Distinguishing landscape disease & insect problems from environmental stresses - Turfgrass
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1 Distinguishing landscape disease & insect problems from environmental stresses - Turfgrass Young-Ki Jo Assistant Professor & Extension Specialist Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology Texas AgriLife Extension IPM Update January 25, 2011 Harris County, Texas
2 Disease Environment Disease Triangle
3 Integrated Turf Health Management Weed Management Insect Management Disease Management AGRONOMICS Fertility * Mowing * Air Flow * Irrigation * Thatch Management * Core Cultivation
4 College Station
5 Crosby
6 Disease management tools Cultural Practices Chemical Applications Host Resistance Biological Control
7 Reality Cultural Practices Chemical Applications Biological Control Host Resistance?
8 Why does grass turn brown? The main reasons for brown grass are adverse weather conditions, excessive wear and improper maintenance
9 Round-up Blight
10
11 Black Layer
12 Management of black layer Do not add sulfur in any forms Do not add organic matter Reduce irrigation input Soil aeration Increase drainage Maximize light and air movement Maintain soil lower ph H2S
13 Chinch bug damage Houston, June 2008
14 Management of chinch bugs Resistant St. Augustine cultivars (Floratam) Avoid excess N Reduce thatch Adequate water Insecticide application before damage is too severe for best results Blissus Insularis
15 Diseases we need to know Large patch Take-all patch Fairy ring Gray leaf spot Leaf spot
16 College Station
17 Wharton, March 2009
18 Management of Fairy Ring Fertilize with nitrogen Spike or core aeration Soil surfactants Extra irrigation for dry areas Preventative/curative fungicide applications for susceptible cultivars Heritage 2 oz Insignia 0.9 oz Prostar oz DMI (triadimefon) provide excellent preventative control of puff-ball fungi in putting greens in the spring (soil temp <55F)
19 Woodlands
20 Blessing
21 Management of Gray leaf spot Avoid fertility with quick-release nitrogen Reduce leaf wetness duration Curative fungicide applications Strobilurin (Heritage, Compass) Thiophanate-methyl (3336) DMI + contact (chlorothalonil, mancozeb)
22 Woodlands, 09/13/2009
23 Fungicide efficacy for foliar leaf spot diseases Best Prostar 3 oz Propiconazole 4 oz Banner MAXX 4 oz Good Heritage 2 oz Insignia 0.9 oz Daconil Ultrex 2.5 oz Eagle 2 oz Headway 3 oz Tartan 2 oz Triton 0.3 oz 26GT 4 oz oz
24 Management Practices for Foliar Diseases Curative fungicide applications Reduce shade Reduce the leaf wetness period Increase fertility level Reduce PGR
25 Discovery green park, Houston
26 Bermudagrass fairway Houston
27 Bryan
28 Management of large patch cultural practices Remove clippings on infected areas Avoid excessive nitrogen applications (quick-release N) in cool weather Improve surface and subsurface drainage Increase light penetration, air circulation for drying of the grass surface Core aeration To increase soil drainage To improve soil oxygen To reduce thatch buildup
29 Fungicides for Large Patch Good Headway 3 oz Disarm 0.5 oz Tartan 2 oz Propiconazole 4 oz Banner MAXX 4 oz Triton 0.3 oz Insignia 0.9 oz Heritage 2 oz Chlorothalonil 3.5 oz Daconil Ultrex 2.5 oz Prostar oz oz
30 Take-all patch Lobed hyphopodia (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis) Hyphopodia: Specialized, usually flattened hyphae of an epiphytic fungus, for attachment to or penetration of a host Unlobed hyphopodia (G. graminis var. avenae)
31 Management of take-all patch cultural practices Fertilize with acidifying fertilizers (ammonium nitrate/sulfate) to maintain a soil ph below 7 Control thatch accumulation by core aeration, topdressing, and verticutting Micronutrient amendment: Manganese (2 Ib/acre) in fall and spring Avoid excessive irrigation and nitrogen
32 Management of take-all patch chemical practices Preventative application: late fall or early spring Azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin DMIs (Banner Maxx, Eagle, Rubigan, Bayleton) Benzimidazole (3336) High volume (>3 gal/m) of water or posttreatment irrigation (1/4 inch)
33 Disease Management Cultural practices to reduce stress on turfgrass Proper irrigation Balanced fertility Improve soil drainage Thatch management Proper fungicide program Correct diagnostics Consult professionals plantclinic.tamu.edu
34 Questions?
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HEADWAY MAXX Turf Fungicide APVMA Approved (verbal) 27 October 2009 Page 1 of 6 5 L booklet/label format booklet. 104 g/l PROPICONAZOLE
Page 1 of 6 CAUTION KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN READ SAFETY DIRECTIONS BEFORE OPENING OR USING Headway MAXX Turf Fungicide ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS: 62 g/l AZOXYSTROBIN 104 g/l PROPICONAZOLE GROUP 3 11 FUNGICIDE