Renovation Best Practices for Quality Lighting Renovation Projects

Transcription

1 Renovation Best Practices for Quality Lighting Renovation Projects Lighting affects the env Energy efficient luminai require less electricity re power plant emissions. The world s most energy lighting technologies ca found within Holophane The World s Most Energy Efficient Lighting Technology Engineered for a Clean Tomorrow HL /08 2 HOLOPHANE Re

2 Renovation Lighting Guide Lighting affects the environment. Energy efficient luminaires that require less electricity reduce power plant emissions. The world s most energy efficient lighting technologies can be found within Holophane products. 2 HOLOPHANE Renovation Lighting Guide

3 The World s Most Energy Efficient Lighting Technology Engineered for a Clean Tomorrow HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 3

4 Introduction While the rise of technology has allowed U.S. businesses to market their products and services across the globe, the expansion of global commerce has allowed developing countries to quickly enter and penetrate the global market place. U.S. businesses are realizing that they are now competing with governments and businesses around the world that often have lower labor rates, cheaper raw materials and lower energy costs. To remain competitive in the market place, U.S. companies are feeling the pressure to lower their overall operating costs. With rising energy costs and a volatile energy future, businesses are finding that they can better meet their financial goals by controlling their total operating costs through energy conservation measures which can immediately and substantially impact their bottom line performance. In most businesses, energy required to operate lighting equipment is a primary constituent of their overall energy bill, therefore some type of new, energy-efficient, lighting equipment is often a solid investment to improve your company s bottom line. Renovating the lighting system in your industrial or retail space can result in substantial energy savings - even using conservative numbers, paybacks can be realized in as little as ½ to 3 years. To provide additional incentives for energy conservation, federal programs such as EPAct, as well as utility rebates, further enhance the financial package that most CEO s and CFO s review prior to final approval of a project.

5 Energy Savings and Quality go Hand in Hand Example While the importance of incorporating Green and Sustainable operations into every day business has increased in the United States over the last several years, Holophane Lighting has promoted this concept for more than 100 years. Since 1898, Holophane has manufactured products using borosilicate glass that virtually never wear out. Our history and experience conclusively show that using glass reduces land fill volume and the need to mine additional natural resources and eliminates the need to use energy to produce a new item, thereby reducing greenhouse emissions. Holophane s permanence is Green. Holophane has over 100 years of experience in providing unique and innovative solutions for the lighting industry that provide our customers with the lowest total cost of ownership. Holophane provides both a Quality lighting solution and an Energy-Saving solution to ensure that your company improves its bottom line through increased productivity and lower operating costs. Unfortunately, many companies are only concerned with selling you a bill of goods guised as an energy saving product with no regard to the quality of the lighting solution, or life cycle costing. ABC manufacturing is looking to improve its bottom line by cutting operating costs through an energy savings program. It determines that one of the quickest ways to realize a payback on their investment would be to undertake a lighting renovation project. After a quick visit with an energy savings guru, a new lighting system was installed for $38,000 cutting their lighting bill in half to approximately $20,000/year yielding a payback in less than 2 years a seemingly sound investment......a few months after installation, the plant manager noticed a small decrease in productivity. After a thorough review of the facility, the plant manager soon realized that some areas of the facility were not as bright as they used to be and other areas were far worse than previously illuminated. An overall productivity loss of 1% was incurred when the company chose to install their new energy-saving lighting system. While seemingly small at only 7.2 minutes per day (less than 1 minute per hour), the plant manager conducted a quick impact analysis and ascertained the following: ABC manufacturing employs 100 employees who each work 40 hours/week to make 8,000 widgets per month. If each widget sells for an average of $500 then that company will make $48,000,000 in revenue annually. The 1% loss in productivity equates to a revenue loss of $480,000/year. In short, every dollar of energy saved from their new energysaving lighting system winds up costing the company $13 in lost revenue. After bringing this to the attention of senior staff, the company then decided to bring in a lighting expert from Holophane. The local Holophane sales representative, who had been extensively trained in all facets of lighting design, quickly determined that the initial design did not take into account the effect that heat and airborne grease from their daily manufacturing operations would have on their overall light output. A Quality lighting solution that realized the same 50% energy savings was installed and ABC manufacturing now realizes a 1.5% improvement in productivity over their old lighting system. Instead of losing 480,000/yr in revenue, the company now realizes a $720,000/yr revenue gain + the $20,000 of energy savings every year! Almost any lighting solution can save you energy, but a Quality lighting solution can help improve your company s bottom line through increased sales or productivity and energy savings. In industrial facilities, a new lighting system may create a more productive work environment. Due to the high cost of operations coming from salaries and benefits, a 1 percent increase in productivity can completely pay for even the most expensive lighting systems. In retail environments, an updated lighting system can be easily justified through the increased revenue from additional customers attracted to the newly refreshed store. Delaying your lighting renovation project can actually cost your company revenue. Source: Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, Lighting Handbook, 8th edition, Figure 3-42 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 5

6 Lighting Renovation Guide Best Practices Process By following a Best Practices workflow process around your lighting renovation project, you can be assured of a lighting system that delivers Quality and Energy-Savings solutions. Holophane uses the following standard workflow to guide you through the Lighting Renovation process: Lighting Renovation Best Practices PROCESS INVESTIGATION ANALYSIS EVALUATION FUNDING IMPLEMENTATION Lighting Guide Visual Software SALE Software Turnkey Services Turnkey Services RESOURCES IESNA Application Guide Product Brochures Lighting Guide - To perform financial analysis Holophane National Account Manager HOLOPHANE SALES REP OUTPUT Knowledge Confidence Performance Comparisons - Lighting - Energy Implementation Plan Total Cost of Ownership - Installation costs - Operating costs - Maintenance costs ROI Payback Approval Standardization Project Management Quality Lighting Energy Savings Lowest Total Cost of Ownership Green PR opportunity This brochure will help guide and educate you through the entire lighting renovations best practices process. Your local Holophane factory sales representative will guide you, step by step, through the various decision making phases necessary for a successful renovation project. 6 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

7 Table of Contents Best Practices Process As with any significant financial investment, before proceeding with your lighting renovation project, evaluate your potential partner visit past installations, check references and financial stability and test recommendations against proposals. Holophane has the resources, expertise and flexibility to meet your lighting needs. Ask these key questions of your potential partner: How long has your potential partner been in business? Is the company s sales representative knowledgeable about all facets of lighting and the appropriate environmental and lighting considerations for your application? Is your potential partner biased toward one type of technology? Do they offer both HID and fluorescent solutions? Does your potential partner provide a full range of products and services? Is your potential partner interested in providing a quality lighting solution yielding the lowest total cost of ownership or only in obtaining an order based on offering the lowest initial price? Holophane offers not only a broad range of standard products, but also custom luminaires and poles for indoor and outdoor applications as well as turnkey installation services through our Turnkey Services. Using Holophane luminaires for your lighting renovation project will yield the lowest total cost of ownership and the greatest return on your investment while conserving our environment and consuming less energy. Lighting Renovation Methods Retrofit Replacement Relight Environmental Considerations Space Analysis Flexibility and Controls Safety Requirements Installation & Maintenance Energy Regulatory Compliance Cost Considerations Temperature Factors Illumination Considerations Illumination Levels Light Loss Factors Uniformity Contrast Spacing Criteria Distribution Shadows Color Rendering Glare Lighting Economics Products Indoor Outdoor Emergency Controls Services National Accounts Turnkey Services Summary HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 7

8 Lighting Renovation Guide Lighting Renovation Methods When considering updating a facility s lighting system, there are basically three methods to consider, each with varying degrees of cost, complexity and potential energy savings: Retrofitting: When this method is used, lighting components are examined for efficiency and then replaced with components that improve the efficiency of the installation. Lamps and ballasts are usually replaced while reflectors, lenses or louvers may be cleaned or replaced depending upon condition and budgetary and time constraints. Sometimes simple changes in the control system, such as adding motion sensors, are a possibility. Replacement: This method involves replacing existing luminaires having older technology with a completely new luminaire having updated energy efficient technology on a one-for-one basis. Luminaires using HID probe start lamps or fluorescent T12 lamps are replaced with luminaires using HID pulse start lamps or T8/T5HO fluorescent lamps and luminaires using magnetic ballasts may be replaced with luminaires having electronic ballasts. Additionally, the appearance of the luminaire may change drastically due to new shapes, reflector materials and/or body styles. 8 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

9 Hybrids of the previously mentioned methodologies are an alternative, but choosing between these three methods is critical because the results are considerably different. Relighting: This method requires a more in-depth analysis not only of the lighting components but also of many other issues affecting the performance of the lighting systems such as circuit sizing, appearance, interior design, traffic control, visibility, psychological responses, regulatory compliance, user expectations, flexibility requirements, day-lighting contribution and control systems. Old luminaires and wiring/conduit are removed; new lighting systems are installed, typically with new control systems and in different locations than the existing system to maximize energy savings. HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 9

10 Lighting Renovation Guide A Retrofitting project can usually be performed with minimal disruption. But other than a subtle freshening of the space, a lighting retrofit seldom changes the character of the space. The result is often seen as converting an inefficient and dated lighting system to an efficient and dated lighting system. Retrofitting is relatively easy to calculate cost and payback, and it is easy to manage. Retrofitting also tends to cost less than Replacing or Relighting, but Retrofitting is typically not viewed as a capital improvement and therefore treated more like a mechanical repair. For buildings that have a modest mission or don t have to compete in the marketplace, like government buildings, a retrofit may be an alternative. A one-for-one Replacement project can often be performed with minimal disruption to operations, but the space often looks substantially different due to the change in luminaire appearance and performance. A Replacement project normally costs more than a Retrofit project, but is often less complex and time consuming to perform. Replacement projects are typically considered a capital improvement and therefore often qualify for utility rebates and other financial incentives. While the cost of moving or adding circuits is usually eliminated, the final result is typically better than a Retrofit, but is often not the optimal solution in regards to performance and energy savings. 10 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

11 While Retrofitting was popular in the 90 s when energy costs were relatively low, rebates and tax incentives coupled with today s higher energy costs make one-for-one Replacement and Relighting projects the preferred methodologies. There s a myriad of opportunities to cut money out of a project that is viewed as too costly. Using lower grade luminaires, compromising on required light levels, hiring unlicensed labor, using cheaper materials and overlooking long term gains are all ways to recoup initial costs. However, there is nothing more costly to your business than a project that causes disruption to your operations. Holophane Solutions yield the lowest total cost of ownership and minimize this disruption over the life of the system. More importantly, your company can realize incremental gains in revenue through increased productivity or new customers by relighting your facility! A Relighting project often requires major work that can be disruptive to business and building operations, but the result is typically greater energy savings through a more efficient lighting system when compared to Retrofitting or Replacement methods. Additionally, the new lighting system is often perceived as contemporary and thus more appealing. Relighting requires more time and initial costs and is usually considered a capital improvement. Although more costly, it may prove to provide the lowest total cost of ownership in the long run. Incentive programs like EPAct and/or rebates from the local utility are excellent ways to defray the higher initial costs. Relighting is a thorough approach that considers factors that affect the quality of light as well as initial and operating costs. Because Relighting is not a clear-cut process of simple engineering, considerations and results may vary, but the final decision almost always hinges upon an economic analysis. Lighting Renovation Methods HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 11

12 Lighting Renovation Guide Environmental Considerations The lighting designer must take into account a variety of environmental factors including user needs and preferences, safety regulations, maintenance requirements and energy consumption. To help you navigate through the multiple lighting possibilities, these factors are discussed in greater detail below. Matching existing light levels, when relighting a facility, is a common mistake. Most retail and industrial facilities use lighting technology that depreciates over time, therefore the designed illumination level should be focused on what light level is required at some predetermined point in the future. If your goal is to merely equal current light levels with a new lighting system, you may be missing opportunities to capture incremental savings or improve productivity. Analysis of the Space An important aspect of lighting design is a detailed analysis of the environment. Functional elements that impact lighting design and affect the overall light delivered to the task include ceiling height, room surface finishes, work plane height, windows, skylights or other fenestrations, equipment size and shape, the geometry of the space, flexibility requirements, removal of hazardous wastes and existing wiring conditions. Environmental conditions, including dust and dirt, presence of chemicals, airborne grease, moisture, insects, temperature extremes, vibration and incidental abuse have a significant effect on the selection of the proper luminaire. Food processing areas, for example, sometimes require special options for lighting fixtures, whereas retail lighting is often dependent upon the type of product or service being sold, the size and location of the store, function performed within specific areas of the store, colors and textures of products, method of display (racks, gondolas or counters) and the overall merchandising strategy. Exterior spaces also require evaluation. Proper lighting can invite and direct potential customers to enter the store, enhance the architectural features of a building at night and provide safety and security. General exterior considerations include the type and color of exterior building materials, type and location of plants used in the landscape, and the placement of exterior lighting so it does not interfere with driveways or produce glare. The design considerations must also balance with the company s brand image. 12 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

13 Industrial environments often involve grease, oil, relatively high temperatures, smoke, dust, or steam which can decrease a luminaire s efficiency. Using the latest in optical, electronic, and thermal management technologies, Holophane s luminaires are designed specifically for a variety of environments to create safe, and sanitary environments while providing effective and energy efficient solutions for our customers over the long haul. Retail environments require luminaires that are not only energy efficient but also aesthetically pleasing. Attracting and guiding customers through the store while aiding the customer in merchandise evaluation through proper color rendering, glare control and vertical surface illumination are primary concerns. Furthermore, lighting systems for retail applications must be flexible and easily controlled through various means such as dimming or dual circuits. Outdoor environments require luminaires that meet certain aesthetic requirements while offering exceptional performance. Both optical performance to optimize pole spacings and maximize safety and security and luminaire performance to insure low maintenance costs and down time. HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 13

14 Lighting Renovation Guide Flexibility and Control Requirements Changes in the work space often require general renovations. If the location of product displays, assembly lines or storage racks change, the lighting must be re-evaluated. In retail stores and certain industrial applications, where task locations change relatively frequently, the use of flexible wiring systems may offer significant advantages. While initial luminaire installation time will be slightly reduced, time and cost savings when relocating luminaires in the future becomes significant when utilizing our Holoflex modular wiring system. In some instances, activities within the same space may change throughout the day. Manufacturing activities may be conducted during one shift, maintenance of equipment performed during another shift, and security may be necessary during the non-productive periods. Each activity may require different illumination levels, therefore manual or automatic controls such as bi-level switching, on/off switching and/or dimming controls may be beneficial. In multi-location facilities, building automation systems are available to seamlessly integrate all aspects of lighting control including low-voltage switching, dimming, occupancy sensing and Daylight Harvesting systems to maximize corporate energy savings. Holophane offers scalable and flexible control systems from occupancy sensors for the simplest of applications to customized functionality in distributed controls for large complexes that may be spread across the globe. Safety Requirements Light levels must be sufficient to minimize on-the-job injuries which occur more frequently in industrial settings. Lighting must also ensure a safe environment during an emergency. In the event of a fire or power outage, emergency lighting and exit signs must enable occupants to identify a clear path of egress, even through smoke. Holophane offers Emergency and Exit lighting even for hazardous locations. 14 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

15 Energy Requirements In light of sweeping energy conservation measures, the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) requires all states to meet minimum energy requirements as specified in the ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1 code. Standard 90.1 establishes watts-per-square-foot criteria for various types of applications. Lighting is one of the leading energy constituents and can have a substantial impact on overall operating costs. Design criteria should evaluate the local energy rate, all appropriate light loss factors, lighting usage requirements throughout the day, and the availability of energy saving technologies. In most cases, using Holophane luminaires will result in a significant energy reduction through either fewer luminaires or lower wattage while maintaining the designed illumination level. See HL-2242, Holophane s EPAct brochure for more information on the Energy Policy Act of Maintenance Requirements Maintenance requirements can be an important consideration when choosing a lighting system. A lighting system that requires minimal maintenance costs allows the maintenance team to concentrate their efforts on tasks such as keeping machines and people productive; tasks that directly effect revenue generation. In many industrial or big box retail applications, luminaires are mounted at high elevations, directly over machinery, tall racks or in locations where special equipment is required to access the luminaire. While some fluorescent lamps may have longer life than traditional HID lamps, most fluorescent high bay lighting systems will require 2 to 4 times as many lamps and ballasts per fixture as an HID lighting system to maintain equivalent light output. Furthermore, HID ballasts often have a rated life that is 2 to 3 times the life of a fluorescent ballast. Selecting luminaires with multiple types of lamps and ballasts may cause issues with the maintenance department who now has to inventory more components. However, in some cases this may be best to achieve your overall lighting objectives and greatest energy savings. Holophane offers a variety of fluorescent and HID luminaires that incorporate maintenance savings features into its products. Environmental Considerations HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 15

16 Lighting Renovation Guide Regulatory Compliance Along with energy requirements, other factors to be considered are the requirements from the Americans with Disabilities Act which provides guidelines and specifications for barrier-free environments. Other regulatory agencies include but are not limited to NFPA, NEC, UL, OSHA, USDA, NSF, NEMA, ANSI/IESNA, and the IEC each with their own specific rules and regulations that vary by application type. Your local Holophane sales representative can help you determine which regulations are appropriate for your particular application. Cost Considerations The total cost of ownership of a lighting system can be broken down into three categories: 1) Installation costs - luminaire, wiring/conduit, and labor 2) Maintenance - ballast replacement, lamp replacement, cleaning, and labor 3) Operating - energy consumption Of these three categories, operating costs (energy consumption) consists of about 80% of the total cost over the life of a lighting system. Incremental costs in purchasing energy-saving components are paid back quickly with the operating savings. Premium design and materials selection may increase initial capital costs, but offer significant advantages such as increased light levels, superior color rendition and consistency, better uniformity, less glare, less maintenance, and lower operating costs. It is also important to consider the financial benefits that result from high quality lighting: improved productivity, new customer acquisition, lower rejection rates, customer retention, better quality control, and increased customer satisfaction. 16 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

17 Thermal Factor Unlike HID lamps, fluorescent light sources are sensitive to temperature extremes. Optimum light output for most fluorescent lamps occurs when the air temperature surrounding the lamp is 25 C (35 C for T5 and T5HO lamps). Any temperature above or below optimum reduces light output. In general, the higher the luminaire mounting height is, the hotter the operating temperature which is especially true in unconditioned spaces. These two thermal factors are often disregarded in lighting design calculations and can prove to have a significant difference between designed light levels and actual light levels. Temperature also has a tremendous effect on the life expectancy of a ballast and its related components. Therefore, it is important not to exceed the maximum ambient rating of the fixture. Operating a fixture in environments that are cooler than its rated ambient temperature will greatly increase ballast life. It is generally accepted that for every 10 C below the fixture s rated ambient temperature the fixture is operated, the life of the ballast and capacitor doubles. Holophane manufactures several luminaires incorporating thermal management of the lamp and/or the ballast into their design. Your local Holophane sales representative can help you determine the proper thermal factor and the appropriate luminaire for your application in your design analysis. Environmental Considerations HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 17

18 Lighting Renovation Guide Illumination Considerations When choosing a new lighting system, it is critical that certain considerations are made. Failure to make these considerations may determine whether your lighting renovation is a long term success or not. How much maintained light is needed, why do I need to account for light loss factors, what is uniformity and many other careful considerations such as these will insure a successful project. Illuminance Levels Illuminance is defined as the amount of light (called lumens) reaching a surface and is measured in footcandles or lumens per square foot. The metric equivalent is measured in lux or lumens per square meter. The appropriate illuminance for a space depends upon how the space is being used in addition to the age of the workers (older eyes require more light), the speed and accuracy requirements of the task, the task contrast, and whether errors affect health and safety. Recommended lighting levels are usually derived from the IESNA Lighting Handbook, however some regulatory agencies, worker s unions or OSHA may require more stringent illumination levels. For example the USDA strictly regulates the lighting requirements within the Food Processing industry. Many factors have an impact on proper light levels, including age, speed, accuracy, contrast, glare, flicker, distribution and others. The influence of these factors may raise or lower the desired light levels. For detailed information regarding these and other related issues, consult your local Holophane factory sales representative. Holophane s sales consultants are lighting experts - they go through extensive and continual training so they can inform our customers of the latest technologies and the best solution for their lighting requirements. 18 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

19 Light Loss Factors When performing lighting calculations, many factors can cause the actual illuminance to vary from the calculated illuminance, It is important to determine what your maintained light levels should be initially and plan accordingly to reach that goal. For example, incorrect surface reflectance s, not accounting for large machinery or other obstacles that block or reflect light and/or incomplete or inaccurate light loss factors (LLF) can all affect your maintained or actual light levels. Light Loss Factors are used to adjust lighting calculations from a controlled laboratory environment to actual field conditions and/or from an initial installation condition to a maintained predetermined time frame condition. Total LLF takes into account that lighting fixtures will get dirty over time, that lumen output of certain lamp types are temperature dependent, that lamps will age causing the lumen output to decrease over time and that ballast operation plays a factor in lumen output. At a minimum, the following Light Loss Factors must be taken into account: Luminaire Dirt Depreciation (LDD) simply put, the accumulation of dirt on luminaires results in a loss of light output. The amount of dirt depreciation or light loss, is dependent upon the luminaire construction, luminaire materials and surrounding atmospheric conditions. Lamp Lumen Depreciation (LLD) most lamps yield continuously lower lumen output over their operating lives. LLD is calculated by dividing mean lumens by initial lumens. The amount of lumen depreciation is dependent upon the lamp type, lamp wattage, number of starts and burn hours. These lamp lumen depreciation values are readily available from your lamp manufacturer and must be taken into account when completing any lighting design. Thermal Factor (TF) discussed on page 17 of this brochure. Holophane has always utilized glass reflectors instead of acrylic or aluminum reflectors. Unlike acrylic or aluminum, glass is an inert material that resists taking on the electrostatic charges that attract dirt and dust particles. With the heat generated by the lamp, a constant flow of hot air creates a venturi effect that minimizes dirt buildup. This simple design concept insures that LDD is minimized regardless of the atmosphere it is in. Unlike other materials, glass can be cleaned and brought back to 100% efficiency throughout the life of the optic allowing it to transcend time. Ballast Factor (BF) ballasts are used to convert line voltage to lamp voltage and to regulate the current for lamp start up and for lamp running. Holophane designs and manufactures it s own HID ballasts for a ballast factor of 1.0. This means that each lamp is operated at full wattage. A ballast factor of anything less than 1.0 means that the lamp will not receive the intended wattage and will, therefore, not generate the lumens intended thus reducing light output. It is critical to know the ballast factor of the fixture being used in your design so that you can accurately calculate the number of fixtures needed to meet your footcandle requirements. Don t be tricked into believing that the light levels that you see in a new installation will be the light levels over the long haul. Holophane designs their luminaires to maximize lumen output when all light loss factors are considered. This results in fewer fixtures and lower operating costs to receive the maintained light levels that the end user requires. HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 19

20 Lighting Renovation Guide Uniformity Competitive Improved uniformity and reduced fixtures For most industrial facilities, lighting uniformity is essential for good visibility, however certain tasks or areas may require greater light levels. Light pattern striations (non-uniform lighting) in the work space can be distracting or confusing depending upon the task being performed. Work surface illuminances that are 1-1/2 to 3 times greater than the surrounding areas assist in directing occupant s attention to the task, however greater luminance ratios must be avoided to minimize visual fatigue. It is potentially a waste of energy to maintain uniformity between adjacent areas that have significantly different visibility and illumination requirements such as storage racks next to an inspection area. In these instances, the designer will need to apply the appropriate illumination to each area, taking care not to exceed the recommended maximum luminance ratios. To accomplish this, use luminaires of different wattages, change the quantity and spacing of luminaires in those areas or use task lighting. For retail facilities uniformity may or may not be desired as previously described in the Lighting Techniques section. In general, as the product offering becomes more specialized (e.g. jewelry store) and/or the square footage becomes smaller, the less ambient lighting the store will typically have and the more accent lighting the store will incorporate. ISD SuperGlass Many factors contribute to uniform lighting, including direct illumination that shines downward from a luminaire and indirect or bounce light that reflects off the ceiling and other surfaces. Holophane optical systems control the light so it reaches all areas within a space without spilling over into other areas where illumination is not desired. Contrast To be readily visible, each detail of a visual task must differ in luminance or color from its background. Visibility is at a maximum when contrast of an object with its background is very high. For example, dark blue lettering on a yellow background exhibits high contrast and is very easy to read. HIGH CONTRAST Desirable LOW CONTRAST Undesirable However, light blue lettering on a dark green background is considered low or poor contrast and is very difficult to decipher. Whenever possible, task contrast should be made as high as possible. Higher illuminance through supplemental lighting may help compensate for poor contrast. 20 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

21 Distribution Human beings often look straight ahead at a vertical plane rather than down toward a horizontal plane so the illuminance on a vertical plane is a critical element. Many tasks such as shopping, machining, driving forklifts, reading gauges and stocking shelves are located in the vertical plane. To light the vertical plane, pay close attention to fixture selection and fixture placement. In open areas, fixtures with wide distributions may be required in addition to supplemental task lighting to appropriately light the vertical plane and overcome obstructions. In tall aisles, such as those found in factory outlets or warehouses, luminaires with narrow distributions may be required in order to provide appropriate vertical light levels at eye level. Spacing Criteria In order to maintain good uniformity in a space, the manufacturer s published spacing criterion (SC) for a given fixture must be known. If you multiply the spacing criterion by the distance from the bottom of the fixture to the work plane, you arrive at the maximum recommended fixture spacing. Fixtures with low SC have more of a downward throw and need to be spaced closer together to maintain uniformity, and fixtures with higher SC have a more widespread distribution and can be spaced further apart. Spacing criteria are based on providing uniform illumination and are not a means of defining illuminance levels. This then becomes the engineering tradeoff light level vs uniformity. Two luminaires having the same total lumen output, but different spacing criterion may provide radically different light levels EVEN if the spacing of the two systems is identical (which is often the case in a 1-for-1 relighting application). Illumination Considerations Shadows Large machinery and/or tall racks may obstruct light and cause shadows unless good lighting techniques are applied. Harsh shadows are not desirable and can be avoided by providing illumination from many different fixtures or from large diffusing luminaires. However, soft shadows that are less pronounced can accent the depth and form of objects. Clearly defined shadows often aid in the visibility of engraved polished surfaces, some types of bench work and certain textile inspections. Supplementary directional lighting combined with diffused general lighting from several fixtures can help achieve this effect. HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 21

22 Lighting Renovation Guide Color Rendering The use of color in retail stores or industrial plants is not new, yet in today s world of colored lighting and colored materials, having the ability to determine the exact color of an object may be more important in some areas than in others. Color is a wonderful tool used to attract customers to specific products, sort various grades of product, emphasize brand image or locate items faster within a warehouse. Color rendering is the ability of a light source to represent the true colors of an object. The closer the color rendering index (CRI) is to 100, the more natural the colors will appear. For example, a metal halide lamp, which casts a whitish light, can have a CRI as high as 90. A high pressure sodium lamp, which imparts a yellowish color, has a CRI as low as 20. Therefore a metal halide source will be more appropriate for color sensitive areas even though a high pressure sodium lamp may be more efficient by providing greater lumens per watt. Glare There are two types of glare, direct glare and reflected glare. Direct glare occurs when light travels directly from the lamp source to the eye. Reflected glare, also known as veiling reflections, results when light reflects from a shiny surface, such as from a luminaire s reflector, or other glossy surfaces within the field of view. Glare can cause fatigue, headaches, annoyance, discomfort and productivity loss due to reduced visual performance and visibility. Direct glare can be reduced using the following techniques or combinations of techniques: 1) paint the ceilings white and choose luminaires with high (15-25%) uplight component to reduce the harsh contrast of the high luminance source and the dark background 2) choose luminaires with deep reflectors that block the lamp from the field of view 3) choose fixtures with louvers or lenses to conceal the lamp 4) decrease the luminance of the source by using lower wattage lamps and spacing fixtures closer together. Reflected glare can be reduced using the following techniques or combination of techniques: 1) position the lighting fixture or the task so that the reflected image is directed away from the observer 2) select fixtures with adequate shielding or diffusing media 3) use lower luminance lamps and space fixtures closer together. 22 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

23 Lighting Economics First cost or unit costs should not be the only consideration when examining the economics of a lighting system. A better gauge is how efficiently the entire lighting system will operate over time. RELIGHT Reduction in System Wattage over existing system Innovation that Makes a Difference Replacing an existing 400W Metal Halide System with Holophane s premier luminaires featuring ISD SuperGlass with 250W pulse start provides more light while significantly reducing energy consumption. It is hard to place a dollar value on lighting deficiencies such as direct and reflected glare, shadows or uneven light distribution. However, experience shows that as the purchasing price for a lighting system decreases within limits, operating costs go up. This is reasonable since a commodity grade luminaire often is not as robustly designed and constructed as a more highly engineered system. In addition, commodity grade luminaires are usually made of inferior quality materials. A lighting system s design, materials, and construction will dictate its usefulness, efficiency and durability over time. The final price however, will be determined by the lighting solution s performance and its short-term and long-term operating costs. Holophane lighting solutions provide the best combination of lighting performance with low owning and operating costs. State-of-the-art optical systems promote energy efficiency and wider spacing between luminaires. Quality materials and a highly engineered design assure the luminaires provide reliable performance with minimal maintenance for many years. Holophane s software, SALE, is a financial lighting program that compares the total costs of ownership for two or more different lighting systems. The program evaluates the systems in terms of initial costs, maintenance costs and annual operating costs. The installed cost is only the first part of the equation. Higher initial costs may be quickly offset by greater energy efficiency and lower maintenance costs over the life of the luminaires, thereby yielding an overall lower total cost of ownership. SALE compares systems in terms of payback time and net present value. The user may make comparisons based on any combination of installation, energy, and maintenance costs. Under installation costs, the user has the option to include or not include variables associated with conduit, wiring, outlet boxes and fixture installation. This means the user can compare systems based on energy and maintenance costs versus initial fixture costs alone providing a clearer picture of the total cost of ownership. HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 23

24 Lighting Renovation Guide Indoor Products Enduratron 320W to 400W Electronic HID ballast Uniquely shaped ballast housing Open and enclosed optics Patented ISD SuperGlass UL/CUL listed, 40 C, damp location Prismalume 150W to 1000W Patented ISD SuperGlass optics Excellent vertical illumination Factory set photometric distributions UL/CUL listed 65 C, damp location RE Luminaire 250W to 400W Encapsulated ballast Optional covered optics Patented ISD SuperGlass UL/CUL listed, 40 C, damp location Enduralume 250W to 400W Thermal shock resistant optics Corrosion resistant paint Acrylic or prismatic glass lens -40 C starting temperature HB/HC Series (4) 32W to (6) 54W Excellent energy saving alternative High color rendering Integral motion sensors Instant-On / Hot Restrike Unique Miro - Silver reflector optics UL/CUL listed damp location IntelliVue /IntelliBay (2) 28W to (6) 54W Patented P.O.L.A.R. technology 2 housing styles Vertically stacked lamps for glare reduction UL/CUL listed 55 C, damp location 24 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

25 Outdoor Products Pole mount MirroStar Roadway and parking lot from 250W to 1000W IESNA full-cutoff optics Miro 4 optical assembly Mongoose General area and floodlighting from 100W to 400W Round contemporary design Tool-less entry and quick disconnect ballast door AEL 125 Roadway and parking lot from 175W to 400W Die cast trigger latch Sealed optical chamber Drop, sag or flat glass lenses PoleStar II Area lighting from 250W to 1000W European Styling Medium and large sizes Round, square, octagonal or post top shapes Open or enclosed optics HMAO Large area lighting from 50W to 1000W Multiple photometric distributions Hermetically sealed specular panels Unitized ballast assembly with quick disconnect Wallpack IV Perimeter lighting from 250W to 400W Die cast aluminum housing Prismatic glass refractor Stainless steel hardware LMS Lowering Device Area lighting from 200W to 1000W Variety of luminaire options Available in two to six luminaire quantity options Top latching, centering system Rugged construction, in a choice of round or square Easily transportable HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 25

26 Lighting Renovation Guide Emergency Magellan EC Variety of face plates Choice of housing materials UL 924 ratings NAV-Check self diagnostic capable Available with LED DeSoto M60 25W to 1800W Corrosion and impact resistant NAV-Check self diagnostic capable UL 924 and NEMA ratings NSF Intl. Splash Zone rated DeLeon HD 6W to 60W Constructed of impact resistant, fiberglass reinforced polyester Direct view red or green LEDs Hazardous location rated NAV-Check self diagnostic capable Class I, Div. II, Groups A, B, C, and D 26 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

27 Synergy Controls System Features Flexible Control Choices The Synergy system offers a wide variety of fully integrated control choices and user interface options that can be used together or separately for individual zone or system-wide control of relays, dimmers and controllable breakers. Automatic control options include time schedules, photocells, BAS integration, A/V system integration and occupancy sensors. User interface options include low-voltage switches, digital switch stations, wireless remotes, multi-preset control stations, theatrical DMX consoles, touch-tone telephone interface and interactive computer graphic screens. Low-Voltage Switching Robust switching options include relays and controllable circuit breakers for control of up to 600V loads. All Synergy relays utilize zero-cross switching and are backed by the longest full-coverage warranty in the industry. Distributed Control Digital Equinox stations and Synergy SYRS stations with the EXT option provide distributed control and minimize expensive line and low-voltage home runs to the electrical closet. The station provides local override and a connection point for a photocell, occupancy sensor, relay and 0-10V fluorescent and electronic HID fixtures. Each Synergy controller can support up to 60 stations, connected via a single twisted pair LAN, and provides central scheduling, monitoring and override capability from the Synergy software or building automation system. Customized Functionality The Synergy lighting control system allows highly flexible and customized solutions to be developed through the use of BACnet priorities and a unique Script Logic feature. The Script Logic application language uses familiar scripting terms such as IF, THEN, AND, OR and ELSE and can be programmed through the Synergy PC configuration software wizard or a standard text editor. These features enable the Synergy system to satisfy an extremely wide variety of specialized project requirements without the added expense and lead time of custom hardware. Maximum Energy Savings The Synergy line fully meets the requirements of the U.S. Green Building Council s Leadership through Engineering and Efficient Design (LEED) guidelines for lighting control, as well as those required by individual state and international energy codes such as IECC, California Title 24 and ASHRAE Flexible and fully integrated timeclock scheduling, manual and occupancy-based override, daylight harvesting and load shedding options maximize both occupant comfort and energy savings. Maximum Expandability The Synergy system architecture uses distributed intelligence to allow easy expansion and accommodation of changing customer and project requirements without raising the initial cost of the system. New panels, components and functions can be added and seamlessly integrated with one another through the use of the integrated keypad or simple point and click software. Over 4 million panels may be networked together, allowing Synergy to be used on any size project without the worry of system limits. HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 27

28 Lighting Renovation Guide National Accounts Holophane s National Accounts Group provides a full range of services that supports the development of a mutually beneficial partnership program that meets your specific design and construction requirements. From our highly trained Factory Direct Field Representatives to our International Project Support, Holophane National Account customers are afforded a world of opportunity to streamline purchasing and engineering decisions to help reduce their overall cost of doing business. The customer is assured their needs are being addressed regardless of the particular project s size or location. A single point of contact, professional design services, standardized pricing, multi-location unified product, turnkey capabilities, and our national and international presence all add up to piece of mind for the Holophane National Account customer. The following are resources that are available to you through your National Account Manager: Local, regional, national, and international project support/management Comprehensive technical service Training on lighting concepts Product performance comparisons Product selection recommendations Product specifications Design assistance Lighting analysis tools Professional seminars at Holophane s Light & Vision facility Comprehensive facility lighting system audits Financial evaluation assistance of system options Custom presentations for your team Product samples for demonstrations and trial installations Coordination of turnkey services Financial assistance 28 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

29 Turnkey Services To aid your Green relighting project, Holophane has the ability to provide complete turnkey services and installation. When you stop and think about it, the ideal installation would be one that is invisible to your employees. Holophane can help you minimize the impact to your operations as well as reduce your installation and maintenance costs. Holophane s turnkey services includes: Lighting design and economic feasibility study Preliminary lighting survey of the facility Lighting proposal Lighting design with luminance calculations Alternatives and recommendations Complete luminaire schedule Economic feasibility study Simple payback and ROI Potential utility rebates EPAct qualification Leasing options Detailed audit and installation analysis Thorough site audit Detailed scope of work Installation costs Material luminaires and controls Labor Services Financing alternatives Installation plan Security access Product storage Recycling and disposal of waste Management of discoverables Installation services Project management Labor both union or non-union Materials ordering coordination Permits Coordinated invoicing Post installation services Project review Full close-out documentation Disposal services (including hazardous materials) Materials receiving coordination Warranty services Using Holophane s Turnkey Services Group allows you to have one contact for all turnkey installation responsibilities and frees up your local staff from having to manage the installation(s). You can be assured of continuity of products from one location to the next, maximized energy savings, rapid execution of the project and that the lighting design meets your requirements. Partner with our Turnkey Services Group and you can feel confident that your lighting project will be handled by people who are committed to applying their unrivaled lighting expertise to provide the lowest total cost of ownership. HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide 29

30 Lighting Renovation Guide Summary Determining the best lighting system for your Green relighting project involves several disciplines within your organization. Including the finance and purchasing teams in the decision making process ensures that all financial hurdles will be met. Ensuring that the operations team is aware of the impact on productivity, morale, and maintenance cost is essential. By bringing all the disciplines together, Holophane can help design a relighting project that meets your company s financial goals and your company s Green initiatives. Holophane understands the exceptionally demanding lighting requirements within a variety of competitive markets. To remain competitive, facilities must have lighting systems that perform and are economical to operate and maintain. Holophane prides itself in manufacturing energy efficient, low maintenance products that are age-defying. Holophane s rugged indoor and outdoor luminaires are designed with the highest quality materials to ensure long life in the toughest of environments and with strong mechanical attributes for ease of installation. Quality Lighting is no more expensive to install, operate, and maintain than lighting that does not provide as much added value. Quality Lighting offers: Increased productivity Fewer errors Enhanced safety and security Reduced liability exposure Lower insurance premiums Stimulated retail sales Improved ambiance Improved image Improved profitability 30 HOLOPHANE Lighting Renovation Guide

31 Lighting system slashes energy consumption, boosts illumination for Bearing Manufacturer We have received many positive comments from employees who feel the new lighting system helps them see better. A number have indicated that the lighting helps them produce a higher quality product Charlie Kissell, electronic technician for FAG Bearings Corporation Rising energy costs have incited many companies to take a second look at their electrical systems. When the management at FAG Bearings Corporation decided to retrofit the aged lighting system at its Joplin, Missouri plant, the main objective was to reduce energy consumption. FAG Bearings is a German-owned manufacturer providing ball and roller bearings of all sizes and types. Customers include many renowned machine, vehicle and device manufacturers all over the world. The facility is comprised of four buildings totaling 250,000 square feet. During the early stages of the project, an energy retrofit company was consulted about replacing just the ballasts in the facility s existing low bay lighting system. The system used 400-watt high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps. However, because of the fixtures poor physical condition, the decision was made to retrofit the entire lighting system. Over the years, the plastic lenses on the luminaires had yellowed to the point that the light output was substantially decreased and many of the relamp doors were broken or missing. Holophane Enduralume fixtures with enclosed optics were selected for the retrofit. The fixtures, which use 400-watt pulse start metal halide lamps, include a non-yellowing borosilicate glass refractor for low brightness and end of life lamp containment. According to Charlie Kissell, electronic technician for FAG Bearings Corporation, the pulse start lamps were selected because of their longer life and higher initial and maintained light levels. The metal halide lamps also have excellent color rendering capabilities. Although energy reduction was our primary objective, we also constantly strive for methods to improve the quality of our products, said Kissell. Because bearings are manufactured to very exact tolerances, the lighting is critical to producing an in spec product. A total of 180 Enduralume fixtures are installed in Building A, replacing 225 low bay fixtures. The Enduralume luminaires were mounted at 22 feet on the open pan metal deck ceiling, and spaced 20 x 20 on center. Based on FAG Bearing s production schedule, the Enduralume units were installed above existing equipment during the off-shift hours. New mounting points were required since fewer luminaires were used with greater spacing between the units. Illumination levels are 55 footcandles maintained. The Enduralume fixtures are manually controlled and continuously illuminated. FAG Bearings installed Enduralume fixtures in the other three buildings. HOLOPHANE Renovation Lighting Guide 31

32 Lack of proper lighting can cause increased returns of goods, less productivity and lower corporate profit. In some cases improper lighting can invite the threat of possible operation shutdown or diminished brand image. Holophane luminaires are optically engineered to provide enhanced visibility through high vertical surface illumination required on processing equipment, displays, signage, racks, finished goods, machinery, distribution areas, railroad cars, trucks and containers to speed product identification, minimize fatigue, reduce the possibility of pilferage and increase employee morale and productivity. Quality Lighting Does Not Cost, It Pays. Acuity Brands Lighting, Inc. Holophane Headquarters, 3825 Columbus Road, Granville, OH Holophane Canada, Inc Leslie Street, Suite 208, Richmond Hill, ON L4B 3M4 Holophane Europe Limited, Bond Ave., Milton Keynes MK1 1JG, England Holophane, S.A. de C.V., Apartado Postal No. 986, Naucalpan de Juarez, Edo. de Mexico Contact your local Holophane factory sales representative for application assistance, and computer-aided design and cost studies. For information on other Holophane products and systems, call the Inside Sales Service Department at In Canada call or fax Limited Warranty and Limitation of Liability Refer to the Holophane limited material warranty and limitation of liability on this product, which are published in the Terms and Conditions section of the current buyers guide, and is available from your local Holophane factory sales representative. Visit our web site at HL / Acuity Brands Lighting, Inc. Certain airborne contaminants can diminish the integrity of acrylic. Please refer to the Acrylic Environmental Compatibility Chart (HL-2445) for suitable uses. Luminaires may utilize fluorescent or high intensity discharge sources that contain small amounts of mercury. New disposal labeling for these lamps includes the mercury identifier shown on the right to indicate that the lamp contains mercury and should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements. Information sources regarding lamp recycling and disposal are included on the packaging of most mercury-containing lamps and also can be located at Printed in USA