Product Data. Features/Benefits. 16JT Double-Effect Hermetic. Absorption Liquid Chillers Provide. With Product Integrated Controls (PIC)

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1 Product Data 16JT Double-Effect Hermetic Absorption Liquid Chiller With Product Integrated Controls (PIC) Nominal 100 to 1700 Tons (352 to 5980 kw) Carrier s 16JT Double-Effect Hermetic Absorption Liquid Chillers Provide a Viable Alternative to Traditional Electric Driven Chillers. By Using High-Pressure Steam, 16JT Chillers Avoid High Cost Electricity and Qualify for Utility Rebates and Incentives as a Gas Cooling Product. No CFCs; environmentally responsible two-stage high efficiency design reduces energy costs quiet, vibration-free operation few moving parts mean high reliability direct digital controls (DDC) for optimum chiller performance 16JT (SIZE ) 16JT (SIZE , 080L-150L) Features/Benefits High-pressure steam-fired absorption reduces energy costs, providing efficient, economical water chilling and/or process cooling. Cost-effective cooling Alternative-energy chiller The 16JT offers an alternative for building owners who want to avoid the high operating cost associated with electricdriven chillers. Fired by high pressure steam, the Carrier 16JT doubleeffect absorption chiller not only reduces or eliminates electric demand and/or ratchet charges, but also allows the owner to take advantage of gas cooling rebates and incentive programs offered by many utility companies. Double-effect absorption cycle increases efficiency The doubleeffect cycle uses both a high- and low-stage generator, providing 2 stages of solution concentration which reduce energy consumption accordingly. Copyright 1996 Carrier Corporation Form 16JT-2PD

2 The 16JT chiller offers typical fullload steam rates of less than 10 lb/ hr-ton at standard ARI (Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute) operating conditions. Superior part-load performance The standard concentration control system found on the 16JT allows stable part-load operation at reduced cooling water temperatures as low as 59 F (15 C) without the need for a cooling tower bypass. In addition, an internal control valve assures stable, continuous evaporator pump operation at part-load conditions. Continuous operating range for the 16JT is from 100% to 10% capacity. Condensate drain heat exchanger saves energy Every 16JT incorporates a condensate drain heat exchanger that reduces steam consumption, resulting in further energy savings. Valuable energy (in the form of heat) in the condensate leaving the generator is transferred to the weak lithium bromide solution as it is pumped to the generator. This reduces the amount of energy required to operate the chiller at both full and part-load conditions. An additional condensate drain heat exchanger can also be factory-installed to further reduce steam consumption and optimize energy use. Application versatility Designed to suit a variety of applications From comfort cooling to providing chilled water for process applications, the 16JT doubleeffect absorption chiller offers versatility for almost any job where high pressure steam is available as the heat source. With the largest number of model sizes, the most extensive capacity range commercially available, and its compact design, the Carrier 16JT is sure to be the right choice for either new construction or retrofit applications. Ideal for new or retrofit applications Whether intended to replace existing chiller systems or for new construction, the 16JT is well suited to meet almost any cooling need. Thirty-one model sizes, spanning a capacity range of 100 to 1700 tons, make the 16JT double-effect absorption chiller the ideal choice for comfort cooling and/or light industrial applications. Carrier s computerized performance ratings assist in selecting the right machine, properly sized to meet exact job requirements. Dependable operation and low sound and vibration levels ensure occupant comfort, even when installed on upper floors. Combines absorption and electricdriven chillers Using both absorption and electric chillers in a central plant offers the flexibility to base load one chiller while using the other to handle peak load requirements. Hybrid chiller systems are a proven economical solution for many comfort cooling installations. In many geographical areas, it may be advantageous to operate the electric chiller as the base loaded machine and use the absorption chiller during peak load conditions to avoid or reduce electric demand charges. Depending on utility rate structures, a 16JT double-effect absorption chiller used in conjunction with an electric chiller may be the most viable choice to consider. Table of contents Features/Benefits Model Number Nomenclature...2 Options and Accessories...8 Machine Components...9 Physical Data Dimensions...14,15 Performance Data Application Data Electrical Data...25 Controls Typical Piping and Wiring...29 Guide Specifications Model number nomenclature Absorption Chiller 16 JT 810 Unit Size Double-Effect (2-Stage) 2

3 Features/Benefits (cont) Microprocessor control features/benefits Direct Digital Product Integrated Control (PIC) Carrier s PIC provides unmatched flexibility and functionality. Each unit integrates directly with Carrier s Comfort Network (CCN), providing a system solution to controls applications. PICs are pre-programmed to meet precise control requirements. PID (Proportional/Integral/Derivative) control algorithms PID algorithms provide tight chilled water control to optimize chiller operation. Local Interface Device (LID) The LID, which can be configured to display in English or Metric units, provides unparalleled ease of operation. A 16-line by 40-character backlit, liquid crystal display (LCD) features 4 menu-specific softkeys. A default display offers a one-glance review of key chiller operation data, simplifying the interaction between machine and user. Chilled water reset Reset can be accomplished manually or automatically from the building management system. Chilled water reset saves energy when warmer chilled water can be used. Steam demand limit During start-up, the steam demand limit provides boiler protection (low feedwater, steam starvation) by limiting control valve travel during the initial warm-up period. Ramp loading Ramp loading ensures a smooth pulldown of water loop temperature and prevents a rapid increase in steam consumption. Advanced crystallization protection Protects against crystallization by automatically sensing impending abnormalities in the absorption operating cycle and taking a series of actions to either self-correct and/or limit the chiller from approaching the cycle crystallization line. Absorption cycle state points Absorption cycle state points provide the operator with precise and dynamic cycle operating conditions at any time during chiller operation. They save time by eliminating the cumbersome task of taking solution samples and calculating state points and assist in both chiller operation and diagnostics. Refrigerant low temperature override The capacity control valve position is inhibited to prevent freeze-up and ensure continuous chiller operation. Extensive service menu Unauthorized access to the service menu can be password-protected. Built-in, enhanced, diagnostic capabilities assist in troubleshooting and recommend proper corrective action for pre-set alarms, resulting in more up time. Alarm history The last 25 alarms and/or alerts are retained in memory with date and time stamps. Alarm histories reduce troubleshooting time and cost. Additional controls features/benefits Encapsulated circuit boards Designed and built by Carrier, encapsulated circuit boards offer superior reliability compared to open board designs. PROM (programmable read-only memory) based modules PROM modules provide protection during power failures and eliminate time-consuming reconfiguration. They require no battery back-up. Modular pull-out/plug-in design This feature reduces field wiring requirements and simplifies installation. Low voltage (24 v) design Low voltage provides ultimate assurance of personal safety and control integrity. Location and installation savings Ease of installation All 16JT double-effect chillers are completely fabricated, assembled, and wired in the factory as single piece units. Standard shipping configuration is either 1- or 2-piece, depending on size. Refer to the Standard Shipping Configuration table below. SIZE 1-PIECE 2-PIECE X X X 080L-150L X Model sizes and are shipped completely assembled as standard with an option for 2-piece shipment, making the chiller ideal for retrofit or replacement installations where access into the equipment room may be limited. Larger model sizes are shipped in 2 pieces as standard for easier handling and rigging. TYPICAL 16T 2-PIECE SHIPMENT (RIGGING OF ABSORBER/EVAPORATOR SECTION) Re-assembly and alignment of the two sections at the jobsite is simplified, because the unit is pre-erected in the factory and incorporates weld-type assembly flanges on all interconnecting piping. Flanged waterbox nozzles All waterbox nozzles on the evaporator, absorber, condenser, and generator are supplied with ANSI (American National Standards Institute) RF (raised face) flanges, simplifying chiller installation and field piping. 3

4 Features/Benefits (cont) Condensate drain heat exchanger is factory installed This energy-saving feature, consisting of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a float/trap assembly, is completely factory mounted and piped. There is no need for an additional trap in the condensate piping, thus reducing jobsite piping costs. Single point electrical connection Installation costs are further reduced by eliminating field wiring between chiller components. All unit-mounted electrical items are factorywired to the chiller PIC panel and require only a single-point electrical connection to the chiller from the building s electrical service. Multi-tap transformers mounted in the chiller PIC panel provide secondary single-phase power for the 16JT controls. Low noise and vibration allow location flexibility Low sound and vibration levels are characteristic of absorption chillers, primarily because the refrigerant and solution pumps are the only rotating parts. The overall sound level of a 16JT chiller is typically 75 dba, allowing the machine to be installed near occupied spaces or in areas with strict sound requirements. Low vibration levels also make it possible to install 16JT chillers on upper floors without the need for special vibration dampening systems. Low maintenance Standard features allow simple maintenance procedures Every 16JT chiller is provided with standard design features that allow convenient and simple maintenance to be carried out quickly. Hinged waterbox covers on the evaporator, absorber, and condenser facilitate tube and waterbox inspection from either end. In addition to hinged waterboxes, various models come standard with marine waterboxes for easy access. All moving parts are easily accessible for inspection or replacement, as required. The U-bend tube design in the generator greatly reduces the likelihood of expensive and time-consuming tube bundle replacement and allows maintenance-free operation. Unlike ordinary tubes, the U-bend configuration allows the entire tube bundle to expand or contract as a unit when subjected to rapid temperature changes. The tube bundle floats and adjusts freely as a unit, decreasing tube wear caused by thermal stresses and reducing tube bundle failures. Factory-trained service organization Carrier s extensive service organization offers trained and experienced service technicians in every major city. In addition to routine maintenance and repair services, Carrier also offers a wide array of preventative maintenance, full maintenance, and/or extended service contracts that can be customtailored to any level of service. Leakproof hermetic pumps cut maintenance costs Carrier s proven solution and refrigerant pump/motors are leakproof, completely self-contained, and hermetically sealed. Hermetic design eliminates the need for a separate, complicated, and possibly leakprone seal water system and auxiliary water piping, while providing leak tightness and longer machine life. There are no packing glands or seals to maintain air cannot leak in; fluids cannot leak out. Specially designed bearings absorb both radial and axial thrusts to assure correct fit at all times. Lubrication and cooling is done by the fluid being pumped, so there is no possibility of external contamination. In addition, both the rotor and stator are separated by a stainless steel liner to protect the windings from the fluid being pumped. For an added measure of safety, thermal overload switches are embedded in the stator to protect against high winding temperature. The pumps are field serviceable, and inspection is recommended after 50,000 to 60,000 hours of normal operation. Pump isolation valves are purposely not included in order to minimize additional potential leak paths into the machine and because of the exceptionally high reliability of the pump/ motor assemblies. 1 Graphite Conical Bearing (Rear) 2 Terminal Box 3 Stainless Steel Stator Can 4 Stainless Steel Rotor Liner 5 Rotor 6 Graphite Conical Bearing (Front) LEGEND 7 Circulation Passages 8 Graphite Wearing Ring (Motor End) 9 Discharge Pipe 10 Cast Iron Impeller 11 Graphite Wearing Ring (Pump End) 12 Steel Pump Casing CUTAWAY VIEW OF HERMETIC PUMP/MOTOR 4

5 Reliable operation 16JT PIC control system features automatic monitoring and precise control of chiller operation Each Carrier 16JT double-effect chiller includes a pre-programmed, factory-mounted and factory-wired PIC panel which is functionally tested prior to shipment. Chiller monitoring and control is automatic and continuous, and the LID on the front panel displays chiller operational status and fault indications in English or metric units. PIC panel components include a Local Interface Device (LID), processor module (Comfort- Works controller), slave processor module (PSIO), three 8-input modules, a fused disconnect switch, pump contactors, ambient-compensated 3-phase pump overloads, multitap control power transformers, terminal blocks, relays, and all other necessary safeties and controls for proper chiller operation. Superior corrosion protection With any absorption chiller, the potential of internal corrosion is always present because the lithium bromide solution is in contact with internal chiller surfaces. The Carrier 16JT absorption chiller incorporates a highly effective corrosion inhibitor to provide an extra margin of protection. Other types of inhibitors may require the use of exotic tube materials in certain heat exchangers due to their less effective inhibiting characteristics and may require frequent maintenance and analysis. With the 16JT chiller, the use of standard copper tubes throughout the chiller, except for the high-stage generator (90/10 CuNi), is not precluded because the superior corrosion protection of the inhibitor results in long chiller life and dependable operation. Rugged chiller construction Every Carrier 16JT chiller is built with numerous standard features designed to provide reliable, trouble-free operation. The chiller is fabricated to meet stringent manufacturing and design requirements. Non-clogging, corrosion-proof spray nozzles ensure against both corrosion and possible blockage for continuous reliable operation. U-bend tubes of cupro-nickel in the high-stage generator allow the tube bundle to expand and adjust freely when subjected to rapid temperature changes. Allowing for this thermal growth and expansion reduces tube wear and helps to prevent premature tube failure. These standard features and more mean that every 16JT chiller is built to withstand the most rigorous duty, whether for comfort cooling or light process applications. Automatic motorless purge extends chiller life, ensures optimum efficiency and performance The purge system on an absorption chiller plays a critical role in assuring long machine life and efficient operation. All absorption chillers operate in a vacuum and generate hydrogen (and other noncondensable gases) in small quantities whether vacuum tight or properly inhibited. These gases are present in sufficient volume to interfere with proper machine operation, making it imperative to remove them to protect against internal corrosion, lithium bromide solution crystallization, and/or reduced chiller capacity. The Carrier motorless purge system protects against these potential hazards by functioning continuously during machine operation without the need for a vacuum pump. How the motorless purge operates During chiller operation, any noncondensables that are present tend to accumulate in the absorber section which operates at the lowest internal pressure. A slip-stream of lithium bromide solution from the discharge of the solution pump flows through an eductor (A), creating suction that draws the noncondensables from the absorber, entraining them with the solution flowing through the eductor. The number of eductors varies with unit size to ensure complete purging. The eductor discharges the solution and noncondensables into a storage chamber (B), where some of the noncondensables are separated from the solution. The solution and remaining noncondensables flow to a separation chamber (C) where the remaining noncondensables are separated and flow back to the storage chamber, while the solution returns to the absorber sump through the generator overflow pipe. As noncondensables accumulate in the external storage chamber, they are isolated from the chiller and cannot reenter the machine, even during shutdown. These gases must be exhausted periodically (normally, once or twice a week) from the storage chamber by a simple procedure that can be performed while the machine is running. Evacuation is accomplished by manually positioning valves to pressurize the storage chamber with lithium bromide solution and exhausting it to the atmosphere. MOTORLESS PURGE TYPICAL PURGE OPERATION SCHEMATIC 5

6 Features/Benefits (cont) Anti-crystallization controls maintain proper solution concentration To provide dependable, troublefree operation, the 16JT double-effect chiller automatically limits solution concentration in several ways to avoid both crystallization and overdilution. Crystallization of the lithium bromide solution depends on the combination of temperature and concentration. Carrier s concentration control system automatically monitors the refrigerant water level in the evaporator in conjunction with the temperature of the solution returning to the absorber. Because concentration varies with the amount of water in the lithium bromide solution, a rising evaporator level indicates less water in the solution and, therefore, a higher concentration. When the refrigerant in the evaporator rises to a preset level, the Cycle-Guard valve transfers water from the evaporator to the absorber, thus preventing overconcentration and ensuring continuous, reliable operation even at cooling water temperatures as low as 59 F (15 C). A float switch also senses the minimum refrigerant level in the evaporator and cycles the refrigerant pump as needed to prevent overdilution and protect the pump from cavitation damage. The 16JT also incorporates a simple, passive method of control to correct any crystallization that would normally start to occur on the shell side of the low temperature solution heat exchanger under abnormal conditions. As the hot solution begins to back up in the generator as a result of any shell-side blockage, it rises above the overflow pipe and returns directly to the absorber. It is subsequently pumped through the tube side (heating the shell side) to restore proper operation. In addition to this passive method of control, the 16JT PIC advanced crystallization protection senses any impending abnormalities in the operating cycle and self-corrects and/or limits the chiller from any possibility of crystallization, adding another layer of protection and reducing chiller down time. In addition, an automatic dilution cycle ensures proper concentration after a planned shutdown to prevent crystallization when the chiller cools to ambient or machine-room temperature. The dilution cycle controls the pumps for a set period of time after shutdown to dilute the solution and prevent overconcentration. Crystallization is also minimized by the gravity drain feature of the high-stage generator on the 16JT chiller. Top-mounting the generator above the absorber allows gravity to drain the strong solution out of the generator if a power outage occurs. CYCLE-GUARD SYSTEM OPERATION SCHEMATIC 6

7 16JT double-effect absorption cooling cycle The 16JT double-effect steam absorption chiller consists of an evaporator, absorber, condenser, high- and low-stage generators, solution heat exchangers, steam condensate drain heat exchanger, refrigerant/solution pumps, purge, controls, and auxiliaries. Water is the refrigerant in vessels maintained under low absolute pressure (vacuum). The chiller operates on the principle that, under vacuum, water boils at a low temperature, in this case approximately 40 F (4.4 C), thereby cooling the chilled water circulating through the tubes of the evaporator. A refrigerant pump circulates the refrigerant water over the evaporator tubes to improve heat transfer. To make the cooling process continuous, the refrigerant vapor must be removed as it is produced. For this, a lithium bromide solution (which has a high affinity for water) absorbs the water vapor. As this process continues, the lithium bromide becomes diluted, which reduces its absorption capacity. A solution pump then transfers this weak (diluted) solution to the high- and low-stage generators where it is reconcentrated in two stages by the introduction of steam to boil off the previously absorbed water. A level control device (LCD) automatically maintains optimum solution flow to the generators at all operating conditions for maximum efficiency. Approximately half the diluted solution is pumped to the high-stage generator where it is heated and reconcentrated by high-pressure steam. The other half of the weak solution flows to the low-stage generator where is heated and reconcentrated by the high temperature water vapor released from the solution in the high-stage generator. Since the low-stage generator acts as the condenser for the highstage generator, the heat energy first applied in the highstage is used again in the low-stage, reducing the heat input by approximately 45% compared to an absorption chiller with a single-stage of reconcentration. The water vapor released in the shell side of the low-stage generator, in addition to the now condensed water vapor from the tube side of the low-stage generator, enters the condenser to be cooled and returned to a liquid state. From here, the refrigerant water returns to the evaporator to begin a new cycle. To remove heat from the chiller, relatively cool water from a cooling tower or other source is first circulated through the tubes of the absorber to remove the heat of vaporization. This same water is then circulated through the tubes of the condenser. The strong (reconcentrated) solution from the high- and low-stage generator flows back to the absorber to also begin a new cycle. For improved efficiency, the strong solution from the high-stage generator is passed through one of 2 solution heat exchangers to pre-heat the weak solution while pre-cooling the strong solution. This strong solution is now combined with the strong solution from the low-stage generator and is passed through the other solution heat exchanger for the same purpose before being returned to the absorber. Operating efficiency is further improved by using a condensate drain heat exchanger to transfer additional heat from the steam condensate that is leaving the chiller to the weak solution. LEGEND LCD Level Control Device TC Temperature Controller (Capacity Control) 16JT ABSORPTION CYCLE 7

8 14Options and accessories ITEM OPTION* ACCESSORY 150/250/300 psig (1034/1724/2068 kpa) Marine Waterboxes X 250/300 psig (1724/2068 kpa) NIH Waterboxes X Double Drain Heat Exchanger X Special Tubing X Absorber-Condenser Crossover Piping ( , 080, 080L, 090, 090L) X X Unit-Mounted Vacuum Pump: 10.6 cfm (0.005 m 3 /s) X One or 2-Piece Shipping Configuration X Waterbox and Tube Sheet Epoxy Paint X Pneumatic or Electric Steam Valve X Isolation Package X Thermometer Set X Chilled/Condenser Water Flow Switches X LEGEND NIH Nozzle-in-Head *Factory installed. Field installed. 8

9 Machine components 16JT SIZES JT SIZES , 080L-150L High-Stage Generator 2 Low-Stage Generator (Hidden on sizes , 080L-150L) 3 Condenser LEGEND 4 Purge Storage Chamber 5 PIC Control Panel 6 Solution Heat Exchanger 7 Absorber 8 Evaporator 9

10 Physical data ENGLISH UNIT 16JT NOMINAL COOLING CAPACITY (ton) RIGGING WEIGHT* (lb) Absorber/Evaporator 8,595 8,815 9,035 11,460 11,680 11,680 Generator/Condenser 3,085 3,085 3,085 4,630 4,630 4,850 Total 11,680 11,900 12,120 16,090 16,310 16,530 OPERATING WEIGHT (lb) 15,210 15,430 15,650 21,610 21,830 22,050 LITHIUM BROMIDE SOLUTION CHARGE (gal) REFRIGERANT (WATER) CHARGE (gal) Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Absorber Condenser STEAM Pipe Connection Size (in.) Steam Inlet Condensate Drain Outlet (NPT) FLANGED RUPTURE DISK (in.) UNIT 16JT NOMINAL COOLING CAPACITY (ton) RIGGING WEIGHT* (lb) Absorber/Evaporator 11,900 12,120 13,885 14,325 16,090 16,530 Generator/Condenser 5,070 5,290 6,390 6,610 7,275 7,495 Total 16,970 17,410 20,275 20,935 23,365 24,025 OPERATING WEIGHT (lb) 22,710 23,370 27,120 28,000 31,970 32,850 LITHIUM BROMIDE SOLUTION CHARGE (gal) REFRIGERANT (WATER) CHARGE (gal) Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Absorber Condenser STEAM Pipe Connection Size (in.) Steam Inlet Condensate Drain Outlet (NPT) FLANGED RUPTURE DISK (in.) UNIT 16JT NOMINAL COOLING CAPACITY (ton) RIGGING WEIGHT* (lb) Absorber/Evaporator 18,295 22,040 22,480 23,005 26,010 Generator/Condenser 8,155 9,700 9,920 11,460 12,125 Total 26,450 31,740 32,400 35,265 38,135 OPERATING WEIGHT (lb) 36,360 44,100 45,200 48,510 50,710 LITHIUM BROMIDE SOLUTION CHARGE (gal) REFRIGERANT (WATER) CHARGE (gal) Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Absorber Condenser STEAM Pipe Connection Size (in.) Steam Inlet Condensate Drain Outlet (NPT) FLANGED RUPTURE DISK (in.) *Standard shipping configuration for sizes is 1-piece; 2-piece shipment is optional. 10

11 ENGLISH (cont) UNIT 16JT NOMINAL COOLING CAPACITY (ton) RIGGING WEIGHT* (lb) Absorber/Evaporator 29,755 34,160 37,470 41,875 47,385 51,795 55,100 Generator/Condenser 14,325 15,430 16,970 17,630 18,735 19,835 22,040 Total 44,080 49,590 54,440 59,505 66,120 71,630 77,140 OPERATING WEIGHT (lb) 61,740 70,560 79,380 85,950 94, , ,660 LITHIUM BROMIDE SOLUTION CHARGE (gal) REFRIGERANT (WATER) CHARGE (gal) Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Absorber Condenser STEAM Pipe Connection Size (in.) Steam Inlet Condensate Drain Outlet FLANGED RUPTURE DISK (in.) UNIT 16JT 080L 090L 100L 110L 120L 135L 150L NOMINAL COOLING CAPACITY (ton) RIGGING WEIGHT* (lb) Absorber/Evaporator 35,265 40,335 42,980 45,845 50,690 59,510 62,845 Generator/Condenser 15,430 16,530 17,630 19,175 20,715 24,245 24,245 Total 50,695 56,865 60,610 65,020 71,405 83,755 87,090 OPERATING WEIGHT (lb) 70,560 79,380 85,950 94, , , ,090 LITHIUM BROMIDE SOLUTION CHARGE (gal) REFRIGERANT (WATER) CHARGE (gal) Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Absorber Condenser STEAM Pipe Connection Size (in.) Steam Inlet Condensate Drain Outlet FLANGED RUPTURE DISK (in.) *Standard shipping configuration for sizes is 1-piece; 2-piece shipment is optional. Standard shipping configuration for sizes and 080L-150L is 2-piece. 11

12 Physical data (cont) SI UNIT 16JT NOMINAL COOLING CAPACITY (kw) RIGGING WEIGHT* (kg) Absorber/Evaporator Generator/Condenser Total OPERATING WEIGHT (kg) LITHIUM BROMIDE SOLUTION CHARGE (kg) REFRIGERANT (WATER) CHARGE (kg) Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Absorber Condenser STEAM Pipe Connection Size (in.) Steam Inlet Condensate Drain Outlet (NPT) FLANGED RUPTURE DISK (in.) UNIT 16JT NOMINAL COOLING CAPACITY (kw) RIGGING WEIGHT* (kg) Absorber/Evaporator Generator/Condenser Total OPERATING WEIGHT (kg) LITHIUM BROMIDE SOLUTION CHARGE (kg) REFRIGERANT (WATER) CHARGE (kg) Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Absorber Condenser STEAM Pipe Connection Size (in.) Steam Inlet Condensate Drain Outlet (NPT) FLANGED RUPTURE DISK (in.) UNIT 16JT NOMINAL COOLING CAPACITY (kw) RIGGING WEIGHT* (kg) Absorber/Evaporator Generator/Condenser Total OPERATING WEIGHT (kg) LITHIUM BROMIDE SOLUTION CHARGE (kg) REFRIGERANT (WATER) CHARGE (kg) Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Absorber Condenser STEAM Pipe Connection Size (in.) Steam Inlet Condensate Drain Outlet (NPT) FLANGED RUPTURE DISK (in.) *Standard shipping configuration for sizes is 1-piece; 2-piece shipment is optional. 12

13 SI (cont) UNIT 16JT NOMINAL COOLING CAPACITY (kw) RIGGING WEIGHT* (kg) Absorber/Evaporator Generator/Condenser Total OPERATING WEIGHT (kg) LITHIUM BROMIDE SOLUTION CHARGE (kg) REFRIGERANT (WATER) CHARGE (kg) Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Absorber Condenser STEAM Pipe Connection Size (in.) Steam Inlet Condensate Drain Outlet FLANGED RUPTURE DISK (in.) UNIT 16JT 080L 090L 100L 110L 120L 135L 150L NOMINAL COOLING CAPACITY (kw) RIGGING WEIGHT* (kg) Absorber/Evaporator Generator/Condenser Total OPERATING WEIGHT (kg) LITHIUM BROMIDE SOLUTION CHARGE (kg) REFRIGERANT (WATER) CHARGE (kg) Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Pipe Connection Size (in.) No. of Passes Absorber Condenser STEAM Pipe Connection Size (in.) Steam Inlet Condensate Drain Outlet FLANGED RUPTURE DISK (in.) *Standard shipping configuration for sizes is 1-piece; 2-piece shipment is optional. Standard shipping configuration for sizes and 080L-150L is 2-piece. 13

14 Dimensions 16JT SIZES DIMENSIONS (ft-in.) UNIT 16JT Overall Length A Overall Width B Overall Height C Height D* UNIT 16JT Overall Length A Overall Width B Overall Height C Height D* DIMENSIONS (mm) UNIT 16JT Overall Length A Overall Width B Overall Height C Height D* UNIT 16JT Overall Length A Overall Width B Overall Height C Height D* *Standard shipping configuration for sizes is 1-piece. Dimension D is height of absorber/evaporator section for 2-piece shipment. Removal of purge storage tank may reduce height further. NOTES: 1. All dimensions are approximate and do not take into account absorber-condenser crossover piping if not factory installed as standard. 2. For routine maintenance, allow 3 ft (1 m) clearance on all sides and 6 in. (150 mm) above chiller. 3. For service access, allow clearances as follows: a. For tube removal, allow space to equal A dimension (length) at either end of the chiller. b. For opening waterbox cover, allow space equal to half of B dimension (width) at end of chiller opposite nozzle. 14

15 16JT SIZES , 080L-150L DIMENSIONS (ft-in.) UNIT 16JT Overall Length A Overall Width B Overall Height C Height D* UNIT 16JT 080L 090L 100L 110L 120L 135L 150L Overall Length A Overall Width B Overall Height C Height D* DIMENSIONS (mm) UNIT 16JT Overall Length A Overall Width B Overall Height C Height D* UNIT 16JT 080L 090L 100L 110L 120L 135L 150L Overall Length A Overall Width B Overall Height C Height D* *Standard shipping configuration for sizes is 1-piece, sizes and 080L-150L are 2-piece. Dimension D is height of absorber/ evaporator section for 2-piece shipment. Removal of purge storage tank may reduce height further. NOTES: 1. All dimensions are approximate and do not take into account absorber-condenser crossover piping if not factory installed as standard. 2. For routine maintenance, allow 3 ft (1 m) clearance on all sides and 6 in. (150 mm) above chiller. 3. For service access, allow clearances as follows: a. For tube removal, allow space to equal A dimension (length) at either end of the chiller. b. For opening waterbox cover, allow space equal to half of B dimension (width) at end of chiller opposite nozzle. 15

16 Performance data ENGLISH SIZE UNIT 16JT COOLING CAPACITY (ton) Flow Rate (gpm) Pressure Drop (ft) Flow Rate (gpm) Pressure Drop (ft) STEAM (lb/hr-ton) (lb/hr) UNIT 16JT COOLING CAPACITY (ton) Flow Rate (gpm) Pressure Drop (ft) Flow Rate (gpm) Pressure Drop (ft) STEAM (lb/hr-ton) (lb/hr) UNIT 16JT COOLING CAPACITY (ton) Flow Rate (gpm) Pressure Drop (ft) Flow Rate (gpm) Pressure Drop (ft) STEAM (lb/hr-ton) (lb/hr) SIZE UNIT 16JT COOLING CAPACITY (ton) Flow Rate (gpm) Pressure Drop (ft) Flow Rate (gpm) Pressure Drop (ft) STEAM (lb/hr-ton) (lb/hr) ,432 11,486 12,245 13,742 15,809 SIZE 080L-150L UNIT 16JT 080L 090L 100L 110L 120L 135L 150L COOLING CAPACITY (ton) Flow Rate (gpm) Pressure Drop (ft) Flow Rate (gpm) Pressure Drop (ft) STEAM (lb/hr-ton) (lb/hr) ,338 11,299 12,274 14,237 16,219 NOTE: Ratings are based on ARI (Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute) 560, latest edition, 54/44 F (2.4 gpm/ton) chilled water; 85 F cooling water (4.0 gpm/ton); fouling factor Ft 2 Hr F/Btu. 16

17 SI SIZE UNIT 16JT COOLING CAPACITY (kw) Flow Rate (L/s) Pressure Drop (kpa) Flow Rate (L/s) Pressure Drop (kpa) STEAM (kg/hr-kw) (kg/hr) UNIT 16JT COOLING CAPACITY (kw) Flow Rate (L/s) Pressure Drop (kpa) Flow Rate (L/s) Pressure Drop (kpa) STEAM (kg/hr-kw) (kg/hr) UNIT 16JT COOLING CAPACITY (kw) Flow Rate (L/s) Pressure Drop (kpa) Flow Rate (L/s) Pressure Drop (kpa) STEAM (kg/hr-kw) (kg/hr) SIZE UNIT 16JT COOLING CAPACITY (kw) Flow Rate (L/s) Pressure Drop (kpa) Flow Rate (L/s) Pressure Drop (kpa) STEAM (kg/hr-kw) (kg/hr) SIZE 080L-150L UNIT 16JT 080L 090L 100L 110L 120L 135L 150L COOLING CAPACITY (kw) Flow Rate (L/s) Pressure Drop (kpa) Flow Rate (L/s) Pressure Drop (kpa) STEAM (kg/hr-kw) (kg/hr) NOTE: Ratings are based on ARI (Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute) 560, latest edition, 12.2/6.7 C (.15 L/s-kW) chilled water; 29.4 C (.25 L/s-kW) cooling water; fouling factor m 2 C/W. 17

18 Performance data (cont) Part-load performance To determine part-load performance, refer to the 16JT Part- Load Performance curve shown below. This curve depicts Steam Consumption Ratio (SCR) versus % Capacity at several cooling water temperatures and in accordance with the ARI load line which is based on a 2.5 F reduction in cooling water temperature for every 10% reduction in load. Steam requirements at part-load can be calculated with one of the following equations: Steam Flow (lb/hr) = Full Load Steam (lb/hr) x SCR x Capacity or Steam Flow (lb/hr) = Full Load Steam (lb/hr/ton) x SCR x Part-Load Capacity (tons) ARI 560, latest edition, defines Integrated Part Load Value (IPLV) as a measure of part-load efficiency representing the weighted average of overall chiller performance calculated by the following equation: IPLV =.17A +.39B +.33C +.11D where A = COP at 100% B = COP at 75% C = COP at 50% D = COP at 25% or minimum load NOTE: COP = Coefficient of Performance The 16JT Capacity versus Steam Pressure, Drain Pressure, and Drain Temperature curve shows the effect of reduced inlet steam pressure on refrigeration capacity. Also note the condensate drain pressure and the corresponding condensate drain temperature. 16JT PART-LOAD PERFORMANCE 16JT CAPACITY vs STEAM PRESSURE, DRAIN PRESSURE, AND DRAIN TEMPERATURE 18

19 Application data Vent and drain connections Vent and drain connections are found on the waterbox covers. Connection size is 3 4 in. FPT. Provide high points of the chiller piping system with vents and low points with drains. If shutoff valves are provided in the main water pipes near the unit, a minimum amount of system water is lost when the heat exchangers are drained. It is recommended that pressure gauges be provided at points of entering and leaving water to measure pressure drop through the heat exchanger. Gages may be installed as shown in the table below. Pressure gages installed at the vent and drain connections do not include nozzle pressure losses. NUMBER OF PASSES GAGE LOCATION 1,3 One gage in each waterbox 2,4 Two gages in waterbox with nozzles Use a reliable manometer to measure pressure differential when determining water flow. Regular gages are insensitive and do not provide accurate measurement of flow conditions. Range of application The 16JT double-effect absorption chiller is designed for standard water chilling applications of 100 to 1700 (352 to 5980 kw) at standard ARI rating conditions. ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) stamping The steam side of the high-stage generator is designed, constructed, and stamped in accordance with ASME Section VIII, Division 1 requirements. In addition, the float trap and steam condensate drain heat exchanger also carry the ASME code symbol stamp when required. Rupture disc The 16JT is equipped with a rupture disc on the condenser shell. It is recommended that piping from the rupture disc be routed to appropriate areas away from the chiller in accordance with Carrier s written installation instructions, the current version of ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers) 15 (Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration), and any local jurisdictional requirements that may apply. Piping should be adequately supported, and the proper fittings should be provided to allow periodic inspection of the disc. Refer to Carrier certified drawings for the exact location of the rupture disc on the chiller. MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS ITEM MATERIAL SPECIFICATION SHELL: Evaporator Steel ASTM A283 Absorber Steel ASTM A283 Condenser Steel ASTM A283 High-Stage Generator Steel ASTM A283 Low-Stage Generator Steel ASTM A283 TUBESHEET: Evaporator Steel ASTM A283 Absorber Steel ASTM A283 Condenser Steel ASTM A283 High-Stage Generator Steel ASME SA516 Low-Stage Generator Steel ASTM A283 WATERBOX: Evaporator Steel ASTM A283 Absorber Steel ASTM A283 Condenser Steel ASTM A283 High-Stage Generator Steel ASME SA516 Low-Stage Generator Steel ASTM A283 TUBES: Evaporator Copper ASME SB359 Absorber Copper ASME SB75 Condenser Copper ASME SB75 High-Stage Generator CuNi ASME SB111 ALLOY 706 Low-Stage Generator Copper ASME SB75 PIPING: Steel ASTM A53 LEGEND ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing & Materials Thermal insulation Application of cold/hot surface thermal insulation should be done after final installation at jobsite and chiller seal integrity has been verified. Refer to Carrier certified drawings for material specifications. Service access For routine maintenance, allow 3 ft (1 m) clearance on all sides of unit and 6 in. (150 mm) above the chiller. Tube removal requires space equal to the overall length of the unit at either end (for most heat exchangers). UNIT SIZE All RUPTURE DISC CONNECTION SIZE 3 in. 150 psig RF (raised face) flange 19

20 Application data (cont) THERMAL INSULATION SURFACE AREA REQUIREMENTS ENGLISH (ft 2 ) UNIT 16JT 810,812, ,818, , , , , COLD SURFACE HOT SURFACE UNIT 16JT COLD SURFACE HOT SURFACE UNIT 16JT 080L 090L 100L 110L 120L 135L 150L COLD SURFACE HOT SURFACE THERMAL INSULATION SURFACE AREA REQUIREMENTS SI (M 2 ) UNIT 16JT 810,812, ,818, , , , , COLD SURFACE HOT SURFACE UNIT 16JT COLD SURFACE HOT SURFACE UNIT 16JT 080L 090L 100L 110L 120L 135L 150L COLD SURFACE HOT SURFACE STANDARD WATERBOX AND CROSSOVER PIPE CONFIGURATION 16JT UNIT EVAPORATOR ABSORBER CONDENSER Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet CROSSOVER PIPE N N N N N N Factory-Installed N N N M M N Factory-Installed N N N N N N Not Included 080, L,090L N N M M M M Not Included 100 N N M M M M Factory-Installed L-150L N N M M M M Factory-Supplied LEGEND N Nozzle-In-Head Waterbox M Marine Waterbox HEAT EXCHANGER STANDARD PASS AND NOZZLE ARRANGEMENTS EVAPORATOR ABSORBER CONDENSER 16JT UNIT Pass Inlet Pass Inlet Pass Inlet GENERATOR INLET L or R 4 L 2 L L L or R 3 L 1 R L L or R 2 L 1 L L L or R 2 L 1 L L 080L-150L 2 L or R 2 L 1 L L LEGEND L Left End Inlet R Right End Inlet 20

21 EVAPORATOR MINIMUM/MAXIMUM FLOW RATES* ENGLISH (gpm) EVAPORATOR 16JT UNIT 1-Pass 2-Pass 3-Pass 4-Pass Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max , , , , , , , , , , L , , L , , L , , L , , L , , L , , L , *Flow rates based on standard tubes. Minimum flow based on tube velocity of 3 ft/sec (.9 m/sec); maximum flow based on 12 ft/sec (3.6 m/sec). 21

22 Application data (cont) EVAPORATOR MINIMUM/MAXIMUM FLOW RATES* (cont) SI (L/s) EVAPORATOR 16JT UNIT 1-Pass 2-Pass 3-Pass 4-Pass Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max L L L L L L L *Flow rates based on standard tubes. Minimum flow based on tube velocity of 3 ft/sec (.9 m/sec); maximum flow based on 12 ft/sec (3.6 m/sec). 22