, ( BC) Chinese Journal of Ecology 2004,23 (2) :60 65

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1 Chinese Journal of Ecology 2004,23 (2) : , 2 ( 1, ; 2, ) 30,, ( ),, 20,,,,,,,,,, Q149 A (2004) Development and application of the theory of space and equilibrium in landscape ecology. L I Xiaoyu 1, XIAO Duning 1,2 ( 1 Cold and A rid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese A2 cademy of Sciences, L anzhou , China; 2 Institute of A pplied Ecology, Chinese Academy Sciences, Shenyang , China). Chinese Journal of Ecology,2004,23 (2) : Space has long been ignored, till the last two decades. The way in which the roles of space and spa2 tial heterogeneity in ecological dynamics were viewed has been shifted, and the importance of spatial pattern has been emphasized. Through the explicit consideration of space and spatial pattern it has been showed that spatial heterogeneity may act either to stabilize or destabilize ecological systems and processes. This paper reviewed these two changes in the way ecological systems were conceptualized and explored how they were inter2related. Advances in our understanding of the role of space and the nature of equilibrium in landscapes were discussed within the context of both modeling and empirical studies. Key words disturbance, equilibrium, landscape ecology, scale, spatial models, spatial pattern ,,, ( BC) [6 ] 30, ( ),,,,,, 70, [6 ],, 2,,,, [12,14 ] 15 20, 3 ( ) 3 3 : :

2 : 61 ;, ; ( ),, [6 ],,,,,, ( ), [12 ] :,, ( ), 2 ( matapopulation) [20 ], [24 ], [10,11 ], GIS,,,, (explanatory variable), [24 ],Roy [24 ],,, [37 ] 1988,,, ;, [19 ] [36 ] [3 ],,, Shugart [28 ],,,, ;,, ( ),, ;,Lord [15 ],, ( ), ( ) ( ) ( ),,,,,, ( ),Silver2 town [29 ] 5,

3 ,, O Neill [16 ],,, 59 %,,O Neill [16 ], :, ;, [16 ] Grimm [7 ] ( stability), ,, : (constancy) ; ( resilience) ; (persistence) ;, :, ( ),, Pickett [18 ] 5 : ; ; ; ;,,,,,,, [34 ], 312,,,,,,, ;, ;, : [6 ] ;,, (spatial legacy effects) ( ), Foster [4 ],, Romme [22 ], 200,,, 300 Romme [23 ], hm 2, 250 ;,Baker [1 ] hm 2, 5,,, [33 ], 2,,Runkle [25 ] 30 m 2, m 2, > 40 m 2 1 % ;,Strauss [31 ],99 % 1 %

4 : 63 ;Baker [1 ] Boundary Waters Canoe Area( ), ( ) 313,, [6 ], Shugart [27 ], 50,, Baker [1 ] 85, Shugart [27 ],,,, ( ), ;,,,,,, [32 ],?,,,, ( Pi nus ponderosa),,, [26 ], (, ), ( Tsuga canadensis), [5 ],, Turner [32 ],, 4 : ; ; ; 4, ( T) ( S), 3 : T > 1, ; T < 1, ; T = 1, S, : S > 1, ; S 1, [32 ], 314,, Padisak [17 ], ( ), ;,,, ( noise) [21 ] Holling [9 ], 4 ( ), 3,,

5 ,, 3,,,, ( ),, 3,, Hendry [8 ],,,,,, (,, ), Holling [9 ],,Wie2,, gand [35 ], Jana Verboom [13 ],,, :, ( ), ;, Cochrane [2 ] ;,,, ( ),,, 4, ;,,,,,, ;, (CAM),, [6 ] ( ) ( ),, 20, Jana Verboom [13 ] : ; / ; ; ; Steinberg [30 ],,, 5,, 20 ;, [1 ] Baker WL Landscape ecology and nature reserve in the

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