrarokologie und Landbau Postfach, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Ziirich, Switzerland. Gail E. Kampmeier, Center of Economic Entomology, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1101 W. Peabody, Urbana Illinois 61801, USA, Andreas Kruess, FG Agrarokologie, Universitat Waldweg 26, D Gottingen, Germany. Doug Landis, Department of Entomology and Center for Integrated Plant Systems, Michigan State University, E. Lansing, Michigan, , USA. PC. Marino, Department of Biology, University of Charleston, 66 George St. Charleston, South Carolina, USA; N. Morvan, Centre National de Ia Recherche Scientifique, URA 1853, Universite de Rennes l, Laboratoire d'evoultion des Systemes Naturels et Modifies, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes Cedex, France. Lawell R. Nault, Department of Entomology, OARDC, the Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA, Maurizio G. Paoletti, Department of Biology, Padova University, Via Trieste 75, Padova, Italy. S. Petit, Centre National de Ia Recherche Scientifique, URA 1853, Universite de Rennes I, Laboratoire d'evoultion des Systemes Naturels et Modifies, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes Cedex, France. Yvon Robert, INRA Lab Zoologie BP 29, Le Rheu, France. Phil Taylor, Atlantic Cooperative Wildlife Ecology Research Network (ACWERN), Dept. of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS. BOP IXO, Canada. Teja Tscharntke, FG Agrarokologie, Universitiit Waldweg 26, D Gottingen, Germany.

8 PREFACE The chapters in this book were developed from some of the lectures presented at a symposium at the XX International Congress of Entomology held in Florence, Italy in August The purpose of the symposium was to discuss the impact of evolving modern agricultural landscapes on the insect species, of both economic and ecological importance, that utilize that habitat. Agricultural policy, to some extent, influences the choices that farmers make and thereby the shape of the agricultural landscape. In order to move toward more sustainable agroecosystems future policy makers will have to consider the history of land use, consumer demands for both environmentally sound and affordable products, and the conservation of biological diversity. I would hope the information contained in this book will help stimulate discussion about the consequences of policy decisions on our agricultural landscapes and their insect inhabitants. I thank all the speakers from the symposium and in particular those that have been able to contribute chapters to this book. There have been many delays, most due to circumstances beyond anyone's control. I would like to express my appreciation to Gloria Verhey and Patrick Dumont for taking care of the book in these final months.

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