What s Wrong With This Picture?

Transcription

1 What s Wrong With This Picture? Co-creating real urbanisms for the next three billion Jeb Brugmann The World Bank Urban Week March 9, 2009 photo from Karen Seto

2 Nicaragua Ahmedabad Western Cape Abu Dhabi Kuala Lumpur

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5 Q: What s Wrong? A: The lack of an elaborated discipline of urban strategy to put best practice into scaled practice.

6 The essential faculties of the Strategic City The Strategic Alliance A stable, highly committed group of political, economic and social interests that share a common strategic purpose. The Practice of Urbanism The planning processes, technical solutions, designs, and business models that together shape the way the city is built, serviced, and used to achieve the strategic objective. These three faculties form a stable regime that transforms urban form, regional markets, and local culture to establish A New Urbanism. Strategic Institutions A dedicated apparatus, responsive to the Alliance, for developing, testing and diffusing new practices of urbanism.

7 Barcelona Chicago

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9 Spectrum of city-building approaches Formal Best practice range Ad hoc Community based (formal/informal) Urbanism (institutional) Urbanism Master Industrial Commodification City Mass production of the City Informal Accessibility/affordability Productivity Social cohesion/governability Resource efficiency Resilience

10 Spectrum of city-building approaches Informal Formal Ad hoc Community based (formal/informal) Urbanism (institutional) Urbanism Custom Master Industrial Commodification City Mass production of the City

11 Community-based urbanism Informal Formal

12 Spectrum of city-building approaches Informal Formal Ad hoc Community based (formal/informal) Urbanism (institutional) Urbanism Custom Master Industrial Commodification City Mass production of the City

13 (institutional) urbanism Formal Informal

14 What is an urbanism? Urbanism (ər bə ni zəm), noun 1. The way of life of people who live in a city (Websters). 2. The way that a city building community designs, builds, governs, and co locates activities to support specialized forms of production and living that give them shared advantage in the world.

15 The bazaar district (Middle East/West Asia)

16 Leslieville, Toronto

17 The central business district and university district

18 Spectrum of city-building approaches Informal Formal Ad hoc Community based (formal/informal) Urbanism (institutional) Urbanism Custom Master Industrial Commodification City Mass production of the City

19 Transforming the Silicon Valley Workplace

20 Industrial batch production Post Informal Formal

21 Different approaches create different economic compacts Derivatives (CDO) Trader Subprime Lender Developer P&L (and Balance Sheet) Owner P&L (and Balance Sheet) A standardized unit of fungible, basic urban utility Municipal P&L (and Balance Sheet) Asset stripper (Slumlord) Consumer P&L (and Balance Sheet) Industrial Batch Production of City

22 Spectrum of city-building approaches Informal Formal Ad hoc Community based Urbanism (institutional) Urbanism Custom Master Industrial Commodification City Mass production of the City

23 The centre does not hold: subprime lending was part of the iceberg COST EQUATION Larger homes, more energy intensive, more facilities Greater distances More road, water & sewerage capacity Larger per capita automobile fleet Higher energy/fuel costs Higher mobility costs Higher infrastructure costs More dispersed and flexible labor markets More frequent change of employment Higher housing turnover/neighborhood churn REVENUE EQUATION Less government capital investment Less government O&M subsidy Reduced employment benefits Declining real incomes NET never calculated!

24 Different approaches create different economic compacts A Pursues urban utility & economic advantage B Pursues urban utility & economic advantage A co created system tailored to provide multiple forms of specialized utility with a shared P&L and Balance Sheet B Pursues urban utility & economic advantage D Pursues urban utility & economic advantage An Urbanism

25 The industrial city neighborhood (N. America)

26 Strategy = Scaling Quality Quality of Total City Community Urbanism Urbanism Custom Master Accessibility/affordability Productivity Social cohesion/governability Resource efficiency Resilience Industrial Ad hoc Commodification Past Today

27 Quantity of total city (formal) Quantity & speed solutions Industrial Quantity of Total City Quality & resilience solutions Urbanism Ad hoc Commodification Community Urbanism Past Today

28 Can there be an industrial approach to urbanism? Industrial scale Urbanism? Quality of Total City Quality of Total City

29 Reverse engineering the process of urbanism Urbanism Quality of Total City Ad hoc Community Urbanism Reverse engineering The process of analyzing the construction and operation of a product in order to manufacture a similar one Industrial Past Today

30 Co-creation and user-centered design : the cutting-edge of corporate product strategy

31 The missing link: organized user communities are required

32 Solution: new urbanism incubators in every city study and document existing local urbanisms bring user communities together, or respond to their existing demand manage the innovation process between users, designers, and the industry

33 A new industrial urbanism?: Kronsberg (Hannover) Germany

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37 Business process innovation and project cycle reform are key Product innovation pre design new urbanism solutions through reverse engineering project specific co creation Development control process reform manage risks associated with process change manage risks associated with product innovation Business model innovation share risks associated with process and product innovation

38 Spectrum of city-building approaches Informal Formal Ad hoc Community based (formal/informal) Urbanism (institutional) Urbanism Custom Master Industrial Commodification City Mass production of the City

39 Ad Hoc City Building (planned and unplanned) Informal Formal

40 Spectrum of city-building approaches Informal Formal Ad hoc Community based (formal/informal) Urbanism (institutional) Urbanism Custom Master Industrial Commodification City Mass production of the City

41 Custom master planned city