LANDSCAPE HETEROGENEITY AS A TOOL FOR ENHANCING BIODIVERSITY

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1 Landscape and Landscape ecology / 17th International Symposium May, Nitra, Slovakia University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical faculty, Agricultural institute of Slovenia, Aquarius d.o.o. LANDSCAPE HETEROGENEITY AS A TOOL FOR ENHANCING BIODIVERSITY / /

2 LANDSCAPE HETEROGENEITY AND BIODIVERSITY LANDSCAPE HETEROGENEITY: "mosaic concept (1) compositional variability and (2) configurational variability Complexity of spatial pattern and the variability of habitat structure (Duelli, 1997) BIODIVERSITY means the variability among living organisms from all sources including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems (Convention on biological diversity, 1992)

3 TEORETIC BACKGROUND AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES In the EU, around 75% of the landscapes are the result of agricultural use. Cultivation of nature à Special ecosystems Agricultural landscapes support 50% of all species in Europe.

4 TEORETIC BACKGROUND Traditional agricultural practices and extensive technologies Abandonment of agricultural use Intensification of agricultural production unification of landscapes and decrease of biodiversity

5 nature conservation and agricultural policies: TEORETIC BACKGROUND designation of High Nature Value farmland (30% of European agricultural landscapes) identification of LANDSCAPE FEATURES which are important for the maintenance of biodiversity

6 TEORETIC BACKGROUND Due to high heterogeneity of cultural landscape and their dependence on socio economic context, member states of the EU are supposed to define the landscape features to protect their biodiversity: research focused on landscape features in AGRICULTURAL AREAS OF SLOVENIA

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8 METHODS Nature Conservation Act, Decree on the Categories of Valuable Natural Features, Rules on the Designation and Protection of Valuable Natural Features cross-compliance conditions for agricultural payments Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 ecological focus areas, Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

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10 LANDSCAPE FEATURES - LISTED AS IMPORTANT FOR BIODIVERSITY humpy meadows rocky surface karstic cavities

11 LANDSCAPE FEATURES - LISTED AS IMPORTANT FOR BIODIVERSITY boulders and solitary rocks scree slopes terraces

12 ditches LANDSCAPE FEATURES - LISTED AS IMPORTANT FOR BIODIVERSITY trees and bushes (individual trees or groups of trees, tree alleys, hedgerows/border tree strips) flood dykes

13 LANDSCAPE FEATURES - LISTED AS IMPORTANT FOR BIODIVERSITY terrestrial vegetation hedges forest patches

14 LANDSCAPE FEATURES - LISTED AS IMPORTANT FOR BIODIVERSITY traditional meadow orchards humid meadows field margins

15 LANDSCAPE FEATURES - LISTED AS IMPORTANT FOR BIODIVERSITY low moor and peat-bogs swamplands water areas (pools, ponds)

16 LANDSCAPE FEATURES - LISTED AS IMPORTANT FOR BIODIVERSITY Drywalls heaps of stones

17 SELECTION OF TEST AREAS PARJE outside the nature conservation areas in Karst region

18 SELECTION OF TEST AREAS LJUBLJANSKO BARJE Landscape park in the Subalpine region

19 SELECTION OF TEST AREAS TRENTA in Triglav national park in the Alpine region

20 FIELDWORK Inventory of habitat types on site

21 FIELDWORK Inventory of landscape features on site

22 GIS - PARJE outside the nature conservation areas in Karst region

23 GIS - LJUBLJANSKO BARJE Landscape park in the Subalpine region

24 GIS - TRENTA in Triglav national park in the Alpine region

25 Each of the listed landscape features à MODEL:

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28 MAPPING PROCEDURE WEB APPLICATION INSTRUCTION MANUAL

29 Digital orthophoto MAPPING PROCEDURE

30 Digital orthophoto, Topographic maps MAPPING PROCEDURE

31 Digital elevation map MAPPING PROCEDURE

32 Digital orthophoto, Topographic maps, Agricultural land-use MAPPING PROCEDURE

33 UNRESOLVED QUESTIONS Some of the landscape features visible on the map are difficult to recognize on the site. There are some deviations from the DOF recent sleet with great consequences for the forest recent agricultural management the appropriateness of data layer used for the identification of these features Observing only the landscape feature without its context may be useless in terms of achieving the project objectives (improvement of biodiversity), so the need to define a reference frame of individual landscape feature has emerged.

34 CONCLUSION development of the guidelines for management and conservation of the landscape features, which are identified as important for biodiversity verified and updated based on the workshop with stakeholders. the planning approach is the most appropriate for conservation and management of the landscape diversity

35 University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical faculty, Agricultural institute of Slovenia, Aquarius d.o.o. Thank you for your attention! / / mojca.golobic@bf.uni-lj.si