L 9-1. ons for Heritage Designatiion. brook Farrm Clarkway Drive

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1 L 9-1 Brampton Heritage Board Date: January 21, 2014 Herita age Repo ort: Reaso ons for Heritage Designatiion Pineb brook Farrm Clarkway Drive January

2 L 9-2 Profile of Subject Property Municipal Address Clarkway Drive PIN Number Roll Number Legal Description CON 11 EHS PT LOT 15 Ward Number 10 Property Name Pinebrook Farmhouse Current Owner Jan and Patricia Seyfried Owner Concurrence No Current Zoning Agricultural Current Use(s) Agricultural Construction Date Circa 1880 Notable Owners or Occupants Heritage Resources on Subject Property Relevant Council Resolutions - Building(s), Cultural heritage landscape - Additional Information - 2

3 L Current Situation: The property at Clarkway Drive (Pinebrook Farm) is worthy of designation under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value or interest. The property meets the criteria for designation prescribed by the Province of Ontario under the Ontario Heritage Act, Regulation 9/06 for the categories of design/physical value, historical/associative value, and contextual value. This property is located within the Highway 427 Industrial Secondary Plan (Area 47). Secondary planning for SPA 47 is currently underway and a Cultural Heritage Study was prepared by Archaeological Services Inc (ASI) as input into this process. The study identified Clarkway Drive as a strong candidate for conservation and integration into future land use planning of the secondary plan area. 2. Description of Property The property at Clarkway Drive is acres located at the southeast corner of Clarkway Drive and Countryside Drive. It contains a farmhouse, detached garage, two barns, chicken coup, large pond, outdoor horse riding arena, and agricultural fields. The concentration of cultural heritage value is found on the western half of the property fronting Clarkway Drive. 3. Statement of Cultural Heritage Value or Interest Design/Physical Value: The Pinebrook Farmhouse was built circa 1880 in the Gothic Revival Style. The Pinebrook Farmhouse is particularly notable for its grand stature, excellent structural condition, and aesthetically pleasing design. The Gothic Revival style was popular in Ontario from 1830 to Some would argue that the Gothic style was the most important artistic movement to come out of England. In Ontario, the style was characterized by steeply pitched roofs, cross gables, arched windows, decorative bargeboard, and window shutters. Emphasis was also placed on decorative brickwork and millwork throughout exterior facades. Notable architectural features of the Pinebrook Farmhouse include dichromatic brickwork such as buff brick quoins, arched voussoirs and lozenges, two-over-two sash windows, Gothic arched window at front-gable, bay windows, stone foundation, front entrance with transom and sidelights, and large porch. The later addition of an Edwardian front porch with columns and balustrade further distinguishes the home. The 3

4 L 9-4 portion of the house at the rear is believed to pre-date the large brick front portion. It appears to be an original Gothic Cottage that was eventually incorporated into the construction of a larger farmhouse. The Pinebrook Farmhouse also exhibits significant interior features that contribute its cultural heritage value of the property. Noteworthy elements include original wood window and door trim, original wood floors, original door hardware, main stairway, and original log joists in the basement. A small bathroom on the main floor was once an egg room in the original configuration of the house. The property contains several significant landscapes features and ancillary structures. A meandering gravel laneway, tributary, mature trees, steep terraced landscape with stone steps, and snake-rail fencing help create a picturesque landscape. A large pond was created in 1964 when the farm was purchased by the current owners, who were a grant to create the pond as a fire fighting mechanism. The subject property, originally part of a 200-acre farm, also contains a chicken coop, detached garage, two barns, and outdoor horse riding arena. When the current owners purchased the farm in 1964, they retained all the existing structures on the lot with the exception of a drive shed. The main barn is a prominent gabled-roof wooden bank barn. The beams in the barn were constructed out of lumber that was cut on-site. Historical/Associative Value: The cultural heritage value also lies in its association with early residents of the Toronto Gore Township, particularly with regards to four generations of the Clark family, for whom Clarkway Drive was named. In 1829, Thomas Clark Jr. was sent by his father, Thomas Clark Sr., to locate a home for his family, which comprised of his step-mother Hannah Dixon, his full sister Mary, and half-brother and sisters, William, Ann, Bessie, Jane, and Richard. Being a devout Anglican, Clark spent three years travelling about the county with Reverend Adam Elliot and neglected to find a home for his family. He accompanied Elliot on his many trips throughout Albion, Chinguacousy, Vaughan, Caledon and Toronto Gore. His father Thomas Clark Sr., from Crombie Parish, Malton, Yorkshire, England, arrived with his family in 1831 and found that there was no house available. The Clarks were compelled to shift from cabin to cabin. By 1835, Thomas Clark Sr. bought the west half of Lot 15, Concession 11, Toronto Gore Township, and moved into a log house already on the property. A fine barn was built from timbers available on the property. The 4

5 L 9-5 property was purchased from the Reverend McKay, a local Methodist minister. When Thomas Clark Sr. submitted payment for the property, he did not secure a receipt as he naturally trusted the Reverend. However, the Minister denied ever receiving the money and the Clarks were forced to pay again to get a clear title to the land. Richard Clark inherited the farm, and married Jane Elizabeth Pierson. Richard Clark is shown on both Tremaine s map (1859) and Pope s Atlas (1877) as owner of Part Lot 15, Concession 11, EHS, Toronto Gore Township. The Census Return (1861) notes Richard Clark, wife Jane and family as residents of a one storey log house. Within ten years of marriage, Jane suddenly passed away, leaving Richard with four young children: Mary, Catherine, Thomas, and William. In 1850, Richard built a larger more comfortable home of field stone and pine boards, and in 1880 the present brick house was built. At the time, it was one of the largest and finest buildings in Toronto Gore Township. After the death of his wife, Richard s mother, Hannah, stepped in to take care of the young family. Richard later married a woman named Rachel Roodhouse. After his death in 1909, son William Clark inherited the house. The will of Richard Clark also contained a clause that ensured the farm would be passed to William s son, Howard, upon his death. From 1924 to William s death in 1938, Howard rented the property from his father. He married Laura Wiley and had eight children: Bruce, Helen, Mary, Lois, Olive, Freda, Erma, and Glenna. Howard continued to farm with the help of his family and in 1944, he increased his holdings by purchasing a 100 acre farm across the road from Clifford Ashley. The purchase of this farm allowed Howard Clark to invest in additional livestock and up-todate power machinery. Since four generations of Clarks owned and worked on the prominent farm, the adjacent street, Clarkway Drive, was named in their honour for their contribution to the local community. Present owners Jan and Patricia Seyfried purchased the farmhouse from the Clarks in Contextual Value: The property also holds contextual value as it is directly associated with Brampton s rich agricultural history. Toronto Gore Township was noted for being prosperous since farms were usually in a high state of cultivation. In the late 19 th century, the township experienced an economic boom much like its neighbouring township, Chinguacousy. At this time, the shift from log to brick farmhouses represented the agricultural prosperity 5

6 L 9-6 that prevailed in Brampton. As a masonry farmhouse constructed in the mid-19 th century, Pinebrook Farmhouse is an early token of an important phase in the growth of Toronto Gore. The contextual value of the property also lies in its status as a landmark on the southeast corner of Clarkway Drive and Countryside Drive. As an aesthetically beautiful and relatively large farmhouse on a picturesque property, Pinebrook Farmhouse is considered a landmark in the Toronto Gore. The mature vegetation that characterizes the landscape also establishes and supports the rural character of the intersection. 4. Description of Heritage Attributes Unless otherwise indicated, the reason for designation apply generally to all exterior elevations, facades, foundation, roof and roof trim, all doors, windows, other structural openings and associated trim, all architectural detailing, construction materials of wood, stone, brick, plaster parging, metal and glazing and related building techniques, fencing, all trees, shrubs, hedgerows, other vegetation and the grounds and vistas generally. To ensure that the cultural heritage value of this property is conserved, certain heritage attributes that contribute to its value have been identified specifically and they include: Gothic Revival architectural influence Masonry construction Buff brick detailing Fieldstone foundation Edwardian style front porch Front entrance with transom Asymmetrical front façade 2-over-2 sash wood windows Pointed arch window in front gable Voussoirs Bay windows Intricate raised brick detailing below windows Main interior stairway Original interior woodwork including floors, baseboards, and window and door trim Original doors and associated hardware Large gabled-roof wooden bank barn with stone foundation Meandering gravel driveway Tributary adjacent to Clarkway Drive 6

7 L 9-7 Steeped terraced landscape with stone steps Snake-rail fence Mature vegetation Landmark status Association with Clark family Association with rich agricultural history of Toronto Gore township and the economic boom of the late 19 th century 5. Alteration History and Heritage Integrity The following are the known alterations to the subject property: Bank barn converted into a horse stable Driveshed removed Rear addition to historic farmhouse 6. Archaeological Potential The subject property has archaeological potential. An archaeological assessment is recommended in advance of any major soil disturbance occurs on this property. 7. Policy Framework In the context of land use planning, the Province of Ontario has declared that the wise use and management of Ontario s cultural heritage resources is a key provincial interest. A set of Provincial Policy Statements (PPS) provides planning policy direction on matters of provincial interest in Ontario. These statements set the policy framework for regulating the development and use of land. The current set of policies was last reviewed in At that time, the cultural heritage policies were strengthened considerably. The relevant heritage policy statement is Section 2.6.1, which states that significant built heritage resources and significant cultural heritage landscapes shall be conserved. 7

8 L 9-8 PPS is tied to Section 3 of the Ontario Planning Act which stipulates that land use planning decisions by municipalities shall be consistent with the Provincial Policy Statements. The policy is also integrated with the Ontario Heritage Act. This piece of legislation grants municipalities powers to preserve locally significant cultural heritage resources through heritage designation. Decisions as to whether a property should be designated heritage or not is based solely on its inherent cultural heritage value or interest. City Council prefers to designate heritage properties with the support of property owners. However, Council will designate a property proactively, without the concurrence of a property owner as required. These principles are reflected in Brampton s Official Plan. The relevant policies are as follows: Section : All significant heritage resources shall be designated as being of cultural heritage value or interest in accordance with the Ontario Heritage Act to help ensure effective protection and their continuing maintenance, conservation and restoration. Section : Priority will be given to designating all heritage cemeteries and all Class A heritage resources in the Cultural Heritage Resources Register under the Ontario Heritage Act. Section : The City will give immediate consideration to the designation of any heritage resource under the Ontario Heritage Act if that resource is threatened with demolition, significant alterations or other potentially adverse impacts. These principles are also guided by recognized best practices in the field of heritage conservation. 8. Resources Land Records, Peel Region Registry Office, Lot 3, Concession 3 WHS, Chinguacousy Township Mikel, Robert. Ontario House Style: The Distinctive Architecture of the Province s 18 th and 19 th Century Homes. James Lorimer & Company Ltd: Toronto, Mrs. Howard Fletcher, ed. Tweedsmuir History, Castlemore Women s Institute, )Peel Region Archives 8

9 L 9-9 Peel Art Gallery, Museum + Archives (PAMA) Pope, J.H. Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Peel. Toronto: Walker & Miles, Tavender, Geo. From this year Hence: A History of the Township of Toronto Gore, Brampton, Unterman McPhail Associates, Summary of Historical Associations for Purposes of Inventory Evaluation. Walker & Miles. Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Peel. [2000 Edition]. Campbellford: Wilson s Publishing Company Ltd.,

10 L Appendix Figure 1: Location of Clarkway Drive on the southeast corner of Countryside Drive and Clarkway Drive Figure 2: Aerial view of Clarkway Drive 10

11 L 9-11 Figure 3: Bird s eye view of Clarkway Drive showin ng house, drive shed, two o barns, and mature ve egetation thrroughout (So ource: Bing Maps) # Figure 4: 1877 Map off the Toronto o Gore Town nship showin ng location of Clarrkway Drive 11

12 L 9-12 Figure 5: 1978 aerial of Clarkway Drive Figure 6: Front façade of Clarkway Drive 12

13 L 9-13 Figure 7: Front façade with pointed arch window, quoins, lozenge, voussoirs, 2-over-2 sash windows, and porch. Figure 8: North elevation 13

larger masonry home can be seen to the left Figure 10: Arched

14 L 9-14 Figure 9: South elevation; the centre gable of what is believed to be the original Gothic Cottage that pre-dates the larger masonry home can be seen to the left Figure 10: Arched window with raised brick voussoir, and buff brick lozenge 14

15 L 9-15 Figure 11: Unique brick pattern below bay windows # Figure 12: Buff brick drip mould above stone foundation 15

16 L 9-16 Figure 13: Original main staircase Figure 14: Decorated cut string on main stairway 16

17 L 9-17 Figure 15: Original wood window trim, baseboards and floors 17

18 L 9-18 Figure 16: Original log joists in basement Figure 17: Brick fireplace located in basement 18

19 L 9-19 Figure 18: Long tree-lined driveway leading to the house and barns Figure 19: Terraced lawn characterized by mature trees and stone steps 19

20 L 9-20 Figure 20: East elevation of prominent gabled-roof wooden bank barn with stone foundation Figure 21: West elevation of bank barn. 20

21 L 9-21 Figure 22: Interior of large barn with original beams of lumber cut on-site Figure 23: Original chicken coop 21

22 L 9-22 # Figure 24: Tributary running on the property, adjacent to Clarkway Drive # Figure 25: Tributary running on the property 22

L 1-1. Reason. ns for Heritage Designa

L 1-1. Reason. ns for Heritage Designa L 1-1 Herita age Repo ort: Reason ns for Heritage Designa ation Brampton Heritage Board Date: April 15, 2014 10300 Th he Gore Road Former Castlemore Sch hool S.S. No. 6 Ap pril 2014 4 L 1-2 Profile of