Accommodating Population Growth

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1 Accommodating Population Growth Urban redevelopment and TODS Irene Duckett

2 Land Use Patterns - Zurich

3 Suburbanisation Zurich Urban Area,

4 Zurich density compared to other cities

5 Zurich population density

6 Population Density Hobart source ABS Regional Population Growth West Moonah 2,100 per km2 Moonah 1,900 per km2 Sandy Bay 1,700 per km2 Hobart 1,170 per km2 Zurich urban area 1,075 per km2 Wider suburban area 800 km2

7 Redevelopment Strategy Public Transport Network Parking restrictions Urban redevelopment - TODS

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9 Multi nodal transit

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12 Public Transport Between 1984 and 2005 the number of passengers using public transport increased 41% from 209 to 294 million per year. Currently over people commute daily into the city for work or other reasons; 74% commute by suburban rail network. Within the city of Zurich, ¾ of all travel within the city is done by foot, public transport or bike. 1 in 5 (22%) people in the city of Zurich with a drivers license does not own a car. 38.8% of all residents commute by public transport, 37.9% commute by private car.

13 Inner urban redevelopment areas TOD principles activity centres established around a transport/transit node Medium to high density housing Mix of retail, employment, commercial and civic development Enhanced accessibility to via walking and cycling links Includes: Walking distance to transit stop Central feature of generous open space or green-space as community space Affordable housing and housing mix Reduced parking allowances/ and parking often not at ground level Frequent, fast, reliable public transport

14 Zurich West

15 Zurich West City Forum The aim of the committee was to soften the hardened fronts in the battle for building and zoning regulations (BZO) and to engage in constructive discussions Mayor of Zurich 1996

16 Goals Zurich West s redevelopment must add significant value to Zurich as a whole; Residential districts 4, 5, and 9 of the city benefit significantly from the redevelopment; The redevelopment (as with the initial planning process) be undertaken in a cooperative manner.

17 City Forum development principles A sustained benefit for the population, landowners and business community of the district and wider city; The strengthening of Zurich s national and international competitive economic position; The efficient cooperation and collaboration of stakeholders for an attractive and successful redevelopment in the long term; A desire for a high quality urban environment in Zurich West.

18 Urban Design Philosophies Orthogonal Grid Identity Spaces/Distinctive redevelopment Disturbance of orthogonality Niches and permeability Use across three levels Active Streets and Facades Contrast Large structures and large scales with smaller buildings and fine grain Hierarchical road structure Maintain Views/Vistas Physical networking of open space Public and Semi Public indoor space Continuous ground floor level

19 Puls 5 conversion of industrial buildings

20 Frau Gerold s Garten

21 Public Transport

22 Extension of tram route 4 & 8

23 Munich You can t prohibit people from using their cars. You can only make other modes of transport more attractive. George Friedrich, City of Munich

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26 Arabella Park and St Emmeram Munich

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28 Mix of housing types

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31 Well designed shared social spaces

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33 Mixed use

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36 St Emmeram

37 The urban redevelopment strategies of both cities are based on this one important principle: Population growth needs to be supported by infrastructure, the most important of which is transport. Mobility impacts Social equity (access to services, jobs) Environment / carbon Physical capacity of infrastructure/roads Economic - cost of supply Land resource Impact on social interaction and quality of environment (removing car dominance from the physical environment allows for other activities to occur) Health

38 Integrated Transport

39 Winterthur Zurich pop. 100,000

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41 Scale

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43 Creating Communities

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46 Public Infrastructure

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48 Roads to accommodate modes of transport

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51 Mixed use

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56 Underground Parking

57 Eulachpark Zurich

58 Recreation social spaces

59 Zurich West

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62 New Oerlikon

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64 Euchlapark

65 History - connectivity with the past

66 Folly - urban colour

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72 Water

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75 Castle Square Warsaw

76 Wintergarten Munich

77 CONCLUSIONS Population growth needs to be supported by infrastructure, the most important of which is mobility. Medium density development is more cost effective to service, and provides population densities which make the provision of other services and activities viable. Development centred around multi nodal transport networks (TODS) not only allows for choice in movement but makes that choice more attractive. Medium or high density development must incorporate urban design qualities that foster communities. Our regulatory environment needs to, if not encourage, then at least accommodate innovation and quality in built environments. This goal cannot be achieved without integrated land use planning, incorporating multi nodal transport and movement, and across two if not three tiers of government.