BUCHAREST - ROMANIA INTER-REGIONAL RELATIONSHIPS TOWARDS A BETTER URBAN BALANCE

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1 METREX POLYMETREX PROJECT RINA: NORTH-SOUTH INTERFACE ATHENS JULY 2006 BUCHAREST - ROMANIA INTER-REGIONAL RELATIONSHIPS TOWARDS A BETTER URBAN BALANCE Arch. Victoria-Marinela BERZA Director of BUMPC Eng. Rodica GHEORGHE Chief Department of Data Base and Urban Policies Arch. Ligia-Voichita CIORCILA Chief Department of Urban Planning

2 CONTENTS 1. Romania in the regional initiative 2. Connectivity transport corridors 3. Strategic guidelines of the national territory 4. Bucharest Capital City of Romania 5. Romania regional development 6. Bucharest Metropolitan Area 7. Inter-regional relationships

3 ROMANIA IN THE REGIONAL INITIATIVE Regional cooperation represents a significant part of the Romanian diplomacy which is complementary to the process of European and Euro-Atlantic integration. As part of the consolidation steps of its status in the integration process, Romania has actively involved in the promotion of the regional cooperation policy and programs by: dynamic participation in all European and South-East European organizations constant contribution to the debate of the issues of interest for the states involved.

4 CONNECTIVITY TRANSPORT CORRIDORS According to the map of the Pan-European Transport Corridors Network, Romania is an important knot of this network, being located at the crossroad of the two longest Pan-European Corridors, to wit: The Corridor 4, on the West-East direction: Berlin/Nuremberg Prague Budapest Bucharest Constanta Instanbul/Thessaloniki, penetrates Bucharest on the section Pitesti-Bucharest (A 1); The Corridor 9, on the North-South direction: Helsinki St. Petersburg Kiev/Moscow Chisinau/Odessa Bucharest Dimitrovgrad Alexandropolis and is totally superposed in the area of the Municipality of Bucharest; The Corridor 7 The Danube, which is at about 65 km distance from Bucharest, including, also, the Danube Black Sea Channel. CONNECTIONS WITH THE EUROPEAN TERRIT

5 CONNECTIVITY TRANSPORT CORRIDORS CONNECTIONS WITH THE EURO-ASIAN CORRIDORS

6 STRATEGIC GUIDELINES OF THE NATIONAL TERRITORY Romania s readmission in Europe by assertion of the Regional- European identity and sustainable spatial development Connection to the European and Strategic objectives Intercontinental network of spatial development poles and corridors; Urban balanced structure; Strengthening of trans-carpathians connections in view of a balanced regional development;

7 BUCHAREST CAPITAL CITY OF ROMANIA The special location of Bucharest near the Danube River and between the North and the South of the Continent could play a strategic role, making it an important crossroads, and a link between Western and Eastern Europe, that situation being equally important from a political, economic and cultural point of view for the future of our nation. The geographical position: 44 24'49" Northern latitude: the same as Beograd, Geneva, Bordeaux, Minneapolis); 26 05'48" Eastern longitude: (the same as Helsinki, Johannesburg). In view of its status, the City of Bucharest has to join the European urban centers structure in order to capitalize its own potential giving the increase of the economical competition between the European cities and regions.

8 BUCHAREST CAPITAL CITY OF ROMANIA LEVELS OF IMPORTANCE The biggest Urban Agglomeration of the country: holds structural relations with its surroundings; first rank in the national network of cities; 10% of the country population within the heart of the agglomeration. European Metropolis: over 2 milions inhabitants in the city; good geographic positioning, at the intersection of the main Pan- European transportation corridors. European Capital-City: Capital of Romania political and administrative center; Important role in the Central East European Region. In view of its status, the City of Bucharest has to join the European urban centers structure in order to capitalize its own potential giving the increase of the economical competition between the European cities and regions.

9 BUCHAREST CAPITAL CITY OF ROMANIA STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT A new identity for the City of Bucharest, according with its aspiration to become an European metropolis; A sustained vitality and attractiveness for Bucharest as a State Capital City and as a large urban human settlement; A new urban development according its territorial functions as an Urban Agglomeration and the City Core of the metropolitan area, with an active role at the regional, metropolitan and national level; Increasing the quality of life; Protection of the existing resources - natural, urban and architectural one.

10 REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT Within Member States of the European Union there is a key theme of regionalisation and regional determination. Many components of the Structural Funds are targeted at improving regional economies and reducing regional disparity. In the accession countries these themes are carried out through the pre-accession instruments SAPARD, ISPA and PHARE. In Romania there are eight development regions representing geographical areas similar to those existing in Member States at what is referred to as NUTS II level, the level at which regional initiatives take place.

11 INTER-REGIONAL CONNECTIONS

12 TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT THE METROPOLITAN AREA The development of Bucharest cannot be abstracted from its national context; so, the long process called transition to an open, democratic and marketoriented society that Romania has engaged in have a powerful effect on urban restructuring strategy.

13 BUCHAREST METROPOLITAN AREA BMA STRATEGIC GUIDELINES Polycentric and balanced urban system Development axis along the european transport corridors The green-yellow belt Regional parks of activities - clusters Extension of the BMA connectivit to the North-South Interface The Metropolitan Area 5,046 sq km; 2.6 million inhabitants; The Urbanized Area sq km; 2.1 million inhabitants; The City of Bucharest sq km; around 2 million inhabitants.

14 THE GREEN YELLOW BELT 1. DENSE URBANISED ARE 2. SPECIFIC URBANISATIO INSIDE THE G-Y BELT AREA 3. SPECIFIC URBANISATIO ON BORDER OF G-Y BELT The green yellow belt will improve the quality of life in the whole metropolitan area

15 REGIONAL PARKS OF ACTIVITIES CLUSTERS Co-operation areas based on common interests and created by mutual agreement of all urban actors involved in the process. Objectives: Capitalization of the local potential; Achieving a local identity; Promoting local brands; Access to the European Funds.

16 REGIONAL PARKS Buftea Media studious, Recreation, Depositing CLUSTERS Snagov Vlasia Sport & Recreation Bolintin Professional education, Agriculture, Water Supply for Bucharest Branesti Education, Research, Recreation, Religious Tourism Mihailesti Zootechnics and small industry related to it, Gardening, Recreation Comana Vegetables, Natural and Historical Tourism Budesti Depositing, Agriculture

17 Communications corridor Transfer of the common functions Brasov (indiferent or uncomfortable relations Ploiesti Change of the functional profile (temporary or specialised residence) Campina Population increase transfer Transfer of specific functions Change of the functional profile (population increase transfer) CAPITAL CORRIDOR INTERVENTIONS Settlements Bucharest Settlements Giurgiu Adaptation of the functional profile (stabilizing - population decrease) Harmonizing with the network CONNECTIVITY TO THE NORTH SOUTH INTERFACE

18 CO-OPERATION AXIS BETWEEN REGIONAL CENTRES Polycentricity Strengthening a polycentric and more balanced system of metropolitan areas, city clusters and settlements network Complementarity Strengthen a balanced settlements structure by building dynamic, attractive and competitive cities and urban regions. Connectivity Development of the national transport and telecommunications system integrated in the European network

19 Bucharest THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Data Sources: Bucharest City Hall Urban and Metropolitan Planning Centre of Bucharest National Research Institute Urban Project Bucharest University Of Architecture And Urban Planning Ion Mincu Bucharest Ministry of Transport, Building and Tourism