Gasification boiler PYROLYT INSTRUCTION MANUAL. ver. 1.1

Transcription

1 Gasification boiler PYROLYT INSTRUCTION MANUAL ver. 1.1

2 THERMOSTAHL would like to thank and congratulate you on your purchasing this boiler device and ensure that you have made a good choice. PYROLYT boiler is a fail-proof product made of the highest quality materials by the large, known and reliable production factory. THERMOSTAHL brand guarantees satisfaction for the customer. Please read this Operation and Maintenance Documentation (OMD) and get familiarized with the terms and conditions of the guarantee before installing and operating the boiler. 1. GENERAL INFORMATION The Operation and Maintenance Documentation constitutes an integral part of the boiler and should be delivered to the user with the device. Installation should be carried out in accordance with the recommendations contained in this documentation as well as applicable standards and best construction practices. Operational use of the boiler based on this documentation shall guarantee safe and failure-free operation and shall constitute the basis for possible guarantee claims. The Manufacturer (Thermostahl) shall reserve the right to modify production engineering, technical data, dimensions, appearance and boiler equipment without prior notice. THERMOSTAHL shall not be responsible for damages resulting from improper installation of the device and for failure to comply with the terms and conditions set forth in the Operation and Maintenance Documentation. 2. SCOPE OF DELIVERY (SHIPPING CONDITION) PYROLYT boiler shall be delivered as follows: 1. The complete boiler body with the boiler doors and two ceramic plates, 2. Packaging with the casing, thermal insulation with harnesses and turnbuckles for its clamping, 3. Control panel (charged separately), 4. Cleaning tools, 5. Technical manual. 3. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS, INTENDED USE OF THE BOILER, TYPES OF FUELS PYROLYT boiler type is a low-temperature, steel water. It is designed to be fired by wood and briquette. Boiler operation is based on the process of gasification. The woods are placed on the upper combustion chamber of the boiler, where it is the process of drying and preheating. The fan supplies primary and secondary air necessary for combustion. The combustion takes place in a direction downwardly because of reverse flame, in which the wood is gasified by forced air flow from the primary air. Special ceramic plates accept the thermal loading amounting to 1200 o C. Flue gases are directed by smoke tubes into the smoke chamber and subsequently to the chimney. With the method of gasification achieved efficiency to 92% resulting in fuel economy by 25-30% compared to a conventional wood boiler. Moreover there is a very small amount of ash. When loading wood the user should open the damper

3 (by-pass) by the lever. The smoke will leave by the tamper to the chimney. All boilers have heat exchanger for cooling the boiler and protect them in case of overheating. The boiler design allows achieving high efficiency and the efficient combustion guarantees minimum exhaust emission of harmful substances and fuel economy. Combustion process Phase 1: Drying of wood. Phase 2: Gasification of wood at 450 o C. Phase 3: Burning of mixture of gasified woods with the secondary air at 560 o C. Phase 4: Combusting with increasing flame temperature at 1200oC, at the lower combustion chamber. Phase 5: Outlet the exhaust gases through the torch at 165 o C Boiler design Boiler Body PYROLYT gasification boiler is made of St 37.2 steel plates according to DIN Non-metallic parts are made of special materials with high temperature resistant and designed in that way to have long life time and strength ant to protect the metallic parts of boiler against the high temperatures. The boiler is separated in 3 parts; The upper chamber for wood feeding, drying of wood and gasification of wood, the ceramic plate where burning the gasified woods with the secondary air and the lower combustion chamber where the flame transfers the heat to the water. The produced flue gases are directed by three triangle paths into the smoke chamber and subsequently to the chimney. An extractor is equipped at the back side of boiler and helps the air to come into the boiler from the front opening. The opening for the air is able to close in case that the boiler temperature reaches a limit. A draught regulator with a chain close the opening and the air cannot came into the combustion chamber. The quantity of air is controlled by two switches with screws, one for the primary and one for the secondary air. The outer of the boiler body is coved with glass wool insulation and metallic covers. Doors The boiler has 3 doors. The first one allows the access to the upper chamber. It is used for the feeding of boiler with woods. The second one is the middle door and is used for the cleaning of the openings for the primary and secondary air and finally the third one is the lower door and is used for cleaning of the bottom ash. The amount of bottom ash in the boiler is about 1 to 2% of the total amount of fuels. The lower door is also equipped with a window for inspection of flame during the operation of boiler. Ceramic plates The boiler is equipped with two ceramic plates. The ceramics are constructed to resist at very high temperature. During the operation the temperature of flame reaches up to 1200 o C. The first one is a ceramic plate with jets where the secondary air is mixed with the gasified woods. The second ceramic plate is placed at the bottom of the combustion chamber, receives the flame with the high temperature, protects the boiler against the high temperatures and transfers the heat equally to the boiler water.

4 a. b. a. ceramic with jets, b. ceramic plate Smoke chamber The smoke chamber is at the back side of boiler. The flue gases are directed down of the ceramic plate and through an opening goes to the smoke chamber after a route through the smoke tubes. The smoke tubes are in contact with the boiler water so the flue gases transfer their heat to the water. After that the flues exhaust to chimney and then to the environment. The smoke chamber has also and a damper. The tamper connects the feeding chamber with the smoke chamber. That helps the exhausts to leave from the feeding chamber to the chimney and not to the boiler room during the start of boiler and during the feeding process. The damper opens manually with a lever. Before the user opens the door to fill the boiler with woods they should pull the lever to open the damper. Then there is no danger to fill the boiler room with smoke and the user could fill the boiler. When the user completes the filling of the boiler, closes the door and pushes the lever. The damper closes and the gasification process starts. The smoke chamber has four covers for cleaning and inspection Technical characteristics

5 1 Control panel 2 Dumber lever 3 Feeding door 4 Smoke tubes cleaning lever 5 Opening for primary air entry with a thermostatic mechanism 6 Primary air controller 7 Middle door 8 Secondary air controller 9 Combustion chamber door for inspection and cleaning 10 Flame inspection window 11 Extractor 12 Smoke chamber 13 Smoke chamber cleaning cover Τ1 Input of hot water Τ2 Output of cold water Τ3 Drain tap 1/2" Τ4, Τ5 Safety serpentine connections Τ6 Connection for temperature sensor Ø1 Flue diameter 3.3. Technical data Type Power Max pressure Water capacity Heating surface Weight Combust. chamber volume Wood max. length kw Mcal/h bar lit m 2 kg lit mm PYROLYT , PYROLYT , PYROLYT , PYROLYT , PYROLYT , PYROLYT , PYROLYT , PYROLYT , Type PYROLYT 23 PYROLYT 35 PYROLYT 47 PYROLYT 58 PYROLYT 69 PYROLYT 81 PYROLYT 93 PYROLYT 116 Cooling serpentine (T4-T5) in Back pressure Pa Min.water inlet temperature Required chimney convection Exhaust gases mass flow Internal water pressure drop (ΔT=20 o C) Max burning time Efficiency o C Pa g/sec mbar h % ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ¾ ¾ ¾

6 3.4. Dimensions Type Α Β C D E F G H I K L Φ1 Τ1- Τ2 T3- T4- T5 Feeding door dimensions mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm in in mm ¼ ½ 350x ¼ ½ 350x ¼ ½ 350x ½ ½ 350x ½ ½ 350x ½ 350x ½ 350x Fuels PYROLYT boiler is designed to burn woods and briquettes. You should be very carefully with the woods that you use for the boiler. PYROLYT gasification boiler is designed to burn wood with a percentage of humidity up to 20% and briquettes, which are made of wood only, with humidity up to 10%. Woods with high amount of water create condensation in the boiler leading to corrosion. Be sure that the woods that you will use are dry and the amount of humidity is under the allowable limits. Use woods from oak, beech or pine and do not mix them in the feeding chamber. Use only one kind of wood in every feeding. This will provide a constant combustion of fuel. Fuel Heating Value Allowable diameter Max percentage of humidity Allowable ash percentage kwh/kg mm % % Woods 4 4, <20 - Wood briquettes 5,2 - <10 <4 ATTENTION: Do not use inappropriate fuels. There is danger for the health and for the boiler. Do not as fuels woods that contain chemicals or explosive materials, MDF, household waste etc. Use only woods and wood briquette suitable for your boiler. During the manual feeding of the boiler, you should place the woods with the smaller diameter at the bottom and after the biggest woods. This will help start the boiler and offers a smooth operation of boiler.

7 4. Design and installation recommendations The boiler (boilers) should be installed in the boiler room specially designated and adapted for that purpose Boiler placement recommendations The boiler should be placed in the vertical position. The boiler should be installed as close to the chimney as possible. All distances of the boiler (boilers) from the boiler room s walls and the distances between the boilers should ensure easy access to the boiler (boilers). The distance of the boiler front from the wall should ensure assembly and disassembly of the burner and cleaning of the smoke tubes Boiler room recommendations The boiler room should comply with the requirements set forth in the PN87/B standard Built-in solid fuel boiler rooms. Moreover, it should comply with requirements of Technical conditions relating to buildings provided for in the Building Code (Official Journal No. 75 of 2000, item 690). The dimensions of the boiler room should comply with the requirements relating to heat loads, fire protection regulations and allow for them to be fitted out, operated and maintained in compliance with the OHS regulations. The minimum height of the boiler room: for boilers to 100 kw m for boilers from 100 to 230 kw m for boilers from 230 to 400 kw m for boilers over 400 kw m The minimum distances of the boiler from the front wall: for boilers to 100 kw m for boilers over 100 kw m The distance of the boiler from the rear wall should ensure proper access to the boiler. The minimum distances of the boiler from the side wall: for boilers to 300 kw m for boilers over 300 kw m These distances should be twice as long from the side of the feeder. The boiler room s floor should be: dust-free and non-flammable (paved with terracotta tiles or painted), laid out with an inclination to the floor drain or cooling well. The boiler room should have natural exhaust ventilation carrying off the air outside and supply of combustion air (the so-called Z-shaped ventilation duct) with the outlet placed 0.3 m above the floor level.

8 The section area of the exhaust opening should be calculated making allowance for the ventilation air flow to be at least 0.5 m 3 /h per 1 kw of the installed nominated power. The section area of the air supply duct should be calculated on the basis of the quantity of air required for combustion, which should be 1.6 m 3 /h per 1 kw of the installed nominated power and additional air required for the needs of the natural ventilation (0.5 m 3 /h per 1 kw), which in total gives at least 2.1 m 3 /h per 1 kw of the installed nominated power in the boiler room. Use of mechanical ventilation is not allowed. No flammable materials may be stored in the boiler room. The boiler room should have window openings of the total area not less than 1/15th of the floor area. The boiler room s door should be made of metal, without door lock, opening outside under pressure, with the clear width of min. 0.9 m Hydraulic system installation The system should be installed in accordance with the applicable regulations and best construction practices. The boiler can only be operated in the open system heating installations, The open pressure vessel should be placed 2-3 m above the highest point of the central heating system and protected against frost. No cut-off valves should be installed between the boiler and pressure vessel. The boiler room s hydraulic system should ensure minimum temperature of return water to the boiler (for solid fuel and gas 60 o C, for furnace oil-50 o C*). To this end, a mixing valve with the boiler pump must be installed of the capacity of c. 40% of the nominal flow of water through the boiler. A desludger or strainer should be installed in the return water system before the boiler. The temperature sensors of the systems protecting against exceeding the allowable temperature should be installed directly on the boiler at its highest point. Symbols T1 Hot water outlet Τ2 Return water inlet Τ3 Drain tap 1/2" Τ4 Heat exchanger input Connection with thermostatic safety valve Τ5 Output of hot water from heat exchanger in case of boiler overheating Hydraulic connections of boiler

9 Installation of boiler with open type expansion tank Symbols 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Ball valve 10,11 Radiator switch 12 Radiator 13,14,15 Safety valve 16 Automatic water fill valve 17 Drain tap 18 Cold water supply valve 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 Check valve Β Buffer tank VE Open type expansion tank PCI Circulator of heating system PRC Recirculation pump PB Circulator for buffer tank RP Pressure reducer F Y-type strainer A Automatic air vent FD Water filter

10 Installation of boiler with closed type expansion tank Symbols 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Ball valve 10,11 Radiator switch 12 Radiator 13,14,15 Safety valve 16 Automatic water fill valve 17 Drain tap 18 Cold water supply valve 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 Check valve Β Buffer tank VE Closed type expansion tank PCI Circulator for heating system PRC Recirculation pump PB Buffer tank circulator RP Pressure reducer F Y-type strainer A Automatic air vent FD Water filter 4.4. Installation safety 3 bar safety kit It consists of a collector, manometer, safety valve and automatic air vent. It is fixed to the input of hot water. For safety reasons, if not installed any of the following protective systems must be installed and the second valve. Regularly check the correct operation of safety valves. In case of wear or damage, replace them immediately with new ones. 3 bar safety kit.

11 By-pass system with load units Boiler has to operate for a temperature difference 10 to 15 o C and to insecure that the temperature of the return water is over 50 o C. This insures the smooth operation of the boiler and generally the right operation, the constant performance and the long lifetime. To insure that the temperature difference will be between 10 and 15 o C the installation needs a recirculation pump and a 3-way thermostatic valve. This system insures the right temperature of return water and also the right temperature of water at the radiators. The ESBE series LTC100 is a load unit designed to protect the boiler from return temperatures that are too low. Maintaining a high and stable return temperature enables a higher level of boiler efficiency, reduced tarring and increased life span of the boiler. The integrated pump offers boiler protection and optimal tank loading. The LTC100 is used in heating applications where solid fuel boilers are used to feed storage tanks. The load unit consists of an integrated pump and thermic valve, designed to make both assembly and handling easy. The load unit is protected by an insulation shell and is fitted with easily readable thermometers. The valve regulates on two ports, which makes it easy to install and does not require any balancing valve in the bypass pipe. The LTC100 has an integrated auto-circulation function which makes the unit operational even during power failure or pump failure. The circulation function is blocked at delivery, but can easily be activated if required. The valve contains a thermostat which begins to open connection A at an outgoing mixed water temperature in connection AB of 50 C, 55 C, 60 C, 65 C, 70 C or 75 C. Connection B is fully closed when the temperature in connection A exceeds the nominal opening temperature with 10 C. ESBE LTC 100, load unit. Overheating protection system In a solid fuels installation with closed type expansion tank it is required to ensure the protection against overheating, which mainly result from uncontrolled use of wood or an electrical power failure. When boiler temperature reaches o C the valve opens and allows the entry of cold water into the heat exchanger serpentine. The heat exchanger is connected with one thermostatic valve. The sensor is positioned into the boiler and when the temperature of boiler reaches a temperature the valve opens and cold water come into the serpentine. The cold water into the serpentine takes the heating of the boiler and as a result the temperature of the boiler decreases. The hot water of the serpentine goes to the drain. The valve responds directly to temperature differences

12 and its operation is complete mechanic without electric or spare parts. After the decrease of boiler temperature under a limit the valve closes again and the water stops to come into the serpentine. If the web pressure is over 6 bar it is necessary to install a pressure reducer before the installation. Noted that this valve does not replace the safety valve and it is important to install safety valves too (at least 2). Temperature and pressure relief valve The T&P valve has a temperature sensor and provides double safety against temperature (90 o C) and pressure (3 bar). The output of the valve should be connected with the drain for the disposal of the overheated water. The T&P valve should be connected nearby to the boiler and necessary at the outlet. It provides safety in case of closed type expansion tank installation but it is not replace the overheating safety system. Technical data: Temperature (limit) 90 ο C Pressure (limit) 3 bar Connection ½ Discharge rating: 10 kw Dimensions A B C D E F ½ Ø Thermal protection of the boiler The boiler should be operated within the supply and return water temperature differences in the range of C. Because of the lifecycle of the boiler, it should be operated with the return water temperature not lower than 60 C. In practice, it is difficult to meet this condition because the average atmospheric conditions during the entire heating season require lower settings. In order to ensure the required return water temperature the following solutions are suggested:

13 Higher settings on the boiler (possible only with low external temperatures). Recommended use of a mixing system based on the application of a three-way mixing valve with a boiler circulator (the solution ensuring the proper temperature of both the return water and the central heating system) Boiler water requirements: water for filling up boilers and heating installations should comply with the requirements of the PN-93/C standard, the boiler water should have the following parameters: - ph value > total hardness < 20of - free oxygen content < 0,05 mg/l - chlorides content < 60 mg/l. the used water treatment technology for filling up the heating installation should comply with the requirements referred to above, In the event of failing to comply with the above-mentioned requirements, THERMOSTAHL may withdraw the guarantee for the installed boiler (boilers) Chimney system It should be installed as an acid-proof, double-wall, insulated chimney, or in the case of chimneys made of brick, comply with the requirements of the PN89/B standard; the technical parameters of the chimney should ensure its protection against the effects of the condensate resulting from cooling of the flue gas. Use of acid-proof chimney inserts (tin, stoneware, etc.) is recommended. The section of the chimney can be calculated following the formula provided below: D = 20(3+P) 1/2 [m 2 ]; where: D-diameter in mm, P-boiler power rating in kw. The chimney diameter may not be less than the diameter of the flue. Connecting several boilers to one common chimney flue is not recommended. The connection of the boiler to the chimney should be thermally insulated and run the shortest possible way with the least possible number of pipe elbows, with the appropriate height of the flue towards the chimney. The chimney should be freely open towards the top and built at least 1 m above the roof, The diameter of the flue gas duct should be selected (calculated) in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturers of the chimney inserts, however it should not be less than the diameter of the boiler flue. Installation of an inspection door for removing combustion residues should be envisaged, The entire length of the chimney should be maintained clean, Before connection the boiler to the chimney the user should obtain a positive opinion of the chimney cleaners specialist.

14 A graph for selecting the chimney diameter in relation to the boiler power rating and the chimney height, including the provided values of the chimney draught.

15 4.7. Digital Electronic Controller PWC-1000 Operating instructions Button A1 A2 : They are used to increase and decrease the desired maximum water temperature. Button A3 : It is used for entering and exiting from the menu. For entering into the menu short pressing is required, and for exiting long pressing. Button A4 : It is used to turn on and off the controller (long pressing). It is also used for starting and stopping the ignition process (short pressing). After entering the menu buttons A1 and A2 are used to change the value of the selected parameter, and buttons A3 and A4 are used to change the parameter we want to alter. Settings 01 TEMP.WATER Maximum water temperature. 02 TEMP.EXHAUST Maximum exhaust temperature. 03 TEMP.CIRCULATOR Water temperature that the circulator pump starts to operate. 04 TEMP.Bypass Water temperature that the bypass valve starts to operate. 05 FAN AIR MAX 06 DT WATER 07 DT EXHAUST 08 IGNITION TIME Maximum power amount of the fan (%) in the full burning process. Temperature difference below the maximum water temperature that the fan power starts to decrease. Temperature difference below the maximum exhaust temperature that the fan power starts to decrease. Maximum time of the process ignition. Fan power is determined only by the ignition air setting at this process. 09 IGNITION AIR Power amount of the fan (%) in the ignition process. 10 Off TIME 11 Off EXHAUST 12 CONS.PERIOD Time that exhaust temperature must be below the 11-Off exhaust so that the controller is set into end of fuel process. Exhaust temperature value that determines when the fuel has ended. Repeating time of the process flame conservation. In this process the fan power works at 09-ignition air so that the flame is conserved. 13 CONS.DURATION Duration of the process flame conservation.

16 5. Operation and maintenance 5.1. Start of the boiler Before firing the boiler ensure the following: The installation is complete and correct and there is any problem at the hydraulic network. The electrical installation is complete and correct. The connection of flue gas tube is correct without problems and with the suitable insulation. The sensors are well positioned to the boiler. The hydraulic network is complete and there is the correct pressure. The circulator is connected and working properly. The expansion tank is connected properly and ensures enough expansion of the water. The boiler valves are open. There is sufficient ventilation of the installation. No flammable or explosive materials around the boiler. If you notice any damage or malfunction at the boiler contact your installer or the company. Use as fuel wood or briquettes. Make sure the wood is dry (humidity <20%) to ensure better combustion, better performance and protect the boiler. Note the size of the woods. Make sure the length is such that it fits in the feeding chamber. If there are larger than the length of the chamber cut them. First start of the boiler The ceramic plates which are inside the boiler have a quantity of water inside their structure from the production process. The water is evaporated during operation of the boiler. But at the first operations, the boiler should not be working at full load, because the water content can be vaporized and create gaps in the ceramic structure that will lead to cracks and possible breakage of the ceramic plates. So it is recommended the heating of ceramic plates to evaporate the water content and then operate at full load. The process for removing humidity from ceramic is as follows: Place a small amount of kindling and a few small woods into the upper (feeding) chamber. Open the damper of the upper chamber with the help of the special lever that is on the front side and the upper right of the boiler. Be sure that you do not fill the boiler with woods, but put a small quantity of woods, enough for 20 to 30 minutes of combustion. After the operation allow the boiler to cool for 2-3 hours and repeat the process. It is recommended to repeat the process 3 times to ensure that the ceramics are dry. If the boiler is not used in summer then the process will be repeated again before the start of use. Start of the boiler Before starting the boiler check the whole installation and that it complies with all safety rules. Pull the lever at the front and upper - right part of the boiler and open the damper of the boiler. Open the feeding door and put some firelighters, some twigs and some thin woods at the bottom of the feeding chamber, on the ceramic plate and

17 ignite them. Close the feeding door and open the third door to provide air. When the woods are on fire feed the boiler with woods. During feeding insert woods with smallest diameter on the bottom and the biggest on the top. Ensure that the woods are on fire and close tightly the doors of the boiler. Close the dumber pushing the lever and start the ventilator. Ensure that the doors are closed and there not leave smoke or sparks Combustion settings The flame should have suitable dimensions and cover the combustion chamber. The effective operation of the boiler depends largely on the settings of primary and secondary air. If the primary air is excessive, much ash will fall into the combustion chamber. The flame will be very strong and fast and make noise while wood consumption would be high. If the primary air is not enough then the flame will be low and slow and moving by air currents and will be attracted by the chimney. It will not cover the entire surface of the chamber, while the production of ash will be small. If the secondary air is excessive then the flame is small and blue. If the secondary air is enough then the flame would be great, embracing the entire combustion chamber and will be red and opaque Maintenance Daily maintenance On a daily basis you need to check the integrity of the boiler room and the correct operation of the boiler. Check that the pressure in the network is correct and that all safety devices are in good condition and functioning properly. The boiler should be cleaned daily by the combustion residues (ash and unburned residues). Clean both upper chamber and combustion chamber. Clean walls and ceramic plate on the upper chamber and throw the ash in the combustion chamber. Remove the ash from the combustion chamber. CAUTION! The ash may contain hot residues which may cause fire in the final disposal. Finally, check the integrity of the ceramic plates. Weekly maintenance Weekly cleaning of the boiler includes thorough cleaning of the combustion chamber and the upper chamber. Open the dumber and then open the feeding door, wipe the ash from the chamber and throw it to the combustion chamber. With a brush clean ceramic plate lying between the two chambers. Ensure that ashes do not include hot residues before its disposal. Use a scraper for cleaning the walls of the chambers of any deposits. If ashes have accumulated underneath the ceramic plate in the combustion chamber, remove it and clean the chamber. Refit the ceramic in the chamber with special attention to proper placement. Before you clean, leave the boiler switched off for at least one or two hours to cool. In continuous operation, it is recommended to be cleaned once every 4 days. Monthly maintenance During the monthly cleaning clean the smoke chamber. The smoke chamber has openings for cleaning. Unscrew the screws and clean the deposits of ash. With a scraper remove smoke and ash from the walls of the smoke chamber. Collect them of the side opening. After the cleaning, close the openings tight. Check the tightness of the openings and the condition of the sealing cord. Replace it if it is necessary.

18 Season maintenance Finally, during the annual maintenance of the boiler at the end of the period of use (spring) check the entire heating system (boiler, piping, connections, valves, etc.) in order to function correctly. Repair any damages or harms to the network. Clean thoroughly the boiler, ceramic plates, the smoke chamber, the chimney, and additionally clean the fan of any existence ashes inside. 6. Troubleshooting Type of defect Cause of defect Procedure Backflow of flue gas into the boiler room Low temperature water in the boiler despite intensive burning Boiler temperature too high Too high temperature of the flue 1. Blocked chimney, no or weak chimney draught. 2. Improper supply and exhaust ventilation of the boiler room. 3. Incorrectly adjusted boiler fan. 4. Improper boiler start-up. 5. Incorrect connection of the boiler with the chimney. 6. Incorrectly closed, adjusted boiler door. 1. Improper fuel too low calorific value or damp fuel. 2. Incorrectly selected boiler in relation to the size of the building. 3. No/weak chimney draught. 4. Incorrect adjustment of the boiler settings. 5. Improper or blocked air supply installation. 6. Too low quantity of primary air. 1. Water loss in the system. 2. Blocked circulator/ electricity supply problem. 3. Overloading of boiler. 1. Too high chimney draught. 2. Incorrect heat transfer due to dirty combustion chamber. 3. Incorrectly selected, too small boiler power rating. 1. Measure the chimney draught, clean the chimney, check the combustion parameters, λ=1,8-2,0. 2. Check the operation of the supply and exhaust ventilation. 3. Adjust the fan. 4. Fire the boiler in accordance with the manual. 5. Make a proper connection of the boiler with the chimney. 6. Check whether the boiler door seal adheres to the boiler on its entire length. 1. Use fuel of high calorific value and moisture content in accordance with the manual. 2. Check selection of the boiler and the system. 3. Check whether the combustion chamber, smoke tubes and chimney are not dirty, clean them. 4. Adjust the boiler. 5. Check the condition of the air supply installation. 6. Adjust or clean the fan. 1. Admit water after cooling of the boiler. 2. Check the circulator/check that the electric parts are appropriate connected. 3. Do not feed the boiler, wait until the boiler temperature drop. 1. -Check the chimney system whether is suitably selected. - Close the dumber in case that you forget it open. 2. Clean the combustion chamber and smoke tubes. 3. Check the appropriateness of boiler selection in relation to the

19 Too high consumption of fuel Flame image 1. red 2. blue 3.with noise 4.small flame The chimney smokes Condensation inside the boiler The fan does not start Poor combustion 1. Incorrectly installed central heating system. 2. Incorrect selection of the boiler in relation to the building. 3. Fuel of low calorific value. 4. Improper parameters of boiler operation. 1. Lack of secondary air. 2. High secondary air supply. 3. High primary air supply. 4. Lack of primary air. 1. Low secondary air supply 2. If it still smokes Condensation of air and exhaust gases during ignition of the boiler 2. Very low return temperature 3. Fuel with very high amount of moisture 4. Low chimney draft 5. Small section of chimney 6. Faulty connection to the chimney 7. Concentrates or rain entering the chimney 1. Fan failure 2. Burned out fan 1. The fan feeds too little air 2. Too little chimney draught 3. Incorrect air supply system building. 1. Check the central heating system. 2. Carry out a short energy audit 3. Replace the fuel with the appropriate fuel. 4. Set proper parameters for boiler operation. 1. Increase the supply of secondary air. 2. Decrease the supply of secondary air. 3. Decrease the supply of primary air. 4. Increase the supply of primary air. 1. Completely open of secondary air opening 2. completely open of secondary air opening and reduce the primary air supply. 1. During ignited adjust the boiler temperature above 70 o C and keep it for a few hours 2. The boiler must be protected from low return temperature with a three-way valve. The minimum return temperature is 50 o C. 3. Use dry fuel with moisture<20% 4. Check the chimney and clean it if it is necessary 5. Check the sizing of the chimney in accordance with the instructions 6. Ensure tight connection of the boiler to the chimney 7. Check the installation of the chimney and place protective hat if it is necessary 1. Check electrical connection of the fan. Check the capacitor of the fan engine. 2. Replace the fan with a new one. 1. Clean the fan, adjust the quantity of air with the adjusting screw. 2. Measure the chimney draught. Install a draught generator. 3. Check the patency of the air supply duct.