Using super oxygenated water in high tunnel tomato and strawberry production

Transcription

1 Using super oxygenated water in high tunnel tomato and strawberry production Terrance T. Nennich, Extension Professor Vegetable and Small Fruit Production University of Minnesota Extension

2 Oxygen and plants Uptake of nutrients Root growth Overall plant growth Resistance to insect and disease Fruit yield

3 Oxygen and Plant Roots No nutrient absorption occurs at the root zone unless oxygen is present. At a molecular level oxygen is required to transmit nutrients across the cell wall and into the roots.

4 Oxygen and Calcium Oxygen is required to get nutrients in, but calcium is required to make nutrients mobile within plant tissue. This is critical if nutrients are to be used properly by the plant.

5 Uptake of Nutrients Root Level - 02 goes across the cell wall and into the roots Increased 02 levels at roots, nutrient absorption increases Ideal temperature for absorption is degrees

6 Uptake of Nutrients Warmer Increase plant growth Cooler slow down nutrient uptake. Constant feeding available may help. Variance between crop and variety

7 Research Question If the oxygen levels in high tunnel irrigation water, used through the drip tape was maintained at about 12 ppm would the yield and or quality of strawberries and tomatoes and the fruit be affected.

8 Crops that Demand High Fertiliity Tomatoes Cucumbers Egg Plants Okra Peppers

9 Crops that use medium fertility Strawberries Raspberries Fruit Trees Beans Potatoes?? Carrots

10 Low Fertility Crops Lettuce Spinach Greens Beans Some cole crops

11 Untreated Water Most well water will contain about 1-3 ppm of oxygen Some water sources can contain more How the water is pumped and moved can make a difference.

12 Machinery for water treatment Water Dog Machine Model WD2C-HD Built for us by Gorecki MFG of Milaca Mn This is a experimental machine and is not available at this time

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15 Annual Strawberry Production Variety : Evie -2 Planting date : Spring 2013 First Harvest early August 2013 Repricated in four blocks 21X48 high tunnel

16 STRAWBERRY OXYGEN SUPPLEMENTATION SUMMARY Berry Yield thru Total Yield Size (gms) 9/16 (lbs) 10/14 (lbs) Block 1 Oxygen Block 1 None Block 2 Oxygen Block 2 None Total Oxygen Total No Treatment Percent O 2 Advantage -0.2% 18.3% 6.6% Confidence Level %

17 Strawberry Oxygen Supplementation 2013 Yields through mid-september % % % Cumulative Pounds of Fruit % 23.9% 19.7% Oxygen Treated Non-Treated % Difference % 0

18 120 Strawberry Oxygen Supplementation 2013 Cumulative Pounds of Fruit % 15.9% 16.8% 18.3% 11.9% 15.4% 17.6% 8.8% 10.6% 6.9% 5.9% 6.6% Oxygen Treated Non-Treated % Difference 23.9% % 19.9% 0

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20 Strawberry research results Data was analyzed until mid September and the entire season Until Mid September the strawberry yield increased 18.3 % No increase in berry weight, large increase in number of berries. Increase was less after mid September, cool temperatures.

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22 Tomato oxygen study Variety : BHN 589 grafted with Maxiford Planted: spring 2013 Harvest : August 2013 Replicated in four blocks 21X48 high tunnel

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25 Tomato research results Data was analyzed until mid September and the entire season Until Mid September the tomato yield increased 16 % No increase in individual tomato weight, large increase in number of tomatoes. Increase was less after mid September, cool temperatures.

26 Oxygen Supplementation - Tomatoes 2013 Yields through Mid-September % 15.8% % 200 Cumulative Pounds of Total Fruit % 16.3% Oxygen Treated Non-Treated % Difference 11.8% /23 8/26 8/29 9/1 9/4 9/7 9/10 9/13 9/16

27 Oxygen Supplementation - Tomatoes % 8.4% % 5.7% 6.0% Cumulative Pounds of Total Fruit % 15.8% 13.7% 11.5% 8.9% 6.8% Oxygen Treated Non-Treated % Difference % 16.3% % 0 8/23 8/27 8/31 9/4 9/8 9/12 9/16 9/20 9/24 9/28 10/2 10/6 10/10 10/14

28 Total Yield Total Yield Total Yield Fruit thru 9/16 thru 10/14 thru 10/14 Size (Good & Imperfect) (Good & Imperfect) (Good, Imperfect, Green) (lb/fruit) (lbs) (lb) (lbs) Block 1 Oxygen Block 1 None Block 2 Oxygen Block 2 None Total Oxygen Total No Treatment Percent O 2 Advantage -1.1% 15.8% 8.4% 8.2% Confidence Level %

29 Research Summary Research findings from this study indicates that annual strawberry yield and tomato yield was significantly increased using oxygenated water of 12 ppm. With both strawberries and tomatoes the increase came from the number of fruit produced and not the weight of individual fruit.

30 Research Summary The better the weather growing conditions the more results Planed on repeating trials again in Also Flowers

31 Research Observations Followed by Disease 2014 study

32 Managing Soil Oxygen Non compacted loose soil Organic Matter Oxygen injection High yields will need more oxygen Variation in watering Non soaked soils

33 Water Yield Data Cucumber plants without water going in peak production No break in watering 32 pounds plant 24 hours with out water 28 pounds plant 48 hours with out water 23 pounds plant 72 hours with out water 16 pounds plant 96 hours with out water 3 pounds plant.

34 As you start your high tunnel up for the 2015 season I wish you all the best season ever.

35 Questions??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????