CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT REPORT BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES & CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES

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2 CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT REPORT BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES & CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES MAIN STREET MARKHAM CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FROM HIGHWAY 407 TO FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY May 2010 Prepared for: McCormick Rankin Corporation Prepared by: UNTERMAN McPHAIL ASSOCIATES HERITAGE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT CONSULTANTS

3 CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT REPORT BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES & CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES MAIN STREET MARKHAM CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FROM HIGHWAY 407 TO FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY May 2010 Prepared for: McCormack Rankin Corporation 2655 North Sheridan Way, Mississauga, ON., L5K 2P8 Prepared by: 540 Runnymede Road Toronto, ON, M6S 2Z7 Tel:

4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose of Report ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT & CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES Ontario Environmental Assessment Act Municipal Class Environmental Assessments Ontario Heritage Act Ministry of Tourism and Culture ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction Public Consultation and Recognition HISTORICAL SUMMARY 4.1 Markham Township Markham Village and Vinegar Hill Mount Joy DESCRiPTION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES Description of the Existing Environment Description of Identified Cultural Heritage Resources CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT MITIGATION RECOMMENDATIONS Introduction Direct Impacts Indirect Impacts 45 SOURCES APPENDIX A: Historical Maps APPENDIX B: Map of the Village of Markham HCD Boundaries.

5 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Table 2. Identified Cultural Heritage Landscapes (CHL) and Built Heritage Resources (BHR) within and adjacent to the Main Street Markham Preferred Alternatives: Highway 407 to the Future Donald Cousens Parkway. Page Potential Impacts for the Main Street Markham Preferred Alternatives LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3: Figure 4: Figure 5: Figure 6: Figure 7: Map of the Main Street Markham Study Area, Town of Markham, Ontario. Delineated Boundary of the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District. 10 Identified Cultural Heritage Resources located within and adjacent the Main Street Markham Preferred Alternatives Corridor: South of Highway 407 to Highway 7 [McCormick Rankin Corporation as modified by Unterman McPhail Associates, 2010]. 39 Identified Cultural Heritage Resources located within and adjacent the Main Street Markham Preferred Alternatives Corridor: Highway 7 to the GO Transit Stouffville Line [McCormick Rankin Corporation as modified by Unterman McPhail Associates, 2010]. 39 Identified Cultural Heritage Resources located within and adjacent the Main Street Markham Preferred Alternatives Corridor: GO Transit Stouffville Line to 16 th Avenue [McCormick Rankin Corporation as modified by Unterman McPhail Associates, 2010]. 40 Identified Cultural Heritage Resources located within and adjacent the Main Street Markham Preferred Alternatives Corridor: 16 th Avenue to Bur Oak Avenue {McCormick Rankin Corporation as modified by Unterman McPhail Associates, 2010]. 40 Identified Cultural Heritage Resources located within and adjacent the Main Street Markham Preferred Alternatives Corridor: North of Bur Oak Avenue to North of Major Mackenzie Drive [McCormick Rankin Corporation as modified by, 2010]. 41

6 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page INTRODUCTION McCormick Rankin Corporation retained, Heritage Resource Management Consultants, to address cultural heritage landscape and built heritage resource issues for the Class Environmental Assessment for Main Street Markham from Highway 407 to the future Donald Cousens Parkwa. The roadway referred to as Main Street Markham (between Highway 407 and 16 Avenue and Highway 48 (north of 16 th Avenue to the future Donald Cousens Parkway) is a northsouth transportation route in the Town of Markham. Main Street Markham is two lanes between Highway 407 and Highway 7; four lanes from Highway 7 to 16 th Avenue, which is Markham Village; and two lanes north of 16 th Avenue. The four lanes in the Markham Village accommodates on street parking, therefore it generally functions as a two-lane road. STUDY AREA Figure 1. Map of the Main Street Markham Study Area, Town of Markham, Ontario [Source MRC, May 2010

7 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 2 As a result of the findings of the Town of Markham Transportation Planning Study (2002), the Main Street Markham Streetscape and Traffic Management Study (2003), Highway 48 Urban Design Study-16 continued development in east Markham, the Town of Markham identified the need to address the overall transportation requirements along the corridor of Main Street Markham. The Class Environmental Assessment for Main Street Markham from Highway 407 to the future Donald Cousens Parkway is addressing this need. This study will identify the problemlopportunities; assess the alternative solutions and preliminary design concepts to address the potential environmental effects of the project. It is being conducted in compliance with Schedule C of the Municipal Class Environmental Assessment (2007). th Avenue to Major Mackenzie Drive (2005), and The preliminary findings of the cultural heritage resources in the study area were presented in a draft interim report (March 2008). The principal objectives of this Cultural Heritage Assessment Report are: o to prepare an historical summary of the development of the study area through the review of both primary and secondary sources as well as historical mapping; o to conduct a survey of the preferred alternatives for Main Street Markham, identify the built heritage resources and cultural heritage landscapes found within and adjacent the study area, including one pre-1968 bridge; o to identify sensitivities for change; and, o to make general mitigation recommendations respecting the proposed endeavour. A description of the identified cultural heritage resources including built heritage resources and cultural heritage landscapes is contained in Table 1. Resources are listed across the study area from south to north. The location of the resources is mapped in Figure 2. Historical maps are included in Appendix A. 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS & CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES The need for the identification, evaluation, management and conservation of Ontario s heritage is acknowledged as an essential component of environmental assessment and municipal planning in Ontario. For the most part, the analysis of cultural heritage resources in the study area addresses those aboveground, person-made heritage resources 40 years of age and old. The application of this rolling forty year principle is an accepted federal and provincial practice for the preliminary identification of cultural heritage resources that may be of heritage interest or value. Its application does not imply however that all built heritage resources or cultural heritage landscapes that are over forty years old are worthy of the same levels of protection or preservation. May 2010

8 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page Ontario Environmental Assessment Act (EAA) Environmental assessments are undertaken under the Ontario Environmental Assessment Act. The EAA provides for the protection, conservation and wise management of Ontario s environment. It defines environment in a broad sense that includes natural, social, cultural, economic and built environments. This broad definition of the environment makes the assessment of the impact of the undertaking on cultural heritage resources part of the standard environmental assessment process in Ontario. Environmental assessments made under the EAA therefore assess and address the impact of the undertaking on cultural heritage resources. The analysis throughout the study process addresses that part of the Environmental Assessment Act, subsection 1(c), which defines environment to include:...cultural conditions that influence the life of humans or a community ; as well as, any building, structure, machine or other device or thing made by humans. Road widening and improvements may potentially affect cultural heritage resources in a number of ways. The effects may include displacement through removal or demolition and/or disruption by the introduction of physical, visual, audible or atmospheric elements that are not in keeping with the character of the cultural heritage resources and, or their setting Municipal Class Environmental Assessment (MCEA) The Municipal Class Environmental Assessment (October 2000, as amended 2007) outlines a procedure whereby municipalities can comply with the requirements of the Environmental Assessment Act. It identifies potential positive and negative effects of projects such as road improvements and facility expansions or projects to facilitate a new service. The process includes an evaluation of impacts on the natural and social environment including culture. The Municipal Class EA applies to municipal infrastructure projects including roads, water and wastewater projects. Since projects undertaken by municipalities can vary in their environmental impact, such projects are classified in terms of schedules. Schedule A generally includes normal or emergency operational and maintenance activities where the environmental effects of these activities are usually minimal, and therefore these projects are pre-approved. A Schedule A+ activity is pre-approved by the Ministry of the Environment, and therefore work can proceed upon public notification of the project. Schedule B generally includes improvements and minor expansions to existing facilities where there is the potential for some adverse environmental impacts and therefore, the municipality is required to I May 2010

9 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 4 proceed through a screening process including consultation with those who may be affected and Schedule C generally includes the construction of new facilities and major expansions to existing facilities, and these projects proceed through a five phased environmental assessment planning process. 2.2 Ontario Heritage Act (OHA) The OHA gives the Ontario Ministry of Culture the responsibility for the conservation, protection and preservation of Ontario s culture heritage resources. Section 2 of the Ontario Heritage Act (OHA) charges the Minister with the responsibility to,...determine policies, priorities and programs for the conservation, protection and preservation of the heritage of Ontario. The Ministry of Culture describes heritage buildings and structures, cultural heritage landscapes and archaeological resources as cultural heritage resources. Since cultural heritage resources may be impacted adversely by both public and private land development, it is incumbent upon planning and approval authorities to consider heritage resources when making planning decisions. Heritage attributes, in relation to a property, are defined in the OHA as the attributes of the property that cause it to have cultural heritage value or interest. Part IV of the OHA enables municipalities to list, and to designate by by-law properties of cultural value or interest after consultation with its municipal advisory committee, if one is appointed. Under OHA subsection 27 (1), the municipal clerk is required to keep a current register of properties of cultural heritage value or interest located in their municipality. The municipal register must include all properties designated under Part IV of the OHA by the municipality or by the Minister of Culture. Municipal designation of heritage resources under Part IV the OHA publicly recognizes and promotes awareness of heritage properties, provides a process for ensuring that changes to a heritage property are appropriately managed and that these changes respect the property s heritage value. This includes protection from demolition. Once a property has been designated and notice has been given to the Ontario Heritage Trust, the property is then listed on the provincial register of heritage properties. The alteration process under the OHA section 33 helps to ensure the heritage attributes of a designated property, and therefore its heritage value, are conserved. If an owner of a designated property wishes to make alterations to the property that affects the property s heritage attributes, the owner must obtain written consent from the council. This applies not only to the alteration of the buildings or structures but also to alterations of other aspects of the designated property, such as landscape features or natural features, which have been identified as heritage attributes. I May 2010

10 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 5 The OHA subsection 27 (1.2) also allows a property that is not designated, but considered to be of cultural heritage interest or value by the municipal council, to be placed on the register. This is commonly referred to as listing. In many cases, listed (non-designated properties) are candidates for designation protection under OHA section 29. Once a property is listed under the OHA, any application to demolish the building on a listed property is delayed for 60 days under OHA 27(3). 2.3 Ministry of Tourism and Culture The Minister of Tourism and Culture (MTC), formerly the Ministry of Culture, is responsible for the administration of the Ontario Heritage Act and is responsible for determining policies, priorities and programs for the conservation, protection and preservation of Ontario s heritage, which includes cultural heritage landscapes, built heritage and archaeological resources. MTC guidelines assist in the assessment of cultural heritage resources as part of an environmental assessment. They are, Guideline for Preparing the Cultural Heritage Resource Component of Environmental Assessments (October 1992), and, Guidelines on the Man-Made Heritage Component of Environmental Assessments (1980). The Guidelines on the Man-Made Heritage Component of Environmental Assessments state: When speaking of man-made heritage we are concerned with works of man and the effects of his activities in the environment rather than with moveable human artifacts or those environments that are natural and completely undisturbed by man. The guidelines state one may distinguish broadly between two basic ways of visually experiencing cultural heritage resources in the environment, that is, as cultural heritage landscapes and as built heritage. Cultural heritage landscapes are a geographical area perceived as a collection of individual person-made built heritage resources set into a whole such as historical settlements, farm complexes, waterscapes, roadscapes, railways, etc. They emphasize the interrelationship of people and the natural environment and convey information about the processes and activities that have shaped a community. Cultural heritage landscapes may be organically evolved landscapes as opposed to designed landscapes. Some are continuing landscapes, which maintain the historic use and continue to evolve, while others are relict landscapes where the evolutionary process has come to an end but important landscape or built heritage resources from its historic use are still visible. Built heritage comprises individual, person-made or modified, parts of a cultural heritage landscape such as buildings or structures of various types including, but not limited to, cemeteries, planting and landscaping structures, etc. May 2010

11 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 6 The guidelines also describe the attributes necessary for the identification and evaluation of any discrete aggregation of person-made features or cultural heritage landscapes and the attributes necessary for the identification and evaluation of built heritage resources. 3.0 ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY 3.1 Methodology For the purposes of this built heritage resource and cultural heritage landscape assessment undertook the following tasks: the identification of major historical themes and activities of the study corridor through historical research and a review of topographical and historic mapping; the identification of associated built heritage resources and cultural heritage landscapes within the study area through maj or historical themes and activities and historic mapping; and, a desktop analysis of the study area and preparation of a map identifying sensitivities for change to built heritage resources and cultural. undertook a desktop study corridor using inventory and designation material supplied by the Town of Markham in A field survey of the Preferred Alternatives along Main Street was completed in March Public Consultation and Recognition The Town of Markham was consulted in 2008 in regard to built heritage resources or cultural heritage landscapes sensitivities within the study corridor that are either listed on a municipal heritage register or designated under the Ontario Heritage Act. The information reviewed included the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District (HCD), for the area north of the HCD along Highway 48 in the study corridor, the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Plan, 1991 and the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Plan, Revised Building ClassijIcation, 2006, and review of the Town s municipal inventory. Further consultation with the Town of Markham was undertaken in March I May 2010

12 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 4.1 Markham Township The area comprising Markham Township was assumed by the British government in 1787 from the Mississaugas as part of the Toronto Purchase. The survey of Markham Township was initiated in 1793 for the Berczy settlement, but only a partial survey was completed by The survey of the eastern part of Markham was not completed until The survey fronted all of the lots onto Yonge Street. Each concession contained 35 lots and the township was originally almost square in shape. Ten concessions running north and south were divided by six sideroads, 11/4 miles apart, running east and west between Yonge Street and the Pickering Townline, Each lot in a concession was 200 acres in size. The two phase survey resulted in the mismatching of the east/west sideroads in the eastern portion of Markham. The 11th Concession formed a partial concession on the eastern boundary with Pickering Township. Clergy Reserve Land in Markham was located away from Yonge Street. William Berczy acquired a free land grant of 64,000 acres in Markham Township in 1794 and established the first settlement at German Mills. The settlers were Pennsylvanian German from the United States. By 1798 the majority of the settlers were located on the surveyed lots along Yonge Street in the settlement at German Mills. The Comte de Puisaye settlement of French émigrés was established north on Yonge Street in A second wave of settlers comprising Pennsylvania Germans, including Mennonites, Lutherans and Brethern in Christ from the United States arrived in 1803 to They entered the eastern section of the township via the Rouge River, and settled along the river trail from Cedar Grove in the south to Milneville in the north including areas in concessions 8, 9, 10 and 11. Others settled along the Pickering Townline and later generations spilled over the townline into Scarborough and Pickering Townships. The Reesor family came north in 1804 and became one of Markham Township s more prominent settlement families. In the 1 820s, British settlers arrived in Markham with some Americans. They settled throughout the township. Land was rapidly cleared and given over to farming and the development of agricultural-based industries. Water-powered saw and grist mills, and later woolen mills were established on the many rivers and streams in the Township and small settlements, such as Reesorville or Markham Village, which grew up around the industries. By 1857, most of the Township had been cleared and was under agricultural cultivation. Villages like Markham continued to grow with new industries such as wagon works, tanneries, and farm implement and furniture factories. By 1860, Markham Township was fully occupied with well established and prosperous farms. The Mennonite community in the southeast corner of Markham had spread out into Scarborough and Pickering and through the southeast corner of Markham Township. The population of the township in 1871 was 8,152 people. Several communities incorporated in the 1870s May 2010

13 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 8 To of Markham, Ontario including Markham Village in 1873, decreasing the township population for Toronto and Nipissing Railway was opened in 1871 with a station in Markham Village. The Illustrated Historical Atlas (1878) shows a well-established agricultural landscape dotted with hamlets, villages such as Markham, a grid pattern of local roads, and lands traversed by the Rouge River and its tributaries. In the 20 th century, the township declined economically along with the population in the first half of this period. After World War II, Markham, which had been heavily industrialized by the war effort, began to feel the effects of urban encroachment from Toronto due to the post-war baby boom and an influx of immigrants. With improved transportation routes and a growing population, urbanization transformed areas of the township into a commuter community, while maintaining its rural land in other areas. By 1969, the Township of Markham consisted of several villages, including Markham, Unionville, and parts of Thomhill. The Regional Municipality of York was established in 1971 and northern sections of Markham Township were annexed to Richmond Hill and Whitchurch-Stouffville, and the balance of Markham Township was incorporated in the present Town of Markham. The introduction of Highway 404 in the mid-1970s, and Highway 407 in the early 21st century further accelerated the urban development of Markham. The township population increased substantially in the last two decades of the 20 th century and into the present century, as the town changed from a commuter community to a self-sustaining town with new industry and commercial ventures. 4.2 Markham Village and Vinegar Hill The first settlers in the area of Highway 7 and Main Street included Henry Lichte on Lot 11, Concession 8 and Joseph Reesor (1814) who acquired Lot 11, Concession 8, north of Highway 7; and, Daniel Herreck (1804) on Lot 10, Concession 7 and Nicholas and brother Michael Miller, who built a mill on Lot 9, Concession 7, both south of Highway 7. Reesor named the crossroads hamlet Mannheim, but it soon became known as Reesorville. Abraham Reesor settled to the south on Lot 8, Concession 8. A post office was opened in 1829 in a small house south of Highway 7 (No. 52 Main Street South). William Robson bought Lot 11, Concession 7, which had been a Crown Reserve, in 1836 and later sold off its frontage as one-half acre lots of land, thus establishing the crossroads settlement north of Highway 7 on Main Street. Early industry in the village was located on the Rouge River, which crosses Main Street south of Highway 7. Peter and Alexander Milne bought the sawmill and gristmill owned by the Millers on Lot 9, Concession 7 in Peter operated a general store while Alexander Milne ran the mills. William Robinson established a tannery north of the crossroads on Lot 14, Concession 8, and in 1832, bought Lots 12 and 13, Concession 8 History of Toronto and County of York,Ontario (Toronto: Ont.: C. Blackett Robinson, 1885) 121. I May 2010

14 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 9 and then in 1832, Lot 12, Concession 7 where he built a second tannery. Other industrialists included William Morgan who arrived in 1832 and established a farm implements manufacture business. Blacksmith Henry Wales opened a wagon and carriage building business on Lot 12, Concession 8, which became known as the Phoenix Carriage Works. Thomas Speight opened a wagon factory in the 1830s, which became Speight Works. Son James Speight, who served as the first Reeve of Markham Village, built a residence on Main Street (No. 48 North) in Numerous residences were built on Main Street such as the William Browing house c1845 (No. 140 Main Street North). By 1846, Markham Village, or Reesorville, was described in Smith s Canadian Gazetteer as having been settled by Canadian, Pennsylvanian Dutch, Germans, Americans, Irish and a few English and Scotch. It had two churches, Presbyterian and Methodist, and an Episcopal church under construction, a physician, grist and oatmeal mills, woolen factory, five stores, one distillery, a brewery, a tannery, pump and fanning mill maker, a cabinet and threshing machine maker, two taverns, four blacksmiths, five wagon makers, four tailors, four shoemakers, a foundry and a tinsmith. The population was about 300 people. 2 The area on Main Street Markham south of Highway 7 became known as Vinegar Hill. Two local stories accounts of the derivation of the name are told. One is that the local Irish family of Baker named the area for their home in Ireland. The other recounts how local coopers held a race competition on Good Friday with filled barrels with vinegar that they rolled from south of Mill Street, down the steep track, in order to determine whose barrels would run in the straightest line, and therefore who made the truest and best barrel. 3 Markham Village continued to thrive and grow in the mid 19 th century. Gradually, the businesses and houses spread northward from Vinegar Hill and Highway 7 along Main Street North. St. Andrew s Methodist Church was built on Main Street (No. 32 Main Street North) in With the opening of the Toronto and Nipissing Railway in 1871, the village spread even further north towards 16 th Avenue. A railway station was built c1871 on Main Street (No North). In May 1872, a fire destroyed numerous buildings on Main Street, thus raising the discussion of incorporation in order for the citizens to levy taxes to support a local fire brigade and finance improvements to the village. Markham Village was incorporated by bylaw in November 1872, and the bylaw was put into effect on January 1, In the late 1870s, Markham Village was described as being pleasantly situated and, in approaching it from by the road from the south, one observes more than ordinary natural beauty. contained in Appendix A. Due to its thriving industries, the village became known as the Birmingham of Ontario. 5 4 The Plan of Markham Village in 1878 is 2Wm H. Smith, Smith s Canadian Gazetteer (Toronto: H. & W. Rowsell, 1846) 110. Markham Village B.I.A. Our Street...A History of Markham Village. Historical Atlas of the County of York (Toronto: Myles & Co., 1878). Isabel Champion, Markham (Markham Historical Society, 1979) 259. May 2010

15 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 10 In 1885, Markham was described as a considerable village, containing between eight and nine hundred inhabitants, pleasantly situated on the Rouge River. It contained two gristmills, a woolen factory, oatmeal factory, barley mill and distillery, foundry, two tanneries, a brewery, a temperance hail, four churches, a high school, and the home of the well-known weekly journal, the Markham Economist. Its population in 1881 was 954 people. Street in 1882 (No. 96 Main Street North). 6 The Markham Town Hall, which held a jail and a pool hail, was built on Main In the early 20 th century, increased communication access to Toronto led to a general decline in the village. Local industries were unable to compete with the manufacturers and suppliers of larger centres such as Toronto. After World War II, the economic fortunes of the village began to improve rapidly as the area around it expanded as a commuter community. The rural character of the village began to change as its economic fortunes improved. In order to preserve its historical character of the village area the Town of Markham approved the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Plan, 1991 and the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Plan, Revised Building Classification, Mount Joy Located between the CN railway tracks on Main Street and to the north of i6 Avenue, this small community was established in the 19 th century. The Abraham Ramer family bought Lot 15, Concession 8 as well as Lot 14, Concession 7 and named the farm Mount Joy. Abraham Byer Ramer built a house on the Line in c1848 and operated a cabinet and furniture making shop to the north of the house. The Ramers operated a sawmill at Mount Joy from 1842 onwards on Lot 14, Concession 7. The Markham Township map in the Illustrated Historical Atlas (1878) shows a pottery manufactory on Lot 16, Concession 7, Jacob Wismer s implement factory on Lot 15, Concession 7, and several houses. The United Missionary Manse was built in 1877 by contractor David Meyer as the residence of the local minister of the first United Missionary Church in Markham Village (Appendix A). The Mount Joy General Store was built ci 892 by Aretus Urmy. A post office was established in 1907 with George Rodd as postmaster and for many years it was located in the general store. It closed in The first Mount Joy School located on Lot 15 was built in A new one-storey brick school was built on Lot 17, Concession 8 in The two-storey brick schoolhouse, now the site of the Markham Museum, replaced it in The Town, Markham Historical Society and the Markham Lions Club opened the Markham Museum on a 25-acre site at Mount Joy in The Markham Heritage Estates was established in the late 1980s to the west of the Museum. Modern redevelopment has occurred at the intersection of 16 th Avenue and Main Street. I 6Histoiy of Toronto and County of York, 198, 199. May 2010

16 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page DESCRIPTION OF THE CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES For the purposes of built heritage and cultural heritage landscape identification, this section provides a brief description of the existing environment of the study corridor for Main Street Markham, in the Town of Markham. 5.1 Description of the Existing Environment Main Street Markham extends from Highway 407 in the south to 16 Avenue in the north. Main Street relates to the original survey of the Township of Markham as the road allowance between Concessions 7 and 8. To the north of Highway 407 is the southern boundary of the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District (HCD). The HCD boundaries stretch north to 16 Avenue (Appendix B). Main Street Markham passes the former hamlet of Vinegar Hill to the south of Highway 7, the historic core of Markham Village north of Highway 7 and the hamlet of Mount Joy at 16 Avenue. Main Street Markham is a north-south transportation route comprising two lanes between Highway 407 and Highway 7 and four lanes from Highway 7 to 16 Avenue, and two lanes north of 16 Avenue. The four lanes in the Markham Village area accommodates on street parking, therefore it generally functions as a two lane road. t1 th th From Highway 407 north through Vinegar Hill to Highway 7 the study corridor is characterized by modern commercial and residential development and the natural environment in regard to the open space associated with the Rouge River Valley. The community represents the oldest section of the Markham Village HCD, settled in the early 19 century. Vinegar Hill includes an early street pattern at Rouge Street and Princess Street, and is the site of earlier crossings of the Rouge River and early saw and grist mills sites. Main Street is a two-lane paved roadway through Vinegar Hill with a posted speed limit of 50 km/h. A sidewalk parallels the road on the east side while a single pole hydro line extends along the west. The road provides access to the local road network of Vinegar Hill. The Vinegar Hill residential area extends on both sides of Main Street South from the top of the hill to the Rouge River valley. No. 53 is designated individually (see Site #5) and No. 2 Fisher Court and Nos. 49, 88 and 89 Main Street South classified as Type A Buildings, of major importance to the HCD. The First Markham Post Office was opened by James Johnson in 1829 in 53 Main Street South. Main Street crosses the Rouge River to the south of Highway 7. The bridge is a threespan concrete girder bridge that replaced an earlier bridge washed out by Hurricane Hazel in Old Markham Village is located on both sides of Main Street between the historic Robinson Creek to the west and Bramble Creek to the east. From Highway 7 north through old Markham Village, the streetscape on both sides of Main Street is characterized by numerous 19 and early century buildings and modern infill, th th th th May 2010

17 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 12 principally commercial in use, with some residential. Markham Village is the largest of the three sub-areas of the Markham Village HCD. It features two-storey vernacular style commercial buildings. Several buildings within the village are individually designated and many more are classified as Type A structures, of major importance to the HCD. Residential development comprising a mixture of 19 th century and 20 th century housing characterizes Main Street from the CN Railway line north to just south of 16 th Avenue, which is known as Mount Joy. From the railway station northward to 16 th Avenue is the former hamlet of Mount Joy, which has been largely redeveloped. Within the community of Mount Joy the paved roadway of Main Street has four traffic lanes, two northbound and two southbound lanes and a posted speed limit of 50 km/hr. There is no on street parking. Sidewalks and a narrow boulevard are located on both sides of the roadway. A single pole hydro line parallels the road to the west. The Markham Museum is located on the west side of Main Street north of 16 th Avenue with the Mount Joy schoolhouse as the headquarters. The Museum is currently undergoing an expansion. The Markham Heritage Estates was established in the late 1980s to the west of the Museum off 16 th Avenue. The four corners of the intersection of Main Street and 16 th Avenue were redeveloped in the latter part of the 20 th century. A few buildings associated with Mount Joy are located south of 16 th Avenue on Main Street including the United Missionary Manse (1877) at 322 Main Street North, the Mount Joy General Store (1892) at 266 Main Street North, and the former Markham Village Train Station at 214 Main Street North, all municipally designated under the Ontario Heritage Act. North of 16 th Avenue on Main Street, commonly known as Highway 48, are the Mount Joy Schoolhouse, now the site of the Markham Museum and residences including the Albert Wideman Residence at 9506 Highway 48, the Meimo Raymer Residence at 9494 Highway 48 North of 16 th Avenue, the road remains known as Highway 48 and it was previously under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Transportation between 16 t1i Avenue and Major Mackenzie Drive. The posted speed limit is 50 km/hr. south of Major Mackenzie Drive and 80 km/hr. to the north. There are no sidewalks beside the two-lane paved roadway. North of Mount Joy to Major Mackenzie Drive, there are a few 19 th century farmhouses and a farm complex are located alongside Highway 48, testimony to the former rural agricultural character of the landscape. They include the ci 840 William Read Residence at 9899 Highway 48, the c1860 William Clarry Residence at 9900 Highway 48, the 19 th century Andrew Wideman Residence at Highway 48, the late century farmhouse at Highway 48 and the John Koch House/formerly the Jacob Wideman House at Highway 48 was built in the mid-1800s, all municipally listed on the Town of Markham s Register of Property of Cultural Heritage Value or Interest. South of Major Mackenzie Drive there is commercial development on both sides of Highway 48. I May 2010

18 Buildings Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page Description of Identified Cultural Heritage Landscape and Built Heritage Resources Within the Study Area identified principal cultural heritage landscapes and aboveground, built heritage resources older than 40 years within and adjacent to the Preferred Alternative for the Main Street Markham corridor. Several properties are municipally listed or designated under the Ontario Heritage Act. There is one municipally designated heritage conservation district. There are no federally or provincially recognized properties within the study area. The Markham Heritage Conservation District study area comprises a sizeable section of the study corridor. It includes Main Street North from 16 th Avenue to Highway 7 and Main Street South from Highway 7 to Highway 407. This area is deemed to be very sensitive to change. The HCD area is designated under Part V of the Ontario Heritage Act. Within the HCD there are eleven (11) individual properties designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act. Included within the district is a crossing of the Rouge River, which is managed under the Rouge North Management Plan. The Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Plan Revised Building Classifications (Approved by Council January 17, 2006) provides the following four classes of buildings within the HCD: H - A - B - C - Properties individually designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act. Building of architectural and historical value that give the main heritage character to the district. Buildings of contextual value that support the heritage character of the district but are not considered to be of heritage significance themselves. Buildings that do not relate to the heritage character of the district. According to Appendix B of the document Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Revised Building Classification (January 17, 2006), Main Street North and South within the HCD have fifty-five (55) Class A Building(s) of architectural and historical value that give the main heritage character to the district. The HCD contains thirteen (13) Class B of contextual value that support the heritage character of the district, but they are not considered to be of heritage significance themselves. Within the study corridor there are a significant number of listed and designated cultural heritage resources. Under provisions of the new Ontario Heritage Act these resources are provided with greater statutory protection where change may occur. There are eleven (11) individual properties municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act within the HCD and located on Main Street. They are: o o o 53 Main Street South (Vinegar Hill Area); 12 Main Street North (Markham Village); Main Street North (Markham Village); I May 2010

19 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 14 o o o o o o o o 48 Main Street North (Markham Village); 96 Main Street North (Markham Village); Main Street North (Markham Village); 144 Main Street North (Markham Village); 159 Main Street North (Markham Village); Main Street North (Mount Joy Area Village); 266 Main Street North (Mount Joy Area); and, 322 Main Street North (Mount Joy Area). Outside of the northern boundary of the HCD, there are four (4) properties located on Highway 48, which are municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act. They are: o 9404 Highway 48, Ramer-Wambolt House; o 9506 Highway 48, Albert-Wideman House; o 9900 Highway 48; and, o 9899 Highway 48. Nos. 9404, 9506 and 9900 Highway 48 are located on lands subject to a rezoning application. It is the intention of the Town of Markham to either incorporate, relocate on site or retain the buildings as part of a commercial development. I May 2010

20 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AN]) ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PRE1ERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Page 15 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 1. BHR Residence No. 33 Rougehaven Way, Delos Crosby House Town of Markham One and-a-half storey vernacular styled residence dating to ci 860. Notable features include symmetrical arrangement of door and window openings, centre gable, one-storey verandah and dichromatic brickwork. Listed on the Town of Markham s Register of Property of Cultural Heritage Value or Interest. The building was relocated from 8100 Markham Road as part of the construction of Highway 407 and incorporated into a housing development. May 2010

21 May 2010 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 16 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AN]) BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITIIIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 2. CHL Hamlet Vinegar Hill Vinegar Hill Main Street South from The community represents the oldest James Scott Road to section of the Markham Village Highway 7, Town of HCD, settled in the early l9 Markham century. The residential area extends on both sides of Main Street South from the top of the hill to the Rouge River valley. No. 53 is designated individually (see Site #5) and No. 2 Fisher Court and Nos. 49, 88 and 89 Main Street South classified as Type A Buildings, of major importance to the HCD. View south along Main Street South towards the Rouge River Bridge within Vinegar Hill. Municipally designated under Part V of the Ontario Heritage Act as part of the Markham Village HCD (Bylaw #120-90). I

22 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AN]) ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Page 17 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource Resource Type 3. CHL Roadscape 4. BHR Bridge Location Vinegar Hill James Scott Road to Highway 7, Town of Markham Vinegar Hill Main Street South at the Rouge River. Town of Markham Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials Main Street South Main Street relates to the original survey of the Township of Markham as the road allowance between Concessions 7 and 8. It is a two-lane paved roadway through Vinegar Hill with a posted speed limit of 50 km/h. A sidewalk parallels the road on the east side while a single pole hydro line extends along the west. The road provides access to the local road network of Vinegar Hill. Rouge River Bridge Three-span concrete girder bridge over the Rouge River. The concrete end posts feature linear detailing. The original railing system has been replaced with a parapet railing with two steel rails. The current structure replaces an earlier bridge washed out by Hurricane Hazel in 1954; designed unknown but possibly the Region of York or the Department of Highways Ontario. The Town of Markham owns the bridge. Vk north along Main Street. towards the Rouge River Bridge within Vinegar Hill. IL View northwest from Mill Street to the Rouge River Bridge. May 2010

23 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 18 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITIUN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 5. BHR Residence Vinegar Hill 53 Main Street South (Part Lot 9, Concession 8) Town of Markham The First Markham Post Office One and-a-half storey frame vernacular residence. James Johnson opened the first Markham post office in the house in Notable features include the low-pitch side gable roof and five bay west (front) elevation with central entranceway with sidelights and transom lights and two windows to either side, some with 12 over 12 lights. The verandah on the west (front) wall of the residence is not depicted in an historic photograph of the building. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw #211-79). I May 2010

24 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITIUN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Page 19 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 6. View depicts CHL Hamlet Markham Village Markham Village Main Street North from Markham Village is the largest of the Highway 7, Town of three sub-areas of the Markham Markham Village HCD. It consists of a commercial area that extends along both sides of the Main Street and features two-storey vernacular style commercial buildings. Several buildings within the village are.... individually designated and many. more are classified as Type A structures, of major importance to the HCD. Municipally designated under Part V of the Ontario Heritage Act as part of the Markham Village HCD (Bylaw #120-90). south a ong Main Street North the commercial core of the vi llage. May 2010

25 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Page 20 May 2010 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 7. CHL Roadscape Markham Village Main Street North Main Street North from Main Street relates to the original Highway 7, Town of survey of the Township of Markham Markham as the road allowance between Concessions 7 and 8. Within the Village of Markham the paved roadway has two traffic lanes with on street parking to either side. The posted speed limit is 50 km/h. Sidewalks extend on both sides of the street. The well-travelled roadway has several signalized intersections. 8. BHR Residence Markham Village 12 Main Street North, Town of Markham The Thomas Speight House The frame residence, clad in board and batten siding dates to the I 870s. The building employs a range of decorative wood detailing, such as vergeboard and collar beam. The Speight family operated a large wagon manufactory on adjacent property to the north. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw #211-79). View south along Main Street North in the Village of Markham shows the travel lanes and on street parking. The Thomas Speight House has been converted to commercial use. I

26 May 2010 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 21 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 9. Constructed. BHR Residence Markham Village David Barkey Row Houses 40 Main Street North, The Town of Markham designated Town of Markham the David Barkey Row House as an excellent example of Second Empire row housing, constructed ci 890. The units form an integral part of the streetscape. Distinguishing elements included the mansard roof with belcast eaves and decorative. pediment dormers. as row houses, the.. building is now in commercial use. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw #329-87).

27 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 22 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AN]) BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 10. BHR Residence Markham Village 48 Main Street North, Town of Markham James Speight House/Wedding Cake House Known locally as the Wedding Cake House, this picturesque, frame residence was built for James Speight ci 870. Architecturally the building is notable for the array of decorative woodwork on the verandah, verges and windows. James Speight was the son of Thomas Speight, founder of the Speight Wagon Works. When Village of Markham was incorporated in 1872, he served as the first head of municipal council. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw #209-79/119-80). I: The James Speight House retains the distinctive character of its exterior, although it is no longer in residential use. I May 2010

28 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO TIlE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Page 23 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 11. BHR Town hail Markham Village The Markham Village Town Hall 96 Main Street North, The Markham Town Hall was built Town of Markham in 1882 and served as the seat of local government and the centre for community events and entertainment until The vernacular styled building features some Italianate detailing. The two-storey buff brick building has stone foundations, rounded headed openings on the ground floor, segmental arched openings on the second floor and originally, a stepped cornice with decorative brickwork. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw #151-85). Since being sold by the municipality the Markham Village Town Hall building has served as a cinema, shops and offices. The oversize cornice is not original. May 2010

29 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITIUN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials Page 24 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report 12. BHR Hotel Markham Village The Tremont Hotel Main Street North, Main Street North was Town of Markham constructed as a hotel in Known initially as the Commercial Hotel, it was renamed the Tremont Hotel in The building remained in hotel use until 1960 and is currently vacant. The two-storey frame structure with side gable roof was a fine example of a 1 9th century Ontario vernacular hotel when it was built and is only remaining example of this type of building in Markham. A two-storey wood verandah originally extended along the full length of the front/west façade. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw #241-86). I May 2010

30 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AN]) BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AN]) ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Page 25 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 13. Former a BHR Residence Markham Village The Henry Wilson House 144 Main Street North, Built in 1886 for local merchant Town of Markham Henry Wilson, it later also served as a doctor s residence and office. The residence is identified as an excellent example of High Victorian architecture and as the best preserved example of its type within Markham. The L-shape verandah, stained glass.. transom lights and highly ornamental..... woodwork are distinguishing details. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw #278-85). residence is currently part of contemporary commercial development. May 2010

31 TABLE 1: IDENTIFiED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITIUN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Page 26 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 14. BHR Residence Markham Village 159 Main Street North, Town of Markham The Henry R. Wales House Henry Wales, who established the Phoenix Carriage Works with his brother George, built this substantial residence in The two-storey buff brick house features Italianate detailing. Noteworthy features include formal arrangement of principal façade, hip roof, paired roof brackets, enclosed entry porch and verandah. The residence at 159 Main Street North is set in spacious grounds and is located well back from the busy roadway. Front elevation of 1 North. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw #4-7). I May 2010

32 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 27 Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 15. CHL Hamlet Mount Joy Mount Joy -V Main Street North from the This small community was CN tracks to the north of established in the l9 century. th Avenue. Town of Buildings, primarily residential 16 Markham. extend along both sides of Main Street North. The Markham Train Station to the south and S.S. #16, Mount Joy, to the north anchor the community. Within the Mount Joy area three properties are individually designated and several are classified as Type A Buildings, of major importance to the HCD. Municipally designated under Part V of the Ontario Heritage Act as part of the Markham Village HCD (Bylaw #120-90). View north along Main Street shows primarily one to two storey residential buildings located quite close to the roadway. May 2010

33 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CITE) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page CHL Roadscape Mount Joy Main Street North Main Street North from the Main Street relates to the original CN tracks to the north of survey of the Township of Markham r th Avenue, Town of as the road allowance between 16 Markham. Concessions 7 and 8. Within the I community of Mount Joy the paved I roadway has four traffic lanes, two I northbound and two southbound I lanes and a posted speed limit of 50 km/hr. There is no on street parking. Sidewalks and a narrow boulevard are located on both sides of the roadway. A single pole hydro line parallels the road to the west. View south along Main Street North through the community of Mount Joy. May 2010

34 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Page 29 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 17. BHR Train Station Mount Joy The Markham Village Train No. 214 Main Street North, Station Town of Markham The Toronto & Nipissing Railway constructed a station in Markham in The modest rectangular depot with gable roof was later extended and remodeled several times. It is considered to be a very good example of a rural station with a, notable operator s bay to the tracks. Markham Train Station. Later owned by the Canadian National Railways, the station was closed in the early 1990s. It was reopened in 2001 and is used by GO Transit on its Stouffville line, The building also provides space for community programming and meetings. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw # ). i May 2010

35 May 2010 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 30 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT TIlE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 18. A BHR Store Mount Joy The Mount Joy General Store 266 Main Street North, Aretus Urmy, a retired farmer Town of Markham. constructed the Mount Joy General Store in A post office was established in 1907 and it was housed for many years in the general store. The boomtown front, large shop windows and central entranceway are distinctive features of the building..... The building is located directly adjacent to the sidewalk and is a landmark along Main Street. dental practice currently occupies e site. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw #209-79/119-80). Heritaiie Resource Management Consultants

36 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CIIL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AN]) ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Page 31 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 19. BHR Residence Mount Joy 322 Main Street North. Town of Markham. The United Missionary Manse David Meyer, a contractor, built the vertical plank residence at No. 322 for himself in The building served as a manse for United Missionary Church from the 1 920s to the 1960s. The vernacular style building features a formal arrangement of openings on the east (front) elevation, a central gable with decorative vergeboard, main entranceway with entablature and pilasters and segmental shaped window openings with curved pediment. Front elevation of 322 Main Street North. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw #4-78). May 2010

37 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 32 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 20. CHL Roadscape Highway 48 (York Road Highway 48 68) 16 north of Major Mackenzie survey of the Township of Markham Drive. Town of Markham. as the road allowance between Concessions 7 and 8. North of 16 th Avenue north to Highway 48 relates to the original th Avenue the road remains known as Highway 48, although officially the highway terminates at Major Mackenzie Drive with the section to The lands between 16 the south renamed York Road 68. Major Mackenzie are in transition The posted speed limit is 50 km/h from rural to residential subdivisions south of Major Mackenzie Drive and and commercial plazas. 80 km/h to the north. There are no sidewalks adjacent the two-lane paved roadway. th Avenue and I May 2010

38 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BIER) WITIUN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY 21. BHR Schoolhouse Mount Joy S.S. #16, Mount Joy School 9350 Highway 48, The first Mount Joy School (Lot 17, Concession 8) constructed in 1845 was replaced in Town of Markham A new two-storey red brick school with hip roof and bell tower was built in The large rectangular window openings featuring contrasting sills and lintels. The building remained in use as a Main elevation of the former Mount school until It was converted Joy Schoolhouse, now the Markham for use as the Markham Museum that Museum. opened on the site in The Markham Museum is expanding with the construction of a new Collections Building to the southeast of the former school building. Page 33 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials A Ontario Heritage Trust plaque commemorating the founding of Markham is located in front of the museum at the road. Listed on the Town of Markham s Register of Property of Cultural Heritage Value or Interest. I May 2010

39 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BIIR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Page 34 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials 22. BHR Residence Mount Joy rf The Meno Raymer House 9404 Highway 48 The lands along Highway 48 were (Part Lot 16, Concession 7) subdivided into smaller parcels from Town of Markham the mid-i 800s on. The house was built ci 915 for Menno Raymer. Members of the Raymer family were early settlers in the Mount Joy area. The modest rectangular, one and-ahalf storey frame residence features a The residence is vacant and the lands fieldstone foundation, side gable roof are the subject of a rezoning with wide overhangs and cutaway application. porch, shed dormer and narrow clapboard siding. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw # ). May 2010

40 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY 23. BHR Residence Mount Joy The Albert Wideman House 9506 Highway 48 (Part Lot The brick residence was constructed 17, Concession 7) Town of for Albert Wicleman in The Markham. one and-a-half storey, Queen Anne Revival style house is L-shape and constructed of red brick. The gable ends are accented with decorative wood pediments and ornately detailed brackets that highlight the The Albert Wideman House has been truncated corners of the walls below, moved from its original location to A verandah has been removed from Edward Jeifreys Avenue and remains the front wall of the house, vacant. Page 35 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource Resource Type Location Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw # ). May 2010

41 May 2010 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 36 TABLE 1: IDENTiFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITIUN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Site # Resource 24. BHR Resource Type Residence Location 9899 Highway 48 (Part Lot 20, Concession 8) Town of Markham. Description & Heritage Recognition Photographs/Aerials The William Read House The Town of Markham has identified the William Read House as an excellent example of a Neo-Classical style residence dating to ci 840. Notable features of the two-storey brick residence include the regular arrangement of the openings, hip roof, three-bay front façade with central entranceway featuring half sidelights and transom light and stone foundation. The building currently operates as a daycare and the surrounding lands have been redeveloped. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw # ).

42 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Page 37 May 2010 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Site # Resource 25. BHR Resource Type Residence Location 9900 Highway 48 (Part Lot 20, Concession 7 Town of Markham. Description & Heritage Recognition The William Clarry House The residence at No Highway 48 was built ci 860 on a 2-acre lot, a former clergy reserve. The land had been leased from the early 1 800s. The modest one and-a-half storey dwelling is stucco over brick and is considered of cultural heritage value primarily for contextual reasons for its association with rural agricultural landscape in north Markham. Municipally designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (Bylaw # ). 26. BHR Residence Highway 48 The Andrew Wideman House (Part Lot 21, Concession 8) The vernacular residence dates to the Town of Markham. latter part of the l9 century. The one and-a-half storey frame building is L shape with a one-storey rear wing. The west (front) elevation features a one-storey bay and gable. Photographs/Aerials T - The residence is vacant. The surrounding lands are proposed to be redeveloped for a theatre complex with the residence integrated into the new development. Listed on the Town of Markham s Register of Property of Cultural Heritage Value or Interest.

43 May 2010 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 38 TABLE 1: IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES (CHL) AND BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES (BHR) WITHIN AND ADJACENT THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES: HIGHWAY 407 TO THE FUTURE DONALD COUSENS PARKWAY Site # Resource Resource Type Description & Heritage Recognition Location Photographs/Aerials 27. BHR Residence Highway 48 (Part Lot 21, Concession 7) Town of Markham. The John Koch House/formerly the Jacob Wideman House The two-storey frame residence dates to the mid-i 800s. The front part of the T shape plan features a fieldstone foundation, narrow wood clapboard siding, verandah and a regular arrangement of openings. The central entranceway has half sidelights and transom and the window openings retain six over six wood sash. The front verandah retains turned wood posts, railing and vestiges of the decorative wood detailing. 28. CHL Farm complex Highway 48 (Part Lot 20, Concession 8) Town of Markham. Listed on the Town of Markham s Register of Property of Cultural Heritage Value or Interest. th Farmhouse: vernacular style, late 19 century, one and-a-half storey residence, T-shape plan, verandah on the west (front) elevation, rectangular openings, some windows retain six over six wood sash. The structure, possibly frame, is clad in synthetic siding. There are three associated outbuildings are three and the agricultural lands remain in use. Main elevation. Listed on the Town of Markham s Register of Property of Cultural Heritage Value or Interest.

44 3. Identified Cultural Heritage Resources located within and adjacent the Main Street Markham Preferred Alternatives Corridor: South of Highway 407 to Highway 7 [McCormick Rankin Corporation as modified by, 2010[. -. : Figure 4. Identified Cultural Heritage Resources located within and adjacent the Main Street Markham Preferred Alternatives Corridor: Highway 7 to the GO Transit Stouffville Line [McCormick Rankin Corporation as modified by, Page 39 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report I -4 MARKHAM VILLAGE HERITAGE CONSERVATION DISTRICT I May 2010

45 :UU J..U 3 \ \ \ LL 3 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 40 MOUNT JOY MARKHAM VILLAGE HERITAGE CONSERVATION DISTRICT Figure 5. Identified Cultural Heritage Resources located within and adjacent the Main Street Markham Preferred Alternatives Corridor: GO Trans Stouffville Line to 16 th Avenue [McCormick Rankin Corporation as modified by, 2010]. No Highway 48 reiocated -- wardjeffrey Ave. L4LANEMAINSREET1 MOU!1TJOY\ \ \ Figure 6. Identified Cultural Heritage Resources located within and adjacent the Main Street Markham Preferred Alternatives Corridor: l6 Avenue to Bur Oak Avenue [McCormick Rankin Corporation as modified by, 2010]. UntermanMcPhail Associates May 2010

46 Figure 7. Identified Cultural Heritage Resources located within and adjacent the Main Street Markham Preferred Alternatives Corridor: North of Bur Oak Avenue to North of Major Mackenzie Drive [McCormick Rankin Corporation as modified by, 2010]. Page 41 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report i. I I May 2010

47 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 42 Main Street Markitam Class EA from Highway 407 to the future Don Cousens Parkway 6.0 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT This section provides a preliminary assessment of the potential adverse effects of the preferred alternatives for the improvements to the Main Street Markham corridor from Highway 407 to the future Donald Cousens Parkway. The conservation of cultural heritage resources in planning is considered to be a matter of public interest. Generally changes to a road, such as widening and intersection improvements, have the potential to adversely affect cultural heritage landscapes and built heritage resources by displacement and/or disruption during, as well as after construction. Built heritage and/or cultural heritage landscapes may experience displacement or direct impacts, i.e., removal, if they are located within the rights-of-way of the undertaking. There may also be potential for disruption or indirect impacts to cultural heritage resources by the introduction of physical, visual, audible or atmospheric elements that are not in keeping with their character and, or setting. Ten (10) potential direct or indirect impacts are described in Table 1. Although the preferred alternative for his project may result in changes to the character and setting of the residence located at 9900 Highway 48 (BHF 25), this property is already part of a commercial redevelopment plan of the site and has not been included in Table 1 as an anticipated impact. TABLE 2: POTENTIAL IMPACTS FOR THE MAIN STREET MARKHAM PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES Site # Resource Resource Location Potential Direct Impact or Type Heritage Recognition Indirect Impacts 2. CHL Hamlet Vinegar Hill Indirect Impact Main Street South from James Anticipated change in setting and Scott Road to Highway 7, Town character of area through of Markham. widening of roadway. No. 2 Fisher Court and No. 49 Main St. Municipally designated under South are set close to the roadway Part V of the OHA as part of and any property acquisition has the Markham Village HCD. the potential to impact the properties. 4. BHR Bridge Vinegar Hill Direct or Indirect Impact Main Street South at the Rouge If the bridge is to be replaced or River, Town of Markham. rehabilitated to carry an extra lane, there is potential for impacts. A viewing platform shown on the east side of the deck. 5. BFIR Residence No. 53 Main Street South, Indirect Impact Vinegar Hill Anticipated change to the setting Town of Markham. and character through road widening. I May 2010

48 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 43 Site # Resource Resource Location Potential Direct Impact or Type Heritage Recognition Indirect Impacts 20. CHL Roadscape Highway 48 (York Road 68) 16 Indirect Impact Avenue north to north of Major Although the street character has Mackenzie Drive, Town of already been altered in this area, Markham the widening of the road from two to four lanes will further alter its setting and character. 21. BHR Schoolhouse No Highway 48, Mount Indirect Impact Joy, Town of Markham The museum site is currently expanding and the anticipated Listed on the Town of roadwork will have an impact on Markham s Register of its landscape plan. Existing OHT Property of Cultural Heritage plaque will be relocated by Value or Interest, museum and/or town. 22. BHR Residence No Highway 48, Mount Direct Impact Joy, Town of Markham Potential for direct impact due to land acquisition. New sidewalk is Municipally designated under shown adjacent building. Site is Part IV of the OHA. vacant and already in process of being redeveloped. 24. BHR Residence No Highway 48, Indirect Impact Town of Markham Anticipated change in character and setting of residence although Municipally designated under it has already been incorporated Part IV of the OHA into a commercial development. 26. BHR Residence No Highway 48, Town of Indirect Impact Markham Anticipated change to character and setting through road Municipally designated under widening. Part IV of the OHA 27. BHR Residence No Highway 48, Town of Indirect Impact Markham Anticipated change to character and setting with the introduction of a sidewalk and some land acquisition 28. CHL Farm No Highway 48. Town of Indirect Impact complex Markham Potential for the lane associated with property to be relocated due Municipally designated under Part IV of the OHA to the road returning to a two-lane profile right at the lane into the property. May 2010

49 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page MITIGATION RECOMMENDATIONS 7.1 Introduction Road improvements should not adversely affect cultural heritage resources and intervention should be managed in such a way that its impact is sympathetic with the value of the resources. When the nature of the undertaking is such that adverse impacts are unavoidable it may be necessary to implement management or mitigation strategies that alleviate the deleterious effects to cultural heritage resource. Mitigation is the process of causing lessening or negating anticipated adverse impacts to cultural heritage resources. It may include such actions as avoidance, monitoring, protection, relocation, documentation, salvage, remedial landscaping, etc., and may be a temporary or permanent action. For all properties located within the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District boundaries, Volume 3: Design Guidelines of the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Study: Mount Joy, Markham Village, Vinegar Hill (September 1991) will be applied. 7.2 Direct Impacts The following mitigation recommendations are made for the following cultural heritage resources: Bridge (BHR 3) Vinegar Hill, Main Street South at the Rouge River. If the bridge is to be replaced or rehabilitated, the bridge should be evaluated under the Ontario Ministry of Tourism and Culture s Heritage Bridge Guidelines roadway and that any changes will be undertaken with regard to the Volume 3: Design Guidelines of the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Study: Mount Joy, Markham Village, Vinegar Hill (September 1991) o Residence (BHR 22) No Highway 48, Mount Joy. As a municipally designated property the Town of Markham should be consulted as to appropriate landscaping to ameliorate changes in the setting and character of area through widening of roadway and that any changes will be undertaken with regard to the Volume 3: Design Guidelines of the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Study: Mount Joy, Markham Village, Vinegar Hill (September 1991). I May 2010

50 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page Indirect Impacts The following mitigation recommendations are made for the following cultural heritage resources: Hamlet of Vinegar Hill (CHL 2) Main Street South from James Scott Road to Highway 7. As part of the Part of Village of Markham HCD, a municipally designated under Part V of the OHA, the Town of Markham should be consulted as to appropriate landscaping to ameliorate changes in the setting and character of area through widening of roadway. Particular attention should be paid to the landscaping at 2 Fisher Court and 49 Main St. S. since both properties are set close to the roadway. If property acquisition is required in front of these two properties, the Town may request a Heritage Impact Assessment. Roadway. Any changes to the setting and character will be undertaken with regard to the Volume 3: Design Guidelines of the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Study: Mount Joy, Markham Village, Vinegar Hill (September 1991). o o o Residence (BHR 5) 53 Main Street South, Vinegar Hill The Town of Markham should be consulted as to appropriate landscaping to ameliorate changes in the setting and character of area through widening of roadway from two to three lanes of traffic. Any changes to the setting and character will be undertaken with regard to the Volume 3: Design Guidelines of the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Study: Mount Joy, Markham Village, Vinegar Hill (September 1991). Roadscape (CHL 20) Highway 48 (York Road 68)from 16th Avenue northward to north of Major Mackenzie Drive. The Town of Markham should be consulted as to appropriate landscaping to ameliorate changes in the setting and character of area through widening of roadway from two to four lanes of traffic. Any changes to the setting and character will be undertaken with regard to the Volume 3: Design Guidelines of the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Study: Mount Joy, Markham Village, Vinegar Hill (September 1991). Schoolhouse (BHR 21) No Highway 48, Mount Joy. The Markham Museum is municipally designated under Part IV of the OHA; therefore, the Town of Markham and the Markham Museum should be consulted as to anticipated effects of undertaking on the approved landscape plan for the museum site. The OHT plaque on the site is to be relocated by the museum and/or Town. I May 2010

51 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Page 46 o Residence (BHR 22) No Highway 4. No mitigation recommendations for this municipally designated property since residence is already been incorporated into a commercial development. o Residence (BHR 26) No Highway 48. As a municipally designated property, the Town of Markham should be consulted as to appropriate landscaping to ameliorate changes in the setting and character of area through widening of roadway. o Residence (BHR 27) No Highway 48. As a municipally designated property, the Town of Markham should be consulted in regard to appropriate landscaping in regard to the introduction of a sidewalk and some land acquisition. o Farm Complex (CHL 28) No Highway 48. As a municipally designated property, the Town of Markham should be consulted in regard to appropriate landscaping to ameliorate any changes to the setting of the property. I May 2010

52 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Built Heritage Resources& Cultural Heritage Landscapes SOURCES Byers, Mary et al. Rural Roots. Toronto, Ont.: University of Toronto Press, Champion, Isabel. Markham Markham Historical Society, Mary B. Champion, ed. Markham Remembered. Markham, Ont.: The Markham District Historical Society, Environmental Assessment Act RSO 1990, c. E. 18. (as am. S , c. 27; 1994, c. 27; and 1996, c. 27). Guideline for Preparing the Cultural Heritage Component of Environmental Assessments. Ontario Ministry of Culture and Communications; and Ontario Ministry of the Environment, October History of Toronto and County of York,Ontario. Toronto: Ont.: C. Blackett Robinson, Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of York. Toronto, Ont.: Myles & Co Ontario Heritage Act. RSO Project Planning Limited. The Markham Village Heritage Conservation District, Mount Joy, Markham Village and Vinegar Hill Area, Volume 3 and Volume 4, Design Guidelines and Implementation Process. Revised September Smith, Wm. H. Smith s Canadian Gazetteer. Toronto, Ont.: H. & W. Rowsell, Town of Markham. Town of Markham s Register of Property of Cultural Heritage Value or Interest. Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Plan Revised Building Classifications to be used with the Markham Village Heritage Conservation District Plan, Approved by Council January17, George Duncan. Designation Report The Menno Raymer House circa 1915, 9404 Highway 48, Part Lot 16, Concession 7. Michael Seaman. Designation Report The Albert Wideman House 9506 Highway 48, Part Lot 17, Concession 7, Community of Mount Joy. Michael Seaman. Designation Report The William Rea House, 9899 Highway 48, Part Lot 17, Concession 7, Community of Mount Joy. Marie Jones. Designation Report The William Clarry House, 9900 Highway 48, Part Lot 20, Concession 7. May 2010

53 Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Built Heritage Resources& Cultural Heritage Landscapes Designation Report The John Koch House c Highway 48, East Half of Lot 24, Concession 7. Weiler, John. Guidelines on the Man-Made Heritage Component of Environmental Assessments. Ontario Ministry of Culture and Recreation, Websites Library and Archives Canada. Post Offices and Postmasters. Markham, York North (Ontario); and, Mount Joy, York North (Ontario). Access:- < Markham. A History of the Town of Markham. Access:- < Markham. Heritage & history. Access:- < History.htm>. Markham Village B.I.A. Our Street...A History of Markham Village. Access:- < comlhistory.html>. Maps & Drawings Map of Markham Township. Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of York. Toronto, Ont.: Myles & Co Map of Markham Village. Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of York. Toronto, Ont.: Myles & Co National Topographic Series: Markham M114, 1936, 1960 and Tremaine s Map of the County of York, Canada West, Contacts Heritage Planning, Town of Markham. May 2010

54 APPENDIX A: HISTORICAL MAPS

55 1,. I., J.mt, Ho,,, : Appendix A Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Built Heritage Resources& Cultural Heritage Landscapes / YiT,LM3E. 0! C-* o TO In.. L Frr.,.n j s 1,n..I,,. I I,,, II,.,,. I I : JGIIIIIfl, ?.. - TA,, 11H.. :,ft,..,-.., 1 -j 1,, L / I I 4/ I! L.a..; fi :_ : -;?i; rçi -: Lae.L..; / 4t.lI.,,4j r,..j,. 1 m 1 T r /ii;.t G h I Id /. z: /:.,_,..1 -!.1 i, K -,,fl,.,..- I I.i--. /,.d4 i_.c II..k CI. II.... u...: H j,; I GI II I; I Ih. km,...,.,,., :..:., Plan of the Village of Markham and Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of York, 1878 May 2010

56 Appendix A Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Built Heritage Resources& Cultural Heritage Landscapes National Topographic Series: Markham M/14, National Topographic Series: Markham M/14, May 2010

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