IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet"

Transcription

1 IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet Researcher(s) Jeffrey F Derr Affiliation: Virginia Tech Hampton Roads AREC 1444 Diamond Springs Road Virginia Beach VA PhoneNumber: (757) jderr@vt.edu Trial: 2006 VA ProjectTitle: Isoxaben Crop Safety PR# Research Target Crop/Plant Product EPA Reg. # Production Site C Fern, Lady Athyrium filix-femina Gallery 75DF Isoxaben Dow Agrichemi C Fern, Japanese Painted Athyrium nipponicum Gallery 75DF Isoxaben Dow Agrichemi C Fern, Japanese Holly Cyrtomium fortunei Gallery 75DF Isoxaben Dow Agrichemi C Fern, Autumn Dryopteris erythrosora Gallery 75DF Isoxaben Dow Agrichemi C Fern, Dixie Wood Dryopteris x australis Gallery 75DF Isoxaben Dow Agrichemi C Fern, Ostrich Matteuccia struthiopteris Gallery 75DF Isoxaben Dow Agrichemi C Fern, Sensitive Onoclea sensibilis Gallery 75DF Isoxaben Dow Agrichemi C Fern, Cinnamon Osmunda cinnamomea Gallery 75DF Isoxaben Dow Agrichemi C Fern, Royal Osmunda regalis Gallery 75DF Isoxaben Dow Agrichemi C Fern, Tassel Polystichium polyblephar Gallery 75DF Isoxaben Dow Agrichemi

2 IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet Researcher(s) Jeffrey F Derr Affiliation: Virginia Tech Hampton Roads AREC 1444 Diamond Springs Road Virginia Beach VA PhoneNumber: (757) jderr@vt.edu Trial: 2006 VA ProjectTitle: Napropramide Crop Safety PR# Research Target Crop/Plant Product EPA Reg. # Production Site Fern, Lady Athyrium filix-femina Devrinol 2G 100- Sumitomo Fern, Japanese Painted Athyrium nipponicum Devrinol 2G 100- Sumitomo Fern, Japanese Holly Cyrtomium fortunei Devrinol 2G 100- Sumitomo Fern, Autumn Dryopteris erythrosora Devrinol 2G 100- Sumitomo Fern, Dixie Wood Dryopteris x australis Devrinol 2G 100- Sumitomo Fern, Ostrich Matteuccia struthiopteris Devrinol 2G 100- Sumitomo Fern, Sensitive Onoclea sensibilis Devrinol 2G 100- Sumitomo Fern, Cinnamon Osmunda cinnamomea Devrinol 2G 100- Sumitomo Fern, Royal Osmunda regalis Devrinol 2G 100- Sumitomo Fern, Tassel Polystichium polyblephar Devrinol 2G 100- Sumitomo Fern, Christmas Polystichum acrostichoid Devrinol 2G 100- Sumitomo

3 IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet Researcher(s) Jeffrey F Derr Affiliation: Virginia Tech Hampton Roads AREC 1444 Diamond Springs Road Virginia Beach VA PhoneNumber: (757) jderr@vt.edu Trial: 2006 VA ProjectTitle: Prodiamine Crop Safety PR# Research Target Crop/Plant Product EPA Reg. # Production Site Fern, Lady Athyrium filix-femina Barricade 65WG Prodiamine Fern, Japanese Painted Barricade 65WG Athyrium nipponicum Prodiamine Fern, Japanese Holly Barricade 65WG Cyrtomium fortunei Prodiamine Fern, Autumn Barricade 65WG Dryopteris erythrosora Prodiamine Fern, Dixie Wood Barricade 65WG Dryopteris x australis Prodiamine Fern, Ostrich Barricade 65WG Matteuccia struthiopteris Prodiamine Fern, Sensitive Barricade 65WG Onoclea sensibilis Prodiamine Fern, Cinnamon Barricade 65WG Osmunda cinnamomea Prodiamine Fern, Royal Barricade 65WG Osmunda regalis Prodiamine Fern, Tassel Barricade 65WG Polystichium polyblephar Prodiamine Fern, Christmas Barricade 65WG Polystichum acrostichoid Prodiamine Syngenta Syngenta Syngenta Syngenta Syngenta Syngenta Syngenta Syngenta Syngenta Syngenta Syngenta

4 Herbicide evaluation in ferns Jeffrey Derr, Virginia Tech Site Description Conducted at the station RCB 4 reps 3 pots of each fern species per plot 1 gallon containers 100% pine bark pots kept under 50% shade Potted 7/10/06 Ferns donated by Casa Flora Fern pots kept weed free throughout the trial. Application information Application 1-7/10/06 sunny, 87 F air temperature 48% relative humidity 10% cloud cover wind 5-10 MPH S Dixie Wood fern 4 tall, 8 wide, Christmas fern 4 tall, 8 wide, Lady fern 5 tall,13 wide, Tassel fern 2 tall,4 wide, American Royal fern 3 tall, 3 wide, Cinnamon fern 3 tall,4 wide, Japanese holly 3 tall, 5 wide, Brilliance Autumn fern 4 tall, 6 wide, Japanese painted fern 5 tall, 7 wide, Ostrich the King fern 5 tall, 8 wide, Sensitive fern 4 tall, 6 wide. Fern shoot weight recorded 58 DAT (9/6/06). Application 2-9/18/06 81 F air temperature, 56% relative humidity, wind SW 7 MPH, 75% cloud cover. Irrigated after application. Comments After the first application, Gallery decreased stand of lady fern. No other treatment reduced the stand of any other fern species. Devrinol at the 2X and 4X rates appeared to decrease shoot weight in Christmas fern. Gallery decreased shoot weight in Christmas fern and lady fern. American fern and Cinnamon fern had poor overall growth in this trial, perhaps due to the hot, dry summer conditions. After the second application, Gallery appeared to reduce the stand of lady fern and ostrich fern. No other treatment reduced stand of any fern species. Most treatments appeared to decrease regrowth shoot weight in Dixie Wood fern. Devrinol at the 2 and 4X rates appeared to decrease regrowth shoot weight in lady fern and sensitive fern. Gallery reduced regrowth shoot weight in lady fern. No other treatment reduced regrowth shoot weight in the fern species. It appears that the fern species evaluated have good tolerance to granular prodiamine (Regalkade). Devrinol and Gallery reduced growth in certain fern species, but other fern species appeared to tolerate these two herbicides.

5 Herbicide evaluation in ferns Number per plot 9/6/06 58 DAT Rate Dixie Christmas Lady Tassel American Cinnamon Treatment lb ai/a Wood fern fern fern fern fern Untreated Devrinol Devrinol Devrinol Gallery Gallery Gallery RegalKade RegalKade RegalKade LSD (P=.05) NS NS 0.9 NS

6 Herbicide evaluation in ferns Number per plot 9/6/06 58 DAT Rate Japanese Brilli- Japanese Ostrich Sensitive Treatment lb ai/a holly iance painted King fern Untreated Devrinol Devrinol Devrinol Gallery Gallery Gallery RegalKade RegalKade RegalKade LSD (P=.05) NS NS NS NS NS

7 Herbicide evaluation in ferns Shoot fresh weight per plant (g) 9/6/06 58 DAT Rate Dixie Christmas Lady Tassel American Cinnamon Treatment lb ai/a fern Untreated Devrinol Devrinol Devrinol Gallery Gallery Gallery RegalKade RegalKade RegalKade LSD (P=.05)

8 Herbicide evaluation in ferns Shoot fresh weight per plant (g) 9/6/06 58 DAT Rate Japanese Brill- Japanese Ostrich Sensitive Treatment lb ai/a holly iance painted Untreated Devrinol Devrinol Devrinol Gallery Gallery Gallery RegalKade RegalKade RegalKade LSD (P=.05)

9 Herbicide evaluation in ferns Number per plot 10/18/06 30 DAT2 Rate Dixie Christmas Lady Tassel American Cinnamon Treatment lb ai/a wood fern fern Untreated Devrinol Devrinol Devrinol Gallery Gallery Gallery RegalKade RegalKade RegalKade LSD (P=.05) NS

10 Herbicide evaluation in ferns Number per plot 10/18/06 30 DAT2 Japanese Brilli- Japanese Ostrich Sensitive Treatment lb ai/a holly ance painted Untreated Devrinol Devrinol Devrinol Gallery Gallery Gallery RegalKade RegalKade RegalKade LSD (P=.05) NS NS NS

11 Herbicide evaluation in ferns Regrowth shoot fresh weight per plant (g) 10/18/06 30 DAT2 Rate Dixie Christmas Lady Tassel American Cinnamon Treatment lb ai/a wood fern fern Untreated Devrinol Devrinol Devrinol Gallery Gallery Gallery RegalKade RegalKade RegalKade LSD (P=.05)

12 Herbicide evaluation in ferns Regrowth shoot fresh weight per plant (g) 10/18/06 30 DAT2 Rate Japanese Brilli- Japanese Ostrich Sensitive Treatment lb ai/a holly ance painted Untreated Devrinol Devrinol Devrinol Gallery Gallery Gallery RegalKade RegalKade RegalKade LSD (P=.05)

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report over Sheet Researcher(s) harles Gilliam Affiliation: Auburn University Horticulture Department 101 Funchess Hall Auburn AL 36849 PhoneNumber: (334)

More information

Adiantum pedatum Maidenhair Fern

Adiantum pedatum Maidenhair Fern FERNS Adiantum pedatum Maidenhair Fern - Deciduous, upright, slow growing spreader - Tolerates heavy shade - Bright green, delicate fronds, black stems Mature Height: 1-2.5 Mature Spread: 1-1.5 ZONES 3-8

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Isoxaben Crop Safety

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Isoxaben Crop Safety IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Isoxaben Crop Safety Authors: Cristi L. Palmer and Ely Vea Date: July 25, 2008 Acknowledgements Lori Harrison Ray Frank 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents... 2 Table

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet Research Report Cover Sheet Researcher(s) John/Todd Ahrens/Mer Affiliation: Connecticut Agricultural Experiment St 153 Cook Hill Road P.O. Box 248 Windsor CT 06095 PhoneNumber: 860-683-4985 Email: jpahrens@worldnet.att.net

More information

Of course we can contract grow a multitude of others with a minimum order of 30 trays. Call:

Of course we can contract grow a multitude of others with a minimum order of 30 trays. Call: OPTIMARA Ferns myfern.com Of the available fern varieties, we carry Autumn, Albo Lineata, Birds Nest, Blue Star, Button Fern, Christmas, East Indian Holly, Eastern Wood, Emerald Queen, Fluffy Ruffle, Fortune

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Isoxaben Crop Safety

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Isoxaben Crop Safety IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Isoxaben Crop Safety Authors: Kathleen Hester, Cristi L. Palmer and Ely Vea Date: August 24, 2011 Acknowledgements Lori Harrison Karen Sims 1 Table of Contents Table

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet 20150415c.pdf IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet Researcher(s) Nora J Catlin Trial: 2014 NY Affiliation: Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffol 423 Griffing Avenue Riverhead

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet 20161206e.pdf IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet Researcher(s) Nora J Catlin Trial: 2015 NY Affiliation: Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffol 423 Griffing Avenue Riverhead

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Isoxaben Crop Safety

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Isoxaben Crop Safety http://ir4.rutgers.edu/ornamental/ornamentalsummaryreports.cfm IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Isoxaben Crop Safety Authors: Ely Vea and Cristi L. Palmer Date: December 4, 2015 Acknowledgements Susan

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Isoxaben Crop Safety

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Isoxaben Crop Safety http://ir4.rutgers.edu/ornamental/ornamentalsummaryreports.cfm IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Isoxaben Crop Safety Authors: Cristi L. Palmer, Kathleen Hester and Ely Vea Date: December 12, 2013 Acknowledgements

More information

We are excited for the shipping season. Our hope is that you had a wonderful summer and are looking forward to the upcoming season, as well.

We are excited for the shipping season. Our hope is that you had a wonderful summer and are looking forward to the upcoming season, as well. QUALITY FERNS & WILDFLOWERS STRAND NURSERY since 1897 Dear Patrons, We are excited for the 2017-2018 shipping season. Our hope is that you had a wonderful summer and are looking forward to the upcoming

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet 20130111a.pdf IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet Researcher(s) Gary Chastagner Affiliation: Washington State University Trial: 2012 WA Pullayup WA PhoneNumber: (253) 445-4528

More information

COMMERCIAL NURSERY and LANDSCAPES

COMMERCIAL NURSERY and LANDSCAPES PRE-EMERGENCE HERBICIDES: benefin + oryzalin @ 4.0-6.0 lb /A XL 2 G @200-300 lb/a or 4.5-7 lb/1000 sq. ft. Annual grasses and some May be used in commercial nursery production and landscape beds. Several

More information

Nephrolepis. Ariane PAT# , 10 Pot & HB. Ferns for Baskets. Nephrolepis. exaltata. Boston Compacta. 6 Pot & 6, 8 HB. Nephrolepis exaltata

Nephrolepis. Ariane PAT# , 10 Pot & HB. Ferns for Baskets. Nephrolepis. exaltata. Boston Compacta. 6 Pot & 6, 8 HB. Nephrolepis exaltata Presents Ferns ForemostCo, Inc. Consistent Quality, Exceptional Service 45 NW Street, Miami, FL 33 305.52. 00.421. 305.52.34 (fax) www.foremostco.com info@foremostco.com Table of Contents Ferns for Baskets.

More information

April Upcoming classes: Nature Connection: Nature Connections:

April Upcoming classes: Nature Connection: Nature Connections: April 2012 Native Plant School is a partnership between Shaw Nature Reserve, Grow Native! and Wild Ones Natural Landscapers. Classes are held in the Whitmire Wildflower Garden at Shaw Nature Reserve. Please

More information

Colorado Blue Spruce Picea pungens. Growth Rate: Slow Current Size/Age: /2-2 Mature Height: Feet. Full Sun/Part Shade.

Colorado Blue Spruce Picea pungens. Growth Rate: Slow Current Size/Age: /2-2 Mature Height: Feet. Full Sun/Part Shade. Conifer Transplants Colorado Blue Spruce Picea pungens Slow 12-18 /2-2 30-60 Feet /Part Shade Christmas Tree/ Windbreak Eastern White Pine Pinus strobus Fast 10-16 /2-2 50-80 Feet Christmas Tree/ Windbreak

More information

University of GA Coop Ext Service Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Control with Penoxsulam in Bermudagrass.

University of GA Coop Ext Service Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Control with Penoxsulam in Bermudagrass. (TURF33-04) Site Description Page 1 of 5 University of G Coop Ext Service Trial ID: Turf33-04 Study Director: Bill Nutt Location: Griffin Investigator: Tim R Murphy General Trial Information Study Director:

More information

A SIMPLE GUIDE FOR THEIR DETERMINATION.

A SIMPLE GUIDE FOR THEIR DETERMINATION. A SIMPLE GUIDE FOR THEIR DETERMINATION. By EDWARD KNOBEL. BOSTON : PUBLISHED BY BRADLEE WHIDDEN, 1895. COPYRIGHT, 1895, BY E. KNOBEL. To find the name of a fern. Observe if the stem divides into two branches

More information

Price List ARC Ferns, LLC 4707 Oak Hill Street, Apopka, Fl fax

Price List ARC Ferns, LLC 4707 Oak Hill Street, Apopka, Fl fax Price List 2016 ARC Ferns, LLC 4707 Oak Hill Street, 407.889.7868 fax 407.889.5443 800.215.2210 Species Common Source 72-cell Hardiness Availability Actiniopteris australis Ray Fern Spore $0.69 TR Y/R

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report over Sheet Researcher(s) Scott Ludwig Affiliation: Texas A&M University TX ooperative Extension P.O. Box 38 Overton TX 75684 PhoneNumber: 903-834-6191

More information

Northern Willowherb Control in Nursery Containers. James Altland

Northern Willowherb Control in Nursery Containers. James Altland Northern Willowherb Control in Nursery Containers James Altland North Willamette Research and Extension Center Oregon State University Aurora, OR 97002 James.Altland@oregonstate.edu Introduction Northern

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Trial Report

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Trial Report Project Title: Evaluation of phytotoxicity of Sulfentrazone on American Arborvitae (Thuja occidentalis Emerald Green ) IR4 PR#: 25362 Report date: November 21, 26 Authors: Heiner Lieth and Linda Dodge

More information

"SNA RESEARCH CONFERENCE - VOL " SECTION 9 WEED CONTROL

SNA RESEARCH CONFERENCE - VOL  SECTION 9 WEED CONTROL SECTION 9 WEED CONTROL Dr. Walter A. Scroch Section Chairman and Moderator 298 Hairy Bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) Seed Production and Dispersal in the Propagation of Landscape Plants Gary Bachman and

More information

Ferns of Queen s University Biological Station

Ferns of Queen s University Biological Station Ferns of Queen s University Biological Station February 2011 Mark A. Conboy and Jim S. Pringle This checklist covers 47 species of ferns (division Pteridophyta) that are found or expected to be found at

More information

Diversified Crops Report 17

Diversified Crops Report 17 Diversified Crops Report 17 Previously called Other Crops Report from Experiment Station, HARC May 1998 Index Words: weed control, eucalyptus, clopyralid, Desmodium intortum Clopyralid in Short Rotation

More information

Price List The Fern. Specialists

Price List The Fern. Specialists ARC Ferns Price List 2019 The Fern ARC Ferns, LLC Liners & Potted Ferns 4707 Oak Hill Street, 407.889.7868 Fax 407.889.5443 800.215.2210 Specialists Species Common Source 72-cell Hardiness Availability

More information

REDUCING THE COST OF WEED MANAGEMENT IN CONTAINER NURSERY PRODUCTION SALI BAROLLI PLANT HEALTH MANAGER IMPERIAL NURSERIES, INC.

REDUCING THE COST OF WEED MANAGEMENT IN CONTAINER NURSERY PRODUCTION SALI BAROLLI PLANT HEALTH MANAGER IMPERIAL NURSERIES, INC. REDUCING THE COST OF WEED MANAGEMENT IN CONTAINER NURSERY PRODUCTION SALI BAROLLI PLANT HEALTH MANAGER IMPERIAL NURSERIES, INC. GRANBY, CT OVERVIEW OF THE OPERATION AT IMPERIAL NURSERIES Located in Granby

More information

Planting Your Rain Garden

Planting Your Rain Garden Planting Your Rain Garden The Rain Garden Environment Are rain gardens wet? The Rain Garden Environment Rain Garden Zones Edge Emergent Semi-aquatic The Rain Garden Environment Moisture regime also depends

More information

Evaluating Piccolo 10 XC Liner Dips on Herbaceous Perennials (PP96)

Evaluating Piccolo 10 XC Liner Dips on Herbaceous Perennials (PP96) Evaluating Piccolo 10 XC Liner Dips on Herbaceous Perennials (PP96) Joyce Latimer and John Freeborn Virginia Tech Perennials Program Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA Objectives Evaluate plant response to

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Trial Report

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Trial Report Project Title: Evaluation of phytotoxicity of Sedgehammer (Halosulfuron) on Dwarf Periwinkle (Vinca minor Bowles ) IR4 PR#: 2517 Report date: November 2, 26 Authors: Heiner Lieth and Linda Dodge Department

More information

Planting Your Rain Garden

Planting Your Rain Garden Planting Your Rain Garden The Rain Garden Environment Are rain gardens wet? Rain Garden Zones Edge Emergent Semi-aquatic Where are your wet spots? Courtesy Wetland Studies and Solutions, Inc. Plants for

More information

Title: Efficacy of Management Tools for Armored Scale in Ground Protocol #:

Title: Efficacy of Management Tools for Armored Scale in Ground Protocol #: Protocol #: 15-007 https://www.ir4project.org/about-environmental-horticulture/ehc-registration-support-research/env-hort-researcherresources/#protocols p 1 of 5 Objective: Determine efficacy of various

More information

Germania Seed Company Chicago, Illinois ph: fax:

Germania Seed Company Chicago, Illinois ph: fax: Program # 45 Casa Flora Effective Date: Jan 01, 2015 through Dec 31, 2015 F.O.B: Dallas, TX Casa Flora - HARDY AND TROPICAL FERNS Over 100 different ferns, most in 3 different liner sizes. 4 inch pre-finished

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Trial Report

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Trial Report Project Title: Evaluation of phytotoxicity of V-1142 on Dwarf Periwinkle (Vinca minor Bowles ) IR4 PR#: 2549 Report date: November 22, 26 Authors: Heiner Lieth and Linda Dodge Department of Plant Sciences

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Trial Report

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Trial Report Project Title: Evaluation of phytotoxicity of V-1142 on American Arborvitae (Thuja occidentalis Emerald Green ) IR4 PR#: 25396 Report date: November 21, 26 Authors: Heiner Lieth and Linda Dodge Department

More information

REDUCING THE COST OF WEED MANAGEMENT FOR CONTAINER GROWN ORNAMENTALS SALI BAROLLI PLANT HEALTH MANAGER IMPERIAL NURSERIES, INC.

REDUCING THE COST OF WEED MANAGEMENT FOR CONTAINER GROWN ORNAMENTALS SALI BAROLLI PLANT HEALTH MANAGER IMPERIAL NURSERIES, INC. REDUCING THE COST OF WEED MANAGEMENT FOR CONTAINER GROWN ORNAMENTALS SALI BAROLLI PLANT HEALTH MANAGER IMPERIAL NURSERIES, INC. GRANBY, CT OVERVIEW OF THE OPERATION AT IMPERIAL NURSERIES Located in Granby

More information

Nurseries learning from the turf industry: By Todd Layt: revised 2014 edition

Nurseries learning from the turf industry: By Todd Layt: revised 2014 edition Biographical information Nurseries learning from the turf industry: By Todd Layt: revised 2014 edition There is the potential to greatly reduce hand weeding and keep plants greener in winter in nurseries

More information

University of Florida

University of Florida EVALUATION OF HERBICIDES IN SEEDLESS WATERMELON Site Description Trial ID: WATERMELON07 Location: LIVE OAK General Trial Information Protocol ID: WATERMELON07 Study Director: Investigator: W. M. Stall

More information

2016 Dormant Stem Brush Control Trial

2016 Dormant Stem Brush Control Trial 2016 Dormant Stem Brush Control Trial Introduction One of the challenges of vegetation management on right-of-ways is the rapid growth of woody plants. While mechanical (mowing) and chemical options are

More information

Rhode Island Ferns. an article about the ferns found in RI. Francis Underwood Don Lubin Kathy Barton. The Elfin Press 2011 (Revised October 2011)

Rhode Island Ferns. an article about the ferns found in RI. Francis Underwood Don Lubin Kathy Barton. The Elfin Press 2011 (Revised October 2011) Rhode Island Ferns an article about the ferns found in RI. Francis Underwood Don Lubin Kathy Barton The Elfin Press 2011 (Revised October 2011) Introduction ILLIAM W. BAILEY, a 19th century Brown University

More information

Biology and Management of Hairy Bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) in Ornamental Crop Production 1

Biology and Management of Hairy Bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) in Ornamental Crop Production 1 ENH1250 Biology and Management of Hairy Bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) in Ornamental Crop Production 1 Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan S. Boyd 2 Species Description Class: Dicotyledonous plant Growth

More information

2001 CORN ROOTWORM SOIL INSECTICIDE EVALUATIONS AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MEAD, NEBRASKA

2001 CORN ROOTWORM SOIL INSECTICIDE EVALUATIONS AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MEAD, NEBRASKA 2001 CORN ROOTWORM SOIL INSECTICIDE EVALUATIONS AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MEAD, NEBRASKA Lance J. Meinke, Jim Brown, Jenny Stebbing, Bill McCormick Department of Entomology University

More information

2000 CORN ROOTWORM SOIL INSECTICIDE EVALUATIONS AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MEAD, NEBRASKA

2000 CORN ROOTWORM SOIL INSECTICIDE EVALUATIONS AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MEAD, NEBRASKA University of Nebraska-Lincoln 2000 CORN ROOTWORM SOIL INSECTICIDE EVALUATIONS AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MEAD, NEBRASKA Lance J. Meinke, Jim Brown, Jenny Stebbing, Bill McCormick Department

More information

Control of Bittercress in Florida Container Nurseries 1

Control of Bittercress in Florida Container Nurseries 1 ENH985 Control of Bittercress in Florida Container Nurseries 1 Jeffrey G. Norcini 2 Introduction Container nursery growers frequently cite bittercress as one of their more common weed problems. Not only

More information

From 2002 Mint Research Report Rick Boydston, USDA-ARS, Prosser, WA

From 2002 Mint Research Report Rick Boydston, USDA-ARS, Prosser, WA From 2002 Mint Research Report Rick Boydston, USDA-ARS, Prosser, WA Fall, Spring, and Summer applied Herbicide Trial on Peppermint and Native Spearmint with Valor (flumioxazin), Spartan (sulfentrazone),

More information

Lycopodiella alopecuroides

Lycopodiella alopecuroides FERNS AND FERN ALLIES Lycopodiella alopecuroides Common name: Foxtail Clubmoss Comment: Creeping perennial Densely congested on stems; linear-lanceolate, to 1/2 inch long ; a fern ally that reproduces

More information

Reducing Stormwater Runoff through Green Infrastructure in a High Density Residential Development in New York City

Reducing Stormwater Runoff through Green Infrastructure in a High Density Residential Development in New York City Reducing Stormwater Runoff through Green Infrastructure in a High Density Residential Development in New York City New York/New Jersey Harbor Estuary Program Stewardship Grant Program Project Code: 2009-032

More information

Water, Water, everywhere and not a drop to drink

Water, Water, everywhere and not a drop to drink Water, Water, everywhere and not a drop to drink A guide to how residents can help improve local water quality and try small changes to help manage stormwater in Springfield Prepared by the Southern Windsor

More information

UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON E COURT MEMBRANE REPLACEMENT

UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON E COURT MEMBRANE REPLACEMENT UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON E March 10, 2011 Cornerstone Architectural Group Swift Company llc Campus Context Campus Context Existing Conditions Priority #1 Gathering Space Seating both fixed and movable

More information

Controlled Release Container Nursery Fertilizer Evaluations. Dr. James T. Midcap

Controlled Release Container Nursery Fertilizer Evaluations. Dr. James T. Midcap Controlled Release Container Nursery Fertilizer Evaluations Dr. James T. Midcap Purpose: The purpose of this trial was to evaluate controlled release nursery fertilizers under typical nursery conditions.

More information

Weed Management Trials in Bramble Crops. Tim Miller WSU Mount Vernon, NWREC

Weed Management Trials in Bramble Crops. Tim Miller WSU Mount Vernon, NWREC Weed Management Trials in Bramble Crops Tim Miller WSU Mount Vernon, NWREC Recent Red Raspberry Trials Raspberry Herbicide Trials Three trials were conducted in northwestern Washington during 2014 and

More information

This group included tree-like plants in pre-historic times, like the one on the left, a Lepidodendron. They could grow to 45 metres high!

This group included tree-like plants in pre-historic times, like the one on the left, a Lepidodendron. They could grow to 45 metres high! BRITISH PTERIDOLOGICAL SOCIETY Clubmosses Clubmosses belong to the group of plants called Lycophytes, sporebearing plants that separated from ferns and seed-bearing plants more than 360 million years ago.

More information

Weed Management in Sugar Beets: 2008 Research Results. Prepared for the. Ontario Sugar Beet Growers Association

Weed Management in Sugar Beets: 2008 Research Results. Prepared for the. Ontario Sugar Beet Growers Association Weed Management in Sugar Beets: 2008 Research Results Prepared for the Ontario Sugar Beet Growers Association Darren Robinson University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, February 5, 2009 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet IR4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report over Sheet Researcher(s) Richard owles Affiliation: onnecticut Agricultural Experiment St 153 ook Hill Road P.O. Box 248 Windsor T 06095 PhoneNumber:

More information

Evaluating Plant Growth Regulators for Growth Control of Herbaceous Perennials

Evaluating Plant Growth Regulators for Growth Control of Herbaceous Perennials Evaluating Plant Growth Regulators for Growth Control of Herbaceous Perennials Joyce Latimer and John Freeborn Virginia Tech Perennials Program Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA Introduction and Objectives

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Form

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Form Project Title: IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Evaluation of phytotoxicity for Sulfentrazone 0.2G on Easter Lily (Lilium longiflorum Nellie White ) Protocol#: 06-010 Report date: June 12, 2007 Authors:

More information

The Impact of Post Application Irrigation on Dollar Spot, Brown Patch and Algae Control with Renown Fungicide, 2008

The Impact of Post Application Irrigation on Dollar Spot, Brown Patch and Algae Control with Renown Fungicide, 2008 The Impact of Post Application Irrigation on Dollar Spot, Brown Patch and Algae Control with Fungicide, 2008 The middle plot was irrigated immediately following application. This was the morning following

More information

Phytotoxicity and Efficacy of Rhapsody (Bacillus subtilis) for Control of Botrytis cinerea on Lily (Lilium Star Gazer and Show Winner )

Phytotoxicity and Efficacy of Rhapsody (Bacillus subtilis) for Control of Botrytis cinerea on Lily (Lilium Star Gazer and Show Winner ) Phytotoxicity and Efficacy of Rhapsody (Bacillus subtilis) for Control of Botrytis cinerea on Lily (Lilium Star Gazer and Show Winner ) By Heiner Lieth, Director Linda Dodge Shannon Still Ron Lane Project:

More information

Did you know. Rain Barrel Program

Did you know. Rain Barrel Program Wellesley Rain Barrel Program Did you know that using a rain barrel to collect precious rainwater not only conserves energy, you may even save money on your next water bill? The Great American Rain Barrels

More information

RAIN GARDENS. Maria Ballesteros Mindy Munoz Hernan Reyes Elizabeth Cox Rosa Garcia Katie Fritchey

RAIN GARDENS. Maria Ballesteros Mindy Munoz Hernan Reyes Elizabeth Cox Rosa Garcia Katie Fritchey RAIN GARDENS Maria Ballesteros Mindy Munoz Hernan Reyes Elizabeth Cox Rosa Garcia Katie Fritchey By P l a n t B i o l o g y F a l l 2 0 1 3 ( E M P A C T S ), K u r t i s C e c i l, I n s t r u c t o r

More information

Landscaping for Wildlife with Native Perennials Matt Jones Extension Agent Horticulture NCCE Chatham County Center

Landscaping for Wildlife with Native Perennials Matt Jones Extension Agent Horticulture NCCE Chatham County Center Landscaping for Wildlife with Native Perennials Matt Jones Extension Agent Horticulture NCCE Chatham County Center 16 April 2018 Resources http://go.ncsu.edu/nativeplants Remember this? Krefeld Entomological

More information

Potential for Phytotoxicity of Pennant Magnum 7.62 EC (s-metalochlor) on Lavender Cotton (Santolina chamaecyparissus Compacta )

Potential for Phytotoxicity of Pennant Magnum 7.62 EC (s-metalochlor) on Lavender Cotton (Santolina chamaecyparissus Compacta ) Potential for Phytotoxicity of Pennant Magnum 7.62 EC (s-metalochlor) on Lavender Cotton (Santolina chamaecyparissus Compacta ) By Heiner Lieth, Director Linda Dodge Ron Lane Dylan Hodgkiss Project Interregional

More information

(F) (%) (mph) (inches) May Calm 8:30 AM 2 true leaves

(F) (%) (mph) (inches) May Calm 8:30 AM 2 true leaves Potential Tank-Mix Partners with for Weed Control in Roundup-Ready Sugarbeets at Mitchell, Nebraska during the 009 Growing Season. Robert Wilson A field study was initiated near Mitchell, Nebraska to examine

More information

Lesco Fertilizer Evaluation

Lesco Fertilizer Evaluation Lesco Fertilizer Evaluation Dr. James T. Midcap Department of Horticulture The University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602 Nature of Work: Lesco=s 18-6-12 Experimental urea formaldehyde fertilizer with minors

More information

WEED AND INSECT CONTROL 2009 TRIAL RESULTS SAN JOAQUIN COUNTY

WEED AND INSECT CONTROL 2009 TRIAL RESULTS SAN JOAQUIN COUNTY WEED AND INSECT CONTROL 2009 TRIAL RESULTS SAN JOAQUIN COUNTY Cooperative Extension University of California 2101 E. Earhart Ave. Ste 200 Stockton California 95206 2009 ALFALFA INSECT AND WEED CONTROL

More information

Barricade (prodiamine) and Gallery (Isoxaben) are the most water insoluble preemergence herbicides available.

Barricade (prodiamine) and Gallery (Isoxaben) are the most water insoluble preemergence herbicides available. Container Weed Control (rev. 4-09) by Mark Halcomb, UT Area Nursery Specialist, McMinnville, Tenn and Dr. Donna Fare, Research Horticulturist, U.S. National Arboretum, McMinnville, Tenn. Weeds are introduced

More information

Something new in the mix

Something new in the mix Growing Knowledge Something new in the mix Researchers evaluate alternative substrates for ornamental crop production in the Pacific Northwest ability, consistency, and meeting the increased interest in

More information

95.4 ab 95.7 a 11.5 c 50 b 100 a 9.5 c 95 a 99.8 a 95.4 de. 0 c 97.8 a 68.4 ab 0 c 33.3 bc 33.3 bc 0 b 91.6 a 93.9 e

95.4 ab 95.7 a 11.5 c 50 b 100 a 9.5 c 95 a 99.8 a 95.4 de. 0 c 97.8 a 68.4 ab 0 c 33.3 bc 33.3 bc 0 b 91.6 a 93.9 e Table 4: roadleaf Weed Control GF-2210, Escalade 2, and Momentum FX2 2008 DM 4 EF-1343 Spotlight DM 4 EF-1343 Spotlight DM 4 EF-1343 Spotlight C C C Dandelion roadleaf Plantain White Clover June 12 June

More information

Phytotoxicity and Efficacy of Cycocel (Chlormequat Chloride) for Growth Control of Sweet Potato Vine (Ipomoea batatas Tricolor )

Phytotoxicity and Efficacy of Cycocel (Chlormequat Chloride) for Growth Control of Sweet Potato Vine (Ipomoea batatas Tricolor ) toxicity and Efficacy of Cycocel (Chlormequat Chloride) for Growth Control of Sweet Potato Vine (Ipomoea batatas Tricolor ) By Heiner Lieth, Director Linda Dodge Shannon Still Ron Lane Jackie Bergquist

More information

2007 Herculex Corn Rootworm Soil Insecticide / Seed Treatment Efficacy Experiment. 1. Data Summary

2007 Herculex Corn Rootworm Soil Insecticide / Seed Treatment Efficacy Experiment. 1. Data Summary 2007 Herculex Corn Rootworm Soil Insecticide / Seed Treatment Efficacy Experiment. 1 Data Summary University of Nebraska Agricultural Research and Development Center Mead, Nebraska Lance J. Meinke, Jim

More information

Grower Summary. FV 372a

Grower Summary. FV 372a Grower Summary FV 372a Evaluation of potential alternatives for weed control in asparagus following the loss of herbicides (continuation of project FV 372) Final 2013 Disclaimer AHDB, operating through

More information

Rootstock and Interstem Effects on Pome Fruit Trees

Rootstock and Interstem Effects on Pome Fruit Trees Rootstock and Interstem Effects on Pome Fruit s Joseph G. Masabni, Gerald R. Brown, and Dwight Wolfe, UK Research and Education Center Introduction Although apple is the principal tree fruit grown in Kentucky,

More information

Rain Gardens. Reconnecting with the Rain. Rachel Calabro Massachusetts Riverways Program

Rain Gardens. Reconnecting with the Rain. Rachel Calabro Massachusetts Riverways Program Rain Gardens Reconnecting with the Rain Rachel Calabro Massachusetts Riverways Program Natural Conditions Developed Conditions Atmospheric Deposition Pollutants carried away by wind and traffic Pollutants

More information

Management of Container Weeds. Dr. James Altland

Management of Container Weeds. Dr. James Altland Management of Container Weeds Dr. James Altland Container vs. field production Containers No seed bank Bark substrates are free of weeds initially Isolated substrate volume Irrigated daily No postemergence

More information

Growing ferns from spores how, when, where and what

Growing ferns from spores how, when, where and what Growing ferns from spores how, when, where and what Sue Dockerill While many members grow plants from seed, I suspect that growing ferns from spores is a much more uncommon pastime. It is often regarded

More information

Plants for Borders. A selection of Ferns, Grasses and Herbaceous plants

Plants for Borders. A selection of Ferns, Grasses and Herbaceous plants A selection of Ferns, Grasses and Herbaceous plants A selection of mature, pot full 5,10 and 20L plants to give immediate impact in the border. Plant centres of 300-400mm for groundcover, 500-600mm for

More information

SECTION Q. NURSERY, GREENHOUSE, AND BULB CROPS

SECTION Q. NURSERY, GREENHOUSE, AND BULB CROPS SECTION Q. NURSERY, GREENHOUSE, AND BULB CROPS Section Contents Site Preparation Revised December 2013...Q-1 Weed Control in Container-grown Nursery Stock Revised December 2013...Q-2 Weed Control in Field-grown

More information

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet 20140613a.pdf IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet Researcher(s) Cai-Zhong Jiang Affiliation: University of California Trial: 2013 CA PhoneNumber: Email: CA ProjectTitle: Botrytis

More information

Amaryllis (hippeastrum) is

Amaryllis (hippeastrum) is [ ] Editors Note: This is the third in a seven-part series on Extension, teaching and research programs being performed at Kansas State University. Controlling Amaryllis Height with Pre-Plant Bulb Soaks

More information

maidenhair fern Key Features: Is maidenhair fern right for your garden? 1-3 ft tall 1-2 ft wide (Adiantum pedatum)

maidenhair fern Key Features: Is maidenhair fern right for your garden? 1-3 ft tall 1-2 ft wide (Adiantum pedatum) maidenhair fern (Adiantum pedatum) Peter Gorman Color Splash Fiddlehead bursts into spring with showy red color. William Cullina National Museum of the American ndian, Smithsonian nstitution (26-4639)

More information

FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE ONLY IN THE STATE OF ARKANSAS. EPA Reg. No

FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE ONLY IN THE STATE OF ARKANSAS. EPA Reg. No SUPPLEMENTAL LABEL FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE ONLY IN THE STATE OF ARKANSAS EPA Reg. No. 59639-166 LEAGUE HERBICIDE TANK MIX WITH COMMAND 3ME AND WITH OR WITHOUT ANOTHER HERBICIDE (NEWPATH, RICEBEAUX, SUPERWHAM!,

More information

'Garden White' Caladium - a University of Florida Cultivar for Sunny Landscapes and Large Containers 1

'Garden White' Caladium - a University of Florida Cultivar for Sunny Landscapes and Large Containers 1 EHN1041 'Garden White' Caladium - a University of Florida Cultivar for Sunny Landscapes and Large Containers 1 Zhanao Deng and Brent K. Harbaugh 2 Caladiums (Caladium xhortulanum) are tropical plants often

More information

Vegetable Report 1 from Experiment Station, HARC December 1998

Vegetable Report 1 from Experiment Station, HARC December 1998 from Experiment Station, HARC December 1998 Index Words: asparagus, diversified crop EVALUATION OF ASPARAGUS AS A NEW CROP FOR HAWAII S. Schenck, J.J. McHugh, Jr., and M.T. Austin SUMMARY Asparagus (Asparagus

More information

2006 CORN ROOTWORM EFFICACY TRIAL YIELDGARD ROOTWORM COMPARISON TO SOIL INSECTICIDES AND SEED TREATMENTS 1. Final Report

2006 CORN ROOTWORM EFFICACY TRIAL YIELDGARD ROOTWORM COMPARISON TO SOIL INSECTICIDES AND SEED TREATMENTS 1. Final Report The linked image cannot be dis 2006 CORN ROOTWORM EFFICACY TRIAL YIELDGARD ROOTWORM COMPARISON TO SOIL INSECTICIDES AND SEED TREATMENTS 1 Final Report University of Nebraska Agricultural Research and Development

More information

Better Bankside Ecology Toolkit. Getting involved with greening our urban environment

Better Bankside Ecology Toolkit. Getting involved with greening our urban environment Better Bankside Ecology Toolkit Getting involved with greening our urban environment What is the Bankside Urban Forest? Bankside Urban Forest works to improve the streets and spaces between the riverside

More information

SECTION S. NURSERY, GREENHOUSE, AND BULB CROPS. Site Preparation

SECTION S. NURSERY, GREENHOUSE, AND BULB CROPS. Site Preparation Section contents SECTION S. NURSERY, GREENHOUSE, AND BULB CROPS Site Preparation (Revised June 2016)...S-1 Weed Control in Container-Grown Nursery Stock (Revised June 2016)....S-2 Weed Control in Field-Grown

More information

Weeds J.F. Derr, Extension Weed Specialist, Hampton Roads AREC; C.L. Foy, Professor, Plant Physiology, Virginia Tech

Weeds J.F. Derr, Extension Weed Specialist, Hampton Roads AREC; C.L. Foy, Professor, Plant Physiology, Virginia Tech Weeds J.F. Derr, Extension Weed Specialist, Hampton Roads AREC; C.L. Foy, Professor, Plant Physiology, Virginia Tech 73 Measures considered practical weed control by the homeowner on a small area are quite

More information

Blackberry School Pesky Pests: Dormancy

Blackberry School Pesky Pests: Dormancy Blackberry School Pesky Pests: Dormancy Dr. Jackie Lee Horticulture IPM Specialist Little Rock, AR jalee@uaex.edu, Ph. 501-671-2191 IPM (Integrated Pest Management) An ecosystem-based strategy that focuses

More information

PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR USE IN OKLAHOMA COTTON Dr. Randy Boman OSU Southwest Research and Extension Center, Altus

PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR USE IN OKLAHOMA COTTON Dr. Randy Boman OSU Southwest Research and Extension Center, Altus PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR USE IN OKLAHOMA COTTON - 2017 Mepiquat-based (such as Pix Plus, Mepex, Mepichlor, Mepiquat Chloride, Mepex GinOut, Stance, and others) plant growth regulators (PGRs) have been available

More information

Student ID # CS 053, EXAM 3 November 2005 Landscape Weed Management

Student ID # CS 053, EXAM 3 November 2005 Landscape Weed Management Name Student ID # CS 053, EXAM 3 November 2005 Landscape Weed Management 1. Which landscape bed type requires the most effort and attention to pre-plant weed management? (3 pts) a. Woody tree & shrub bed

More information

Landscape Plants (back of Plant Descriptions page)

Landscape Plants (back of Plant Descriptions page) 1 Landscape Plants (back of Plant Descriptions page) Knockout Rose: Double Red.2 Knockout Rose: Sunny...2 Spirea: Little Princess 2 Spirea: Neon Flash. 2 Spirea: Renaissance...3 Spirea: Anthony Waterer...3

More information

Honeyvine Milkweed Control in Tree Fruits, Small Fruits, and Grapes Joseph G. Masabni, Horticulture

Honeyvine Milkweed Control in Tree Fruits, Small Fruits, and Grapes Joseph G. Masabni, Horticulture HO-85 Honeyvine Milkweed Control in Tree Fruits, Small Fruits, and Grapes Joseph G. Masabni, Horticulture Honeyvine milkweed is a perennial weed commonly found in Kentucky fields, groves, and orchards.

More information

FIELD EXPERIMENT HISTORY

FIELD EXPERIMENT HISTORY 114 FIELD EXPERIMENT HISTORY Title: Corn silage yield and quality response to fungicides Experiment: 10Pest Trial ID: 6123 Year: 2016 Personnel: Location: Supported By: J. G. Lauer, T. H. Diallo, K. D.

More information

Birch In The Landscape:

Birch In The Landscape: 3/27/17 Birch In The Landscape: The many cultivars and species of birch offer a striking addition to landscapes when sited and planted correctly and where the climate is suitable for their optimal growth.

More information

DRY BEAN RESEARCH WEED CONTROL VARIETY TRIALS 2008 SAN JOAQUIN COUNTY

DRY BEAN RESEARCH WEED CONTROL VARIETY TRIALS 2008 SAN JOAQUIN COUNTY DRY BEAN RESEARCH WEED CONTROL VARIETY TRIALS 2008 SAN JOAQUIN COUNTY Cooperative Extension University of California 2101 E. Earhart Ave. Ste 200 Stockton California 95206 2008 DRY BEAN RESEARCH PROGRESS

More information

Container Weed Control (draft) by Mark Halcomb UT Area Nursery Specialist

Container Weed Control (draft) by Mark Halcomb UT Area Nursery Specialist Container Weed Control (draft) by Mark Halcomb UT Area Nursery Specialist Weeds are introduced in several ways: seed blow in from adjacent areas, seed cling to the inside of recycled containers, from the

More information

Key to genera of ferns and fern allies

Key to genera of ferns and fern allies Butler University Botanical Studies Volume 1 Butler University Botanical Studies Article 6 Key to genera of ferns and fern allies Ray C. Friesner Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.butler.edu/botanical

More information

Plants for Borders. A selection of Ferns, Grasses and Herbaceous plants

Plants for Borders. A selection of Ferns, Grasses and Herbaceous plants A selection of Ferns, Grasses and Herbaceous plants A selection of mature, pot full 5,10 and 20L plants to give immediate impact in the border. Plant centres of 300-400mm for groundcover, 500-600mm for

More information

Weed Management in Pome Fruit (Apple and Pear) 1

Weed Management in Pome Fruit (Apple and Pear) 1 HS88 Weed Management in Pome Fruit (Apple and ) 1 Peter J. Dittmar and Jeffrey G. Williamson 2 Weeds compete with pome fruit trees for light, nutrients, and water. Weed interference can be minimized with

More information

Captions. Table 1 Field data Table 2 Analysis of results - year one Table 3 Soil moisture content at different application times

Captions. Table 1 Field data Table 2 Analysis of results - year one Table 3 Soil moisture content at different application times Captions Table 1 Field data Table 2 Analysis of results - year one Table 3 Soil moisture content at different application times Fig. 1. Alternative commercial injectors: (a) shallow I (C2); (b) slipperfoot

More information