CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT: BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES

Transcription

1 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT: BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES EXISTING CONDITIONS IMPACT ASSESSMENT WILSON STREET RECONSTRUCTION MUNICIPAL CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT STUDY FORMER TOWNSHIP OF GUELPH, WELLINGTON COUNTY CITY OF GUELPH, ONTARIO Prepared for: WalterFedy 675 Queen Street South, Suite 111 Kitchener, ON, N2M 1A1 T File: 16EA-131 June 2016 (Revised September 2016)

2 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT: BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES EXISTING CONDITIONS IMPACT ASSESSMENT WILSON STREET RECONSTRUCTION MUNICIPAL CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT STUDY FORMER TOWNSHIP OF GUELPH, WELLINGTON COUNTY CITY OF GUELPH, ONTARIO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Archaeological Services Inc. () was contracted by WalterFedy to conduct a Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment as part of the Wilson Street Reconstruction Municipal Class Environmental Assessment (EA) in the City of Guelph. The project involves the reconstruction of Wilson Street from Gordon/Norfolk to Macdonell Street. The results of background historic research and a review of secondary source material revealed a study area with a land use history dating back to the early-nineteenth century. The field review confirmed that this area retains nineteenth-century cultural heritage resources. A total of 11 built heritage resources and four cultural heritage landscapes were identified within or adjacent to the Wilson Street study area. Following review of the preferred design concept (received August 2016) for the Wilson Street Reconstruction Class EA, it was determined that there will be no direct/indirect impacts to the heritage values associated with the identified cultural heritage resources. Based on the results of the assessment, the following recommendations have been developed. 1. Staging and construction activities should be suitably planned and undertaken to avoid negative impacts to identified cultural heritage resources. 2. Should future work require an expansion of the study area then a qualified heritage consultant should be contacted in order to confirm the impacts of the proposed work on potential heritage resources. 3. This report should be submitted to the Ministry of Tourism, Culture, and Sport, and to heritage staff at the City of Guelph for review and comment.

3 City of Guelph, Ontario Page iii ARCHAEOLOGICAL SERVICES INC. CULTURAL HERITAGE DIVISION PROJECT PERSONNEL Senior Project Manager: Project Manager: Cultural Heritage Specialist: Project Coordinator: Project Administrator: Report Preparation: Graphics Preparation: Report Reviewer: Lindsay Graves, MA Cultural Heritage Specialist Assistant Manager, Cultural Heritage Division Heidy Schopf, MES, CAHP Cultural Heritage Specialist Heidy Schopf Sarah Jagelewski, Hon. BA Staff Archaeologist Assistant Manager, Environmental Assessment Division Carol Bella, Hon. BA Research Archaeologist and Administrative Assistant Heidy Schopf Heidy Schopf Jonas Fernandez, MSc Geomatics Specialist Lindsay Graves

4 City of Guelph, Ontario Page iv TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... ii PROJECT PERSONNEL...iii TABLE OF CONTENTS... iv 1.0 INTRODUCTION BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT CONTEXT Legislation and Policy Context Municipal Policies Data Collection BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT Introduction Township Survey and Settlement Town of Guelph Review of Historic Mapping Review of Historic Photos Existing Conditions Wilson Street Reconstruction Existing Conditions Wilson Street Reconstruction Improvements Identified Cultural Heritage Resources Screening for Potential Impacts Potential Impacts of the Preferred Design Concept on Cultural Heritage Resources CONCLUSIONS Key Findings RECOMMENDATIONS REFERENCES CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE INVENTORY CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE LOCATION MAPPING APPENDIX A: PREFERRED DESIGN CONCEPT LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Location of the study area... 1 Figure 2: 1827 Plan of the Town of Guelph as laid out by John Galt Figure 3: Sketch of the Guelph Town Hall from the 1862 Map of Guelph Figure 4: The study area overlaid on the 1878 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph Figure 5: 1891 Map of the City of Guelph...14 Figure 6: The study area overlaid on the 1906 map of the City of Guelph...14 Figure 7: The study area overlaid on the 1929 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph Figure 8: Location of Built Heritage Resoures (BHR) and Cultural Heritage Landscapes (CHL) LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Nineteenth-century property owners and historical features...12 Table 2: Summary of built heritage resources (BHR) and cultural heritage landscapes (CHL) in the study area 20 Table 3: Impacts to Identified Cultural Heritage Resources and Recommended Mitigation Strategies Table 4: Inventory of built heritage resources (BHR) and cultural heritage landscapes (CHL) in the study area 28

5 City of Guelph, Ontario Page v LIST OF PLATES Plate 1: 1874 Photo of Market Square...15 Plate 2: 2016 photo of the intersection of Wilson Street and Carden Street, formerly Market Square...15 Plate 3: Farmer s Market at City Hall circa Plate 4: 2016 photo of Carden Street, formerly part of the Farmer s Market at City Hall Plate 5: Wilson Street from the corner of Carden Street, circa Plate 6: 2016 photo of Wilson Street from the corner of Carden Street Plate 7: Wilson Street, Plate 8: 2016 photo of Wilson Street Plate 9: Wilson Street, looking towards the CNR Tracks, circa Plate 10: 2016 photo of Wilson Street, looking towards the CNR Tracks...17 Plate 11: 1947 Photo of Guelph Fire Department and Fire Station...17 Plate 12: 2016 photo of Guelph City Hall, formerly the Guelph Fire Station. Note the restoration of the bottom half of the stone building Plate 13: North-northeast view of the intersection of Waterloo Avenue, Wilson Street, and Gordon Street Plate 14: Northeast view of the study area. Note the rail bridge on the left and the historic building on the right Plate 15: North-northwest view of Wilson Street. Note the historic stone building on the right Plate 16: Southeast view of the study area looking towards the CNR bridge. Note the parking lot on the right and City Hall on the left Plate 17: West-northwest view of Wilson Street. Note the intact row of historic buildings on the left side of the street Plate 18: West-southwest view of the intersection of Wilson Street and Macdonell Street. Note the intact row of historic buildings on the left Plate 19: North-northeast view of the intersection of Wilson Street and MacdonellMacdonell Street. Note the historic stone building in middle of the photo Plate 20: North-northeast view of the intersection of Wilson Street and Carden Street. There is an intact row of historic commercial buildings on the northeast corner of Carden Street Plate 21: West-southwestview of Carden Street looking towards Wilson Street... 20

6 City of Guelph, Ontario Page INTRODUCTION was contracted by WalterFedy to conduct a as part of the Wilson Street Reconstruction Municipal Class Environmental Assessment (EA) in the City of Guelph. The project involves the reconstruction of Wilson Street from Gordon/Norfolk to Macdonell Street (Figure 1). The purpose of this report is to present a built heritage and cultural landscape inventory of cultural heritage resources, identify existing conditions of the Wilson Street study area, identify impacts to cultural heritage resources, and propose appropriate mitigation measures. This research was conducted under the senior project management of Lindsay Graves and project management of Heidy Schopf, both of. Figure 1: Location of the study area Base Map: OpenStreetMap and contributors, Creative Commons-Share Alike License (CC-BY-SA) 2.0 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT CONTEXT 2.1. Legislation and Policy Context This cultural heritage assessment considers cultural heritage resources in the context of improvements to specified areas, pursuant to the Environmental Assessment Act. This assessment addresses above ground cultural heritage resources over 40 years old. Use of a 40 year old threshold is a guiding principle when conducting a preliminary identification of cultural heritage resources (Ministry of Transportation 2006;

7 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 2 Ministry of Transportation 2007; Ontario Realty Corporation 2007). While identification of a resource that is 40 years old or older does not confer outright heritage significance, this threshold provides a means to collect information about resources that may retain heritage value. Similarly, if a resource is slightly younger than 40 years old, this does not preclude the resource from retaining heritage value. For the purposes of this assessment, the term cultural heritage resources was used to describe both cultural heritage landscapes and built heritage resources. A cultural landscape is perceived as a collection of individual built heritage resources and other related features that together form farm complexes, roadscapes and nucleated settlements. Built heritage resources are typically individual buildings or structures that may be associated with a variety of human activities, such as historical settlement and patterns of architectural development. The analysis throughout the study process addresses cultural heritage resources under various pieces of legislation and their supporting guidelines. Under the Environmental Assessment Act (1990) environment is defined in Subsection 1(c) to include: cultural conditions that influence the life of man or a community, and; any building, structure, machine, or other device or thing made by man. The Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport is charged under Section 2 of the Ontario Heritage Act with the responsibility to determine policies, priorities and programs for the conservation, protection and preservation of the heritage of Ontario and has published two guidelines to assist in assessing cultural heritage resources as part of an environmental assessment: Guideline for Preparing the Cultural Heritage Resource Component of Environmental Assessments (1992), and Guidelines on the Man-Made Heritage Component of Environmental Assessments (1981). Accordingly, both guidelines have been utilized in this assessment process. The Guidelines on the Man-Made Heritage Component of Environmental Assessments (Section 1.0) states the following: When speaking of man-made heritage we are concerned with the works of man and the effects of his activities in the environment rather than with movable human artifacts or those environments that are natural and completely undisturbed by man. In addition, environment may be interpreted to include the combination and interrelationships of human artifacts with all other aspects of the physical environment, as well as with the social, economic and cultural conditions that influence the life of the people and communities in Ontario. The Guidelines on the Man-Made Heritage Component of Environmental Assessments distinguish between two basic ways of visually experiencing this heritage in the environment, namely as cultural heritage landscapes and as cultural features. Within this document, cultural heritage landscapes are defined as the following (Section 1.0): The use and physical appearance of the land as we see it now is a result of man s activities over time in modifying pristine landscapes for his own purposes. A cultural landscape is perceived as a collection of individual man-made features into a whole. Urban cultural landscapes are sometimes given special names such as townscapes or streetscapes that describe various scales of perception from the general scene to the particular view. Cultural landscapes in the countryside are viewed in or adjacent to

8 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 3 natural undisturbed landscapes, or waterscapes, and include such land uses as agriculture, mining, forestry, recreation, and transportation. Like urban cultural landscapes, they too may be perceived at various scales: as a large area of homogeneous character; or as an intermediate sized area of homogeneous character or a collection of settings such as a group of farms; or as a discrete example of specific landscape character such as a single farm, or an individual village or hamlet. A cultural feature is defined as the following (Section 1.0): an individual part of a cultural landscape that may be focused upon as part of a broader scene, or viewed independently. The term refers to any man-made or modified object in or on the land or underwater, such as buildings of various types, street furniture, engineering works, plantings and landscaping, archaeological sites, or a collection of such objects seen as a group because of close physical or social relationships. The Minister of Tourism, Culture, and Sport has also published Standards and Guidelines for Conservation of Provincial Heritage Properties (April 2010; Standards and Guidelines hereafter). These Standards and Guidelines apply to properties the Government of Ontario owns or controls that have cultural heritage value or interest. They are mandatory for ministries and prescribed public bodies and have the authority of a Management Board or Cabinet directive. Prescribed public bodies include: Agricultural Research Institute of Ontario Hydro One Inc. Liquor Control Board of Ontario McMichael Canadian Art Collection Metrolinx The Niagara Parks Commission. Ontario Heritage Trust Ontario Infrastructure Projects Corporation Ontario Lottery and Gaming Corporation Ontario Power Generation Inc. Ontario Realty Corporation Royal Botanical Gardens Toronto Area Transit Operating Authority St. Lawrence Parks Commission The Standards and Guidelines provide a series of definitions considered during the course of the assessment: A provincial heritage property is defined as the following (14): Provincial heritage property means real property, including buildings and structures on the property, that has cultural heritage value or interest and that is owned by the Crown in right of Ontario or by a prescribed public body; or that is occupied by a ministry or a prescribed public body if the terms of the occupancy agreement are such that the ministry or public body is entitled to make the alterations to the property that may be required under these heritage standards and guidelines.

9 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 4 A provincial heritage property of provincial significance is defined as the following (14): Provincial heritage property that has been evaluated using the criteria found in Ontario Heritage Act O.Reg. 10/06 and has been found to have cultural heritage value or interest of provincial significance. A built heritage resource is defined as the following (13): one or more significant buildings (including fixtures or equipment located in or forming part of a building), structures, earthworks, monuments, installations, or remains associated with architectural, cultural, social, political, economic, or military history and identified as being important to a community. For the purposes of these Standards and Guidelines, structures does not include roadways in the provincial highway network and in-use electrical or telecommunications transmission towers. A cultural heritage landscape is defined as the following (13): a defined geographical area that human activity has modified and that has cultural heritage value. Such an area involves one or more groupings of individual heritage features, such as structures, spaces, archaeological sites, and natural elements, which together form a significant type of heritage form distinct from that of its constituent elements or parts. Heritage conservation districts designated under the Ontario Heritage Act, villages, parks, gardens, battlefields, mainstreets and neighbourhoods, cemeteries, trails, and industrial complexes of cultural heritage value are some examples. Additionally, the Planning Act (1990) and related Provincial Policy Statement (PPS), which was updated in 2014, make a number of provisions relating to heritage conservation. One of the general purposes of the Planning Act is to integrate matters of provincial interest in provincial and municipal planning decisions. In order to inform all those involved in planning activities of the scope of these matters of provincial interest, Section 2 of the Planning Act provides an extensive listing. These matters of provincial interest shall be regarded when certain authorities, including the council of a municipality, carry out their responsibilities under the Act. One of these provincial interests is directly concerned with: 2.(d) the conservation of features of significant architectural, cultural, historical, archaeological or scientific interest Part 4.7 of the PPS states that: The official plan is the most important vehicle for implementation of this Provincial Policy Statement. Comprehensive, integrated and long-term planning is best achieved through official plans. Official plans shall identify provincial interests and set out appropriate land use designations and policies. To determine the significance of some natural heritage features and other resources, evaluation may be required. Official plans should also coordinate cross-boundary matters to complement the actions of other planning authorities and promote mutually beneficial solutions. Official plans

10 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 5 shall provide clear, reasonable and attainable policies to protect provincial interests and direct development to suitable areas. In order to protect provincial interests, planning authorities shall keep their official plans up-to-date with this Provincial Policy Statement. The policies of this Provincial Policy Statement continue to apply after adoption and approval of an official plan. Those policies of particular relevance for the conservation of heritage features are contained in Section 2- Wise Use and Management of Resources, wherein Subsection Cultural Heritage and Archaeological Resources, makes the following provisions: Significant built heritage resources and significant cultural heritage landscapes shall be conserved. A number of definitions that have specific meanings for use in a policy context accompany the policy statement. These definitions include built heritage resources and cultural heritage landscapes. A built heritage resource is defined as: a building, structure, monument, installation or any manufactured remnant that contributes to a property s cultural heritage value or interest as identified by a community, including an Aboriginal community (PPS 2014). A cultural heritage landscape is defined as a defined geographical area that may have been modified by human activity and is identified as having cultural heritage value or interest by a community, including an Aboriginal community. The area may involve features such as structures, spaces, archaeological sites or natural elements that are valued together for their interrelationship, meaning or association (PPS 2014). Examples may include, but are not limited to farmscapes, historic settlements, parks, gardens, battlefields, mainstreets and neighbourhoods, cemeteries, trailways, and industrial complexes of cultural heritage value. In addition, significance is also more generally defined. It is assigned a specific meaning according to the subject matter or policy context, such as wetlands or ecologically important areas. With regard to cultural heritage and archaeology resources, resources of significance are those that are valued for the important contribution they make to our understanding of the history of a place, an event, or a people (PPS 2014). Criteria for determining significance for the resources are recommended by the Province, but municipal approaches that achieve or exceed the same objective may also be used. While some significant resources may already be identified and inventoried by official sources, the significance of others can only be determined after evaluation (PPS 2014). Accordingly, the foregoing guidelines and relevant policy statement were used to guide the scope and methodology of the cultural heritage assessment Municipal Policies The City of Guelph provides cultural heritage policies in Section 3.5 of its Official Plan (2014). Cultural heritage policies relevant to this assessment are provided below:

11 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 6 Cultural Heritage Resources General Policies This Plan promotes the design of development proposals in a manner, which preserves and enhances the context in which cultural heritage resources are situated Development proposals in the City shall be designed to be consistent with the maintenance of cultural heritage resources and, in addition, shall incorporate these resources into specific design proposals where possible. 1. Built heritage resources shall be preserved and incorporated into all development plans, unless the applicant demonstrates to City Council that the built heritage resource does not meet the criteria for designation used by the City of Guelph Local Architectural Conservation Advisory Committee (LACAC) in assessing designations under the Ontario Heritage Act. Consultation with the City of Guelph LACAC is encouraged Consideration shall be given to the integration of built heritage resources into development proposals with regards to the following objectives: a) To maintain the original location and orientation to the street in the proposed road and lot pattern of the development; and b) To preserve existing landscape features to the greatest extent possible. 3. The City may require, as a condition of approval of a development proposal within which a built heritage resource is situated, the provision of one or more performance assurances, performance security, property insurance and/or maintenance agreements, in a form acceptable to the City. 4. The City may require as a condition of approval of a development proposal, including the issuance of a building permit, change of use or partial demolition of a built heritage resource, that the proponent enter into agreements to preserve and/or permit to be designated, as the City sees fit, the built heritage resource through other legal instruments as may be noted in the Official Plan. Other Conservation Measures The City may require, as a condition of approval for the demolition of all or a portion of a built heritage resource, that the applicant complete the following: City of Guelph Official Plan 2001 Page 24 September 2014 Consolidation a) Demonstrate to City Council that the built heritage resource does not meet the criteria for designation used by the City in assessing designations under the Ontario Heritage Act. Submissions by proponents will be reviewed by the City of Guelph LACAC. Consultation with the City of Guelph LACAC is encouraged. b) Where demolition approval is granted, and upon request, provide full documentation of the built heritage resource for archival purposes, consisting of a history, photographic record and

12 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 7 measured drawings, all in a format acceptable to the City, in consultation with the Guelph LACAC, prior to the issuance of the demolition permit. c) Provide and deliver all or any part of the demolished built heritage resource that the City, in consultation with the Guelph LACAC, considers appropriate for re-use, archival, display, or commemorative purposes, to the City, at no cost. The City may use or dispose of these artifacts, as it deems appropriate The City will encourage measures to preserve mature trees of scenic value, and any other cultural heritage landscape resources of heritage significance. Existing City of Guelph Official Plan 2001 Page 26 September 2014 Consolidation trees, tree and hedge lines should be an essential consideration in the design of any development proposal. The City will consider measures to preserve mature, desirable trees along streets and roads, except in circumstances where removal is necessary because of disease, damage, or to ensure public health and safety 2.3. Data Collection In the course of the cultural heritage assessment, all potentially affected cultural heritage resources are subject to inventory. Short form names are usually applied to each resource type, (e.g. barn, residence). Generally, when conducting a preliminary identification of cultural heritage resources, three stages of research and data collection are undertaken to appropriately establish the potential for and existence of cultural heritage resources in a particular geographic area. Background historic research, which includes consultation of primary and secondary source research and historic mapping, is undertaken to identify early settlement patterns and broad agents or themes of change in a study area. This stage in the data collection process enables the researcher to determine the presence of sensitive heritage areas that correspond to nineteenth and twentieth-century settlement and development patterns. To augment data collected during this stage of the research process, federal, provincial, and municipal databases and/or agencies are consulted to obtain information about specific properties that have been previously identified and/or designated as retaining cultural heritage value. Typically, resources identified during these stages of the research process are reflective of particular architectural styles, associated with an important person, place, or event, and contribute to the contextual facets of a particular place, neighbourhood, or intersection. A field review is then undertaken to confirm the location and condition of previously identified cultural heritage resources. The field review is also utilised to identify cultural heritage resources that have not been previously identified on federal, provincial, or municipal databases. Several investigative criteria are utilised during the field review to appropriately identify new cultural heritage resources. These investigative criteria are derived from provincial guidelines, definitions, and past experience. During the course of the environmental assessment, a built structure or landscape is identified as a cultural heritage resource if it is considered to be 40 years or older, and if the resource satisfies at least one of the following criteria: Design/Physical Value: It is a rare, unique, representative or early example of a style, type, expression, material or construction method. It displays a high degree of craftsmanship or artistic merit.

13 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 8 It demonstrates a high degree of technical or scientific achievement. The site and/or structure retains original stylistic features and has not been irreversibly altered so as to destroy its integrity. It demonstrates a high degree of excellence or creative, technical or scientific achievement at a provincial level in a given period. Historical/Associative Value: It has a direct association with a theme, event, belief, person, activity, organization, or institution that is significant to: the City of Guelph; the Province of Ontario; or Canada. It yields, or has the potential to yield, information that contributes to an understanding of the history of the: the City of Guelph; the Province of Ontario; or Canada. It demonstrates or reflects the work or ideas of an architect, artist builder, designer, or theorist who is significant to: the City of Guelph; the Province of Ontario; or Canada. It represents or demonstrates a theme or pattern in Ontario s history. It demonstrates an uncommon, rare or unique aspect of Ontario s cultural heritage. It has a strong or special association with the entire province or with a community that is found in more than one part of the province. The association exists for historic, social, or cultural reasons or because of traditional use. It has a strong or special association with the life or work of a person, group or organization of importance to the province or with an event of importance to the province. Contextual Value: It is important in defining, maintaining, or supporting the character of an area. It is physically, functionally, visually, or historically linked to its surroundings. It is a landmark. It illustrates a significant phase in the development of the community or a major change or turning point in the community s history. The landscape contains a structure other than a building (fencing, culvert, public art, statue, etc.) that is associated with the history or daily life of that area or region. There is evidence of previous historic and/or existing agricultural practices (e.g. terracing, deforestation, complex water canalization, apple orchards, vineyards, etc.) It is of aesthetic, visual or contextual important to the province. If a resource meets one of these criteria it will be identified as a cultural heritage resource and is subject to further research where appropriate and when feasible. Typically, detailed archival research, permission to enter lands containing heritage resources, and consultation is required to determine the specific heritage significance of the identified cultural heritage resource. When identifying cultural heritage landscapes, the following categories are typically utilized for the purposes of the classification during the field review: Farm complexes: Roadscapes: comprise two or more buildings, one of which must be a farmhouse or barn, and may include a tree-lined drive, tree windbreaks, fences, domestic gardens and small orchards. generally two-lanes in width with absence of shoulders or narrow shoulders only, ditches, tree lines, bridges, culverts and other associated features.

14 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 9 Waterscapes: Railscapes: Historical settlements: Streetscapes: Historical agricultural landscapes: Cemeteries: waterway features that contribute to the overall character of the cultural heritage landscape, usually in relation to their influence on historic development and settlement patterns. active or inactive railway lines or railway rights of way and associated features. groupings of two or more structures with a commonly applied name. generally consists of a paved road found in a more urban setting, and may include a series of houses that would have been built in the same time period. generally comprises a historically rooted settlement and farming pattern that reflects a recognizable arrangement of fields within a lot and may have associated agricultural outbuildings, structures, and vegetative elements such as tree rows. land used for the burial of human remains. Results of the desktop data collection and field review are contained in Sections 3.0, while Sections 4.0 and 5.0 contain conclusions and recommendations with respect to potential impacts of the undertaking on identified cultural heritage resources. 3.0 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT 3.1. Introduction This section provides a brief summary of historical research and a description of identified above ground cultural heritage resources that may be affected by the proposed undertaking. A review of available primary and secondary source material was undertaken to produce a contextual overview of the study area, including a general description of Euro-Canadian settlement and land use. Historically, the study area is located in the Former Township of Guelph, Wellington County in the following lots: Lots , 131, and Market Place, St. Andrews Ward, Town of Guelph 3.2. Township Survey and Settlement Guelph Township is named after the Royal House of Brunswick, family of the English monarch, George IV. Guelph Township was surveyed by John MacDonald in 1830 and the land in the township was purchased by the Canada Company, which consisted of a group of British speculators who acquired more than two million acres of land in Upper Canada for colonization purposes (Mika and Mika 1981:186). A large number of settlers arrived in the township before it was surveyed. The first settler in the township was Samuel Rife, who squatted near the western limits of the township around the year Many

15 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 10 settlers arrived in the township between the years 1827 and 1830 and took up land in different parts of the township. Because of repeated annexations by the City of Guelph, the township s area decreased from 42,338 acres in the late nineteenth-century to 29,171 acres in 1976 (Mika and Mika 1981:187). The townships of Guelph and Eramosa were merged in 1999 to form the Township of Guelph/Eramosa Town of Guelph Guelph is situated on the River Speed, in Guelph Township. Guelph was first laid out by a novelist named John Galt, head of the Canada Company, in 1827 (Figure 2). The original plan for the town depicted lots reserved for the company offices, a saw mill, market square, two churches and a burial ground. Registered plans of subdivision for this village date from The first settlers were attracted here in the next few years. By the late 1840s, the population of Guelph had reached 1,480, and it was incorporated as a town in Guelph City Hall was built in 1856 after Guelph was incorporated as a town (Figure 3). Guelph was also selected as the capital of Wellington County, and it was also deemed to be an inland port of entry. The population had reached 6, 878 by By April 1879, the population exceeded 10,000 and Guelph was incorporated as a city. By the 1870s, Guelph contained churches, banks, insurance agencies, library, two newspapers, telegraph offices, hotels, stores, flour, saw, and planing mills, woollen factories, foundries, machinery works, sewing machine works, musical instrument manufacturers, tanneries, soap and candle factories, shoemakers, wooden ware manufacturers, and two breweries. It was a station for both the Grand Trunk and Canadian Pacific Railways. Guelph was built on a number of hills which gives it a picturesque appearance, and a number of fine heritage structures were built out of native limestone (Crossby 1873:134; Cameron 1967; Winearls 1991: ; Scott 1997:94-95; Rayburn 1997:145; Fischer & Harris 2007:132).

16 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 11 Figure 2: 1827 Plan of the Town of Guelph as laid out by John Galt Source: Guelph Museums (1827) Figure 3: Sketch of the Guelph Town Hall from the 1862 Map of Guelph Source: Guelph Museums (1862)

17 City of Guelph, Ontario Page Review of Historic Mapping The 1878 Fire Insurance Map of the City of Guelph and the 1891 Map of the City of Guelph were reviewed to determine the potential for the presence of historical features within or adjacent to the study area from the nineteenth-century (Figures 4 and 5). In addition, the 1906 Map of the City of Guelph and the 1929 Fire Insurance Map of the City of Guelph were reviewed to identify historical features within or adjacent to the study area in the twentieth-century (Figures 6 and 7). These do not represent the full range of maps consulted for the purpose of this study but were judged to cover the full range of land uses that occurred in the area during this period. A summary of historical features depicted on the 1878 and 1929 maps is provided in Table 1. It should be noted that only historical features adjacent to the study area are listed in the table. Table 1: Nineteenth-century property owners and historical features Lot # Ward Historical Feature(s) 1878 Fire Insurance Map 118 St Andrews Six (6) stores (50-53 Market Square and 203 Macdonell Street) 119 St Andrews Three (3) tenements and three (3) stores ( Macdonell Street and Wilson Street) 120 St Andrews Five (5) stores (24-31 Wilson Street) 121 St Andrews Seven (7) stores (8-22 Wilson Street) 122 St Andrews Five (5) stores 131 St Andrews St Andrews Market Place 1929 Fire Insurance Plan 118 St Andrews Eight (8) Stores (6-16 Carden Street and Macdonell Street) and one (1) Fire Hydrant 119 St Andrews Six (6) Stores (28-36 Wilson Street and 9-11 Macdonell Street) 120 St Andrews 5 Stores (18-26A Wilson Street) 121 St Andrews 5 Stores (8-16 Wilson Street) 122 St Andrews Two (2) stores (2-4 Wilson Street), one (1) fire hydrant, and one (1) subway 131 St Andrews Winter Fair Horese Stables (2-6 Gordon Street) Market Place St Andrews Fire Station, Winter Fair Building, Horse Stalls, Gallery Seats, City Hall, Market, subway, CN Railway, fire hydrant The 1878 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph demonstrates that the study area was part of the urban core of the City of Guelph by the late nineteenth-century (Figure 4). The map shows numerous structures adjacent to the study area, including: produce, grocery, confectionary, drug, and hardware stores along Carden Street, tenements at the southwest corner of Macdonell Street and Wilson Street, and tinsmiths, flour stores, grocery stores, a baker, a general store, and market stalls along the west side of Wilson Street. The southern end of the study area, including Market Square is not included in the 1878 map. The 1891 Map of the City of Guelph depicts the general layout of the study area, including lots, street names, and railways (Figure 5). The map shows that the study area is adjacent to lots , 131, and Market Place. The northern portion of Wilson Street is labeled as Sandiland St. One other notable feature is the Grand Trunk Railway (GTR) line is shown running through the middle of Market Place and continuing along Kent Street. The 1906 Map of the City of Guelph shows the general layout of the study area, including lots, street names, and railways (Figure 6). The map demonstrates that an Electric Street Railway once ran along

18 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 13 Carden Street, Wilson Street, and Gordon Street. Also, the City Hall/Winter Fair Building is depicted in Market Square. The 1929 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph provides detailed information on the early twentieth-century conditions in the study area (Figure 7). Many buildings that are still standing are shown on the map including the commercial buildings on the northeast corner of Carden Street and Wilson Street (6-12 Carden Street), the commercial buildings along the west side of Wilson Street (16-38 Wilson Street), the civic buildings in Market Square (Winter Fair Building, Fire Station, City Hall), and the bridge that carries the CN Railway over Wilson Street. The Winter Fair Horse Stables (now the Guelph Farmers Market) are shown at the southern end of the study area. In addition to the buildings that are still present, a number of other historical structures are shown adjacent to the study area, including: numerous stores across from the Fire Station (now the municipal parking lot), and horse stalls and gallery seats in Market Square. Figure 4: The study area overlaid on the 1878 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph Source: Guelph Museums (1878)

19 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 14 Figure 5: 1891 Map of the City of Guelph Base Map: Map of the City of Guelph in the Province of Ontario (Guelph Museums 1891) Figure 6: The study area overlaid on the 1906 map of the City of Guelph Source: Historical Atlas Publishing Co. (1906)

20 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 15 Figure 7: The study area overlaid on the 1929 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph Source: Guelph Museums (1929) Review of Historic Photos The study area was established in the nineteenth century and is part of the central core of the City of Guelph. As a result, there are numerous historical photographs of the study area dating back to the late nineteenth-century and early twentieth century. Repeat photography, where an image of a site is taken in the same location at two different times, was carried out for the study area (Plates 1-12). This exercise demonstrates how the study area has retained its historical character to present day. Plate 1: 1874 Photo of Market Square Source: Guelph Public Library Archives (1874) Plate 2: 2016 photo of the intersection of Wilson Street and Carden Street, formerly Market Square

21 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 16 Plate 3: Farmer s Market at City Hall circa 1940 Source: Guelph Museum (1940) Plate 4: 2016 photo of Carden Street, formerly part of the Farmer s Market at City Hall Plate 5: Wilson Street from the corner of Carden Street, circa 1965 Source: Guelph Museums (1965) Plate 6: 2016 photo of Wilson Street from the corner of Carden Street Plate 7: Wilson Street, 1964 Source: Guelph Public Library Archives (1964) Plate 8: 2016 photo of Wilson Street

22 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 17 Plate 9: Wilson Street, looking towards the CNR Tracks, circa 1910 Source: Guelph Museums(1910a) Plate 10: 2016 photo of Wilson Street, looking towards the CNR Tracks Plate 11: 1947 Photo of Guelph Fire Department and Fire Station Source: Guelph Museums (1947) Plate 12: 2016 photo of Guelph City Hall, formerly the Guelph Fire Station. Note the restoration of the bottom half of the stone building 3.3. Existing Conditions In order to make a preliminary identification of existing cultural heritage resources within the study area, the following resources were consulted: The City of Guelph s Cultural Heritage Register, which provides an inventory of cultural heritage resources that are designated under Part IV and Part V of the Ontario Heritage Act and an inventory of properties that are of cultural heritage value or interest to the city; Ontario Ministry of Culture s Ontario Heritage Properties Database: available online, the database provides information on properties designated under the Ontario Heritage Act. The database was last updated in 2005; Parks Canada s Canada s Historic Places website: available online, the searchable register provides information on historic places recognized for their heritage value at the local, provincial, territorial, and national levels; and,

23 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 18 The City of Guelph was contacted directly to gather any information on cultural heritage resources within the study area ( communication 01 June No response received). Based on the review of available data, there are ten previously identified resources within and/or adjacent to the study area. A field review was undertaken by Heidy Schopf, Cultural Heritage Specialist,, on 08 June 2016 to document the existing conditions of the study area. The field review was preceded by a review of available, current and historic, aerial photographs and maps (including online sources such as Bing and Google maps). These large-scale maps are reviewed for any potential cultural heritage resources that may be extant in the study area. The existing conditions of the study area are described below. A list of identified cultural heritage resources is presented in Section and mapping of these resources is presented in Section 7.0 (Figure 8) Wilson Street Reconstruction Existing Conditions The Wilson Street study area extends from the intersection of Wilson Street and Gordon/Norfolk Street to the intersection of Wilson Street and Macdonell Street. The Wilson Street/Gordon Street intersection features a rail subway and a historic building (Plates 13 and 14). No historical buildings or landscape features were noted on the west side of Gordon Street. The study area continues along north from the rail subway and includes City Hall on the east side of the street. Sections of the city hall building are part of the former Fire Hall/Winter Fair building (Plates 15 and 16). A municipal parking lot is located on the west side of Wilson Street across from City Hall. North of the parking lot, on the west side of Wilson Street, there is an intact row of historic commercial buildings that date to the nineteenth-century (Plates 17 and 18). The northern end of the study area terminates at the intersection of Wilson Street and Macdonell Street. There are no noted heritage resources adjacent to the study area at this intersection but a historic stone building is located on the north side of Macdonell Street (Plate 19). The study area also includes the intersection of Wilson Street and Carden Street. There are numerous heritage resources located along this street including City Hall on the south side of Carden Street and an intact row of historical, nineteenth-century commercial buildings on the north side of the street. A row of historical commercial buildings is located on the northeast side of the intersection of Carden Street and Wilson Street, immediately adjacent to the study area (Plate 20). Plate 13: North-northeast view of the intersection of Waterloo Avenue, Wilson Street, and Gordon/Norfolk Street.

24 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 19 Plate 14: Northeast view of the study area. Note the rail bridge on the left and the historical building on the right. Plate 15: North-northwest view of Wilson Street. Note the historical stone building on the right. Plate 16: Southeast view of the study area looking towards the CNR Subway. Note the parking lot on the right and City Hall on the left. Plate 17: West-northwest view of Wilson Street. Note the intact row of historical buildings on the left side of the street. Plate 18: West-southwest view of the intersection of Wilson Street and Macdonell Street. Note the intact row of historical buildings on the left.

25 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 20 Plate 19: North-northeast view of the intersection of Wilson Street and Macdonell Street. Note the historical stone building in middle of the photo. Plate 20: North-northeast view of the intersection of Wilson Street and Carden Street. There is an intact row of historical commercial buildings on the northeast corner of Carden Street. Plate 21: West-southwest view of Carden Street looking towards Wilson Street Wilson Street Reconstruction Improvements Identified Cultural Heritage Resources Based on the results of the background research and field review, four cultural heritage landscapes (CHL) and 11 built heritage resources (BHR) were identified within and/or adjacent to the Wilson Street study area (Table 2). A detailed inventory of these cultural heritage resources is presented in Section 7.0 and mapping of these features is provided in Section 8.0 of this report. Table 2: Summary of built heritage resources (BHR) and cultural heritage landscapes (CHL) in the study area Resource Type Location Recognition CHL 1 Civic Buildings 1 Carden Street Designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act CHL 2 Streetscape Carden Street Identified during field review CHL 3 Streetscape Wilson Street Identified during field review CHL 4 Railscape CN Railway Identified during field review BHR 1 Market Building 2-6 Gordon Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph BHR 2 Rail Bridge Wilson Street Subway Identified during field review BHR 3 Rail Bridge Norfolk Street/Gordon Identified during field review Street Subway BHR 4 Commercial Building Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph BHR 5 Commercial Building 20 Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph BHR 6 Commercial Building 24 Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph

26 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 21 Resource Type Location Recognition BHR 7 Commercial Building 26 Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph BHR 8 Commercial Building 28 Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph BHR 9 Commercial Building 32-32A Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph BHR 10 Commercial Building Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph BHR 11 Commercial Buildings 6-10 Carden Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph 3.4. Screening for Potential Impacts To assess the potential impacts of the undertaking, identified cultural heritage resources are considered against a range of possible impacts as outlined in the document entitled Screening for Impacts to Built Heritage and Cultural Heritage Landscapes (MTC November 2010) which include: Destruction, removal or relocation of any, or part of any, significant heritage attribute or feature (III.1). Alteration which means a change in any manner and includes restoration, renovation, repair or disturbance (III.2). Shadows created that alter the appearance of a heritage attribute or change the exposure or visibility of a natural feature or plantings, such as a garden (III.3). Isolation of a heritage attribute from its surrounding environment, context, or a significant relationship (III.4). Direct or indirect obstruction of significant views or vistas from, within, or to a built or natural heritage feature (III.5). A change in land use such as rezoning a battlefield from open space to residential use, allowing new development or site alteration to fill in the formerly open spaces (III.6). Soil disturbance such as a change in grade, or an alteration of the drainage pattern, or excavation, etc (III.7) A number of additional factors are also considered when evaluating potential impacts on identified cultural heritage resources. These are outlined in a document set out by the Ministry of Culture and Communications (now Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport) and the Ministry of the Environment entitled Guideline for Preparing the Cultural Heritage Resource Component of Environmental Assessments (October 1992) and include: Magnitude: the amount of physical alteration or destruction which can be expected; Severity: the irreversibility or reversibility of an impact; Duration: the length of time an adverse impact persists; Frequency: the number of times an impact can be expected; Range: the spatial distribution, widespread or site specific, of an adverse impact; and Diversity: the number of different kinds of activities to affect a heritage resource. For the purposes of evaluating potential impacts of development and site alteration, MTC (2010) defines adjacent as: contiguous properties as well as properties that are separated from a heritage property by narrow strip of land used as a public or private road, highway, street, lane, trail, right-of-way, walkway, green space, park, and/or easement or as otherwise defined in the municipal official plan.

27 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 22 Once alternative alignments or a preferred alternative for the Wilson Street Reconstruction Class EA have been identified, all cultural heritage resources identified within and adjacent to the study area will be evaluated against the above criteria and a summary of impact screening results will be provided. Various works associated with road improvements have the potential to affect cultural heritage resources in a variety of ways, and as such, appropriate mitigation measures for the undertaking need to be considered. Where any above-ground cultural heritage resources are identified, which may be affected by direct or indirect impacts, appropriate mitigation measures should be developed. This may include completing a heritage impact assessment or documentation report, or employing suitable measures such as landscaping, buffering or other forms of mitigation, where appropriate. In this regard, provincial guidelines should be consulted for advice and further heritage assessment work should be undertaken as necessary Potential Impacts of the Preferred Design Concept on Cultural Heritage Resources The preferred design concept (received August 2016) for the Wilson Street Reconstruction Class EA is presented in Appendix A. The following table (Table 3) considers the impacts of the preferred design concept on identified cultural heritage resources, based on the Ministry of Tourism and Culture document entitled Screening for Impacts to Built Heritage and Cultural Heritage Landscapes (November 2010). Table 3 also recommends mitigation strategies. Table 3: Impacts to Identified Cultural Heritage Resources and Recommended Mitigation Strategies Resource Discussion of Impact(s) Mitigation Strategies CHL 1 No impacts to the Civic Buildings or property N/A are expected. CHL 2 The Wilson Streetscape will be physically altered as a result of the following upgrades: replacement of asphalt; sidewalk upgrades; cycling facilities; parallel parking rather than angled parking; proposed paver bricks; sections of landscaped boulevard; new street trees; streetlighting; watermain, sanitary and storm sewer replacement; pedestrian refuge island at MacDonell; and review of grading at building entrances. N/A However, none of these upgrades are expected to alter the heritage values associated with the Wilson Streetscape in a negative manner. Instead, the preferred design concept is expected to have a positive impact on the historic Wilson Streetscape by increasing pedestrian space around the buildings and highlighting the historic character. As such, there are no further concerns. CHL 3 No impacts to the Carden Street streetscape N/A are expected. CHL 4 No Impacts to this identified railscape are N/A expected. BHR 1 No impacts to the Market Building are N/A

28 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 23 Table 3: Impacts to Identified Cultural Heritage Resources and Recommended Mitigation Strategies Resource Discussion of Impact(s) Mitigation Strategies expected. BHR 2 No impacts to the Wilson Street Subway are N/A expected. BHR 3 No impacts to the Norfolk Street/Gordon N/A Street Subway are expected. BHR 4 No impacts to this commercial building are N/A expected. BHR 5 No impacts to this commercial building are N/A expected. BHR 6 No impacts to this commercial building are N/A expected. BHR 7 No impacts to this commercial building are N/A expected. BHR 8 No impacts to this commercial building are N/A expected. BHR 9 No impacts to this commercial building are N/A expected. BHR 10 No impacts to this commercial building are N/A expected. BHR 11 No impacts to this commercial building are expected. N/A 4.0 CONCLUSIONS The results of background historical research and a review of secondary source material, including historical mapping, revealed a study area with a rural land use history dating back to the early nineteenth century. The field review confirmed that this area retains a number of early-twentieth-century cultural heritage resources. The following provides a summary of the assessment results Key Findings A total of 15 cultural heritage resources were identified within and/or adjacent to the Wilson Street Reconstruction study area; Four cultural heritage landscapes (CHL) and 11 built heritage resources (BHR) were identified within and/or adjacent to the Wilson Street Reconstruction study area. One property is designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (CHL 1), nine are listed heritage resources (BHR 1, 4-11), and five were identified during the field review (CHL 2-4, BHR 2-3); Of the 15 cultural heritage resources, one is a civic building (CHL 1), two are streetscapes (CHL 2-3), one is a railscape (CHL 4), two are rail subways (BHR 2-3), one is a market building (BHR 1), and eight are commercial buildings (BHR 4-11); Identified cultural heritage resources are historically, architecturally, and contextually associated with nineteenth-century and twentieth-century land use patterns in the City of Guelph; and

29 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 24 Following review of the preferred design concept (received August 2016) for the Wilson Street Reconstruction Class EA, it was determined that there will be no direct/indirect impacts to the heritage values associated with the identified cultural heritage resources. 5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS The background research, data collection, and field review conducted for the study area determined that 15 cultural heritage resources are located within or adjacent to the Wilson Street Road Reconstruction study area. Following review of the preferred design concept (received August 2016) for the Wilson Street Reconstruction Class EA, it was determined that there will be no direct/indirect impacts to the heritage values associated with the identified cultural heritage resources. Based on the results of the assessment, the following recommendations have been developed. 1. Staging and construction activities should be suitably planned and undertaken to avoid negative impacts to identified cultural heritage resources. 2. Should future work require an expansion of the study area then a qualified heritage consultant should be contacted in order to confirm the impacts of the proposed work on potential heritage resources. 3. This report should be submitted to the Ministry of Tourism, Culture, and Sport, and to heritage staff at the City of Guelph for review and comment.

30 City of Guelph, Ontario Page REFERENCES Cameron, James M The Early Days in Guelph. Guelph (no publisher cited). City of Guelph 2013 Carden Street 1, Provincial Winter Fair/Fire Hall Building. [online]. Available at < Last accessed 03 June Crossby, P.A Lovell s Gazetteer of British North America. Montreal: John Lovell. Fischer, George and Mark Harris Ontario s Historic Mills. Erin: Boston Mills Press. Guelph Museums 1827 Plan of the Town of Guelf, Upper Canada, Founded by the Canada Company, Catalog Number [online]. Available at < >. Last accessed 13 June Map of the Town of Guelph. Catalog Number 1981X [online]. Available at < Last accessed 2 June Fire Insurance Plan of Guelph Catalog Number [online]. Available at < Last accessed 12 June Carden Street, Guelph. Catalog Number [online] Available at < Last accessed 07 June Map of the City of Guelph in the Province of Ontario by the Late F.S. Chadwick. Catalog Number [online]. Available at < Last accessed 11 June a Gordon St., Guelph and Subway under C.N.R. Tracks, circa Catalog Number [online]. Available at < >. Last accessed 02 June b City Hall and Winter Fair Building, Guelph. Catalog Number [online]. Available at < >. Last accessed 13 June City of Guelph Fire Insurance Plan. Catalog Number [online]. Available at < >. Last accessed 12 June Farmer s Market at City Hall. Catalogue Number [online]. Available at < >. Last accessed 07 June 2016.

31 City of Guelph, Ontario Page Guelph Fire Department and Fire Station. Catalog Number [online]. Available at < Last accessed 07 June Wilson Street, Guelph. Catalogue Number [online]. Available at < >. Last accessed 07 June Guelph Public Library Archives 1874 Market Square. Catalogue Number CA ON00126 F38-F F [online]. Available at < Last accessed 07 June Winter Fair Buildings. Catalogue Number CA ON00126 C6-C [online]. Available at < Last accessed 07 June Historical Atlas Publishing Co Guelph City, Ontario Agricultural College and Vicinity. Welling County [online]. Available from Historic Map Works at < College+and+Vicinity/Wellington+County+1906/Ontario/>. Last accessed 06 June Mika, Nick and Helma Mika 1981 Places in Ontario: Their Name Origins and History, Volume 2. Belleville: Mika Publishing Ministry of Consumer Services 1990 Cemeteries Act 2002 Funeral, Burial and Cremation Services Act Ministry of Culture, Ontario 1981 Guidelines on the Man-Made Heritage Component of Environmental Assessments 1992 Guidelines for Preparing the Cultural Heritage Resource Component of Environmental Assessments 2005 Ontario Heritage Act Ministry of Environment, Ontario 2006 Environmental Assessment Act Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing, Ontario 2005 Ontario Planning Act 2005 Provincial Policy Statement Ministry of Tourism and Culture, Ontario 2005 Ontario Heritage Act Ontario Heritage Tool Kit 2010 Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Provincial Heritage Properties Check Sheet for Environmental Assessments: Screening for Impacts to Built Heritage Resources and Cultural Heritage Landscapes

32 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 27 Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport 2005 Ontario Heritage Act Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists. Cultural Programs Branch, Ontario Ministry of Tourism and Culture, Toronto. Ministry of Transportation 2002 Environmental Reference for Highway Design 2006 Cultural Heritage Built Heritage and Cultural Heritage Landscapes: Technical Requirements for Environmental Impact Study and Environmental Protection/Mitigation Environmental Guide for Built Heritage and Cultural Heritage Landscapes Rayburn, Alan Place Names of Ontario. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Scott, David E Ontario Place Names. The Historical, Offbeat or Humorous Origins of More Than 1,000 Communities. Edmonton: Lone Pine Publishing. Winearls, Joan Mapping Upper Canada An Annotated Bibliography of Manuscript and Printed Maps. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

33 City of Guelph, Ontario Page CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE INVENTORY Table 4: Inventory of built heritage resources (BHR) and cultural heritage landscapes (CHL) in the study area Resource CHL 1 Type Civic Buildings Address/Location 1 Carden Street Recognition Designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act Description Historical: -Built Associated with the late nineteenth-century development of the City of Guelph -The former Provincial Winter Fair/Fire Hall Building Design: -Late Italianate -Two storey stone building with attic -Hipped rood with projecting centerpiece and gable to Wilson Street -Quarry faced quoins -Architraves and arches complete with keystones Context: -Located on the east side of Wilson Street and south side of Carden Street (Market Place) -A significant civic building that was once a functional part of Market Square Designation Information: Photos West elevation of the former Winter Fair/Fire Hall Building Designated through By-law (1998) Known as the Provincial Winter Fair/Fire Hall Building, this stone structure is the remaining western section of the building erected in 1900 to house the Ontario Provincial Winter Fair (City of Guelph 2013). Guelph became the permanent home of the annual agricultural fair in 1900 after hosting the Provincial Christmas Fat Stock Show and Sale many times during the 1880s and 1890s (City of Guelph 2013). The original stone building was funded by the Government of Ontario and the City of Guelph. The original building extended over an acre and stretched from City Hall to Wilson Street. The stone façade was built by local builder, Thomas Debbie. The northwesterly portion of the building, which remains today, served as the City s Fire Hall between 1900 and 1971 (City of Guelph 2013). Designated portions include: The Carden Street and Wilson Street stone facades of the building All window and door openings on the designated walls of the building The roofline over the northwesterly section of the building and the one (1) metre wide portion of the flat roofline that runs parallel to Wilson Street The one-storey, exposed rear (south) and easterly stone walls at the rear of the site Photo of the Winter Fair Building and City Hall circa 1910 Source: Guelph Museums (1910b) The designation excludes any interior elements of the building. As well, it is intended that any non-original features may be returned to documented earlier designs or their documented original form without requiring City Council permission for an alteration to the design.

34 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 29 Resource CHL 2 Type Streetscape Address/Location Carden Street Recognition Identified during field review Description Historical: -Carden Street is a historical streetscape that is part of the original 1827 Plan of the Town of Guelph -Includes nineteenth century and twentieth century commercial buildings, City Hall (1856), former Winter Fair/Fire Hall (1898), and a planned Market Square Photos Design: -Carden Street and Market Place were part of the original 1827 design of Guelph, as laid out by John Galt -Historical streetscape with 3-4 storey nineteenth- and twentieth-century commercial buildings (north side), civic buildings (south side) -Nineteenth century commercial buildings on Wilson Street included in the streetscape -Streetscape terminates at Wilson Street -Church of Our Lady Immaculate visible in background Context: -Streetscape includes the north and south sides of Carden Street -North side of street is lined with predominantly nineteenth- and early twentieth century commercial buildings -South side of street is lined with civic buildings, including historic City Hall and the former Provincial Winter Fair/Fire Hall Building Southwest view along Carden Street towards Wilson Street CHL 3 Streetscape Wilson Street Identified during field review Historical: -Wilson Street is a historic streetscape that is lined on the east and west with predominantly nineteenth-century commercial buildings Design: -Historical streetscape with 2-3 storey nineteenth-century commercial buildings (west and east sides) and civic buildings (east side, south of Carden Street) -Streetscape terminates at Macdonell Street and Subway Context: -Streetscape includes the east and west sides of Wilson Street -West side lined with nineteenth-century commercial buildings -East side includes nineteenth-century commercial buildings and the former Winter Fair Building/Fire Hall Northwest view of the Wilson Street towards Macdonell Street

35 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 30 Resource CHL 4 Type Railscape Address/Location CN Railway Recognition Identified during field review Description Historical: -Originally the Grand Trunk Rail -Completed in 1856 Photos Design: -Two tracks that travel in a general northeast/southwest direction -Steel tracks laid on wood rail ties and a bed of ballast Context: -Located south of Market Square, City Hall, and the former Winter Fair/Fire Hall Building -This rail line reflects the mid nineteenth century development of the downtown core of the City of Guelph through its location in the downtown core, its design, and associated bridges and rail stations East-northeast view of the CN Railway, looking towards Wilson Street BHR 1 Market Building 2-6 Gordon Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph Historical: -Associated with Market Square -Formerly the Winter Fair Horse Stables -Built 1913, Depicted on the 1929 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph Design: -Functional Neo-Classical design -One storey, gable roof -Building consists of three angled sections -Parapet end walls -Pilaster and recessed panels with stepped plinth -Segmental rowlock arches Context: -Situated on the northeast corner of the intersection of Wilson Street and Gordon Street (Part Lot 131) -This civic building reflects predominant role the early twentieth-century development of the downtown core of the City of Guelph through its scale/massing, construction materials, and design South and east elevations of 2-6 Wilson Street BHR 2 Rail Bridge Wilson Street Subway Identified during field review Historical: -Built Associated with nineteenth and twentieth-century rail transportation in the Guelph Design: -Through Plate Girder Subway -Carries two rail tracks over Wilson Street -Oriented in a general northeast/southwest direction Context: -Carries the former GTR Line over Wilson Street

36 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 31 Resource Type Address/Location Recognition Description Photos BHR 3 Rail Bridge Norfolk Street/Gordon Street Subway Identified during field review Historical: -Built Associated with nineteenth and twentieth-century rail transportation in the Guelph Design: -Carries two rail tracks over Wilson Street -Oriented in a general northeast/southwest direction -Half Through Plate Girder bridge Context: -Carries the former GTR Line over Norfolk Street/Gordon Street BHR 4 Commercial Building Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph Historical: -Built circa Associated with the historical development of the City of Guelph -Depicted on the 1878 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph -Believed to have originally been a chair factory Design: -Neo-Classic Vernacular -Two storey stone commercial building -Three bays on second storey -Gable-roof -One storey rear stone wing with shed roof sloping south Context: -Located on the west side of Wilson Street (Part Lot 120) -This commercial building reflects the mid-nineteenth-century development of the downtown core of the City of Guelph through its scale/massing, construction materials, and design Front façade (east elevation) of Wilson Street BHR 5 Commercial Building 20 Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph Historical: -Built circa Depicted on the 1878 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph -Associated with the historical development of the City of Guelph Design: -Neo-Classic Vernacular, -Three storey stone commercial building -Three bays on the second and third storeys -Gable roof -Tooled stone sills and lintels -Carved moulded stone cornice with south end between 4 parapet end wall Context: -Located on the west side of Wilson Street (Part Lot 120) -This commercial building reflects the mid-nineteenth-century development of the downtown core of the City of Guelph through its scale/massing, construction materials, and design Front façade (east elevation) of 20 Wilson Street

37 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 32 Resource Type Address/Location Recognition Description Photos BHR 6 Commercial Building 24 Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph Historical: -Built circa , circa 1870 store front -Depicted on the 1878 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph -Associated with the historical development of the City of Guelph Design: -Neo-Classic Vernacular -Three storey stone commercial building -Three bays on the second and third storeys -Gable roof -North end parapet with carved corbel to match cornice of 22 Wilson Street -Parapet end wall -Moulded stone cornice Context: -Located on the west side of Wilson Street (Part Lot 120) -This commercial building reflects the mid-nineteenth-century development of the downtown core of the City of Guelph through its scale/massing, construction materials, and design Fron façade (east elevation) of 24 Wilson Street BHR 7 Commercial Building 26 Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph Historical: -Built pre-1874 (shown on the 1874 photo of Wilson Street, see Plate 1) -Depicted on the 1878 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph -Associated with the historical development of the City of Guelph -Depicted as a shoe repair store on the 1929 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph Design: -Two storey red brick building -Three bays on second storey -At grade store front with two entrances -Second storey balcony -Hipped roof Context: -Located on the west side of Wilson Street (Part Lot 120) -This commercial building reflects the mid-nineteenth-century development of the downtown core of the City of Guelph through its scale/massing, construction materials, and design Front façade (east elevation) of 26 Wilson Street

38 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 33 Resource Type Address/Location Recognition Description Photos BHR 8 Commercial Building 28 Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph Historical: -Built circa Depicted on the 1878 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph -Associated with the historical development of the City of Guelph Design: -Late Greek Revival -Three-and-a-half storey red brick commercial building -At grade double storefront -Four bays on the second and third storeys -Flat roof -Pilastered upper front with angled bay at south end -Highly ornamental corbelled parapet -Tooled stone sills Context: -Located on the west side of Wilson Street (Part Lot 119) -This commercial building reflects the late nineteenth-century development of the downtown core of the City of Guelph through its scale/massing, construction materials, and design Front façade (east elevation) of 28 Wilson Street BHR 9 Commercial Building 32-32A Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph Historical: -Built circa Depicted on the 1878 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph -Associated with the historical development of the City of Guelph Design: -Late Greek Revival -Two storey brick commercial building -Four bays on second storey over double storefront -Flat roof -Pilastered upper front with angled bay at south end -Highly ornamental corbelled parapet -Tooled stone sills Context: -Located on the west side of Wilson Street (Part Lot 119) -This commercial building reflects the late nineteenth-century development of the downtown core of the City of Guelph through its scale/massing, construction materials, and design Front façade of 32-32A Wilson Street

39 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 34 Resource Type Address/Location Recognition Description Photos BHR 10 Commercial Building Wilson Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph Historical: -Built circa Associated with the early-mid twentieth century development of the City of Guelph Design: -Canadian Commercial -Two-and-a-half storey red brick commercial/residential building -Gable roof to street -Commercial storefront on east elevation -Four bays and main entrance on north elevation Context: -Located on the northwest corner of the intersection of Macdonell Street and Wilson Street (Part Lot 119) -This commercial/residential building reflects the early-mid twentieth-century development of the downtown core of the City of Guelph through its scale/massing, construction materials, and design BHR 11 Commercial Buildings 6-10 Carden Street Listed heritage resource by the City of Guelph Historical: -Built circa Depicted on the 1878 Fire Insurance Map of Guelph -Associated with the late nineteenth-century development of the City of Guelph Design: -Neo-Classic Vernacular -Three unit commercial building -Three storey brick building -Six bays (two for each unit) -Three at grade storefronts -Flat roof -Tooled stone sills -Segmental arch stones with quarry faced keystone -Bracketed wood cornice (front rebuilt) East elevation of Wilson Street Context: -Located at the northeast corner of the intersection of Carden Street and Wilson Street (Part Lots 118 and 117) -This commercial building reflects the late nineteenth-century development of the downtown core of the City of Guelph through its scale/massing, construction materials, and design Front façade (south elevation) of 6-10 Carden Street

40 City of Guelph, Ontario Page CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE LOCATION MAPPING Figure 8: Location of Built Heritage Resources (BHR) and Cultural Heritage Landscapes (CHL)

41 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 36 APPENDIX A: PREFERRED DESIGN CONCEPT

42 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 37

43 City of Guelph, Ontario Page 38