Akron:'What'Future? "Ed"McMahon" Urban"Land"Ins1tute" October"18,"2017"" "

Transcription

1 Akron:'What'Future? "Ed"McMahon" Urban"Land"Ins1tute" October"18,"2017"" "

2 Akron is a Special Place!

3

4 There two kinds of change: Planned change Unplanned change

5 The best way to predict the future is to create it yourself Abraham Lincoln

6 Growth is About Choices Should we invest downtown? Should we invest on the strip?

7 Design"Around"Cars"="More"Cars"

8 Design"Around"People"="More"People" And"BeFer"Places!"

9 It is about our children

10 It s about balance Conservation is a state of harmony between man and nature. Aldo Leopold

11 It s About Win-Win Solutions Healthy Environment Vigorous Economy Vibrant Community

12 What is Changing? National and global economy Demographics Technology Consumer attitudes & market trends Health care Energy sources & transportation options The weather

13 Employment Changes The US saw a 34% decline in manufacturing jobs between 1990 and During the same period the US saw a 57% increase in professional and business service jobs, and An 81% increase in jobs in education and health services

14 How is the Economy Reshaping America? How we live, work, shop and get around is changing. Communities that plan for the future will prosper. Those that do not will decline.

15 Communities and regions are in a global competition to attract and retain a talented workforce. Increasingly these talented workers are choosing where they want to live first and figuring out their job situations later. CEO s for Cities, Segmentation Study, 2006

16 Economic Development is About Choices Should we try to recruit new industry? Should we try to expand existing businesses?

17 Business Recruitment There are 88 counties in Ohio counties in the US. There are 938 cities & towns in Ohio. 25,375 towns in the US. They are all competing for a small number of new plants, factories or distribution centers.

18 Economic"Development" 20 th %Century%Model% Public"sector"leadership" Shotgun"recruitment"strategy" Low"cost"posi1oning" Cheap"labor" Focus"on"what"you"don t"have" Quality"of"life"unimportant" Driven"by"transac1ons" Key"Infrastructure"="Roads" 21 st %Century%Model% Public/Private"Partnerships" Laser"recruitment"strategy" High"value"posi1oning" Highly"trained"talent"" Focus"on"what"you"do"have" Quality"of"life"cri1cal" Driven"by"an"overall"vision"" Key"Infrastructure"=" Educa1on"

19 The One Big Thing Rarely Works? Convention centers Festival Marketplaces Casinos Aquariums

20 What works today? Successful cities and towns think small in a big way. Roberta Brandes Gratz, author

21 Most New Jobs in Small Businesses Small businesses can locate in historic downtowns. Most economic development incentives go to big businesses HQ, Viking Range Co. Greenville, MS Even in high tech centers like the Research Triangle most jobs are in small businesses. 71% have 50 employees or fewer 42% have 20 employees or fewer Research Triangle Park, Raleigh, NC

22 Most Incentives Go to Big Business New Jersey gave Lockheed Martin $107 million to move 250 employees from Cherry Hill, NJ to Camden, NJ. Lockheed Martin will pay no property taxes on its new building for 10 years. Almost all of the employees will be commuters, creating almost no new jobs for Camden residents.

23 What"Makes"More"Sense?" Subsidies%&%Tax%Breaks%% Pits"one"community"against"another" Moves"economic"ac1vity"around"" Businesses"leave"or"threaten"to" leave"axer"subsidies"run"out" Puts"all"the"eggs"in"one"or"two" baskets" Taxpayers"subsidize"big"business" Great%Place%&%Skilled%Workforce% Creates"las1ng"assets"that"will"pay" dividends"long"axer"ini1al"investment" Helps"exis1ng"businesses" Creates"diverse,"durable"local" economies" Communi1es"invest"in"themselves"

24 Capital"is"Footloose" Foster"Freiss" Jackson"Hole,"Wyoming"

25 Brandywine"Funds"HQ" "Jackson,"WY"

26 Economic Vitals Dimensions of Success Talent Attracting & retaining smart people Innovation - Generating new ideas & turning them into commercial realities Connectivity Creating places where people and ideas can easily connect Distinctiveness/ Place Unique characteristics, a great place

27 Successful"Communi1es"Are"""""""" Dis1nc1ve"Communi1es"

28 Distinctiveness has value! If you can t differentiate your community, you will have no competitive advantage. Sameness is a minus, not a plus, in today s world.

29 The"Dis1nc1ve"City" The"unique"characteris1cs"of"place"may" be"the"only"truly"defensible"source"of" compe11ve"advantage"for"ci1es"&"towns. " " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" Joe"Cortwright,"CEO s"for"ci1es"

30 Community Character Matters! We take stock of a city like we take stock of a man. The clothes or appearance are the externals by which we judge. Mark Twain

31

32

33 COMMUNITY IMAGE IS CRITICAL TO ECONOMIC VITALITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE

34 The Official 2000 Travel Guide Oregon Oregon: Things Look Different Here

35 In"Today s"economy" "Place"MaFers" Product"Driven" Cost"Sensi1ve" Market%Driven% Today s%economy% Knowledge"Driven" Value"Sensi1ve" Place%Driven% Making"the"sneakers" Designing"the"sneakers"

36 Place Matters! New investment is increasingly seeking locations based on quality of place rather than utility of location. Steve McKnight, Vice President Fourth Economy Consultants

37 The Place is becoming more important than the product - NAR

38 Placemaking = Economic Development Town Square - Wausau, WI Economic development is really the result of creating places where people want to be. Mick Cornett, Mayor, Oklahoma City, OK Bricktown Oklahoma City, OK

39 Build an Authentic Sense of Place The link between quality of place and the ability to attract and retain residents & talent is increasingly clear. A strong sense of place must be rooted in authenticity. Trying to copy Portland, Austin, Chicago or other cities is a mistake.

40 "Ci1es"Need"to"Understand"&"Embrace"the" Characteris1cs"that"Dis1nguish"Them" Anchor"ins1tu1ons" A"healthy"downtown" Historic"buildings"" Walkable"neighborhoods" Parks"and"green"space" Arts"and"Culture" Local"shops"and"restaurants" "

41 Anchor Institutions Large institutions, such as universities, hospitals or nonprofit organizations. Anchors are proven economic engines. Some anchor institutions engage with the community Others do not.

42 Healthy"Downtowns" Downtowns"plays"a"decisive"role"as"an"icon." They"are"cri1cal"as"a"connec1ng"point"and" nerve"center"for"a"metro"area." A"key"asset"for"metropolitan"prosperity"

43

44 Companies"Moving"Downtown" A"new"study"by"Smart"Growth"America"and" Cushman"Wakefield"reports"that"500" American"companies"have"either"relocated" to,"expanded,"or"opened"new"offices"in" "in"the" past"5"years." 247"companies"moved"from"suburban"" office"loca1ons"to"downtowns." The"average"Walk"Score"of"old"loca1ons" was"52."the"average"walk"score"of"new" loca1ons"was"88" 5"Fortune"500"companies"that"recently" announced"moves"from"suburban"sites"to" downtowns"are"motorola,%mcdonald s,% MarrioH,%Caterpillar%and%GE.%

45 '''''''''''''''''''Why'Move? To"aFract"&"retain"talented" workers"" To"build"brand"iden1ty"&" corporate"culture" To"support"crea1ve"collabora1on" To"be"closer"to"customers"&" business"partners" To"centralize"opera1ons"

46 Amazon moved 7000 employees into downtown Seattle They moved into 9 new buildings and 2 historic renovations, all in a mixed use neighborhood accessible by car, train, bus, boat, bike or on foot.

47 Frederick, MD

48 Downtown Turnaround In the 1970 s and 1980 s, downtown Frederick was struggling. It had suffered flood damage and disinvestment. In 1991, the City invested $11 million dollars into the Carroll Creek Linear Park. This led to over $500 million in private investment along the Creek. Today Downtown Frederick, MD has 5000 residents and 800 businesses including more than 200 retailers and restaurants, as well as 25 small high tech firms. Frederick City is now the fastest growing incorporated city in Maryland.

49 What is the value of historic buildings, neighborhoods and landscapes?

50

51

52 Economics of Preservation Dozens of studies document that historic preservation is good for the economy. It positively effects: 1. Jobs 2. Property values 3. Tourism 4. Downtown Revitalization 5. Affordable Housing 6. Environmental Impacts Source: Measuring the Economics of Preservation: Recent Findings, ACHP, 2011

53

54

55 Historic Preservation = Economic Development Main Street - Reinvestment on the Rise! $70.03 billion reinvested 131,974 new businesses 583,869 new jobs 267,805 buildings rehabbed Every $1 of public money leveraged $32.56 of private Source: NMSC, 2017

56

57

58

59

60

61 Among cities and towns with no particular recreational appeal, those that preserve the past continue to enjoy tourism. Those that haven t receive almost no tourism at all. Tourists simply won t go to a city or town that has lost its soul. Arthur Frommer

62 Old is New Again Renovation & Redevelopment are not new, but the market is embracing older space with new fervor. Boiler House Offices, Ambler, PA Office space in rehabbed industrial buildings is now demanding rents above new Class A product. Faction Media, Denver, CO Source: Emerging Trends in Real Estate, 2016

63 Derelict Wharf Boston, MA

64 Converse HQ Boston, MA

65 AXer" Starbucks"Headquarters" SeaFle,"WA" Before" Sears"Distribu1on"Center" SeaFle,"WA"

66 AXer" Accident"Fund"Insurance"HQ" Lansing,"MI" Before" OFawa"Street"Power"Plant" Lansing,"MI"

67 Hotel Chains are Reusing Historic Buildings Millennials say that authenticity and interesting are more important than comfortable or predictable in lodging facilities. Fairfield Inn & Suites Keene, NH Millennials also say that they would rather stay in walkable neighborhoods rather than locations that would require a car. Hampton Inn Lexington, VA In many communities, renovated historic hotels have been a driver in larger community revitalization efforts.

68 ''''Covington,'KY':'Dept.'Store'to'Hotel'

69 After Cork Factory Hotel Lancaster, PA Before Abandoned Cork Factory Lancaster, PA

70 ALer% Brewhouse"Inn"&"Suites" Milwaukee,"WI" " Before% Abandoned"Brewery" Milwaukee,"WI"

71 AXer" McMenamins"Hotel" Portland,"OR" Before" Kennedy"Elementary"School" Portland,"OR"

72 Shouldn t"a"hotel"reflect"a"city"and"not"each"other?"

73 Green Space & Property Values The relationship between rising property values and green spaces is well documented. Some studies find as much as a 15 to 30 % increase in the value of properties adjacent to parks and open space.

74 Parks Create Value and Vitality Parks are a key to community revitalization in both big cities and small towns.

75 Cincinna1,"OH"l"Before"

76 Cincinna1,"OH,"l"AXer"

77 ''''''''''Sulphur'Springs,'TX':'Before

78 Sulphur Springs, TX - After

79 '''Sulphur'Springs' 'Parking'Lot'to'Park The"square"features"a"splash"pad," game"tables,"bistro"area,"public" restrooms,"landscaping,"lawn" chairs,"a"giant"chess"set." Sulphur"Springs" "Movie"Night" Sulphur"Springs" "Outdoor"Chess"Set" Town%Square%hosts%300%events%a% year% Ac1vi1es"and"events"include:" movies,"concerts,"farmers"market," car"shows,"weddings,"bike"rallies," beer"&"wine"fes1vals,"relays,"fun" runs,"exercise"classes,"christmas" ac1vi1es,"quilt"shows,"birthday" par1es,"health"fairs,"etc." Named" Most"Improved"Small" Town"in"Texas ""

80 Retail - The Old Paradigm

81 Retail - The New Paradigm The future belongs to main streets, town centers and mixed use development! Strip development is development for the last century!

82 Here is Why: We re overbuilt on the strip E-commerce means fewer and smaller stores Retail are rediscovering cities & downtowns The suburbs are being redesigned Traffic congestion and auto-oriented (i.e. ugly design) are undermining the strip Consumers favor places with character The economy is restructuring the retail landscape

83 We re Overbuilt on the Strip Ten fold increase in retail space from From 4 to 38 square feet per person. US has more than double the retail space per person as Europe. There is now more than 1 billion sq. ft. of vacant retail space (mostly in empty big box stores)

84 Retail space grew 5x faster than retail sales

85 E-Commerce E-commerce is growing 16% a year. 50% of households have an Amazon Prime account. E-commerce means fewer and smaller stores, especially in the suburbs store closings between January and June. 89,000 jobs lost in retail. Credit Suisse predicts 8,800 store closings by end of 2017 Retail accounts for 1/3 of first time jobs in the US

86

87 Consumer"antudes"are"changing"

88 No"new"malls","since" 2006" 300"exis1ng"malls"have" closed" 30%""of"exis1ng"malls"" are"being"reposi1oned" 1"Billion"square"feet"of" vacant"retail"space"

89 Downtown Rockville, MD Mostly demolished in 1970

90 Replaced by Rockville Mall

91 Replaced by Rockville Town Center

92 The Opportunity The New Promised Land?

93 Tear Up Parking Lot, Rebuild Paradise Large, flat, well drained site Major infrastructure in place 4 lane highway frontage, transit ready Saves rural land Committed to mixed use Can turn NIMBY s into YIMBY s 2.8 million acres of greyfields will be available in next 15 years

94 We Can Have This: Spread Out Single Use Drivable Only

95 Or This! Compact Mixed-Use Walk or Drive

96

97 Retailers"Break"the"Old"Rules" Mixed"use"projects"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""Smaller"Footprints" Mul1lstory"buildings"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""Restored"historic"buildings"

98 The Old Paradigm

99 New Paradigm

100 Target - Minneapolis

101 Target - Portland

102 Home Depot New York

103 Walmart Bentonville, AR

104 Waffle Houses Fayetteville, AR Strip Waffle House Located next to Interstate Highway Lots of Parking Single Use Downtown Waffle House Walkable Street No dedicated Parking Mixed use use

105 Mixed Use Waffle House outperforms Strip Waffle House by 15% Source: City of Fayetteville and ISR Working Group September 22, 2011 The downtown, mixed use project also produces: More taxes per acre More jobs per acre More residents per acre More people walking to the restaurant

106 Place Making Dividend People stay longer, come back more often and spend more money in places that attract their affection.

107 Secrets of Successful Communities 1. Develop a shared vision for the future 2. Inventory local and regional assets 3. Build plans around the enhancement of assets 4. Use education, incentives, partnerships, and voluntary initiatives, not just regulation 5. Pick and choose among development proposals 6. Cooperate with neighbors for mutual benefit 7. Protect community character as well as ecology and economics 8. Have strong leaders and committed citizens

108 A"Shared%PubliclPrivate"Sector" Vision% Build"Civic"Capacity"&"Talent" Place% Focus"Regional"Efforts"on"Building"a" Strong%Downtown% Expand"Opportuni1es"for"Lowl Income"Workers" Engage"in"Community"&"Strategic" Planning" Strategically"Leverage"State"Policies"

109 Most Polluted City

110 Model for Community Revitalization

111

112

113

114 Tennessee River Gorge

115 Tennessee"River"Park" The"ini1al"segment"of"the"Tennessee" River"Park"near"the"C.B."Robinson" Bridge"has"become"the"most"loved" and"used"park"in"hamilton"county." More"than"1"million"people"of"all"ages," races"and"economic"status"use"the" park"annually. " The"13"mile"river"walk"has"generated" more"than"$"1"billion"in"private" development"adjacent"to"the"trail. " Source:"City"of"ChaFanooga"

116

117

118 City Hall Suisun City, CA

119

120 Inventory Assets Natural Resources Cultural Resources Human Resources Economic Resources Educational Resources Recreational Resources

121 Sometimes the Assets are Obvious

122

123 Sometimes They Are Not Obvious

124

125 WWII""Torpedo"Factory"

126 "Torpedo"Factory"Arts"Center"

127 Columbus"Riverfront"l"Before"

128 Columbus"Riverfront"l"AXer"

129 Urban"Whitewater"Course" Columbus,"GA"

130 Paducah Flood Wall Before

131 Paducah Flood Wall - After

132 Rapid City, SD - Before

133 Rapid City, SD - After

134 ''''''Downtown'Fort'Worth':'Before

135 Downtown"Fort"Worth"l"AXer"

136 '''''''''''''''Storrs,'CT':'Strip'Mall

137 ''''''''''''''Storrs,'CT':'Downtown

138 '''Abandoned''Hospital' 'Danvers,'MA

139 ''''''Luxury'Condos' 'Danvers,'MA

140 Bethlehem"Steel"Works"

141 Steel"Stacks"Arts"Center"&"Park"

142 "Poughkeepsie"High"Bridge"l"Before"

143 "Poughkeepsie"High"Bridge"l"AXer"

144 Explore Beyond Regulation Education Incentives Partnerships Voluntary Initiatives

145 Why Do We Educate?

146 Why Should We Use Incentives?

147 Development"Incen1ves" Historic"preserva1on"tax"credits" Expedited"permit"review" Property"tax"abatements"or"freezes" Technical"assistance"or"low"cost"design"services" Form"based"codes" Stormwater"credits" Buffer"averaging" Transferable"development"rights" Offlsite"mi1ga1on"

148

149

150 Yazoo"City"l"Before"

151 Yazoo"City"l"AXer"

152 SUCCESSFUL COMMUNITIES PICK AND CHOOSE AMONG DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS

153 Hometown Heroes Never doubt that a small group of committed individuals can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has -Margaret Mead

154 It s Not Always Easy

155 Leadership is important But often unappreciated Apart from sanitation, medicine, education, wine, public order, roads, irrigation, public health and a freshwater system, what have the Romans ever done for us? Monty Python s, Life of Brian

156 A Final Thought Vision counts, but implementation is priceless!

157 Thank You! Ed McMahon Urban Land Institute