Sustainability planning: insights from planning sustainable neighbourhoods in Europe

Transcription

1 Sustainability planning: insights from planning sustainable neighbourhoods in Europe Charling Li, P.Eng, M.Urb Planner Stantec Consulting Dr. Meg Holden Urban Studies and Geography Simon Fraser University Daniel Sturgeon, B.Pl. Candidate, M.Urb (Urban Studies) Simon Fraser University

2 Overview of session Introductions (5 mins) Part 1 (25 mins) Presentation enta (Part 1) Break ak-out/report back Part 2 (30 mins): Presentation enta (Part 2) Break ak-out/report back Questions The Twisting Torso, o, Vastra Hamnen n - Malmo, Sweden.

3 the critic s view Vastra Hamnen n - Malmo, Sweden

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5 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM IF CITY CLIMATE CHANGE + SUSTAINABILITY CHALLENGES AND IF CITY (human lives) NEIGHBOURHOODS THEN WHAT MODELS OF URBAN LIFE ARE OFFERED BY NEW URBAN NEIGHBOURHOODS? Dockside Green en Victoria, ia, British Columbia

6 URBANIZATION + URBANIZATION + TRANSFORMATION Population growth, expansion and densification: Cities are home to 54% of the world s population Economic dominance: Cities represent more than 80% of global economic productivity Resource and energy consumption: cities exert disproportionate pressure on planetary boundaries

7 URBANIZATION + URBANIZATION + TRANSFORMATION Leverage from urban infrastructure: electricity, heating and cooling, water and waste management, transportation; and civic infrastructure: local government, schools, hospitals, emergency, parks and recreation, community centres, daycare Urban innovation laboratories: pilot effects; nimble and collaborative governance; high education and diverse skills and passions; integrative rather than policy-silo thinking Social and human development advancement long associated with urban life

8 THE BENEFITS OF SCALE A district-scalescale approach to sustainable urban regeneration is now a critical city-making tool in repairing our stressed infrastructure, reducing gentrification, obesity and poverty, as well as building greater resilience to the impacts of a changing climate. Approaching sustainable development at a district scale can also deliver effective outcomes in an efficient way, including the building of place, creating greater equity, increasing innovation, and attracting investment. - Ecodistricts Policy Toolkit, 2014

9 The Village at Southeast False Creek ek - Vancouver (Photo: City of Vancouver)

10 The Ecourbanism Framework: ecol-urban econ-urban ] living-urban equi-urban local-urban diverse-urban democ-urban

11 Vastra Hamnen n - Malmo, Sweden

12 Model sustainable neighbourhood cases to be discussed: Hammarby by-sjostadt dt, Stockholm, Sweden 200 ha, former industrial harbour, complete in 2017, pop , ,000 jobs Vauban and Rieselfeld, Freiburg, Germany 43 ha, former military base, pop, 600 jobs. Western Harbour, Malmo, Sweden 175 ha of former industrial harbour, pop jobs Vastra Hamnen n - Malmo, Sweden

13 Nordhavn Copenhagen, Denmark

14 Model sustainable neighbourhood cases to be discussed: Nordhavn Copenhagen, Denmark 300 ha of peninsula and canalized islets, built on metro fill; exp. pop. 40,000, construction over 40+ years Stockholm Royal Seaport, Sweden Former gasworks; exp. pop. 40,000 HafenCity - Hamburg, Germany 157 ha former industrial port, expected pop. 12, ,000 jobs Nordhavn Copenhagen, Denmark

15 Certification frameworks for neighbourhoods to be discussed: Living Community Challenge Ecodistricts ts Global Protocol LEED Neighborhood Development

16 ECON-URBAN ECON-URBAN

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18 Green City Hotel Vauban, Freiburg, rg, Germany.

19 Certification frameworks: ECON-URBAN Ecodistricts: - Encourage emerging sectors & locally-owned businesses Living Community Challenge: - Set aside funding for charitable entreprises through a exchange program LEED ND: - Proximity of jobs and housing Green City Hotel Vauban, Freiburg, rg, Germany.

20 Certification frameworks: ECON-URBAN GAP: All 3 stay away from leveraging district-scale development to catalyze greater green economic growth within host cities Green City Hotel Vauban, Freiburg, rg, Germany.

21 ECOL-URBAN Dockside Green en Victoria, British Columbia

22 <No matter what, this area will be insanely well l - connected with metro stations.> Vauban an Freiburg, Germany

23 Parking fees in the car ar-free Solarsiedlung Vauban an Freiburg, Germany

24 Certification frameworks: ECOL-URBAN LEED ND: design with energy and water consumption targets, construction waste management LCC: implement net zero energy and water, with education (websites, brochures, operating manuals), and construction waste management EcoDistricts ts: Monitor energy and water use, organic waste diversion, but what about feedback? No clarity on how long-term social attitudes shifts can occur

25 LIVING-URBAN

26 <It feels a bit like walking around a movie set.> <The whole place seemed very built up. It everything seemed intentional and very well thought out.> <I couldn't really find an example of something that was just temporary or a pop up. Or something that was built because of peoples actions.> <It was too ready-made a public realm. We needed a new strategy to get people out and about in the area. So we are starting a container strategy.>

27 <I am surprised there was not more written information regarding sustainability in the village, although adding more plaques would only makes this neighbourhood feel even more touristy!>

28 Vastra Hamnen n Malmo, Sweden Hafencity - Hamburg, Germany

29 Malmo, Sweden

30 Certification frameworks: LIVING-URBAN Common approaches: Connectivity, accessibility & pedestrian orientation Access to civic/recreational al spaces and activities, commerce No significant focus on post st-occupancy use of public spaces Ecodistricts: ts: Participation in cultural events, sharing programs Living Community mun Challenge: Access to biophilic ic environments nm Encouragement for long ng-term arts/recreation programming LEED ND Building/street interface design requirements Community engagement through planning/design process Vastra Hamnen n - Malmo, Sweden

31 What are the tensions that you have experienced in your projects, in which planning and sustainability principles did not align with social contexts? How have the certification frameworks you have worked with facilitated or impeded this? Nordhavn - Copenhagen, Denmark

32 LOCAL-URBAN LOCAL-URBAN

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34 glashaus in Rieselfeldeld Freiburg, Germany

35 Certification frameworks: LOCAL-URBAN Frameworks are fairly silent on neighbourhood self lf-determination and active participation post st-project completion Access the local through setting aside space for urban agriculture/food production LEED ND: % area devoted to food production LCC: establish at least one staff/volunteer position to promote local food programs, sharing (car/bike/books/tools), arts & recreational Ecodistricts codistricts: ts: Encourage and track local sourcing agreements & programs and community ownership of organizations & businesses glashaus in Rieselfeldeld Freiburg, Germany

36 DEMOC-URBAN DEMOC-URBAN

37 baugruppenpe en Reisenfeld, Germany

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39 New intermediary organizations to share the risk New intermediary organiz and capture the reward

40 Hafencity Hamburg, Germany

41 Certification frameworks: DEMOC-URBAN LEED & LCC Some emphasis on community engagement in the planning and design of the project, through consultations/ s/charettes Not specific ic about continuing citizen involvement Ecodistricts ts certification available for going through formation process, striving for meaningful ngful participation w/ civic organizations Heavy emphasis on front nt-end engagement but not necessarily ongoing involvement

42 DIVERSE-URBAN DIVERSE-URBAN

43 Interviewee, speaking about Hammarby Sjostad (Stockholm, Sweden): <The city had planned this area for people 55+ (for people who were downsizing and looking for more comfortable apartment living). But in effect this population segment had no motivation to more to Hammarby Sjostad ad. Those who did move in were in their 30+ and with small children. > Hammarby Sjostad Stockholm, Sweden

44 <What was lacking initially in Hammarby ar Sjostad were daycare centres, preschools and schools. They had to re- do this planning, and there was a lot of publicity about this in the media. That was a big mistake by the city.> <I think they have done a good job overall on the environmental aspects here. But on the social dimensions and integration not so much.> Hammarby Sjostad Stockholm, Sweden

45 Vastra Hamnen n Malmo, Sweden

46 Certification frameworks: DIVERSE-URBAN All 3 frameworks value: Ensuring public and universal access (American Disabilities Act) Proximity to amenities (supermarkets, farmer s markets, retail, civic and community facilities) Housing diversity (affordability) No mention of culturally or socio io-economically diverse services, retail options or facilities LCC asks projects to consider: homeless access to public space Gentrification impacts considered but not how to address Vastra Hamnen n Malmo, Sweden

47 EQUI-URBAN Plateau de haye, Nancy, France

48 No social housing, we are Swedish! Meg: But if the City is the land owner, and if the City can set the price at which it sells the land and make the housing that results much less expensive, why can t the city do something about improving affordability? Thomas: Because if they did this then there would not be enough money to do important works for everyone like building new metro lines and roads. Meg: So not having social housing is a political position? Thomas: Yes, in a way. If someone is homeless, they can go to the social service worker, and they will find him a home. It just won t be here.

49 Certification frameworks: EQUI UI-URBAN Affordable housing is desired by all frameworks LEED ND: no statement on equity LCC: development that allows equitable access for all people, regardless of physical abilities, age, or socioeconomic status Involvement nt of project team - JUST certification Ecodistricts ts: asks for commitment t to equity strategy addressing procedural, distributional, structural and trans ns-generational equity Million Programme Social Housing Western ern Harbour, Sweden

50 Ecourbanism as a way in and a way out of social sustainability? The scale and pace of urbanization today demands that we create a way in to urban life At the same time, we need to envision ways out of current destructive trends Improvement and renewal are driven by a capitalist system its limitations require monitoring and governance. Creekside Community Centre, The Village at False Creek, Vancouver

51 What are the benefits and risks of incorporating social sustainability stai considerations into eco co-neighbourhood planning? How can certification frameworks evolve to assist this goal? Nordhavn - Copenhagen, Denmark Source:

52 THANK YOU. THANK YOU. Keep in touch at: Research papers at: Dr. Meg Holden Charling Li Daniel Sturgeon