CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE REPORT BUILT HERITAGE & CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES DERRY GREEN CORPORATE BUSINESS PARK SECONDARY PLAN MILTON, ONTARIO

Transcription

1 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE REPORT BUILT HERITAGE & CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES DERRY GREEN CORPORATE BUSINESS PARK SECONDARY PLAN MILTON, ONTARIO March 2008 Prepared for: Macaulay Shiomi Howson Ltd. Prepared by:

2 Cultural Heritage Resource Report Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan Milton, Ontario March 2008 Prepared for: Macaulay Shiomi Howson Ltd. Prepared by: Unterman McPhail Associates 540 Runnymede Road Toronto, Ontario, M6S 2Z7 Tel:

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION Report Purpose and Format HERITAGE PLANNING AND ASSOCIATED PRINCIPLES Introduction Provincial Interests in Planning for Cultural Heritage Provincial Policy Statement (March 2005) Town of Milton Official Plan IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES & BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES Introduction Survey Methodology Summary of Findings Assessment of Identified Resources CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE CONSERVATION PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT Managing Cultural Heritage Landscapes and Built Heritage Conserving Cultural Heritage Landscapes and Built Heritage Conservation of Cultural Heritage Landscapes Conservation of Built Heritage Resources Cultural Heritage Impact Statement (CHIS) Cultural Heritage Impact Statement Recommendations Community Place Names 13 Appendix A: Cultural Heritage Landscapes & Built Heritage Resources within & adjacent to the Derry Green Business Park Secondary Plan. Appendix B: Historical Maps

4 LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1. Location of General Study Area. 1 Figure 2. Location of Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan Study Boundaries. 7 Figure 3. Map of Cultural Heritage Resources located within and adjacent to the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan study area 9

5 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page INTRODUCTION The Town of Milton Official Plan recognizes the importance of heritage resources in providing a sense of place and community. A Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment of built heritage resources and cultural heritage landscapes associated with the Business Park II Secondary Plan lands, together with recommendations for their conservation, is one of the essential bases for the development of the Secondary Plan required by the Official Plan (Section 5.4.3). The Town of Milton retained Unterman McPhail Associates to undertake the built heritage resource and cultural heritage landscape assessment component as part of the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan Study. Archaeological resources have been addressed in a separate report. Generally, the study area is located in Lots 7 to 14, Concession 4 and 5, former Trafalgar Township, now part of the Town of Milton, between Highway 401 and the Middle Branch of Sixteen Mile Creek; the Sixth Line; the Centre Tributary of the Middle Branch of Sixteen Mile Creek and James Snow Parkway Figure 1. Location of General Study Area. 1.1 Report Purpose and Format The purpose of this report is to identify built heritage resources and cultural heritage landscapes in the study area, provide background and contextual material for the assessment of these resources, and to inform and direct sound heritage planning on the lands associated with the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan. A windshield survey of the study area identified built heritage resources (BHR) and cultural heritage landscapes (CHL) (Appendix C). Based on further assessment and historical research of these resources, individual properties were identified as candidates

6 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page 2 for more specific analysis by means of Cultural Heritage Impact Statements [CHIS] (see Figure 4). This report comprises three principal sections and three appendices. Section 2 contains a summary of the heritage planning context for conserving above ground cultural heritage resources. Section 3 contains a summary of the results of the built heritage resources and cultural heritage landscape windshield survey of the larger study area. Sites considered of significance were identified based on the field survey results. Section 4 contains heritage management strategies and heritage conservation policies proposed for the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan lands. Appendix A contains an overview of Euro-Canadian settlement history within the study area, as well as survey forms and summary property histories of the significant built heritage resources within and adjacent to the Secondary Plan Area warranting a Cultural Heritage Impact Statement. Appendix B contains historical maps and aerial photographs illustrating the historical development of the study area. Appendix C contains the results of the field survey. 2.0 HERITAGE PLANNING AND ASSOCIATED PRINCIPLES 2.1 Introduction Planning is the management of change or the way that society induces change in itself. Change, which may be promoted in a range of ways and by a number of proponents, may be motivated in order to achieve numerous societal or community goals and objectives. In respect of the exercise of any authority that affects a planning matter, Section 3 of the Planning Act requires decisions affecting planning matters shall be consistent with policy statements issued under the Act. This is addressed in the Preamble to Section 2.0 of the Provincial Policy Statements (March 2005). The objectives of protection and wise use must be considered the key principles of conservation. Protection is concerned with ensuring cultural heritage resources are kept free from harm, loss or damage either through outright displacement or through disruption in any planning matter. Their continuing use particularly their wise use in situations where adaptive reuses are appropriate to the cultural resource contribute to and support the continuing development of successful and healthy, physical, social and economic environments. In Ontario, cultural heritage conservation is a legitimate objective of planning activity. Conservation planning provides an important framework for ensuring that future change respects the cultural heritage resources of the Town of Milton and in particular, the lands associated with the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan.

7 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page Provincial Interests in Planning for Cultural Heritage The Ontario Planning Act R.S.O is the principal legislation to guide municipal land use planning and development on private property. It integrates matters of provincial interest into provincial and municipal planning decisions. The conservation of built heritage, i.e., heritage buildings and structures, and cultural heritage landscapes in land use planning is considered to be a matter of public interest, thus these resources are addressed in the Act. From the heritage conservation standpoint, the early identification of significant cultural heritage resources best addresses their management in the planning process. Support for built heritage and cultural heritage landscapes is clearly stated in Section 2 of the revised Act: the conservation of features of significant architectural, cultural, historical, archaeological or scientific interest; This provides the context not only for discrete planning activities detailed in the Act, but also for the foundation of policy statements issued under Section 3 of the Act. 2.3 Provincial Policy Statement (March 2005) The PPS reinforces the idea that cultural heritage resources provide and contribute to economic, environmental and social benefits. Consideration must be given in a manner that seeks to ensure the protection and wise use of these cultural heritage resources as a matter of provincial interest and as a measurable end result of planning. Therefore, consideration must be given to the conservation of Ontario s cultural heritage when addressing change. Section 4.0, Implementation and Interpretation, of the Provincial Policy Statement (March 2005) indicates that: 4.1. This Provincial Policy Statement applies to all applications, matters or proceedings commenced on or after March 1, The official plan is the most important vehicle for implementation of this Provincial Policy Statement. Comprehensive, integrated and long-term planning is best achieved through municipal official plans. Municipal official plans shall identify provincial interests and set out appropriate land use designations and policies. Municipal official plans should also coordinate cross-boundary matters to complement the actions of other planning authorities and promote mutually beneficial solutions. Municipal official plans shall provide clear, reasonable and attainable policies to protect provincial interests and direct development to suitable areas.

8 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page 4 In order to protect provincial interests, planning authorities shall keep their official plans up-to-date with this Provincial Policy Statement. The policies of this Provincial Policy Statement continue to apply after adoption and approval of a municipal official plan. Those policies of particular relevance for the conservation of built heritage and cultural heritage landscapes are contained in Section 2, Wise Use and Management of Resources, Subsection 2.6, Cultural Heritage and Archaeology: Significant built heritage resources and significant cultural heritage landscapes shall be conserved. Provision has also been made for the protection of lands of a proposed development that are located adjacent to protected heritage properties: Development and site alteration may be permitted on adjacent lands to protected heritage property where the proposed development and site alteration has been evaluated and it has been demonstrated that the heritage attributes of the protected heritage property will be conserved. A number of definitions that have specific meanings for use in a policy context accompany the policy statement. These definitions include Built heritage resources, and Cultural heritage landscapes and Significance. Built heritage resources : means one or more significant buildings, structures, monuments, installations or remains associated with architectural, cultural, social, political, economic, or military history, and identified as being important to a community. These resources may be identified through designation or heritage conservation easement under the Ontario Heritage Act, or listed by local, provincial or federal jurisdictions. Cultural heritage landscape : means a defined geographical area of heritage significance, which has been modified by human activities and is valued by a community. It involves a grouping(s) of individual heritage features such as structures, spaces, archaeological sites and natural elements, which together form a significant type of heritage form, distinctive from that of its constituent elements or parts. Examples may include, but are not limited to, heritage conservation districts designated under the Ontario Heritage Act; and villages, parks, gardens, battlefields, main streets and neighbourhoods, cemeteries, trailways and industrial complexes of cultural heritage value.

9 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page 5 Significant means: in regard to cultural heritage and archaeology, resources that are valued for the important contribution they make to our understanding of the history of a place, an event, or a people. 2.4 Town of Milton Official Plan Section 2.10, Heritage, of the current Official Plan establishes a heritage resource management strategy for the Town. However, it should be noted that the Plan was prepared in the mid-1990s and thus does not reflect the most current provisions of the Ontario Heritage Act. The Town is in the process of updating its Plan, but has not yet released proposed policies. The key directions of the Town s policy approach are reflected in the goal found in Section : To provide for: a) the conservation of the Town s heritage resources by identifying, recognizing, preserving, protecting, improving and managing those resources, including the potential for their adaptive reuse; b) the integration of the conservation of heritage resources into the Town s general planning approach; and, c) the promotion of an understanding and appreciation of the heritage resources in the Town to both residents and visitors. The policies of Section 2.10 implement this goal by: o providing for the establishment of a Local Architectural Conservation Advisory Committee (Heritage Milton LACAC); o encouraging LACAC to develop and maintain a list and/or inventory of resources of heritage interest; o requiring, during the processing of development applications, the resources of potential heritage interest be identified, evaluated and added to the Town s list and/or inventory as appropriate; o establishing criteria to be used in determining the historic or architectural value or interest of heritage resources to be included in the inventory; o establishing that Council may designate selected buildings listed in the inventory and setting out criteria for designation; o establishing that Council may designate Heritage Conservation Districts and setting out criteria for designation; o setting out the approach the Town will use to the protection of heritage resources, including policies with respect to new development which involves, or is located in or near heritage resources; o providing direction with respect to signage related to designated buildings and Heritage Conservation Districts, pioneer cemeteries, small cemeteries and the preservation of mature trees and other vegetation of heritage significance.

10 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page 6 In addition to the policies of Section 2.10, Section 5.4, Secondary Planning Process, requires the preparation of a Heritage Resource Assessment as one of the studies which form the basis of any Secondary Plan. 3.0 IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES & BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES 3.1 Introduction The Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan Study area is located in the Town of Milton, formerly part of Trafalgar Township in Halton County, now in the Regional Municipality of Halton. Rural lands are located to the south and east of the plan area. To the west of the plan area, west of James Snow Parkway, is the Bristol Survey, which is currently under development as a residential community. Highway 401 forms the northern boundary and on the west, Sixth Line. The Central Tributary of the Middle Branch of Sixteen Mile Creek forms the southern boundary. Historical research for this report included a review of both primary and secondary sources as well as historical mapping. A number of person-made resources associated with the Euro-Canadian settlement of the study area in the nineteenth and twentieth century, i.e., buildings and structures and landscape features, have survived to the present day within the plan area. Some are intact and in original use, others unused and derelict or altered and adapted to new uses. 3.2 Survey Methodology Unterman McPhail Associates undertook a windshield survey in November 2007 to identify, photograph and map all built heritage resources and cultural heritage landscape elements older than forty years within the larger study area for the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan study area. Prior to the survey, historical and topographical maps, the Town of Milton s Heritage Inventory and list of municipally designated properties were consulted. No official access was provided to the sites as part of this work. Interiors of buildings were not examined. Representative colour photographs of the built heritage resources and cultural heritage landscapes were taken and site forms completed. Assessment of the heritage significance of the inventoried cultural resources identified those within and adjacent to the Secondary Plan area that may require a Cultural Heritage Impact Statement (CHIS) as part of the development process. The purpose of a Cultural Heritage Impact Statement is to provide a more detailed assessment of the resource and develop appropriate conservation strategies.

11 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page 7 Figure 2: Location of Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan Study Boundaries.

12 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page Summary of Findings The area retains its 19 th and 20 th century patchwork field patterns, delineated by fences lines, tree lines and hedgerows. Evidence of 19th and 20th century farm complexes dot the landscape maintaining the rural nature of the area. The Sixteen Mile Creek (Oakville Creek) and tributaries flow from north to south in the gently undulating topography. The historic north-south concession roads and east-west sideroads continue to divide the area in a grid-like pattern. Several of these roads have retained a rural character as two lane, paved roads with narrow gravel shoulders, grassy ditches, some tree lines, hedgerows and fence lines. There was some change in the last quarter of the twentieth century in the form of new and scattered development of single rural residences, the conversion of several former farmhouses to rural residences and agricultural buildings, such as barns being demolished. 3.4 Assessment of Identified Resources Seventeen (17) cultural heritage resources of 40 years of age and older were identified within the study area boundaries during a windshield survey conducted in November 2007 (Figure 2). Unterman McPhail Associates identified the built heritage resources and cultural heritage landscapes through field observations based on age, architectural interest, contextual value and historical associations based on research records. The identified heritage resources include ten (10) cultural heritage landscapes comprising agricultural land, two (2) farm complexes, four (4) roadscapes, a watercourse, a railscape, and a golf course, and seven (7) built heritage resources including five (5) farmhouses/residences, one (1) barn and two (2) barn ruins. Of those identified, five (5) built heritage resources are included on the Town of Milton Heritage Inventory. Located within the Derry Green Corporate Park Secondary Plan Area, they include: o Farm Complex, No Fifth Line (CHL); o CHL Farm Complex, No Fifth Line (CHL); o CHL Roadscape, Main Street (CHL); o Roadscape, Derry Road East (CHL); o Roadscape, Fifth Line (CHL); o Roadscape, Sixth Line (CHL); o Agricultural Land (CHL); o Railscape, CPR line (CHL); o Waterscape, Sixteen Mile Creek (CHL); o Trafalgar Golf & Country Club, Sixth Line (CHL); o Barn Ruin, No Fifth Line (BHR); o Residence, No Fifth Line (BHR); o Residence, No Fifth Line (BHR); o Former Farmhouse, No Fifth Line (BHR); o Former Farmhouse, No Sixth Line (BHR) ; and, o Barn, No Derry Road East (formerly 201) (BHR).

13 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page 9 Figure 3. Map of the cultural heritage resources located within and adjacent (colour blue) to the Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan study area. One (1) former farmhouse located at No Sixth Line, three (3) road bridges of forty years and older and the Bloomfield Cemetery at No Sixth Line were identified as being adjacent to the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan study area. The windshield survey determined that the principal buildings of three properties listed on the Town of Milton s Heritage Inventory have been demolished. They are: o the barn at No Fifth Line (formerly 6390 Fifth Line); o the farmhouse at No Fifth Line; and, o the farmhouse at No Fifth Line. A summary history of the study area and a description of the identified cultural heritage resources both within and adjacent to the study area are provided in Appendix A. The cultural heritage resources are mapped on Figure 2.

14 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE CONSERVATION PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT This section provides cultural heritage management strategies and cultural heritage resource conservation policies for the future development of the lands contained in the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan area. The advice, recommendations and guidance found in this report have been prepared within the context of provincial and municipal planning policies, heritage conservation principles and an awareness of the unique cultural heritage attributes of the plan area. The cultural heritage resources identified within the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan area are of varying degrees of heritage value. Further assessment of significant resources will address appropriate conservation measures. A number of identified resources may require a Heritage Impact Assessment as part of the development process. The purpose of a Heritage Impact Assessment is to provide a more detailed assessment of the resource and develop appropriate conservation strategies. The HIA also addresses appropriate conservation measures. 4.1 Managing Cultural Heritage Landscapes and Built Heritage Resources Ensuring that significant cultural heritage resources are passed on to future generations for their enjoyment and care is a key objective in prudent heritage conservation planning. Achieving this objective will assist in creating a new landscape in the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan area that provides continuity between the old and the new. Incorporating cultural heritage components into new development assists in making the area visually diverse and hence, more distinctive. It enables greater depth and texture to be incorporated into the new landscape, making it physically more interesting and reflective of the area s past. 4.2 Conserving Cultural Heritage Landscapes and Built Heritage Resources Four key objectives in the cultural heritage planning and conservation for the built heritage and cultural heritage landscapes found within the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan Area have been identified: 1. Integrate significant built heritage resources into new development proposals; 2. Designate significant built heritage resources and significant cultural heritage landscapes under Section 29 the Ontario Heritage Act; 3. Incorporate where possible, principal agricultural built heritage elements such as barns and silos into the evolving future landscape where opportunities for specialized uses may exist; and, 4. Protect and maintain as much as possible rural cultural heritage landscape elements, such as tree lines, hedgerows, fencing, etc., associated with the identified roadscapes and agricultural lands recognizing that wide spread grading will be required prior to development.

15 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page 11 Built heritage resources such as farmhouses and rural residences are most easily incorporated into new planning initiatives. Resources such as barns and associated agricultural outbuildings may be retained where opportunities for specialized use may exist to permit their re-use within a modern development Conservation of Cultural Heritage Landscapes Since the subject lands are intended for urban development as a business park, it is recognized that the likelihood or potential for the viable retention of many of the agricultural landscape resources is unlikely. Therefore, in the detailed subdivision planning for the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan, the opportunity to conserve some agricultural remnants of the former rural landscape such as ruins and silos, as well as roadscapes, remnant hedgerows, fence lines and tree lines as reminders of the past land use in the area will be considered. Cultural heritage landscape resources such as tree lines and hedgerows should be considered for incorporation into the overall landscape plan of a new development to enhance it visually. and provide a link with the earlier landscape. If the roads are to be improved, the characteristics of the rural roadscapes should be considered incorporated into the landscaping. Consideration should be given to the possibility of retaining some of the existing rural characteristics of the roadscapes Conservation of Built Heritage Resources Due to certain change in character of the landscape and environment in the study area, it is important that opportunities to protect and retain significant built heritage resources be considered during development planning. The Cultural Heritage Impact Statement (CHIS) process may recommend municipal heritage designation under Section 29 of the Ontario Heritage Act as a conservation measure prior to development for properties included on the Town of Milton s Heritage Inventory. General conservation and adaptive re-use opportunities for cultural heritage resources are discussed below. Farmhouses and Residences: Built heritage resources such as freestanding farmhouses and residences should be retained and integrated into a development. These resources are best suited for continued use as stand alone residential units; however, since the lands for the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan will be converted to employment areas, retention as residential units is not possible. Therefore, adaptive re-use provides beneficial opportunities for the viable retention of this type of heritage resource, the re-cycling of scarce resources, and, directly contributes to sustainable development. New adaptive re-uses within employment lands may include, but are not limited to, offices, corporate meeting places, day cares, and restaurants. Relocation of the buildings on-site and off-site is an alternate conservation option for consideration after all other options have been examined.

16 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page 12 Agricultural Buildings Barns are a greater adaptive reuse challenge than farmhouses. Where barns have been displaced surviving barn remnants, such stone foundation walls, could be incorporated wherever possible into new uses. Barn foundations may be used as part of parks or parkettes or in delineating parking lot areas in residential or commercial areas. As with barns, silos are important and significant landmarks. Silos are excellent visual markers in the present-day landscape and surviving silos can continue to serve as eyecatching monuments of the former rural landscape in the new developed landscape. Where possible their conservation is a convenient way of marking former historical land uses. Documentation and Salvage When it has been determined that a cultural heritage resource cannot be retained, it should be documented photographically, and where deemed necessary, measured drawings prepared. In the demolition process, salvage of architectural elements should be considered. 4.3 Cultural Heritage Impact Statement (CHIS) A cultural heritage impact statement as a individual study to determine how significant a cultural heritage resource may be and how a proposed land use development, demolition or site alterations may affect that resource Cultural Heritage Impact Statement Recommendations From the survey findings and historical research it is recommended the Town of Milton undertake a Cultural Heritage Impact Statement (CHIS) for the following properties located within the Derry Green Corporate Business Park Secondary Plan study area as part of future development applications. These properties warrant such investigation based on architectural design, context, historical associations and integrity, and may merit consideration for municipal designation under Section 29 of the Ontario Heritage Act. Within the study area they include: Cultural Heritage Landscapes (CHL) o Farm Complex, No Fifth Line Built Heritage Resources (BHR) o Residence, No Fifth Line o Residence, No Fifth Line o Former Farmhouse, No Fifth Line o Former Farmhouse, No Sixth Line

17 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page 13 Adjacent to the study area: o Former Farmhouse (BHR), No Sixth Line;, and, o Bloomfield Cemetery (CHL), No Sixth Line. 4.4 Community Names Commemoration is a collective and public act of remembrance. Permanent landmarks include the usage of heritage names, historical markers and signs for heritage buildings, commemorative plaques and monuments, as well as interpretive signs and exhibits. In the course of new development, every effort should be made to maintain the names of the existing roads. Further, several early settlement families have figured prominently in the transformation of the landscape within the study area from a pristine natural state to a domesticated, agricultural environment. Some descendants of these farming families may remain as active landowners and/or farmers to the present day in the local area. In the future development of this area it is recommended that farming family surnames including, but not limited to, Anderson, Beatty, Cunningham, Dent, Orr, Pewtruss and Robinson, be celebrated in the naming of streets, parks, community facilities and other public places. Individual heritage buildings retained within the Plan area should be commemorated with historical/architectural markers.

18 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Page 14 SOURCES Environmental Assessment Act RSO 1990, c. E.18. (as am. S.O. 1993, c. 27; 1994, c. 27; and 1996, c. 27). Guideline for Preparing the Cultural Heritage Component of Environmental Assessments. Ontario Ministry of Culture and Communications and Ontario Ministry of the Environment, October Milton Historical Society: Index of Historic Homes and Buildings Under our Plaque Program. Ontario Planning Act R.S.O Ontario Heritage Act. RSO Provincial Policy Statement (2005). Town of Milton Official Plan (consolidated January 2001). Weiler, John. Guidelines on the Man-Made Heritage Component of Environmental Assessments. Ontario Ministry of Culture and Recreation, 1980.

19 APPENDIX A: CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES & BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES WITHIN & ADJACENT TO THE DERRY GREEN COPORATE BUSINESS PARK SECONDARY PLAN AREA

20 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-1 SUMMARY HISTORY: TRAFALGAR TOWNSHIP Nineteenth Century Development In 1788, the district of Montreal, now present-day Ontario, was into four administrative districts, Hesse, Nassau, Mecklenburg, and Lunenburg. Four years later in 1792, the district names were changed: Hesse became the Western District; Lunenburg, the Eastern district; Mecklenburg, the Midland district; and, Nassau, the Home District. Counties were created as administrative jurisdictions and English Civil Law was established. Several new districts were established in and old ones redefined. The new districts included the Johnstown district; London District; Newcastle District; and, the Niagara District. In 1800 the districts were divided into counties and the boundaries of the various townships, counties and districts were regularized so that each township was contained within a single county, and each county, in a single district. With the exception of the Reserve of the Mississauga Indians located between Burlington Bay and Etobicoke, all of the land along the north shore of Lake Ontario had been divided into townships by In August of that year, the British Government bought the Mississauga tract of land to open up the area for settlement. Deputy Provincial Surveyor Samuel S. Wilmot surveyed the Mississauga Purchase in 1806, dividing it into three new townships. Initially Township No. 2 was designated as Alexander, but it was renamed Trafalgar soon after in honour of the victory and death of Britain s Admiral Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar. Although Dundas Street had been surveyed as a military road as early as 1796, it remained incomplete and impassable through the Mississauga Tract until Wilmot used the street as the baseline for his single front survey of 200-acre lots and a grid system of concessions and side roads. Four concessions were laid out south (SDS) of Dundas Street, and two concessions to the north (NDS). This became the Old Survey. Settlement in the Old Survey began about 1807 near the lake. The Gore District was established in 1816 as an administrative district, with a court from parts of York County in the Home District and parts of the Niagara District. It included the Counties of Wellington and Halton, with the district town in Hamilton. In 1849, the United Counties of Wentworth and Halton replaced the district. The two counties separated in 1854, and Milton was named the county seat for Halton. The boundary of Trafalgar Township was extended northward from the first survey after the purchase of more land from the Mississaugas in 1818, and this area became known as the New Survey. Esquesing Township was located on the northern boundary, Nelson Township to the west, Peel County on the east, and Lake Ontario on the south. Settlement in the New Survey began soon after Early settlement family names in Lots 10 to 16, Concessions 5NS and 6NS of Trafalgar Township, near the Esquesing boundary included, but are not limited to: Anderson, Bloomfield, Cunningham, Dent, Downes, Patterson, and Storey.

21 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-2 Smith s Canadian Gazetteer (1846) describes Trafalgar Township as being, a well-settled township, containing numerous well cleared and cultivated farms, most of which have good orchards. The landing general with the exception of that bordering on the lake is of excellent quality. The township developed from subsistence farming in the early 1800s, to a wheat growing area in the mid-1800s. Small hamlets were established at strategic places along roads, near watercourses and farmsteads within the developing agricultural landscape, providing services to the local population. Tremaine s map (1858) notes the hamlets of Hornby, Auburn (now Agerton), Omagh and Drumquin within and adjacent to the study area in Concessions 5NS and 6NS. The village of Milton, which developed on Lots 13 and 14, Concession 2NS, on Sixteen Mile Creek, is located in the northwest corner of the township. A schoolhouse is noted on the southwest corner of Derry Road and the Sixth Line in 1858, and, although landowners are shown on the map, farmhouses are not depicted. The Bloomfield Church and Cemetery was established on Richard Bloomfield s property on the east side of Lot 13, Concession 6NS with the cemetery opening in September 1835, and a frame church in The church and cemetery served a Methodist congregation and the cemetery became the resting place of a number of early area settlers. The local road network was not fully established c1850. Trafalgar Road (Seventh Line) to the east of the study area had evolved as a principal transportation route from Oakville to the northern townships, and the road between Trafalgar and Esquesing Townships was opened. Although Concessions 4NS, 5NS and 6NS were not shown as opened roads c1850, 1 by the end of the 1850s, Tremaine s map (1858) shows the concessions as open road allowances. The Census Return (1861) describes District 2 of Trafalgar Township, Halton County, as having, for the most part, level land with a good deal of drainage. The farm buildings were of very good quality, and generally consisted of a barn, sheds for cattle, driving houses and stables. The area was well watered, with farms having two or more wells, and sometimes three. The district roads were considered to be very good, and it was noted that all of the government road allowances had been opened. The population was described as industrious and intelligent, and the whole District can be considered to be a thriving part of Halton County. Wheat was the principal crop prior to 1870, occupying about one quarter to one third of the cultivated land. Fall wheat planting predominated until the 1860s, and then spring wheat became more important. From the 1850s to the 1890s there was a consistent increase in the acreage of cultivated township land. Ontario farmers turned to higher cost cash crops and animal husbandry in the 1870s. The Illustrated Historical Atlas (1877) describes Trafalgar Township as an area of well-tilled farms, beautiful residences, with all that constituted a thriving and 1 Map of the Principal Communications in Canada West c.1850.

22 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-3 well-to-do community. The township map shows numerous farmsteads with orchards that faced onto the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Lines. Alexander Storey owned a cheese factory was on Lot 13 on the Fifth Line. The schoolhouse at the Sixth Line and Derry Road had been moved across the road to the southeast corner of the intersection by Although the Bloomfield Church had been replaced by a newer building in Hornby in 1876, the building is still shown on the township map on Lot 13, Concession 6NS. The hamlets of Auburn (Agerton), Drumquin, Hornby and Omagh are depicted as larger population centres. The Credit Valley Railway (CVR), which was established in the early 1870s, ran east to west between Lots 12 and 13 at Fourth Line. Surveys for the CVR were conducted in 1873, and construction began in The Parkdale (Toronto) to Milton section was opened for traffic in 1877, and two years later, the line was built from Milton to Galt, and then to Orangeville and Elora. In November 1883, the Ontario & Quebec Railway, which was an affiliate of the Canadian Pacific Railway, amalgamated with the CVR and the dormant London Junction Railway charter. The Hornby Station on the line was located on the Seventh Line, and another station was located at Milton. Auburn/Agerton This small hamlet was established in the early 19 th century and is shown on Tremaine s map (1858). The Illustrated Historical Atlas (1877) describes the small settlement on the Seventh Line as having a blacksmith shop and a temperance house. Twentieth century topographical maps refer to the community at the intersection of Derry Road and the Trafalgar Road (Seventh Line) as Agerton. Drumquin This small hamlet was established in the early 19 th century and is shown on Tremaine s map (1858). A post office was opened in 1861 and closed in The Illustrated Historical Atlas (1877) describes the small settlement on the 7 th Line as having a post office, store, blacksmith shop and inn. Hornby The first settlers in the Hornby area began arriving in the recently surveyed Esquesing Township, around Robert Barker, John Howson, Thomas Preston, Robert Hall and Robert Atkinson selected a name for their small community in the 1830 s, with Hornby chosen over Farlton, which was a small settlement about a mile north of Hornby. The Hornby post office opened in Smith s Canadian Gazetteer (1846) notes Hornby as a small settlement situated partly in Esquesing Township and partly in Trafalgar Township with about 60 inhabitants, two stores and one tavern and a post office. Tremaine s map (1858) notes Lower Hornby on the Trafalgar Township side of the township line at Sixth Line. The Illustrated Historical Atlas (1877) notes the prosperous village of Hornby had commercial businesses, a post office, a good hotel (Red Lion Hotel), two temperance houses, a brick schoolhouse and four churches, namely a Church of England, and a Presbyterian, 2 ArchiviaNet: On-line.Library and Archives of Canada, Post Offices and Postmasters. 3 Ibid, Hornby, Ontario.

23 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-4 Methodist and Baptist church; and an Orange Hall and Drill Shed. Omagh This small hamlet was established in the early 19 th century and is shown on Tremaine s map (1858). The Illustrated Historical Atlas (1877) note Omagh was a small village on the 4 th Line with about 100 inhabitants. It had three churches, a drill shed and a Temperance Hall. An Omagh post office opened in 1853 and closed in Twentieth Century Development The CPR railway line is used by GO Transit, with a station for Milton. The James Snow Parkway was initiated in the 1980s, following 4 th Line from Highway 401 to Main Street. James Snow Parkway South (Regional Road 4) running from Derry Road to Britannia Road, mid concession between the Fourth and Fifth Lines, is to be completed in The topographic map (1979) shows post war residential subdivision had occurred within the study area. Recent subdivision development has occurred on the western edge of the study area. For the most part, the area outside the town of Milton and in the northwest corner of Trafalgar Township remained largely rural in use and character into the latter part of the 20 th century when residential subdivision and development began to expand beyond the boundaries of the original town. The Trafalgar Golf and Country Club, a private 18-hole golf course, located south of Derry Road on the west side of Sixth Line, was opened in 1958 and expanded in At the end of the 20 th century, and into the 21 st century, there has been a noted loss of barns and other agricultural structures in the landscape as the lands make the transition from agriculture to other uses. Ontario Hydro, now a Hydro One site, developed a substantial hydroelectric transmission station on Main Street east of the James Snow Parkway. A large works yard was placed to its east. Five transmission lines run eastward from the transmission station, north of the railway line. 4 Ibid, Omagh, Ontario.

24 CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES & BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES WITHIN THE SECONDARY PLAN AREA

25 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-6 CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE Farm Complex, No Fifth Line (East Lot 8, Concession 5NS, Trafalgar Township Heritage Status: The former barn (now demolished) was included on Town of Milton Heritage Inventory. Physical/Design Value: The barn was a large wood barn painted red with a gambrel roof and symmetrical gables dormers. 5 A silo is still extant with three frame outbuildings. A one storey frame residence with shiplap siding and a concrete block foundation sits close to Fifth Line. The Guidal map (1917) shows J. B. Lindsay as the owner of the east half of Lots 7 and 8. C. Gillies was the occupant of the house in Twentieth century topographical maps show a farmstead throughout the 20 th century. It would appear that the barn structure was demolished in the last few years. Contextual Value: The residence sits close to Fifth Line while the location of the former barn, the silo and outbuildings is set back a distance from the house and road. The location is accessed by a drive, marked by a distinctive tree line, on the south side of the house. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The property has historical associations with the Beatty family, early settlers in the area. A distinctive tree line along the lane to the former barn complex is a dominant feature in the landscape. Historical Value: Once part Tremaine s Map (1858) indicates the Lot 8 was owned by J & W. C. William Beatty [also recorded as Beaty]. The Illustrative Historical Atlas shows W. C. Beatty as the owner of the east half of Lots 8 and 9, Concession 5NS. Information from the Town of Milton Heritage Inventory indicates the property was once part of 400 acres of land owned by W. C. Beatty. The Beatty family owned the property from 1825 to 1888; Anderson Beatty built the former barn in Town of Milton Inventory information. 6 Halton-Peel Regions Ontario Polk Criss-Cross Directory.

26 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-7 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE Barn Ruin, No Fifth Line (East Lot 10, Concession 5NS, Trafalgar Township Contextual Value: The farmhouse has been demolished, and only a frame barn building located at the end, and on north side of a long overgrown drive from Fifth Line, remains as a visible marker of the former 19 th century farm complex. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The property has historical associations with the Robinson family. The barn building is the last building remaining of the former farm complex. Heritage Status: Former farmhouse (now demolished) is included on Town of Milton Heritage Inventory. Physical/Design Value: A gable barn building is visible on the property. Historical Value: Tremaine s Map (1858) indicates the east half of Lot 10, Concession 5NS was owned by William Robinson. The Illustrative Historical Atlas shows John Robinson as the owner of all Lot 10, Concession 5NS with a farmhouse on the east half of the lot in the approximate location of the present barn ruin. Information from the Town of Milton Heritage Inventory indicates the Robinson family owned the land from 1825 to The Norris family then owned it until the Peacock family acquired it. The Guidal map (1917) shows James H. Peacock as the owner of the east half of Lot 10. The Peacocks built the farmhouse, and owned the farmstead until 1969.

27 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-8 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE Residence, No Fifth Line (East Lot 12, Concession 5NS, Trafalgar Township Heritage Status: Included on Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical/Design Value: This vernacular, two storey, concrete block residence has a cross gable roof and a two storey rear addition. It has undergone a number of exterior alterations such as new window sash, a ground floor patio door with roof and an exterior chimney on the east elevation, and a new portico and entrance door on the north elevation. The cladding in the gables is modern. Historical Value: Thomas Swim received the Crown Grant for 100 acres of the northeast half of Lot 1, Concession 5NS in July He sold the east half of Lot 12 to Jonathan Howes in June 1826; Howes sold the property to Robert Cunningham in February Andrew Cunningham bought the east half of Lot 12 from Robert Cunningham in July Thomas Paterson acquired the east half from the estate of Andrew Cunningham in September He had previously bought the west half of Lot 12, Concession 5NS in Trafalgar Township assessment rolls record that Tremaine s map (1858) shows Thomas Patterson owned all of Lot 12 at this time. The Illustrated Historical Atlas (1877) shows a farmhouse on the east half of Lot 12 owned by Thomas Paterson. Paterson and his wife sold the east half of Lot 12 to William John Hammond in May Benjamin Pewtruss bought the property from Hammond in March The Census Return (1881) notes 40-year old farmer Benjamin Pewtruss, wife Rebecca Pewtruss, and their five children Mary, Benjamin, Margaret, Robert William and Charlotte lived together as a single household. The Census Return (1891) records that the 47-year old widow, Rebecca Pewtruss, lived with her children, 21-year old farmer Robert, and 12-year old Charlotte in a 14-room, 1 storey frame house. Assessment rolls confirm Rebecca Pewtruss owned 96 acres of land on the east half of Lot 12, Concession 5NS in In January 1900 Mary Chorley Parker, formerly Mary Chorley Pewtruss, registered a release on the east half of Lot 12 to Rebecca Pewtruss, widow of Benjamin Pewtruss. In the October of the same year, Margaret Rebecca Robinson released her claim to the property to her mother Rebecca Pewtruss. Rebecca Pewtruss then sold the east half of Lot 12, Concession 5NS to Robert Pewtruss in December The Census Return (1901) notes widow Rebecca Pewtruss and her unmarried son Robert William Pewtruss lived together in an 11-room wood house on 100 acres

28 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-9 of the east half of Lot 12, Concession 5NS. The Census Return (1911) records Robert W. Pewtruss, wife Annie M., their son Medforth, his widowed mother Rebecca Pewtruss, and a domestic as a household in Trafalgar Township. The Guidal Map of Trafalgar Township (1917) shows Robert Pewtruss as the owner of the east half of Lot 12. It would appear the present concrete block house was built sometime after 1901 and in the early 20 th century, for the Pewtruss family. A building is shown in the location of the present concrete block residence on an early 20 th century topographical map (1912, rpt. 1922). early 20 th century agricultural changes and development in this area of Trafalgar Township. The residence is clearly visible on Fifth Line, and has some landmark qualities. Land records show Robert Pewtruss and his wife sold the east half of Lot 12 to Charles Kenneth Pewtruss and Mary Anne Pewtruss in April Members of the Pewtruss family continued to own the property until 1969 when Vincent Gallo bought it from the Pewtruss Family. Terry and Sofia Brazden bought the property in 1973, and Leonardo and Leonarda Plazza in Contextual Value: The associated site has undergone some change with the demolition of the superstructure of the barn, leaving only a foundation on site. The surrounding area is still rural agricultural in character with local roads, tree lines, field patterns. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The present residence is attributed to the Pewtruss family, long time owners (1881 to 1969). Although this early 20 th century concrete block residence has undergone a number of alterations to its original design, it is representative of

29 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-10 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE Farm Complex, No Fifth Line (West Lot 13, Concession 6NS, Trafalgar Township) Heritage Status: Included on Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical/Design Value: The vernacular 1 storey farmhouse has stucco cladding, a cross gable roof with vergeboard on the gables and narrow, paired window openings on the ground and second floor of the front elevation. A one storey verandah is located on the front elevation (west) on the south wing. Historical Value: Davis Smith received the Crown Patent for the 100 acres of the southwesterly half of Lot 13, Concession 5NS, Trafalgar Township in January Smith sold the property to James Skirrow in March Skirrow had emigrated from Ireland to the area in 1821 with his wife Ann Howson. 7 Robert Anderson bought the southwesterly half of Lot 13 in March Captain John Anderson 8 was born in Ireland in His wife Mary King Anderson was also born in Ireland in Township assessment rolls record John Anderson on 100 acres of the west half Lot 13, Concession 6NS in 1850, but did not indicate a dwelling on the property at that time. Tremaine s map (1858) shows that John Anderson owned the west half of Lot 13. According to the Census Return (1861) John and Mary Anderson and their children Margaret A., Eliza, Lucy, Robert, Samuel 70- year old widow Eliza J. Algo and William Wilson all resided together in a 1 storey log house on Lot 13, Concession 6NS. Anderson had cultivated 88 acres of land including an acre of gardens and/or orchards. The real property value was given as $4000. Land records show that son Robert Anderson sold the southwesterly half of Lot 13 to Samuel Anderson in December 1847; the deed on title was registered in June Samuel Anderson and his wife then sold the property back to John Anderson in January 1867, with the deed registered in June The Census Return (1871) lists John and Mary Anderson and their six children Margaret A., Elizabeth J., Lucy M., Mary L., Jemina and Robert as the residents of a farmhouse located on 100 acres of land on Lot 13, Concession 6NS. The Illustrated Historical Atlas (1877) shows a farmhouse with orchards owned by J. Anderson on the west half of Lot 13, Concession 6NS in the general location of the present day house at No Fifth Line. John and Mary 7 Tackaberry Times, Hornby to Hub or Not to Hub default.asp. 8 Alex S. Cooke, Milton area biographies: volume 2, Anderson, Robert K. This article has a reference to Captain John Anderson.

30 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-11 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario Anderson and children Eliza J. Lucy M., Samuel J., Robert K., Mary L., and Jemima, were enumerated in the Census Return (1881) as a household in Trafalgar Township. Son Robert K. Anderson qualified as a medical doctor and practiced in Milton for over forty years, as well as serving as a Milton town councillor (1899, ) and mayor (1904, ). Anderson also sat as a Conservative member of the House of Commons for Halton in 1917, 1921, 1925, 1926 and Mary Anderson died on January 1, The Census Return (1891) records that 65-year old widower John Anderson lived with daughter Eliza Anderson and members of the Price family 75-year old widower Alexander Price, 22-year old Jackson, 17-year old William and 24-year old Annie in an 11-room, two storey wood house. John Anderson died on January 7, Alexander Cooke bought the Anderson property from the heirs of John Anderson in October Alexander and Martha (M. Augusta McLean) Cooke and their children Wellington and Mabel Cooke are noted as a Trafalgar household in the Census Return (1891). The Census Return (1901) notes Martha and Alexander, and their children Wellington and Mabel lived in a 10-room roughcast house on Lot 13, Concession 6NS. Local history recounts that Cooke sold the farmstead in August 1908, and moved to Milton where he opened Alex. Cooke & Son, a grain buying business with an elevator at the Milton train station. 12 Cooke probably leased the farmstead for a number of years until he sold it in Land records note Robert Edwy May bought the west half of Lot 13 f in April of that year. The Guidal map (1917) shows R. E. May as the owner. Lloyd F. May inherited the farmstead in 1935, and members of the May family continued to own the property until 1969 when Harlib Farms Limited bought it. The Ministry of Government Services, bought the property in 1975; Aaron Farm Limited in 1982; and, Philip and Barbara Lawton in 1987; they established Lawton s Landscaping on site. 13 Contextual Value: The farmhouse is set back from Fifth Line at the end of a long gravel drive, and is partially obscured by trees. The associated barn is in a ruinous condition. The farmhouse contributes to the rural character of the area, which comprises agricultural lands, field patterns, fencerows, hedgerows and tree lines. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The vernacular, stucco clad farmhouse is relatively unchanged, and is considered to be a good example of a c1870 area farmhouse exhibiting such design attributes such as paired, narrow windows, cross gable roof and porch. It is representative of late 19 th century agricultural development in the area. The construction of the house is associated with the Anderson family. 9 Ibid. 10 Ibid. 11 Ibid. 12 Ibid. 13 Halton-Peel Regions Ontario Polk Criss-Cross Directory.

31 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-12 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES Residence, No Fifth Line (S Lot 14, Concession 5NS, Trafalgar Township) Heritage Status: Not listed on Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical/Design Value: The residence is a one and-a-half storey log house with a side gable roof. A modern shed dormer and an enclosed extension have been added to the front elevation. Historical Value: Darcy Boulton received the Crown grant for all 200 acres of land in Lot 14, Concession 5NS, Trafalgar Township on September 24, Ashabel Davis bought all 200 acres of land in November 1827, and then sold it to William Shackelton at the end of the same month. Andrew Cunningham bought the south half of Lot 14 in October The Census Return (1851) records that William Cunningham, an 80-year old farmer, and his 80-year old wife Frances lived in a one storey log house. Recorded immediately after the elder Cunninghams in the return are 50-year old farmer Andrew Cunningham, his 30- year old wife Jane, 18-year old son William, and 16-year old daughter Ann who lived in a one storey log house. Both the William and Andrew Cunningham households are recorded in the census return after Joseph Cunningham, who is known to have lived on the north part of Lot 14, Concession 5NS in Tremaine s map (1858) notes William Cunningham was the owner of the south half of Lot 14. Township assessment rolls (1858) indicates 23-year old farmer William Cunningham probably the son of Andrew and Jane Cunningham owned 100 acres of land on Lot 13, Concession 5NS valued at $2400. The Census Return (1861) notes 26-year old farmer William Cunningham, his wife Hannah and their 3-year old son Andrew, and Nancy Thirsten [?] as a single household occupying a one storey frame house. The following entry in the return is for Jack Cunningham, a 48-year old widower, lived in a one and-a-half storey frame house. It is believed one of the two log houses may have been the house located at No Fifth Line. Both households are entered in the return immediately after Joseph Cunningham. Township assessment rolls indicate Joseph Cunningham owned William Cunningham s 100 acres, as well his own northeasterly 100 acres [No Fifth Line] of Lot 14, Concession 5NS by Land records show Robert and Ann Cunningham, Thomas and Frances Pickard, Richard and Sarah M. Harrison, William and Elizabeth Cunningham and Mary Jane Cunningham sold all of their rights, and property claims for the 100 acres of the southeasterly half of Lot 14, Concession 5NS to their brother Joseph Cunningham in February 1868.

32 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-13 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario The Census Return (1871) records that 57-year old farmer James Cunningham was the owner of 100 acres of Lot 14, Concession 5NS. Two houses and three barns/stables were recorded on the property. The Illustrated Historical Atlas shows J. Cunningham occupied the south half of Lot 14. Two buildings, as noted in the 1851 and 1861 Census Returns, and an orchard are shown on the property in the late 1870s. Land records indicate Jane Cunningham released her dower rights for the southeasterly half of Lot 14, Concession 5NS to Joseph Cunningham in April John Tingle bought 100 acres of land on the southeasterly half of Lot 14 from Joseph Cunningham in November From assessment rolls in the late 1800s it would seem that Tingle leased the southeast part of Lot 9. Thomas Shanks was located on the property by the early 1880s and continued to occupy the land into the early 1900s. The Census Return (1901) records Thomas Shanks was located on 100 acres of land on the east half of Lot 14, Concession 5NS. He and his wife Margaret and two children lived in a wood house. John Tingle and his wife sold the property on Lot 14 to Alexander Cooke in February 1903, and Cooke then sold it to John A. Clarridge in March The Guidal map (1917) shows William Clarridge as the owner of the east half of Lot 9, Concession 5NS. John A. Clarridge sold the southeast half of Lot 14, Concession 5NS to Clifford F. Clarridge in March 1924, and Thomas Forrest Howden bought all 100 acres from Clifford F. Clarridge and his wife in January Lillian May Ludelia Howden, widow, and Arnold T. A. Howden, as executors of the last will and testament of Thomas Forrest Howden, sold part of the southeast quarter to F. Lloyd Allewell and Barbara Ann Allewell as joint tenants for $2.00 and consideration in William and Allison Alexander bought the property from the Allewells in May 1994, and established the Alexander Kennels. 14 Contextual Value: The surrounding lands are still in agricultural use, characterized by some farm complexes, field patterns, fencerows, hedgerows and tree lines. The farmhouse is set on a rise of land overlooking Fifth Line, to the south of Sixteen Mile Creek. The associated barn and outbuildings have been removed from the site. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The residence is associated with the Cunningham family, who were early settlers in the Hornby area of Trafalgar Township, from 1828 to Thought to have been built c1840s [to be confirmed], the log farmhouse has undergone some alterations, but retained its original form and unclad log walls. If it is confirmed that this residence was built c1840s, it would be considered to be excellent example of an early 19 th century log house that is representative of the township s initial phase of agricultural development Halton-Peel Regions Ontario Polk Criss- Cross Directory, Confirmation of the construction is subject to further investigation of the building.

33 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-14 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE Residence, No Fifth Line (East Lot 14, Concession 5NS, Trafalgar Township) Heritage Status: Included on the Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical/Design Value: This vernacular, 1 storey, brick residence was exhibits Classical Revival design elements such as a side gable roof with eave returns, a five bay front elevation and a centre door accented by a rectangular transom and sidelights. The window openings and main entrance door opening are highlighted by stone voussoirs. A inside chimney is located on the north end of the roof ridge. A shed dormer has been added to the front elevation. Historical Value: Darcy Boulton Jr. received the Crown grant for all 200 acres of land in Lot 14, Concession 5NS, Trafalgar Township on September 24, Ashabel Davis bought all 200 acres of land in November 1827, and then sold it to William Shackelton at the end of the same month. James Skirrow, a Irishman who had immigrated with his wife Ann Howson to the area around Hornby in the 1820s 16, bought the northwest half of the east half and the northwest half of the west half of Lot 14 in September Land records indicate Joseph Cunningham, an Irish immigrant born c1801, acquired the 100 acres of the land from Skirrow in He married Mary Anne Jackson of the Trafalgar Township in October 1939 at St. James Cathedral in York (Toronto). 17 Mary Jackson was also an Irish immigrant, born c1808. Their daughter Ann was born c.1840, daughter Frances c.1842 and son Joseph Cunningham Jr. c1843. Three other daughters were born later in the 1840s. The Trafalgar Township assessment roll (1850) noted Joseph Cunningham as the owner of 100 acres of land on the northeasterly half of Lot 14, Concession 5NS. A house was not recorded on the property. The Census Return (1851) records Joseph and Mary Ann Cunningham and six children Ann, Frances, Joseph, Rebecca, Elizabeth and Mary Jane and 20-year old domestic Elizabeth Cunningham as the occupants of a one storey log house. The present brick house appears to have been built in the 1850s by and for Joseph and Mary Ann Cunningham. The Census Return (1861) notes Joseph and his wife M. A. Cunningham and five children Ann, Frances, Joseph, Rebecca, E. Cunningham and M. J. Cunningham lived in a 1 storey brick house. Joseph Cunningham Sr. died on August 9, 1864, 16 Tackaberry Times, Ibid. 17 Marriages at St. James Cathedral, Toronto Aug From Landmarks of Toronto, volume 3, p.395 ff, by John Ross Robertson.

34 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-15 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario and was buried in the Bloomfield Church Cemetery on Sixth Line. This cemetery was later amalgamated with St. Stephen s Anglican Church, Hornby. 18 The probate of Joseph Cunningham s last will and testament was registered on property title on October 5, 1865, with all 100 acres of Lot 14, Concession 5NS being left to his son Joseph Cunningham when he reached 25 years of age. In February 1868, Ann Cunningham and her husband Robert Cunningham, Frances Pickard and her husband Thomas, Sarah M. Harrison and her husband, Elizabeth Cunningham and her husband William and Mary Jane Cunningham, spinster sold all of their rights, title and claims to the 100 acres of land in the southeasterly half of Lot 14 to Joseph Cunningham. The Census Return (1871) notes 25-year old farmer Joseph Cunningham, his 60- year old widowed mother Mary Cunningham, siblings Fanny [Frances], Rebecca, Elizabeth and Mary and a farm labourer living as a household on Lot 14, Concession 5NS. Cunningham owned a total of 112 acres of land, one house and three barns and/or stable. The agricultural return notes 100 acres of land were owned and 80 acres were cultivated, including 2 acres in gardens and/or orchards. The Illustrated Historical Atlas shows J. Cunningham owned a farmhouse and orchards on the north side of Sixteen Mile Creek in the northeast corner of Lot 16 in The Census Return (1881) records 37-year old farmer Joseph 18 Trafalgar Twp. Cemetery No. 4, Bloomfield Church Cemetery (Halton-Peel OGS Cemetery Records, 1991 and 2002). Cunningham, his 72-year old, Irish-born mother Mary A. Cunningham, and two adult sisters, Elizabeth and Mary Jane Cunningham, as a Trafalgar Township household. The Census Return (1891) notes Joseph, his mother Mary, and sisters Elizabeth and Mary Cunningham along with nephew Joseph A. Robinson and a 14-year old domestic named Mary Price were the residents of a 1 storey brick house with 13 rooms. Mary A. Cunningham died in August 1897 and is buried at St. Stephen s Anglican Church, Hornby. 19 The Census Return (1901) records 57- year old farmer and bachelor Joseph Cunningham, his 52-year old sister Elizabeth Cunningham, and nephew, Joseph A. Robinson in the household. They lived in a 12-room brick house on Lot 14, Concession 5NS. Joseph A. Robinson married in the early 1900s, and the Census Return (1911) recorded Joseph Cunningham, his sister Elizabeth and servant Mary E. Price as a household next to the household of Joseph A. Robinson, his wife Maud, 8- year old daughter Marion and a domestic. Joseph Cunningham died on February 2, 1916, and is buried in St. Stephen s Anglican Church, Hornby. Under the probate of Joseph Cunningham s last will and testament registered on property title in April 1916, his nephew, [Joseph] Albert Robinson, inherited the north half of Lot 14. Mary Elizabeth Price released her legatee rights to Albert Robinson in February 1916 for the 100 acres of the northwest half and premises for $1.00. The executors of Joseph Cunningham s estate granted Joseph Albert Robinson 19 Ibid.

35 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-16 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario the 100 acres of the northwest half, subject to certain terms, for $1.00 in July Interestingly, the Guidal map (1917) notes William Clarridge was on both the north and south parts of the west half of Lot 14, Concession 5 NS; while J. A. Robinson was located on the west half of Lot 14, Concession 5NS. The brick house is shown in red on the topographic map (1922). area of Trafalgar Township, for over 100 years from 1830 to Joseph Albert Robinson sold the 100 acres of the northwest half of Lot 14 to Thomas Bousfield in April The Bousfield family sold the property to Mario Fasulo in 2003, who sold it to Everlast Paving Ltd. in Contextual Value: The former farm complex still retains the farmhouse, however, the barn and other outbuildings have been removed. A distinctive spruce tree line marks the drive that leads to the farmhouse situated on a rise above and to the north of the Sixteen Mile Creek. The surrounding lands are still rural agricultural use, characterized by some farm complexes, field patterns, fencerows, hedgerows and tree lines. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The c1850s brick residence is well designed with some distinctive architectural details, and an early 19 th century example of brick masonry construction. It is an excellent example of the early mid 19 th century, second phase, agricultural development of the township, and a principal characterdefining building of the agricultural landscape. The residence and property is associated with the Cunningham family, who were early settlers in the Hornby

36 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-17 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE No Sixth Line (South Part East Lot 9, Concession 6NS, Trafalgar Township) Heritage Status: Listed Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical/Design Value: This vernacular, 1 storey, brick residence has a side gable and a three bay front (east) elevation. A window has been added to the front elevation above the centre door. Historical Value: The Canada Company received the Crown Patent for all 200 acres of land in Lot 9, Concession 6NS in July William Madden bought the south half of Lot 9 form the Canada Company in Tremaine s map (1858) shows William Modden [Madden] owned the south part of Lot 9. Township assessment rolls in the late 1850s show that James Ballentyne leased a house and land on Lot 9, Concession 6NS from owner William Madden. The Census Return (1861) notes 90-year old William Madden lived with Jane Madden, probably his daughter, a widow named Susan [?] and labourer Robert Ballentyne in a 1 storey brick house. The agricultural return for 1861 notes James Ballentyne farmed 100 acres of land on Lot 9, Concession 6NS. He and his wife Jane lived in a log house. Township assessment rolls in the late 1860s record Robert Ballentyne as the householder of 100 acres on Lot 9, Concession 6NS. The executors of the last will and testament of William Madden sold the 100 acres of land in the south half of Lot 9 to William Downes and his wife Millicent in April The Census Return (1871) lists 25-year old farmer William Downes, his wife Margaret M. [Millicent] and a farm labourer as the tenants of a house on 100 acres of land in Lot 9, Concession 6NS. Land records record that after the death of William Downes, James Downes, as executor of the will, acquired ownership of the property in March 1876, and that William Downes and his wife sold the south half of Lot 9 to Robert Stark in March The Illustrated Historical Atlas shows a farmhouse occupied by William Smith in The Trafalgar Township assessment roll (1877) notes Robert Stark as the owner and William Smith as the tenant of Lot 9, Concession 6NS. Robert Howes, with his wife Rebecca Matilda Howes, bought the 100 acres of land in the south half of Lot 9 from Robert Stark in March Samuel Orr bought the property from the Hoovers in December From assessment rolls it would appear that Samuel Orr leased the farmstead on Lot 9, Concession 6NS during his ownership including the Robinson family in the mid-to-late

37 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-18 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario 1890s, and probably into the early 1900s. Robert, Andrew, John H. Cameron, and Kenneth Orr, sons of Samuel Orr received ownership of the property under the terms of Samuel Orr s will in April The brothers shared ownership for some years. The Census Return (1911) indicates 34-year old farmer and bachelor Robert Orr occupied Lot 9, Concession 6NS. Guidal map (1917) shows Robert Orr as the owner of the south half of Lot 9. Land records show Robert acquired full ownership in Andrew and Magdalena Trischler bought the farmstead from Robert Orr in The Northcotes bought the property in 1958; the present owner Radha Soami Society Beas Canada bought the property in Contextual Value: The former farm complex retains the 19 th century farmhouse. The farmhouse contributes to the rural character of the surrounding lands. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: This house represents a good example of vernacular brick residential construction c1870, and it contributes to the rural character of the area. The residence is representative of the agricultural development in this area of Trafalgar Township in the latter part of the 19 th century. The construction of the house may be associated with the William Downes family, local 19 th century farmers.

38 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-19 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE No Derry Road East (formerly 201) (S Lot 11, Concession 5NS, Trafalgar Township) George Peacock is located on Lot 11, Concession 6NS in the Census Return (1911), and on the west half of the same lot on the Guidal map (1917). The barn and farmhouse are shown on early 20 th century topographical maps of the area. Contextual Value: The barn is set in a rural landscape, behind a modern residence. It is a visible reminder in the landscape of the agricultural development of the area. Heritage Status: Not listed on Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The barn is a character-defining element in the rural character of the area and is representative of the agricultural development of the area. Physical Value: This building is a 2 storey gambrel roof barn, built ca. late 19 th century, or c1900. It has a red metal roof, roof ventilators and double entrance doors to the upper level on the south elevation. Historical Value: Tremaine s map (1858) indicates the east half of Lot 11, Concession 6NS was owned by Hannah Robinson. Twenty years later the Illustrated Historical Atlas (1878) records that Benjamin Hemstreet owned a farmstead with an orchard on the west half of Lot 11, Concession 6NS. Assessment Rolls indicate Richard Hemstreet owned the 100 acres of the west half of Lot 11. In later years he lived in Milton. Mrs. B. Hemstreet of Milton owned the property in The Census Return (1901) indicates Alfred Hemstreet leased the 1oo acres of Lot 11, Concession 6NS, which had a house and five barns and/or stables.

39 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-20 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE Main Street Roadscape (Between Lots 13 and 14, Concessions 4 & 5, Trafalgar Township) character of the surrounding rural landscape. Heritage Status: Not listed Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical Value: This two lane paved road has a solid centre line, little to no gravel shoulders and grassy ditches. Fence lines, intermittent tree lines and hedgerows and vegetation. Historical Value: The road extended as far as the Third Line on the Illustrative Historical Atlas (1877). By the early 20 th century a topographical map (1922) indicate the road had been pushed through between Lots 13 and 14 to connect with the Fifth Line. Contextual Value: The east to west roadscape contributes to the rural character the study area Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The roadscape represents early 20 th century developments in the local road system. Its rural road characteristics contribute contextually to the existing

40 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-21 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE Derry Road East Roadscape (Between Lots 10 and 11, Concessions 4NS & 5NS, Trafalgar Township) Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The roadscape has historical associative value. It represents 19 th century development of the surveyed sideroad allowances as part of the agricultural settlement of Trafalgar Township. Its rural road characteristics contribute contextually to the existing character of the surrounding rural landscape. Heritage Status: Not listed Town of Milton Heritage Inventory. Physical Value: This two lane paved road has a solid centre line, gravel shoulders and grassy ditches. Fence lines, intermittent tree lines and hedgerows and vegetation are found on the sides of the road. Historical Value: An open side road is shown between Lots 10 and 11 on Tremaine s map (1858) and on the Trafalgar Township map in the Illustrative Historical Atlas (1877). The road allowance was surveyed with a slight jog in Concessions 5 and 6. Early 20 th century topographical map (1922 and 1942) indicate Derry Road was an unpaved road in the early 1920s, and an improved and paved local road by the early 1940s. Contextual Value: The east to west roadscape contributes to the rural character the study area. The road has a slight jog in Concession 5 and Concession 6.

41 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-22 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE Fifth Line Roadscape (Between Concessions 4NS & 5NS, Trafalgar Township) Heritage Status: Not listed Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical Value: This paved, two lane local road has a solid centre line, varying widths of gravel shoulders and grassy ditches. crosses tributaries of the Sixteen Mile Creek several times within the study area, most prominently at Lots 14 and 15. The road winds its way around the Sixteen Mile Creek, deviating from the original surveyed road allowance north and south of Derry Road. Fence lines, intermittent tree lines and hedgerows and vegetation are found on the sides of the road. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The roadscape represents early 19 th century development of the local road system as surveyed concession road allowances were opened and established as part of the agricultural settlement of Trafalgar Township. Its rural road characteristics contribute contextually to the existing character of the surrounding rural landscape. Historical Value: This north-south concession road was opened in the early part of the 19 th century; it is shown on Tramline s map (1858) and on the township map in the Illustrative Historical Atlas (1877) as an open road. An early 20 th century topographical map (1922) indicates the Fifth Line was still an unpaved local concession road into the latter part of the 20 th century. In 1922 there were four iron and one wood structures crossing the Sixteen Mile Creek in Lots 14 and 15, as well as several culverts. By the 1970s the Fifth Line was a paved local road. Contextual Value: The north-south roadscape contributes to the rural character the study area. It

42 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-23 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE Sixth Line Roadscape (Between Concessions 5NS & 6NS, Trafalgar Township) Heritage Status: Not listed Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical Value: This paved, two lane road has a solid centre line, varying widths of gravel shoulders and grassy ditches. It crosses tributaries of the Sixteen Mile Creek both north and south of Derry Road. Fence lines, visually prominent tree lines, hedgerows and vegetation are found on the sides of the road. Historical Value: This north-south concession road was opened in the early part of the 19 th century; it is shown on Tremaine s map (1858) and on the Trafalgar Township map in Illustrative Historical Atlas (1877) as an open road. An early 20 th century topographical map (1922) indicates the Sixth Line was still an unpaved local concession road into the latter part of the 20 th century. In 1922 two, separate iron structures carried the road across the CPR railway line and the Sixteen Mile Creek (Sixteen Mile Creek in Lots 12 and 13. Below Derry Road within the study area a wooden structure and an iron structure carried the road across the Sixteen Mile Creek in Lot 9. By the 1970s the Sixth Line was a paved local road. Contextual Value: The north-south roadscape contributes to the rural character the study area. It crosses the East Branch of the Sixteen Mile Creek and its tributaries several times within the study area, most prominently at Lot 10 south of Derry Road, and Lots 11 and 12 north of Derry Road where the road follows a given route to the west of the surveyed concession road allowance to avoid the Sixteen Mile Creek. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The roadscape has historical associative value. It represents the early 19 th century development of the local road system as surveyed concession road allowance. It was opened and established as part of the agricultural settlement of Trafalgar Township. Its rural road characteristics contribute contextually to the existing character of the surrounding rural landscape.

43 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-24 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE Agricultural Land (Part Lots 7 to 14, Concessions 4NS & 5NS, Trafalgar Township) Heritage Status: Not included on the Town of Milton Heritage Inventory. Physical Value: The agricultural landscape comprises some farmhouses and agricultural buildings of 19 th century farm complexes, visual and prominent tree lines or wind breaks, field patterns and fence lines, hedgerows, cultivated fields as well as a watercourse. Historical Value: The land in the study area was first settled in the 1820s, with more intensity in the 1830s and 1840s. The Tremaine map (1858) shows all of the land had been taken up for agricultural settlement, and concession and sideroad allowances had been opened for local traffic. The Illustrative Historical Atlas (1877) indicates a more developed agricultural landscape with regular field patterns, numerous farmsteads, principally facing onto the concession roads, and orchards. Twentieth century topographical maps (1922 to 1995) confirm that the land in the study area remained agricultural in character, although there was some attrition in the number of farm complexes by the late 20 th century. Today there is a diminished number of barns and agricultural buildings. Contextual Value: The agricultural land within the study area is located to the east of the Town of Milton. Some development has occurred in the study area, primarily subdivision for single residences, commercial businesses located in former farmsteads, and the Hydro One facility. Farmsteads, principally on the Fifth Line south of Derry Road have been demolished within the past five years. Despite these changes the field patterns, tree lines, fence lines hedgerows, and remnants of former driveways and associated tree lines still characterize the landscape as agricultural and rural. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The existing agricultural landscape has historical associative value. It represents and clearly expresses the 19 th and 20 th century agricultural development of Trafalgar Township. Contextually, it sets the larger landscape for the remaining farmhouse, former farmhouses and agricultural buildings found in the farm complexes within the study area.

44 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-25 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE CPR Railway (Between Lots 12 and 13, Concessions 4NS & 5NS, Trafalgar Township) level road crossings on Fifth Line within the study area. It is a landmark. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The CN Railway line represents an important part of the transportation history of the township, and as an important factor in the development and growth of Milton, and therefore Trafalgar Township, in the 19 th century. Heritage Status: Not listed Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical Value: This is a double track railway line. Historical Value: Surveys for the Credit Valley Railway were conducted in 1873 with its construction beginning in The Parkdale (Toronto) to Milton section was opened for traffic in It is shown on the township map in the Illustrated Historical Atlas (1877). Two years later in 1879, the railway was extended from Milton to Galt and then Orangeville and Elora. In November 1883, the Ontario & Quebec Railway, which was an affiliate of the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), amalgamated with the CVR and the dormant London Junction Railway charter. It has remained a part of CPR to the present. Contextual Value: The railway line is a linear corridor cut through the agricultural landscape with

45 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-26 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE Sixteen Mile Creek, Waterscape (Concession 5NS, Trafalgar Township) Contextual Value: The waterscape contributes to the character of the existing rural agricultural land. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The Sixteen Mile Creek is historically associated with the agricultural settlement of the land within the study area. Heritage Status: Not listed Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical Value: The Sixteen Mile Creek is a fresh water creek that meanders southward through Trafalgar Township to Lake Ontario. Historical Value: Early settlement tended to take place in the vicinity of waterways. Its course influenced the decision to move the route of the Sixth Line at Derry Road from its surveyed road allowance to a given road to the west. It was also a factor in the chosen locations of early farmsteads in the area. The Illustrative Historical Atlas refers to the watercourse as the East Branch of the Sixteen Mile Creek. Twentieth century topographical maps refer to it as the Sixteen Mile Creek.

46 CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES & BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES ADJACENT TO THE SECONDARY PLAN AREA

47 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-28 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE Trafalgar Golf & Country Club, Sixth Line & Derry Road (Lots 9 and 10, Concession 5NS, Trafalgar Township) Heritage Status: Not listed on the Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical Value: The golf course comprises a designed and landscaped golf course that stretches along Derry Road and south along Sixth Line. Historical Value: Historical maps indicate the former agricultural land was associated with the Robinson and Beatty families in the 19 th century, and James H. Peacock and Thomas Graham in the early 20 th century. 20 In the late 1950s Bill Ruthven commissioned C.E. (Robbie) Robinson, one of Canada's best known golf course architects, as well as Keith Robinson's brother, to lay out an 18-hole course on his sod farm located at the corner of Derry Road and the Sixth Line. After the death of his son, Ruthven stopped the project. Keith Robinson obtained an option to purchase Ruthven's sod farm in January 1958, to complete the building of the golf course. With his brother Robbie Robinson, Keith Robinson and Bob Watson organized nine investors for the Trafalgar Golf & Country Club. On July 1st, 1958, the first nine holes were opened and the full 18 holes by midsummer C. E. Robinson is a member of the Ontario Golf Hall of Fame. He is responsible for the design of 13 of the top 50 Ontario golf courses. 22 At one time he worked for Stanley Trafalgar Golf & Country Club. Course History: Keith Robinson Had a Dream by Betty Robinson Neil. 22 Golf Courses.ca.Ontario s Top 50 Golf Courses 2001.

48 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-29 Town of Milton Business Park II Secondary Plan, Milton, Ontario Thompson, a pre-eminent golf course architect responsible for some 145 courses in Canada, the United States, Caribbean and South America, and who founded the American Society of Golf Course Architects in Contextual Value: The golf course was built on former farmland on the south side of Sixth Line south of Derry Road. It is compatible with the rural character of the surrounding area. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: C. E. (Robbie) Robinson, a well known architect of Canadian golf courses and a member of the Ontario Golf Hall of Fame, designed the golf course. Contextually the open green space of the recreational lands associated with the golf course contributes to the rural character of the area. 23 Stanley Thompson Society. Who was Stanley Thompson.

49 CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES & BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES ADJACENT TO THE SECONDARY PLAN AREA

50 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-30 CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE Bloomfield Cemetery No Sixth Line (Lot 13, Concession 6NS, Trafalgar Township) Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: Cemeteries are valuable sources for genealogical information and the study of the settlement and social history of an area. The Bloomfield Cemetery is an early 19 th century burial ground established by early settlement families and is a physical marker in the rural landscape representing the 19 th century development of the area. Heritage Status: Not listed Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical Value: The cemetery is an early 19 th burial ground. century Historical Value: Richard Bloomfield donated land for the Bloomfield Cemetery, and it was established on the southeast corner of the east half of Lot 13, Concession 6NS in September In the following year of 1836 a frame church was built to serve a Methodist congregation. The cemetery became the resting place of early area settlers. The Bloomfield Church was replaced by a newer building in Hornby in Contextual Value: The cemetery is a distinct green space separated from the surrounding agricultural fields by tree lines.

51 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-31 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE Sixth Line Road Bridge (Lot 12, Concessions 5NS and 6NS, Trafalgar Township) Contextual Value: Located immediately south of the CPR level crossing, this road bridge contributes to the rural character of Sixth Line and is associated with the cultural heritage landscape of the Sixteen Mile Creek waterscape. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The bridge structure contributes contextually to the existing character of the surrounding rural landscape, and is associated with local road improvements and transportation development in the area in the latter part of the 20 th century. Heritage Status: Not listed Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical Value: This is a reinforced concrete rigid frame structure with a panels of metal railing divided by concrete posts and concrete end walls. Historical Value: There has been a bridge crossing of the Sixteen Mile Creek in this location since, at least, the mid 19 th century. An open road is show on the Tremaine map (1858) indicating a log or timber structure had been built to span the watercourse. A bridge was in this location on the Sixth Line in the late 1870s, as the road is shown as open on the township map in the Illustrative Historical Atlas (1877). An early 20 th century topographical map (1922) indicates a metal bridge spanned the Sixteen Mile Creek at this location. The present bridge appears to be a post W.W. II structure, probably built by the Township.

52 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-32 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE Sixth Line Road Bridge (Lot 10, Concessions 5NS and 6NS, Trafalgar Township) Heritage Status: Not listed Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Contextual Value: The bridge contributes to the rural character of Sixth Line and is associated with the cultural heritage landscape of the Sixteen Mile Creek waterscape. The land on either side of the bridge is a mixture of natural space on the east side and open green space associated with the Trafalgar Golf Course on the west. Summary of Heritage Value: The bridge structure contributes contextually to the existing character of the surrounding rural landscape, and is associated with local road improvements and transportation development in the area in the latter part of the 20 th century. Physical Value: This is a reinforced concrete rigid frame structure with a panels of metal railing divided by concrete posts and concrete end walls. Historical Value: There has been a bridge crossing of the Sixteen Mile Creek in this location since, at least, the mid 19 th century. An open road is show on the Tremaine map (1858) indicating a log or timber structure had been built to span the watercourse. A bridge was in this location on the Sixth Line in the late 1870s, as the road is shown as open on the township map in the Illustrative Historical Atlas (1877). An early 20 th century topographical map (1922) indicate a wood bridge structure spanned the Sixteen Mile Creek at this location. The present bridge appears to be a post W.W. II structure, probably built by the Township.

53 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-33 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE Sixth Line Road Bridge (Lot 9, Concessions 5NS and 6NS, Trafalgar Township) Contextual Value: The bridge contributes to the rural character of Sixth Line and is associated with the cultural heritage landscape of the Sixteen Mile Creek waterscape. The land on either side of the bridge is a natural space. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: The bridge structure contributes contextually to the existing character of the surrounding rural landscape, and is associated with local road improvements and transportation development in the area in the latter part of the 20 th century. Heritage Status: Not listed Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical Value: This is a reinforced concrete rigid frame structure with a panels of metal railing divided by concrete posts and concrete end walls. Historical Value: There has been a bridge crossing of the Sixteen Mile Creek in this location since, at least, the mid 19 th century. An open road is show on the Tremaine map (1858) indicating a log or timber structure had been built to span the watercourse. A bridge was in this location on the Sixth Line in the late 1870s, as the road is shown as open on the township map in the Illustrative Historical Atlas (1877). An early 20 th century topographical map (1922) indicate a metal bridge spanned the Sixteen Mile Creek at this location. The present bridge appears to be a post W.W. II structure, probably built by the Township.

54 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-34 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE Residence, No Sixth Line (North Part, East Lot 9, Concession 6NS, Trafalgar Township) Heritage Status: Included on Town of Milton Heritage Inventory Physical/Design Value: Built in the 1850s, this vernacular late Georgian style residence exhibits a symmetrical front elevation, truncated hip roof with chimneys, decorative frieze and use of contrasting buff brick quoins and window voussoirs. Historical Value: The Canada Company received the Crown Patent for all 200 acres of Lot 9, Concession 5 NS, Trafalgar Township in July Philemon Dean bought the north half of the lot from the Canada Company in February 1837; the deed was registered in Thomas T. Dent bought the north half of the lot from Dean in October Township assessment rolls show Thomas Dent was located on 100 acres of the northeasterly half of Lot 9, Concession 6NS in A house was not assessed on the property at that time. Thomas Dent and Dorothy Dent were both born in England c1807 and 1808, respectively. They appear to have immigrated to Upper Canada in the midto-late 1840s, after the birth of their daughter Dorothy in 1844 and daughter Mary in The Census Return (1851) notes Thomas and Dorothy Dent and their six children, William, Thomas, Elizabeth, Richard, Dorothy and Mary, as the occupants of a one storey log house. Township assessment rolls indicate Dent owned 100 acres of the northeasterly half of Lot 9, Concession 6NS in Another son Robert Best Dent was born in January Tremaine s map (1858) shows Thomas Dent as the owner of the north part of Lot 9. The Census (1861) notes Thomas Dent as the owner of all 200 acres of land on Lot 9, Concession 6 NS. Dent and his family, wife Dorotha and children Thomas, Elizabeth, Richard, Hornsby, Dorotha, Mary and Robert lived in a 2 storey brick dwelling, indicating the present building was built in the mid 1850s. The Census Return (1871) records Thomas and Dorothy Dent and their 18- year-old son Robert B. Dent as the occupants of a dwelling on 100 acres of land on Lot 9, Concession 6NS. In total, Dent owned 200 acres of land, two houses and three barns and/or stables. Thomas Dent died on October 28, 1876, and is buried in St. Stephen s Anglican Cemetery, Hornby. 24 His son Robert Best Dent inherited the northwest half of 24 Trafalgar Twp. Cemetery No. 6, St. Stephen s Anglican Church and Cemetery. (Halton Peel OGS, 2004).

55 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-35 Lot 9, Concession 6NS comprising 100 acres of land. His wife Dorotha was allowed rooms in the family home as well as other considerations. 25 Sons William, Thomas, Richard and Henry [Hornsby?] received other lands. The Illustrated Historical Atlas (1877) shows a farmhouse owned by Thomas Dent situated in the location of the present house situated at No Sixth Line. The Census Return (1881) notes 28-year farmer Robert B. Dent lived with his 70- year old, widowed mother Dorothy Dent, and 12-year old Elizabeth Dent. Dorothy Dent died on May 20, 1888, and is buried in St. Stephen s Anglican Church Cemetery, Hornby. 26 Robert Best Dent married 34-year old Augusta Tuck ( ) on April 17, 1889, at Omagh, Trafalgar Township. The Census Return (1891) notes that Robert Dent and his wife Gussie [Augusta] lived in a 9-room, two storey brick house. Morrey s Business Directory notes R. B. Dent of Drumquin owned property on Lot 9, Concession 6NS in 1896 and The Census Return (1901) notes 48-year old farmer Robert B. Dent, his wife Augusta Dent and a lodger John Tuck, probably a brother of Augusta, as the residents of a 10-room brick house on Lot 9. The Census Return (1911) notes Robert B. Dent, Augusta Dent, a lodger and a servant as a household on Lot 9, Concession 6NS. The Guidal map (1917) confirms R. B. Dent as the owner of the north part of Lot 9. Robert B. Dent sold the property to Robert Orr in 25 AO Surrogate Court Records, Halton County Wills , Thomas Dent # Ibid. April Maria Orr inherited the property in The Dent family owned Lot 9, Concession 6NS for over seventy years, from 1846 to Robert Orr is noted as a single, 34-year old farmer on Lot 9, Concession 6NS in the Census Return (1911). Cherie Barbara Davidson inherited the property from the estate of Maria Orr in January 1969, and then sold it to Edmund and Elizabeth Devenish in March Walter G. Eves and Donna M. Eves acquired ownership in August 1972; Paul and Deborah Preece in November Michael Loranger, Peter Grayson and John Abel bought the property in 1993, and Radha Soami Society Beas Canada became the property owner in Contextual Value: Once part of a 19 th century farm complex, the residence is set to the immediate south of Sixteen Mile Creek on the west side of Sixth Line. The surrounding lands have been landscaped in the vicinity of the residence, and the surrounding area is rural, characterized by agricultural field patterns, fencerows, hedgerows and tree lines. Summary of Cultural Heritage Value: This vernacular late Georgian style century brick house is considered to be well-designed with notable architectural details. It is relatively unchanged in character, although there is a large rear addition. The farmhouse represents the prosperous mid 19 th century agricultural development in this area of Trafalgar Township. The Thomas Dent family, early area settlers, owned the property from 1846 to 1918 and built the farmhouse.

56 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-36 References for Historical Summaries Archives of Ontario: Abstract Index, Trafalgar Township, Halton County. Township of Trafalgar: Assessment and Collectors Rolls from 1823 to Ontario Land Records Index, Trafalgar Township. Surrogate Court Records, Halton County, GS Ont Census Returns, Trafalgar Township, Halton County for 1851, 1861, 1871, 1881, 1891, 1901 and Cooke, Alex S. Milton area biographies; vol. 1. Milton Historical Society, Cooke, Alex S. Milton area biographies; vol. 2. Milton Historical Society, Gentilcore, R. Louis, and Head, C. Grant. Ontario s History in Maps. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, Halton-Peel Ontario Genealogical Society. Trafalgar Twp. Cemetery No. 4, Bloomfield Church Cemetery, Concession 6, Lot 13, 1991 and Trafalgar Twp. Cemetery No. 6, St. Stephen s Anglican Church Cemetery, Concession 9, Lot 15, Trafalgar Twp. Cemetery No. 12, Evergreen Cemetery, Concession 2, Lots 12 and 13, Halton-Peel Regions Ontario Polk Criss-Cross Directory Toronto: Polk Canada Ltd, Land Registry Office, Milton, Ontario, Trafalgar Township, Halton Region. Matthews, Hazel C. Oakville and The Sixteen. rpt Toronto: University of Toronto Press, Morrey s Business Directory for Halton Waterloo Wellington Counties (Ingersoll: Union Publishing Co., 1896 and Smith. W. H. Smith s Canadian Gazetteer. Toronto, Ont.: H & W Rowsell, Web sites ArchiviaNet: On-line. Library and Archives of Canada, Post Offices and Postmasters, Omagh, Hornby and Drumquin, Ontario. Access:-- <

57 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix A-37 Golf Courses.ca. Ontario s Top 50 Golf Courses Access:-- < HALINET Genealogy and Local History, Halton's Historical and Newspaper Records Search Form. <Access:-- Marriages at St. James Cathedral, Toronto Aug From Landmarks of Toronto, volume 3, p.395 ff, by John Ross Robertson. Access:-- < Stanley Thompson Society, Stanley Thompson. Access:-- < Tackaberry Times, Hornby to Hub or Not to Hub. Access:-- < default.asp>. Trafalgar Golf & Country Club. Course History, Keith Robinson Had a Dream by Betty Robinson Neil. Access:-- < Maps Guidal Landowner s Map of Trafalgar Township, Halton County, Province of Ontario. Toronto: Map and Advertising Co., Limited, c1917. Map of the Principal Communications in Canada West c compiled by Major Baron de Rottenburg. Map of Trafalgar Township. Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Halton. Toronto, Ont.: Walker & Miles, National Topographic Series. Brampton 30M/12, 1922, 1942, 1951, 1979 and Tremaine s Map of the County of Halton, Canada West. Toronto: Geo. R. Tremaine, 1858.

58 APPENDIX B HISTORICAL MAPS

59 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix B-1 Trafalgar Township, Tremaine Map Showing approximate boundaries of Plan area.

60 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix B-2 Trafalgar Township, Illustrated Historical Atlas Showing approximate boundary of Plan area.

61 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix B-3 National Topographic Series: Brampton 30 M/12, Note buildings of stone and brick construction are shown in red. The Sixteen Mile Creek is referred to as Oakville Creek.

62 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix B-4 National Topographic Series: Brampton 30 M/12, 1942.

63 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix B-5 National Topographic Series: Brampton M 30/12, Note some rural residential development within agricultural land in plan area. Barns, silos and outbuildings are shown as part of farm complexes.

64 Cultural Heritage Resource Report: Built Heritage & Cultural Heritage Landscapes Appendix B-6 National Topographic Series: Brampton M 30/12, Plan area still agricultural in character, with farm complexes. Note hydro transmission corridor development now in place along north side of the CP railway line and the James Snow Parkway has been built from Highway 401 to Main Street.