Sediment and Particulate Control BMPs

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Spencer King
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1 Sediment and Particulate Control BMPs September 28, 2017 Presentation Created in Collaboration With Pepe Lopez, Luis Girado, and Timothy Lang Everglades Research and Education Center

2 Introduction Sediment/Particulate BMP Photos Participants Experiences Purpose/Objectives Implementation Benefits/Hindrance Economics

3 100% Phosphorus Dissolved Sediment ~40 % Soluble P: Fertilizer/Soil/Sediment ~60 % Particulate P: Sediment/Detritius

4 BMP PTS DESCRIPTION NUTRIENT CONTROL : MINIMIZE MOVEMENT OF NUTRIENTS OFF-SITE Nutrient Application Control 2½ Controlled application of nutrients; banding, controlled application Nutrient Spill Prevention 2½ Formal spill protocols: storage, handling, transfer, and education/instruction Rotational Vegetable Planting 2½ Rotation planting of high P/low P demand crops to avoid P build up Plant Tissue Analysis 2½ Determines plant nutrient requirements via tissue testing Soil Test Based Fertilization 5 Determine soil P requirements and follow standard recommendations Split Nutrient Application 5 Applying split P without exceeding total recommendation Slow Release P Fertilizer 5 Specially treated fertilizer Reduced P Fertilization 5 P application rate is at least 30% below recommendation WATER MANAGEMENT : MINIMIZE THE VOLUME OF OFF-SITE DRAINAGE DISCHARGE ½ Inch Detained 5 Delay discharge: based on measuring daily rain events using a rain gauge 1 Inch Detained 10 Delay discharge: based on measuring daily rain events using a rain gauge Improved Infrastructure 5 Re-circulate water; fallow field flood; increase water detention Water Table Management 5 Optimizing drainage and irrigation schedules to decrease discharge PARTICULATE P AND SEDIMENT CONTROL : MINIMIZE MOVEMENT OF PARTICULATE MATTER AND CANAL SEDIMENTS Any 2 Any 4 Any 6 Any 8 2½ Leveling fields Slow drainage velocity near pumps Grassed swales/field ditch connections Ditch bank berms Canal cleaning program Aquatic weed control Field ditch drainage sumps Barriers at discharge locations Ditch bank stabilization Sediment sump/trap in canals Soil stabilization through infrastructure improvements Cover crops Culvert bottoms above ditch bottoms Vegetated ditch banks Other BMPs TBD BMPs proposed by permittee and accepted by SFWMD

5 Land leveling Ditch/canal bank berms Sediment sump main canal Grassed ditch/canal banks Cover crops Ditch culvert riser boards Raised ditch culverts Canal and ditch cleaning Drainage ditch sumps Floating aquatic weed control Weed boom/trash racks Barriers at discharge locations

6 Objective(s): efficient drain/irrigation Implementation: level prior to planting Benefits: improved crop yield Economics:??

7 Objective(s): reduce particulate P export Implementation: mech remove as needed Benefits/Hindrance:?? Economics: low cost

8 Floating Barriers or Weed Booms Objective(s): reduce P export Implementation: mech remove Benefits:?? Economics: low cost

9 Objective(s):?? Implementation: plant between crops Benefits: improve soil productivity Economics: low cost

10 Objective(s):?? Implementation: mow not spray banks Benefits/Hindrance: (rat problems?) Economics: low cost

? Implementation: initial Benefits: soil loss Economics:

11 A Crop B Field Ditch Bank Berm Soil Berm Vegetated Ditch Banks Soil Berm Soil Caprock Main Canal Bank Berm Crop?? Implementation: initial Benefits: soil loss Economics: high Crop Slope Road Vegetated Canal Banks Road Slope Crop Caprock

12 Objective(s): catch sediments Implementation: initial then occasional Benefits/Hindrance:?? Economics: high initial/then low

13 Objective(s):?? Implementation: install culvert boards Benefits: manage field drainage Economics: low

14 Objective(s): catch soil/sediment Implementation: initial then yearly Benefits:?? Economics: initial high then low Field Ditch Sump Riser Road Drainage Canal Culvert Sediment Accumulation Caprock

15 Objective(s):?? Implementation: raise culverts IP Benefits/Hindrance: recycle sediments Economics: initial moderate

16 Objective(s): remove P sediment Implementation: Benefits: improved drainage Economics: moderate/high

17 Canal Cleaning Program: Where to Place the Sediment? Best Better OK

18 THANK YOU! Questions?

Sediment and Particulate Control

Sediment and Particulate Control April 14, 2016 In Collaboration With Pepe Lopez, Luis Girado & Orlando Diaz Everglades Research and Education Center BMP PTS DESCRIPTION NUTRIENT CONTROL : MINIMIZE MOVEMENT