EIA REPORT OF PRATHAM RIVIERA (M/S. PRATHAM DEVELOPERS), BILL VILLAGE, VADODARA.

Transcription

1 CHAPTER 7 RISK ASSESSMENT ADDITIONAL STUDIES In order to support the environment impact assessment and environment management plan, following additional studies have been included in this report. Risk Assessment Disaster management plant Onsite Emergency Plan. 7.1 INTRODUCTION Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards (unsafe conditions) that exist in the proposed project. On the other hand, risk analysis deals with the recognition and computation of risks, the equipment in the project site and occupants are prone to, due to accidents resulting from the hazards present in the project site. Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard analysis. It involves the identification and assessment of risks the neighboring populations are exposed to as a result of hazards present. This requires a thorough knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario, vulnerability of population etc. Much of this information is difficult to get or generate. Consequently, the risk analysis is often confined to maximum credible accident studies. In the sections below, the identification of various hazards, probable risks in the proposed project are addressed which gives a broad identification of risks involved in the project. 7.2 APPROACH TO THE STUDY Risk involves the occurrence or potential occurrence of some accidents consisting of an event or sequence of events. The risk assessment study covers the following: Identification of potential hazard areas; Identification of representative failure cases; Visualization of the resulting scenarios in terms of fire (thermal radiation); Assess the overall damage potential of the identified hazardous events and the impact zones from the accidental scenarios; Assess the overall suitability of the site from hazard minimization and disaster mitigation 115

2 point of view. Furnish specific recommendations on the minimization of the worst accident possibilities; and Preparation of broad Disaster Management Plan (DMP), which includes Occupational and Health Safety Plan. 7.3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION 1) METHODOLOGY An assessment of the conceptual design is conducted for the purpose of identifying and examining hazards related to materials, major Activities, utility and support systems, environmental factors, proposed operations, facilities, and safeguards. 2) PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS (PHA): A preliminary hazard analysis is carried out initially to identify the major hazards associated with storage of fuels. This is followed by consequence analysis to quantify these hazards. Finally, the vulnerable zones are plotted for which risk reducing measures are deduced and implemented. Preliminary hazard analysis for fuel/ material storage area and whole project is given in Table-7.1. TABLE: 7.1 PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS FOR THE WHOLE SITE IN GENERAL PHA Category Description of Plausible Hazard Recommendation Environmental factors If there is any short circuit and eventuality of source of ignition. Environmental Highly inflammable nature of fuel factors may cause fire hazard in the facility. Installation of fire proof electrical fittings. The area will be no smoking zone. A well designed fire protection including foam, dry powder, and CO2 extinguisher will be provided. 3) FIRE EXPLOSION AND TOXICITY INDEX (FE&TI) APPROACH Fire, Explosion and Toxicity Indexing (FE & TI) is a rapid ranking method for identifying the degree of hazard. The application of FE & TI would help to make a quick assessment of the nature and quantification of the hazard in these areas. However, this does not provide precise information. The degree of hazard potential is identified based on the numerical value of F&EI as per the criteria given below: 116

3 F&EI Range up Degree of Hazard Light Moderate Heavy Severe Intermediate By comparing the indices F&EI and TI, the developer in question is classified into one of the following three categories established for the purpose (Table-7.2). Certain basic minimum preventive and protective measures are recommended for the three hazard categories. TABLE: 7.2 FIRE EXPLOSION AND TOXICITY INDEX Category Fire and Explosion Index Toxicity Index (TI) (F&EI) I F&EI < 65 TI < 6 II 65 < or = F&EI < 95 6 < or = TI < 10 III F&EI > or = 95 TI > or = CONTROL MEASURES Risk Reduction Measures Risk is defined as the consequences arising out of an unwanted event in relation to the probability that such consequences might in fact occur. Risk reduction thus comprises of two basic steps: Reduction of consequences of accidental release Reduction of likelihood of an accidental release Reduction in Consequences Safety Management System (SMS) The failure probabilities largely depend upon how effectively Safety is being managed. This in turn necessitates formal documented Safety Management System (SMS), one that is effective. The features of a Safety Management System are described below. Analysis of accidents and disasters has clearly shown that these are not simply a consequence of direct technical failure or operator tasks carried out incorrectly. The underlying causes may be deeply routed in management aspects of the organization. In some cases, the incidents could have been prevented with a formal Safety Management System (SMS). In other situations, a safety management system was in place, but did not prevent the 117

4 occurrence of the incident. This suggests the need for a wider application of best practice safety management system. Moreover, it raises the question of the quality of such systems. Safety, Health and Environment (SHE) should be a function reporting at the highest management level. There is nothing unusual about this suggestion since such is the practice followed by renowned multi-nationals. SHE management comprises of a number of elements. For the sake of completeness, as an example, the contents of the SHE programme covered in the current practice are given below: i. Management leadership, commitment and accountability ii. iii. iv. Risk Analysis, Assessment and Management Facilities design and construction Process and facilities information and documentation v. Personnel safety vi. vii. Health Personnel viii. Training ix. Inspection and Maintenance x. Reliability and Control of defeat of critical systems & devices xi. Regulatory compliance xii. Product stewardship xiii. Management of change xiv. Third party services xv. Incident reporting, analysis and follow-up xvi. Emergency preparedness xvii. Community awareness xviii. Operations integrity assessment and improvement These elements cannot be used as such. They need to be converted into workable procedures. The elements listed above for illustration, embrace over 100 distinct requirements with corporate guideline for each. These system and procedures should detail at least the following: Objectives and scope Tools and procedures Resources and responsibilities Plans and measurement System of monitoring and control (Audit procedures) 118

5 Mock Drill Exercises Mock drill should be conducted once in a year. Exercises or Drills have two basic functions, namely training and testing. While exercises do provide an effective means of training in response procedures, their primary purpose is to test the adequacy of the emergency management system and to ensure that all response elements are fully capable of managing an emergency situation. Mock drills are best means of accomplishing the following goals and objectives: 1. To reveal weaknesses in the plans and procedures before emergencies occur. 2. To identify deficiencies in resources (both in manpower & equipment). 3. To improve the level of co-ordination among various response personnel, departments and agencies. 4. To clarify each individual s role and areas of responsibility. 7.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN (DMP) The Disaster Management Plan (DMP) gives a broad idea of the detailed emergency preparedness in case of an unforeseen accident / natural disaster. It envisages the need for defining appropriate action so as to minimize loss of life/ property and for restoration of normalcy within the minimum time. The place and time a disaster strikes, is unpredictable, and it is a proven fact that the organization which has a plan for emergency action, is better prepared to face the consequences and therefore minimize the loss of life, injuries and damage to property. The Disaster Management Plan contains procedures to act in an organized manner and to utilize all available manpower, means and facilities effectively in order to reduce the effects of a disaster. The Disaster Management Plan will also enable to be self-sustaining at least until professional help arrives Probable threats The probable threats for which DMP is necessary are shown in table below. TABLE: 7.3 PROBABLE THREATS Natural Disasters Earthquakes Cyclones / storms Floods 119

6 Man Made Disasters Effects of threats Fires Riots, civil disorder, strikes. Acts of terrorism. Interruption of essential services (Water, Electricity, gas) War. All emergency situations basically have the same effect which may appear individually or in combination with each other Death, Injuries Fires Trapped people (by fires, flood, earthquakes) Disruption of essential services (Power failure which affect lighting, water pump, firefighting) Fear and Panic Preventive measures / precautions The identification and allocation of manpower Disaster management control and command on the scene of the incident. Firefighting teams. First aid teams. Protection of personnel and equipment. Communication teams. Traffic control teams. Access/ Crowd control. Identification means equipment; Centralized disaster control point. Firefighting/ First aid equipment. Communication equipment for internal and external communication. Vehicles (for transportation of injured, moving of equipment, provision of supplies.). Rescue equipment (axe, ladders, crowbars and ropes, life guard). Emergency power supply. (among others for the lighting of escape routes) Symbolical safety signs to indicate escape routes, firefighting equipment. Sufficient and accessible evacuation routes. 120

7 7.6 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN FOR FIRE AND PERSONNEL INJURY The emergencies include fire, earth quick and personnel injury. Following are suggested to handle emergencies: In the proposed project, diesel shall be used for backup power by DG sets which has in built storage tank, which may catch fire for which risk assessment has been done. Post emergency preparedness plan along with safety measures has been suggested. In the proposed project, following are the chemicals/material used: a) Diesel b) Furnishing Material 1) SAFETY IN STORAGE OF MATERIALS, PRODUCTS & WASTES: HIGH SPEED DIESEL Name: Common Name : Diesel Chemical Name : Diesel Physical characteristics: Type : Liquid Colour : Colorless Odour : Organic Odour Chemical Characteristics: Reaction with Fire : Inflammable Reaction with water : Suspended in water Reaction with Air : Inert in absence of flame i) DIESEL STORAGE: Diesel will be stored in the inbuilt storage tank provided with the DG enclosures. Flame proof switches and lights will be used in the DG housing. It will be a smoking prohibition area. ii) FURNISHING MATERIAL: Common Name : Wood, mattresses, cloth Physical characteristics: Type : Solid Chemical Characteristics: Reaction with Fire: It catches fire 121

8 Reaction with Water: It will absorb water and become wet. Reaction with Air: It can be air borne (if fine particle) 2) REMEDIAL MEASURES: a. Diesel The diesel will be stored within the inbuilt fuel storage tank provided with the acoustic enclosure. To avoid any fire no smoking or lighting of matchstick will be allowed near the DG room. The manpower will be trained for taking precaution to avoid the fire. In case of fire, it can be controlled within that area by spraying water and CO 2 gas. b. Furnishing Material: The manpower will be trained to handle the material. In case o6f any contact with water, it will be segregated at source. 3) COMMUNICATION: In case normal communication lines are disrupted due to any disaster, mobile phones shall be used for communication with fire service station, police etc. The important telephone numbers will be at made available at all public offices: Police station : 100 Ambulance Services : 108 Fire Station : 101 4) CHAIN OF COMMAND: To avoid any confusion in case of any emergency, following shall be the chain of command: RESIDENT COMMITTEE SECURITY IN CHARGE ALL SERVICE ATTENDANTS 5) FIRE & LINE SAFETY: Hazard classification as per the NBC-2005, Part IV-Fire & Life Safety: Group E, sub division E-1 (Business Buildings-Offices): Buildings above 30 m in height. 122

9 All the buildings will be designed as per N.B.C. of India pertaining to fire hazards. All necessary measures such as terrace water tanks, underground static water tank, automatic sprinklers, hose reels, yard hydrant and fire extinguishers will be provided as per the NBC code for different types of buildings. The firefighting arrangements will be provided as per the nature of the building as per the NBC norms. Further, the exact location of firefighting equipments will be finalized during the detailed engineering stage as per the existing prevailing norms of Fire Fighting Department. The following facilities will be provided as per the NBC Hose reel Wet raiser Yard hydrant Automatic sprinkler system Automatic fire detection and alarm system Extinguishers, etc. 7.7 RESPONSIBILITY OF CONTROLLER Site Main Controller The Administrative In charge of Society shall have overall responsibility. In the absence of Administrative In charge, Personnel and Administrative head shall assume the responsibility of Site Controller. Duties of site controller during emergency shall be: To assess the magnitude of the situation and decide if residential people need to be evacuated to assembly points. To maintain continuous review of possible development and assess in consultation with incident controller as to whether the evacuation of person is required. To pass necessary information about the incident to media and ensure that the evidences are preserved for inquiries to be conducted by statutory authorities. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: The following personal protective equipment will be kept ready at the office of site main controller. Metatarsal foot protection Rubber boots with steel toes Shoe covers toe caps and metatarsal guards Non-prescription eye protection 123

10 Goggles Face shields Firefighting PPE (helmet, gloves, boots, proximity suits, full gear) Hard hat Hearing protection Welding PPE Non-specialty gloves (if they are used as PPE; i.e., for protection from dermatitis, and severe cuts and abrasions) Rubber insulating gloves Mesh cut proof gloves, mesh or leather aprons Respiratory protection Fall protection Ladder safety device belts Climbing ensembles used by linemen (e.g., belts and climbing hooks) Personal flotation devices (life jackets) Reflective work vests Incident Controller He shall have overall responsibility for controlling the incident and directing the personnel of affected area. His duties during emergencies shall be: To inform communication officer about the emergency, control center and assembly point. To direct all operators within the affected areas with priorities for safety of personnel, to minimize damage to the material/ property and human injury and minimum damage to the environment To act as Site Controller till the later arrives To provide advice and information to fire squad., security officer and local fire services when they arrive To ensure that all non-essential persons are sent to the assembly point Primary Controller The primary controller is the person who gives the first information about the incident/ accident. He will be responsible for: To inform the security office and Administrative Officer about the location and the nature of incident by phone. 124

11 To assist Fire Brigade in their operation, and would assist in clearing any obstruction coming in way of fire extinguishers Head Medical Services On receiving the information, head Medical services will reach hospital immediately and take following actions: He will keep necessary first aid medicines and artificial respiration equipment ready. Inform doctors at other places to be ready, for attending serious injury and burns cases. First Aid Team (For First-Aid arrangement) The First-aid team will comprise of trained first aid personnel. The First-aid team will function under direct instructions from head- medical services. The duties of the First Aid Team include: Ensure that all victims are given medical treatment as needed. Establish contact with hospitals and ensure that the most likely injuries (eg, burns, shocks, cuts etc.) can be adequately treated at these facilities. Make arrangements for treating and transporting the injured to the external hospitals, if necessary. Inform the hospitals about the situation. Maintain the list of blood group of each occupant with special reference to rare blood groups Communication Officer In charge Utility shall act as Communication Officer. He shall work from Control Center and maintain communication between relevant personnel. He shall be responsible for: To apprise the site controller of the situation, based on the information received, suggest the evacuation of personnel from assembly points, if needed. To arrange for suitable persons to act as runners/ messengers in case of failure to communication system. To carry out any other works as assigned by site controller/ incident controller. Emergency squad The Emergency Squad will comprise of members drawn from various departments. The Emergency Squad will act under direct instructions from In charge Utilities, who will report to the Incident Controller. Duties of the in charge Utilities include: 125

12 Overall in-charge of the firefighting operations under instructions of the Incident Controller. Inform the Incident Controller if external fire tender / firefighting equipment / materials / Mutual Aid are required. Co-ordinate with the utilities and arrange for external water supply / diesel for hydrant pump / DG Sets, etc. Maintaining adequate supplies of firefighting equipment and facilities. Ask Incident Controller for any other resources required for handling the emergency Section In Charge (Security) Section In-charge shall be responsible for: The Section In charge of the security shall guide the fire crew in firefighting. He shall give instruction to Security Guards to cordon off area as required by Incident Controller. He shall render all help to incident Controller to handle the emergency and carry out the work as assigned to him. He shall be responsible for unauthorized persons inside the affected are as well as inside the site during emergency. Security personnel Duties: Raise the alarm by sounding the siren on instructions from the ECC. Inform the Site Controller, Main Controller, HOD Utility. Close the gate(s) and ensure that unauthorized persons / vehicles do not enter the premises. Instruct the security guards to occupy pre-determined posts for controlling the security of the facility. Control the entry of authorized personnel, such as officials of outside agencies and other personnel that may be needed in the facility. Ensure that media representatives are not directly admitted to the ECC (in order to minimize any unnecessary interference during emergency operations). Be in charge of personnel accountability during the emergency, some persons be unaccounted for, and presumed to be still in the area affected by the emergency, Security personnel will alert the Site Controller, who will then initiate a search and rescue operation (if feasible). Direct the exit of personnel in case of evacuation, and cooperate with external police forces to organize and direct evacuation operations for the public, if necessary. Arrange for transport for personnel required in the facility during an emergency. Ensure that the affected area is not crowded by non-essential persons. Provide assistance in firefighting and rescue operations. 126

13 7.8 RESPONSE PROCEDURE IN CASE OF EMERGENCY Response Procedures in case of Earth Quake If Indoors: Take cover under a piece of heavy furniture or against an inside wall and hold on. Stay inside: The most dangerous thing to do during the shaking of an earthquake is to try to leave the building because objects can fall on you. If outdoors: Move into the open, away from buildings, streetlights, and utility wires. Once in the open, stay there until the shaking stops. After the quake: After the quake be prepared for aftershocks. Although smaller than the main shock, aftershocks cause additional damage and may bring weakened structures down. Aftershocks can occur in the first hours, days, weeks, or even months after the quake. Help injured or trapped persons. Give first aid where appropriate. Do not move seriously injured persons unless they are in immediate danger of further injury. Call for help. Remember to help those who may require special assistance--infants, the elderly, and people with disabilities. Stay out of damaged buildings. Use the telephone only for emergency calls Response Procedures in case of Bomb Threat The floor/ area for which, the threat has been received will be evacuated in an orderly and organized manner. Under no circumstances panic has to be allowed. It would be preferable to get the ladies and sick persons or disabled persons including customers/ visitors / shopkeepers and their employees Response Procedures in case of LPG Leakage The affected area should be evacuated and cordoned off immediately. Shut down the main valve in the gas pipeline, if any in the restaurants and food courts. Ensure that only concerned personnel are present in the affected area and all other personnel and visitors are moved to the nearest assembly points. 127

14 Rescue trapped personnel, also check if any personnel are unconscious in the area and immediately move them outside and provide first aid. Ambulance should be summoned to take injured personnel to the nearest hospital. Personnel in the nearby buildings to close all doors and windows to prevent entry of the leaked gas. Source of leakage to be traced and isolated from all the other areas. And if required use pedestal fans to bring down the gas concentration. In case of a fire follow the instructions in case of fire RESPONSE IN CASE OF FIRE Required response during in the event of a fire should be described in signs located in the lobby. If the fire is small, engage in extinguishing the fire using the nearest fire extinguisher. The response team should immediately move to the point of fire and take all necessary steps to stop the fire. If the fire is not controllable and spreads then the in charge should inform the district authorities and call for external help. The Emergency Response Team will provide immediate relief to the injured viewers and staff at the scene of incident. Any injured persons should be evacuated on priority to the dispensary or one of the nearest hospitals based on their condition. Signage: Signage is main key factor in case of emergency or any natural disaster. Signage is very important to identify the emergency path, fire extinguishers, assembly point and many more, to visitor/ delegates who is not so much aware of emergency equipments or path at our site. Auto glow signage will be provided at prominent places, to avoid accident in case of emergency and create awareness amongst person working in that region/ area. Location of emergency staircases and pathways for evacuation purpose etc. are equipped with Auto glow signage s and emergency light. Sign Boards Containing the Following Specific Instructions for the Occupants in Case of Fire to be placed at Prominent Location Use staircase for going down to ground floor. It there is heavy smoke, crawl to the main door / staircases; cover your mouth with wet handkerchief. Operate the nearest fire extinguishers Don t be panic. Help other people also to go to open area. Don t climb upwards. 128

15 On reaching ground floor, assemble at one point and ensure that no accompanied persons are missing. In case of any missing, inform the team leader / building incharge. 7.9 EMERGENCY ANNOUNCEMENT SYSTEM Any person noticing an emergency will be able to rise or cause to be raised the first Level Emergency Alarm (FLEA). All concerned persons must be trained to operate such emergency alarms. There will be an adequate number of points from which the alarm can be raised either directly, by activating an audible warning of individual signal or message to a preliminary manned location. This has advantage of permitting the earliest possible action to be taken to control the situation, which in turn may avoid the development of a major emergency. All such points must be distinctively marked and known to all. The alarm system suggested is only to meet the local site requirement of the area as the vulnerability limit is confirmed the battery limit. The alarm will reach all those working/ residing within the premises. The warning need not reach out side if no offsite effect is expected under any major emergency. The alarm will alert the Site Controller who will assess the situation and implement appropriate emergency procedures Declaring the Emergency: The persons will be nominated for declaring the emergency that will have sufficient knowledge and experience. The fault warning may result in disturbance of the normal life hence decision will be taken very calmly with previous experience and knowledge Telephone Message: After hearing the emergency alarm during emergency or even while just receiving the emergency message on phone, a telephone operator has to play an important role. Telephone operator will be precise, sharp, attentive and quick in receiving and noting the message and subsequently effective in further Communication EVACUATION AND TRANSPORTATION During emergency, personnel may require to be evacuated from the incident area and also from adjacent areas. Evacuation will to be at pre-determined assembly points in a safe part of the Society. At the site, assembly points need to be clearly marked. The plan will designate security person at gate to record all personnel arriving at assembly point so that the information can be passed to the emergency control center. Personnel required to be transported for the purpose of medical care or for better shelter will be transported with care and facilities. 129

16 Assembly Points Assembly points will be set up farthest from the location of likely hazardous events, where predesignated persons would assemble in case of emergency PUBLIC RELATIONS Inevitably, major incident will attract the attention of the press, television and radio services. It is essential to make arrangements of authoritative release of information to them, preferably at remote place to avoid any possible harm to the people concerned. Senior designated person from Society will be appointed as the sole authoritative source of information of the news media. All other will be instructed not to divulge information the selves which may, in the event, be misleading or inaccurate EMERGENCY SERVICES This includes fire-fighting system, first aid, Emergency Light etc. Alternate sources of power supply for operating fire-pumps, communication with local bodies, fire-brigade etc. will also be clearly identified. Adequate number of external and internal telephone connections will be installed. Emergency lighting plan is considered in design. Power back-up is coping up with battery, D.G. Set and electricity form Govt. of Gujarat Emergency Lighting: The emergency lights operated on battery power should be provided at appropriate locations such as corridors, common area, parking, etc. The battery system should supply power to at least 25% of the lights at these locations for a period of 2hours. The transformers need to be kept energized and should feed independently alternate rows of lights so that in case of failure of one transformer, there will not be complete darkness Fire Protection System: Firefighting mechanism for the proposed Society project will be designed keeping in mind the requirement of guidelines under National Building Code. Suitable firefighting mechanism and firefighting facility will be provided for all the building types to be a part of the proposed Society project, as per the requirements specified for various buildings depending upon their use or character of occupancy and height of the buildings. Firefighting installations will be provided as per the requirements of firefighting installations for different buildings specified under Part IV Fire Protection of National Building Code (NBC). However, salient features of the firefighting mechanism proposed for the Society project is as follows: 130

17 Firefighting mechanism will comprise of various components as per the designated use of the buildings such as fire detection system, firefighting system, fire hydrant system, sprinkler system, portable fire extinguishers etc. Fire detection system depending upon the designated use of the building will consist of fire alarm system, smoke sensors, heat sensors, fault isolators, control and monitoring modules as per codes. Provision of fire alarm system depending upon the use of the buildings will be made as per the guidelines of NBC. There will be provision of fire water reservoir as per guidelines of GDCR. D.G set cable is extended up to the fire pump so that fire pump can also operate at the time of power failure. Wall / floor mounted hand-held type fire extinguishers will be placed at suitable locations. Portable fire extinguishers of water type, carbon-di-oxide type, foam type and DCP type will be provided as per the requirement as first aid fire extinguishing appliances. To eliminate fire hazards, good house-keeping, both inside and outside the buildings shall be maintained by the occupants. The occupants will be made thoroughly conversant with their action in the event of emergency, by displaying fire notices at vantage points. A qualified fire officer will be appointed as a care-taker who will be available on the premises to maintain firefighting mechanism. Water would be required for fire-fighting system, but not on a daily basis. Hence, a fixed amount will be allocated in the reservoir dedicated to firefighting system. The required water storage tank will be provided for fighting to cope in event of fire within the Society and it will be supplied through pressure as per given guideline. The water demand calculated is cumulative and it may be satisfied through multiple reservoirs of different capacity based on population to be covered First Aid: First aid can be defined as an immediate treatment given to the victim of an accident or sudden illness, before medical help is obtained. We assure to have sufficient numbers of first aid kit at identified strategic location and we will train our personnel for the first aid at time to time. Hospital which has been planned within the Society will be equipped with emergency ambulance van and other critical equipment. 131

18 7.13 POST EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES Post emergency activities comprise of steps taken after the emergency is over so as to establish the reasons of the causation of the emergency and preventive measures. The steps to be involved are: Collection of records Conducting inquiry and concluding preventive measures Making insurance claims Preparation of inquiry reports recommendations Rehabilitate the affected persons within the premises and outside the premises VEHICLE MOVEMENT AND CONTROL The road will be kept free of obstructions for easy movement of vehicles at all times. During an emergency, traffic towards the main road will be strictly limited to vehicles required to deal with emergency or to render assistance. When available, and if it is practicable, local police will be requested to exercise control so that the road is kept free for emergency traffic movements POLICE AND FIRE SERVICES They may be informed as part of emergency plan for further assistance and coordination. Police Help Line: 100, Gotri Police Station: , Women helpline No: 1091 Ambulance: 108, Vadodara Fire Station: , OFF-SITE ACTIONS ON ACTIVATION OF ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN The following persons / agencies will be informed immediately: District Collector, Police station, civil surgeon, Mutual aid members. The following information will be given, Nature of the incident and the area likely to be affected. The probable impact and whether it is likely to escalate TRAINING AND EDUCATION Regular training will be provided to all personnel who have a role in planning and operational response to an emergency. The main goal of training for emergencies is to enable the participants to understand their roles in the response organization, the tasks associated with each position and the procedures for maintaining effective communications with other response functions and individuals. The training objectives are: To familiarize personnel with the contents and manner of implementation of the Plan and its procedures. 132

19 To train personnel in the performance of specific duties assigned to them in the plan. To keep personnel informed of any changes in the plan and the implementing procedures. To maintain a high degree of preparedness at all levels of the Emergency Response organization. Train new personnel who may have moved within the facility organization. Test the validity, effectiveness, timing and content of the plan. Update and modify the plan on the basis of experience acquired through exercises and drills. Drill and Exercises Drills and exercises constitute an important component of emergency preparedness. They refer to the enactment, under the assumption of a mock scenario, of the implementation of response actions to be taken during an emergency. Emergency drills and integrated exercises have the following objectives: To test the adequacy of the effectiveness, timing, and content of the plan and implementing procedures. To ensure that the emergency organization personnel are familiar with their duties and responsibilities by demonstration. Provide hands-on experience with the procedures to be implemented during emergency. Maintain emergency preparedness. Drills and exercises will be conducted as realistically as is reasonably practicable. The frequency of the drills will vary depending on the severity of the hazard. However, drills will be conducted at least once in a year. Scenarios may be developed in such a manner as to accomplish more than one event objective REVIEW OF THE PLAN The Plan and associated implementing procedures will be reviewed to ensure compliance with relevant regulations and applicable state and local emergency plans and written agreements with mutual aid members. The need for changes will be based upon the following aspects: Written evaluations of drills and exercises which identify deficiencies or more desirable methods, procedures, or organizations Changes in key personnel in the organization Changes in the facility organization structure Changes in state regulations Modifications to the facility which could affect emergency planning Recommendations received from other organizations and state agencies. 133