1. Description of Property

Transcription

1 1. Description of Property Municipal Address Name (if applicable) Legal Description Location of Property Ownership Access Current Use Existing Designation General Description Priority Level 13: 258 Lakeshore Rd. West, St. Jude s Cemetery 258 Lakeshore Rd. West St. Jude s Cemetery PT LT 17, CON 4 TRAFALGAR, SOUTH OF DUNDAS STREET. Located on the south side of Lakeshore Rd. W., between Holyrood Ave and Maurice Dr. Public - Town of Oakville Access granted by Town. Site visit completed on August 11 th, 2015 (AB, CU, ES). Cemetery Designated in 2009 under Part IV OHA (By-law ). The Statement of Significance is attached as Schedule B to the by-law, and is reproduced here as Appendix A. This designation includes the older parts of the cemetery on the westerly portion of the site. The cemetery is comprised of two general areas, which were connected in The western portion of the cemetery is defined by its higher elevation and is where the historic portion of the cemetery is located. The trees include - mature White Pine, Spruce, Yew (near headstones, and in many cases paired between a grave marker), Black Locust, Black Cherry, Beech, Red Oak, Cedar, Walnut, Elm, Lilac. The newer development is in the lower (eastern) portion. N/A- No Further Action Required Figure 1: St. Jude s Cemetery (AB, 2015) Figure 2: 258 Lake Shore Rd West, Site Map (ES, 2015) 13-1

2 Dorv al hore Lakes Rd. E. Dr. Decommissioned Road Road built over Watercourse Water Retention Area Change in Grade Pioneer Cemetery Holy rood Ave. Dr or e Rd. E.. Decommissioned Road La ke sh Do rv al Road built over Watercourse Water Retention Area Corporation of the Town of Oakville 1225 Trafalgar Rd Oakville, ON L6H 0H3 Change in Grade St. Jude's Cemetery Pioneer Cemetery Cultural Heritage Landscape Inventory Map LEGEND Assessment Boundary Building CHL Study Area Heritage District Heritage Trail Ho Parkland lyr oo Park Trail d Av e. Road Site Structures Vegetation Watercourse Drawing not to scale

3 2. Key Recommendations Priority = N/A No further action is required for the following reasons: No known vulnerabilities; Current designation provided sufficient protection of cultural heritage resources; and Restoration of the pioneer markers is complete and an annual assessment is undertaken. Weekly maintenance is also performed. 3. Documentation and Inventory of Built Form List of Built Features: Wooden Town of Oakville sign; Two stone pillars at the entrance and two matching pillars at the exit; Metal fence bordering the northern edge, along Lakeshore Rd. West; Approximately grave markers of various ages, sizes and materials. The historic section is laid out in a grid pattern, aligned north-south, while the newer portion generally uses an east-west orientation for the headstones. Metal rails around family plots; A paved road weaves throughout, in a one way circulation pattern; Wooden benches throughout the newer (eastern) portion of the cemetery; Two maintenance buildings; and A stone retaining wall at the northwestern corner, leading towards the exit.the wall was rebuilt in September 2015, but the placement and form have not changed. 4. Documentation and Inventory of Natural Form List of Natural Features: The historic portion of the cemetery is on a higher elevation of land. Trees include - mature White Pine, Spruce, Yew (near headstones, and in many cases paired between a grave marker), Black Locust, Black Cherry, Beech, Red Oak, Cedar, Walnut, Elm, Lilac; and The newer portion of the cemetery is at the bottom of the valley. Trees include - Boxwood, Euonymous, Ivory Silk Tree Lilac, Callery Pear, Weigelia, Weeping Beech, Linden, Norway Maple, Black Locust, Beech, Walnut, Birch, Honey Locust, Red Maple, Tulip Tree, Cypress, and Purple Sand Cherry. 5. Design (Typology) X all that apply X Categories of Cultural Heritage Landscape Designed Landscape Organically Evolved Landscape Description clearly defined landscape designed and created intentionally by man. results from an initial social, economic, administrative, and/or religious imperative and has developed in its present form in response to its natural environment 1 The site lists 1,479 interments, with 75% photographed

4 X all that apply Categories of Cultural Heritage Landscape Relict Landscape (Evolved Landscape) Continuing Landscape (Evolved Landscape) Associative Cultural Landscape Description in which an evolutionary process came to an end at some time in the past. retains an active social role in contemporary society closely associated with the traditional way of life, and which the evolutionary process is still in progress. justifiable by virtue of the powerful religious, artistic, or cultural associations of the natural element rather than material cultural evidence, which may be insignificant or even absent. 6. Historical and Thematic Associations The land on which St. Jude s Cemetery is located was first patented to William Stanton in In 1853, St. Jude s Anglican Church acquired a five-acre parcel that ran from the waterfront north to Lakeshore Road, in order to build a cemetery and rectory. 2 The congregation, established as Oakville s first Anglican congregation in 1842, was worshipping in a small, woodframe church at Lakeshore Road East and Thomas Street. St. Jude s built a two-storey brick rectory on the southern portion of the site in It was used as a residence for the Anglican priest for the next 20 years. A new church was built to serve the congregation in 1887, which still stands today at 160 William Street. 4 The old rectory was sold and later became part of Holyrood, an estate owned by Dr. W. T. Stuart. 5 An 1897 photo St. Jude s Cemetery shows a narrow dirt path flanked by grave markers, with a small metal rail around a family plot (Figure 3). In 1927 the cemetery was expanded to include 13 acres to the east of the original land, 6.5 acres of which was resold to form part of Holyrood Estate. In 1979, the Church surrendered responsibility for management of the cemetery to the Town of Oakville, which continues to operate the space. St. Jude s Cemetery has served the St. Jude s congregation for over 170 years. The site has been a final burial place for many church parishioners since the late 1850s. 6 2 St. Jude s Anglican Church. History of St. Jude s. Access online, October 2015, from 3 Ashe & Burnell, p By-Law Ashe & Burnell, p St. Jude s Anglican Church. History of St. Jude s. Accessed online, October 2015, from

5 Figure 3: St. Jude s Cemetery in 1897 (Source: Beautiful Oakville. (Oakville: J.E. Commins, 1897). Accessed online, October 2015, at 7. Contextual Associations The cemetery is surrounded by residential properties. It is a well-known site that reinforces the scenic character of this part of Lakeshore Rd. West. Originally a rural cemetery, it s surrounding reflect the development and expansion of the Town of Oakville since the early 19 th century. 8. Evaluation (O. Reg 9/06) O.Reg.9/06 Criteria 1. The property has design value or physical value because it, i. is a rare, unique, representative or early example of a style, type, expression, material, or construction method, ii. displays a high degree of craftsmanship or artistic merit, or Criteria Potentially Met (Y/N) Y Y Potential Justification St. Jude s is a representative example of a rural, 19 th -century church cemetery designed to serve a local church. Individual gravestones may display a high degree of craftsmanship or artistic merit. 13-5

6 O.Reg.9/06 Criteria iii. demonstrates a high degree of technical or scientific achievement. 2. The property has historical value or associative value because it, i. has direct associations with a theme, event, belief, person, activity, organization or institution that is significant to a community, Criteria Potentially Met (Y/N) N Y Not shown. Potential Justification The cemetery is directly associated with the history of St. Jude's Anglican Church, Oakville s oldest Anglican congregation and the development of the town. It may hold graves of many significant people in Oakville s history. It continues to serve church members after 170 years. ii. yields, or has the potential to yield, information that contributes to an understanding of a community or culture, or iii. demonstrates or reflects the work or ideas of an architect, artist, builder, designer or theorist who is significant to a community. 3.The property has contextual value because it, i. is important in defining, maintaining or supporting the character of an area, ii. is physically, functionally, visually or historically linked to its surroundings, or Y N Y Y The gravestones provide information on early inhabitants of Oakville and reflect key historical themes in the development of the Town. Not shown. The cemetery is important in defining the scenic character of this part of Lakeshore Rd. W. St. Jude's Cemetery is historically linked to the former rectory, now relocated to 2 Holyrood Ave. iii.is a landmark. N The resource is not a landmark 13-6

7 9. Photographic Documentation Figure 4: Entrance to St. Jude s Cemetery, with stone gate posts and iron fencing. (AB, 2015) Figure 5: New portion on eastern boundary, showing headstones lining an old road. (AB, 2015) 13-7

8 Figure 6: Topography showing the transition to the historic portion of the cemetery. (AB, 2015) Figure 7: Historic headstones. (AB, 2015) 13-8

9 Figure 8: Decorative fencing surrounding a family plot. (AB, 2015) Figure 9: Paired planting of Yew trees found throughout historic portion. (AB, 2015) 13-9

10 10. Analysis & Recommendations Potential Heritage Value: St. Jude s cemetery is a cultural heritage landscape. It has design value as a representative example of a rural, 19 th -century church cemetery designed to serve a local church. Individual gravestones may display a high degree of craftsmanship or artistic merit. The cemetery has historical or associative value because of its associations with the history of St. Jude s Anglican Church and the history of Oakville. It may hold graves of many significant people in Oakville s history and it continues to serve church members after 170 years. The gravestones yield information on early inhabitants of Oakville and reflect key historical themes in the development of the town. The cemetery is important in defining the scenic character of this part of Lakeshore Rd. W. It is historically linked to the former rectory, now relocated to 2 Holyrood Ave. Actions: St. Jude s Cemetery is designated under Part IV OHA and is protected by an up-to-date bylaw that includes a statement of value and a description of heritage attributes. The statement of values and description of attributes appear to cover all relevant aspects of the cultural heritage landscape. No further action is required for the following reasons: No known vulnerabilities; Current designation provided sufficient protection of cultural heritage resources; and Restoration of the pioneer markers is complete and an annual assessment is undertaken. Weekly maintenance is also performed. 11. Sources Ashe, David and Joyce Burnell, Oakville Street Names and Landmarks, (London, ON: Burnell Creighton Publishing, 2007). Find a Grave Website. Saint Jude s Cemetery Record. Accessed online, October 2015, at St. Jude s Anglican Church. History of St. Jude s. Accessed online, October 2015, at Town of Oakville. By-law No A by-law to designate St. Jude s Cemetery at 258 Lakeshore Road West as a property of architectural, historical and/or contextual significance. Passed June 9 th, Accessed online, October 2015 from, LE/ pdf Town of Oakville Heritage Register: Section F. Last updated: October 24th, Accessed online at Town of Oakville, St. Jude s Cemetery. Accessed October, 2015 from

11 12. Appendix A SCHEDULE B TO BY-LAW STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The St. Jude s Cemetery at 258 Lakeshore Road West is recommended for designation under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act because of its cultural heritage value or interest. Statement of Cultural Heritage Value Design or Physical Value St. Jude s Cemetery has cultural heritage value as a good example of a rural 19th-century church cemetery designed to serve a local church. The older part of the cemetery on the westerly portion of the site is characterized by mature trees and historic gravestones arranged in a grid pattern. The scenic character of this site contributes to its cultural heritage value. Historical or Associative Value St. Jude s Cemetery has cultural heritage value for its historical associations with St. Jude s Church and the development of Oakville. The first Anglican service was held in Oakville in 1839, and St. Jude s Church was established in It was in 1853, under Reverend Robert Shanklin, that the church purchased a 5-acre lot approximately one mile west of town, for the development of a rectory and cemetery. The church demarcated the north portion of the land, adjacent to Lakeshore Road West (then Colborne Street), for use as a cemetery. A large rectory, known as Holyrood, was then constructed on the south portion of the property closer to the Lake Ontario shoreline. In the 1870s, a new rectory was purchased closer to the church, at Thomas and William Streets. A new church building was erected in 1887 at the same location, which still stands today at 160 William Street. The rectory building and two acres surrounding it on the southerly portion of the original cemetery property was sold in In 1927, the cemetery was enlarged when 13 acres to the east were purchased by the church. Two years later, the church sold approximately 6 ½ acres of this new land to Gordon LeFebvre. The cemetery continues to serve members of St. Jude s Church in Old Oakville. The gravestones in the cemetery provide important insight into the lives of the inhabitants of Oakville and reflect the key historical themes in the development of the Town during this period. Contextual Value The cemetery has cultural heritage value for its contextual significance as a well-known sight that helps to define the scenic character of this part of Lakeshore Road West. Originally developed as a rural cemetery outside of Oakville, the cemetery is an indicator of the development and expansion of the Town since the early 19th century. Description of Heritage Attributes Key attributes of the property which embody its physical and historical significance include: Its original markers and monuments, with their surviving inscriptions; The variety of styles, materials and symbolism represented in the markers and monuments; and, The range of size and sophistication of markers and monuments, from modest to elaborate. Key attributes of the cemetery that reflect its value as an example of a 19th-century municipal cemetery design in southwestern Ontario include: 13-11

12 Its location, orientation and dimensions; Its monuments, sculptures and structures; Its park-like setting, including its mature trees and vegetation; and, The original plan and placement of the graves. Works Requiring a Heritage Permit All alterations to the designated portion of St. Jude s Cemetery are exempt from Heritage Permit requirements with the exception of the following: 1) Erection of any new structure on the subject lands; and 2) Erection or removal of any perimeter fencing on the subject lands