25/08/2017 1

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7 Position of the observer at the same level of the viewing plane Position of the observer at the same level of the viewing plane 7

8 Lower position of the observer with respect to the plane Lower position of the observer with respect to the plane 8

9 Viewshed 9

10 Viewshed: area visible from a viewpoint 10

11 Panorama Viewshed (>120º-130º): An unobstructed view or prospect over a wide area, often in many directions. It looks out over an observable landscape from an area (area-to-area view) and large length Panorama Viewshed (>120º-130º): An unobstructed view or prospect over a wide area, often in many directions. It looks out over an observable landscape from a point (point-to-area view) 11

12 Vista Viewshed ( 130º). A view or prospect, especially one seen through a long, narrow avenue or passage, from onevista point to another (point-to-point view) or from an area to a point (area-to-point view). Vista Viewshed ( 130º). A view or prospect, especially one seen through a long, narrow avenue or passage, from one point to another (point-to-point view) or from an area to a point (area-to-point view). 12

13 Vista Viewshed ( 130º). A view or prospect, especially one seen through a long, narrow avenue or passage, from one point to another (point-to-point view) or from an area to a point (area-to-point view). 13

14 Visibility: It refers the limiting factors such as atmospheric conditions (fog, cloudy conditions, rain, etc.) Visibility: It refers the limiting factors such as the existence of occasional visual intrusions (vegetation, people, inappropriate element, etc.) 14

15 Viewshed composition Landscape components, depth of field, and composition features. Natural and physic components: geological structures, landforms, water body, vegetation. 15

16 Landscape components, depth of field, and composition features. Natural and physic components: geological structures, landforms, water body, vegetation, wildlife. Wetland Landscape Landscape components, depth of field, and composition features. Natural and physic components: geological structures, landforms, water body, vegetation, wildlife. 16

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18 Depth of field 18

19 Depth of field Landscape components, depth of field, and composition features. Natural and physic components: geological structures, landforms, water body, vegetation. 19

20 Landscape components, depth of field, and composition features. Natural and physic components: geological structures, landforms, water body, wildlife. Landscape components, depth of field, and composition features. Natural and physic components: geological structures, landforms, water body, wildlife. 20

21 Landscape components, depth of field, and composition features. Natural and physic components: geological structures, landforms, water body, vegetation. Landscape components, depth of field, and composition features. Natural and physic components: geological structures, landforms, water body, and Environmental components: astronomical phenomena (aurora borealis, milky way, sunrise or sunset, starts shower, etc.), 21

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23 Landscape components, depth of field, and composition features. Natural and physic components: geological phenomena (geothermal spring), landforms, water body, and Environmental components: smells, astronomical phenomena (aurora borealis, milky way, sunrise or sunset, starts shower, etc.), 23

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25 Compositional structure. Salient features (natural elements: geological formations) and Structural patterns Compositional structure. Salient features (natural elements: landforms) and Structural patterns 25

26 Compositional structure. Salient features (natural element: wildlife) and Structural patterns Compositional structure. Salient features (cultural asset) and Structural patterns 26

27 Compositional structure. Salient features (artificial element) and Structural patterns Compositional structure. Salient features (cultural asset) and Structural patterns 27

28 Compositional structure. Salient features (artificial) and Structural patterns Compositional structure Salient features and Structural patterns (natural landscape geometry: lines, shapes, edges, corner, junctions, etc.) 28

29 Compositional structure Salient features and Structural patterns (artificial landscape geometry: lines, shapes, edges, corner, junctions, etc.) Landscape type and character Landscape Character is the recognizable pattern of physical elements which makes an area distinct from other types of landscape and gives it its particular sense of place. It is the combination of geology, landform, soils, vegetation, land use, field patterns and human settlement that creates landscape character. 29

30 Type of landscape: Pristine Natural Landscape Stage of evolution: Active landscape Type of landscape: Pristine Natural Landscape Stage of evolution: Active landscape 30

31 Type of landscape: Pristine Natural Landscape Stage of evolution: Active landscape Type of landscape: Traditional Agro-ecosystem (rice-field) Stage of evolution: Relict landscape 31

32 Type of landscape: Traditional Agro-ecosystem (oasis) Stage of evolution: Relict landscape Type of landscape: Traditional Agro-ecosystem (fisheries) Stage of evolution: Relict landscape 32

33 Type of landscape: Traditional Salt-pans Stage of evolution: Relict landscape Type of landscape: Rural Landscape Stage of evolution: Active landscape 33

34 Type of landscape: Historic Urban Cultural Landscape Stage of evolution: Relict landscape Type of landscape: Modern Urban Landscape Stage of evolution: Active landscape 34

35 Type of landscape: Modern Urban Landscape Stage of evolution: Active landscape Landscape sensory attributes: visual ( harmony, colour, form, texture, movement, etc.), soundscape, olfactory, and tactile attributes 35

36 Tourism Value Landscape sensory attributes: visual ( harmony, colour, form, texture, movement, etc.), soundscape, olfactory, and tactile attributes 36

37 Landscape sensory attributes: visual ( harmony, colour, form, texture, movement, etc.), soundscape, olfactory, and tactile attributes Cultural, historical Associations 37

38 Cultural, historical, artistic, scientific, spiritual Associations Landscape condition Landscape Quality (or condition) is based on judgments made about the physical state of the landscape and about its intactness, from visual, functional and ecological perspectives. It also reflects the state of repair of individual features and elements which make up the character in any one place. 38

39 Current landscape condition 39

40 Recognition Intrinsic Value 40

41 Singularity Singularity 41

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43 Landscape Tourism Values Landscape Resistance or Visual absorption capacity (vs. Fragility or Landscape Sensitivity) 43

44 Uses 44

45 Programmes 45

46 Thanks for your attention!!! 46