Session T3C DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATIC SMALL-SCALE HOUSE FOR TEACHING DOMOTICS

Transcription

1 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATIC SMALL-SCALE HOUSE FOR TEACHING DOMOTICS Felipe Mateos, Victor M Gonzdlez, Reyes Poo3, Marta Garcia4 and Rosana Olaiz5 Abstract - This paper presents the design and development characteristics of an automatic small-scale house (1: 12). Several installations are controlled: seven light points, five plugs, heating in one room, technical alarms, intruder alarms, two garden irrigation areas, one blind and communications. The architecture of the centralised domotics system is based on a programmable logic controller Simatic S7-200, and on a tactile operator panel TP070. The PLC manages all control functions. External communications via modem are also available. Thus, it is possible to receive alarm messages by telephone and to operate several components in the house by telephonic remote control. The design, programming and debugging of the domotics system have been done using the software applications Simatica 2.1 and Visir 1.6, both developed by our research group. The use of this automatic small-scale house in our laboratory has constituted an excellent test bed for the detection and debugging of system configuration and programming errors. This prototype is an optimal device for teaching automation techniques applied to domotics. Index Terms - Automatic building, Domotics, Simatica, Visir. INTRODUCTION In general terms, we can say that Domotics is the technology for developing and implementing the automation of common installations in a house or building. Safety, energy savings, comfort and communications are the main aims in domotics. There are many different domotics applications and products that can cover almost all the demands. However, they are not frequently used yet, due probably to the lack of information and promotion of their benefits. In this paper we present the design and characteristics of a small-scale domotics house, Villa Dom6tica built in our laboratory. It includes most of the elements that can be automated in a real house. This house constitutes a useful tool to practise the different aspects, both hardware and software, involved in this field of domotics. First, we present the functional and architectural characteristics of the system. A summary with the basic characteristics of the two software tools used in the development of the domotics system follows in this paper. Next, some specific details of Villa Dom6tica are provided. Finally, we give some suggestions about using the house in teaching. FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS These functions have been automated in the house: ALARMS a) Water leaks detection, water supply cuts and warning signals (panel messages, blinking lights, telephone calls). b) Gas leaks detection, gas supply cuts and warning signals. c) Fire detection and warning signals. d) Intruder detection and warning signals. LIGHT CONTROL The lights can be switched by a time switch, presence detection and daylight intensity. PLUG CONTROL Time, presence, temperature management. It is normally used to program the household-electric and lamp connectioddisconnection. HEATING Temperature control in the main bedroom, on an hourly basis management, or by remote control. PRESENCE SIMULATION This function simulates the presence of people in the house while it is empty. BLIND CONTROL Villa Dom6tica has an automated blind, in the bathroom. IRRIGATION Hour control, sequential or independent irrigation of each zone. Optional activation by daylight and humidity. COMMUNICATIONS The house makes a telephone call in case of alarm. It is also possible to operate several components (heating, lights, etc.) by telephonic remote control. MORE... Two signals can be controlled by a transmitterheceiver by radio frequency. The user can choose the associated signals: lights, blinds, plugs, etc. Fclipc Matcos, Univcrsity of Ovicdo, Ingcnicria dc Sistcmas y Automatica, Campus dc Vicsqucs, , Gijon, Spain, fclipc@isa.uniovi.cs Victor M. Gonzalcz, Univcrsity of Ovicdo, Ingcnicria dc Sistcmas y Automatica, Campus dc Vicsqucs, , Gijon, Spain, victor@isa.uniovi.cs Rcycs Poo, Univcrsity of Ovicdo, Ingcnicria dc Sistcmas y Automatica, Campus dc Vicsqucs, 2. I. 15, Gijon, Spain, rcpoo@isa.uniovi.cs Marta Garcia, Univcrsity of Ovicdo, Ingcnicria dc Sistcmas y Autombtica, Campus dc Vicsqucs, Gijon, Spain, marta@isa.uniovi.cs Rosana Olaiz, Univcrsity of Ovicdo, Ingcnicria dc Sistcmas y Automtitica, Campus dc Vicsqucs, , Gijan, Spain, rosana@isa.uniovi.cs /01/$ IEEE 31 ASEEIIEEE Frontiers in Education Conference T3C-1

2 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE The PLC used in this project is a SIMATIC S7-200 (CPU 226) of SIEMENS. Figure 1 represents the architecture of this domotics system. TP070 FIGURE 1 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Actuators The controller has been programmed using the software Simatica v2.1. The management of the whole system, once installed, is made with a tactile operator panel TP070. It shows eight different screens. In the first screen, the user must introduce an identification number to have access to the system. The main screen, shown in Figure 2, permits the control and supervision of the different functions in each plant, by touching the corresponding button. CONTROL PROGRAM: SIMATICA Simatica is a software tool that allows the design and development of domotics projects with, for example, light control, alarms, heating control, garden irrigation, etc. Most of these functions are in our houses, businesses and offices. Simatica v2.1 has been developed by the GENIA group and it is property of SIEMENS A.G. With this program, the domotics installer first selects the functions to be controlled in the house, as shown in Figure 3. The installer will select the most appropriate architecture (centralised, decentralised or hybrid) and the input/output addresses (an automatic addressing system is also possible). In few minutes, it is possible to obtain the control program needed for controlling the house without writing a single line. Simatica allows centralised architecture (inputs and outputs connected to PLC inputsloutputs or to extended modules), decentralised (inputs/outputs connected to AS4 modules) and hybrid (mixture of centralised and decentralised). FIGURE 2 TP070 MAIN SCREEN The rest of the screens show the state of the elements controlled in each plant, and some buttons to select their configuration. Several components can also be activated/deactivated by telephonic remote control and via the radio frequency transmitter/receiver /01/$ IEEE 3lSt ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference T3C-2 FIGURE 3 CONTROL FUNCTIONS IN SlMATlCA Simatica will automatically generate the control program for the selected CPU. You can choose among these CPUs: 214, 215, 216, 222, 224 and 226, that belong to the S7-200 PLC family of SIEMENS. For decentralised and hybrid architectures, the software will use AS4 bus and the SIEMENS components needed. Simatica generates the electrical schemes to cany out the installation of the domotics system. These schemes are available both on screen and on paper (there is an option for printing schemes). Figure 4 represents a screen with an electrical scheme. This application allows the management of a data base of domotics components and distributors, and the automatic generation of estimates. The installer can create, modify and delete components of the data base. For every domotics project the application will automatically create the estimate in Simatica and EXCEL formats. Figure 5 illustrates an estimate in EXCEL format.

3 ELECTRICAL SCHEMA IN SlMATlCA FIGURE 6 VISIR DYNAMIC OBJECTS Advantages of Visir: Helpful tool for hands-on teaching. Powerful debugging tool for PLC programs. More flexible and economic than models. Very easy to learn and use. Rapid work set up. Figure 7 presents an example of the edition of a domotics building. \ (c) blnk ICh 19n...,,......,.....I,.,.,. '..., J FIGURE 5 PROJECT ESTIMATE IN EXCEL FORMAT SYSTEM SIMULATION: VISIR Visir is a software that allows the simulation of domotics installations via real time connection to the controller, for example a PLC. It is made up of two modules: Editing Module The design of the domotics installation can be made by selecting and dropping dynamic objects. Figure 6 shows the available dynamic objects in Visir. You can configure behaviours, connections with other objects and graphic representations without programming a line. A static background drawing can be attached to the installation. Simulation Module It allows the connection of the simulated process to the PLC via Pc's serial port, so the PLC will guide the installation realistically. The objects will interact among themselves and produce new inputs for the PLC. The users can operate the process, as they could do in a real installation. FIGURE 7 VlSIR EDITOR SCREEN VILLA DOMOTICA IN DETAIL Figure 8 and Figure 9 show the front and the inside of 'Villa Dombtica.' Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12 represent the plans of the three floors of the house. It has 7 rooms: living room and kitchen on the first floor, bathroom, corridor and main bedroom on the second floor, and children's bedroom and library on the third floor. The whole system has 21 inputs: 8 buttons for switching on/off ligths (PL-x). 1 button for alarm confirmation (PA-R). 2 buttons to opedclose the blind (PP-x). 3 presence detectors (DP-x). 3 fire detectors (DF-x). 1 daylight detector (DL-E). 1 water leaks detector (DAB). 1 gas leaks detector (DG-C). 1 thermostat (DT-HP) /01/% IEEE 31" ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference T3C :-3

4 FIGURE 8 HOUSE FRONT FIGURE 11 SECOND FLOOR And 22 outputs: FIGURE 9 INSIDE THE HOUSE plugs (C-x). 7 lights (L-x). 2 signals to opedclose the blind (M-x) 1 valve to opedcut off the water supply (E-A) 1 valve to opedcut the gas supply (EG). 1 valve to switch on/off the heating (EC-HP). 3 valves for irrigation (E-&). 2 alarm signalers (S-x). FIGURE 12 THIRD FLOOR Figure 13 shows the simulation with Visir. FIGURE 13 SIMULATION WlTH VlSIR EDUCATIONAL USE OF VILLA DOMOTICA FIGURE 10 FIRST FLOOR This house embodies multiple functions to practise the hardware and software aspects of domotics. A suitable way of using 'Villa Dom6tica' in education could be the following: In lab classes, each group of students (2-3) should design an automatic house, simulated with Visir. They /01/$ IEEE 31'' ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference T3C-4

5 must place and configure the appropriate objects, sensors and actuators in the simulated house. Then, they must generate the program for controlling the house with the PLC. Depending on the subject of the course, the control program can be developed in different ways: - Using the language of the specific PLC, if the subject is about PLC languages. - Automatically with Simatica, in a more advanced course about automation techniques. The students must connect the simulated process to the PLC, and test the control program. For each group of students, it is necessary to have a PC with the indicated software, and a PLC. We want to go a step further, and show the answers to many questions, similar to the following: - Which are the available physical devices (sensors, actuators) to be used in the control of a real smallhouse? - Which are their technical characteristics? - How are the electrical connections made? - OK, the control program works fine in the simulated house, but will it actually work in a real building? Will the lights really switch on and off depending on the presence detection? The possibility of seeing the control working in the house clarifies the concepts studied in theory, and enriches the attractive of the learning process. In advanced courses, each group of students can test their control program on the real house, under the teacher supervision. The teacher can also prepare some practical exercises for modifying small parts of the hardware (e.g. how to change a sensor, make an electrical connection, etc). [I] [2] [3] [4] [5] REFERENCES Tavcmicr, C., "Montajcs Domdticos", furuninfo, Quinteiro, J. M. (et a]). "Sistcmas de control para vivicndas y cdificios", Paraninfo, Mateos, F., "Simitica 2.1". Tcchnical documentation from thc invcstigation project, SIEMENS S.A., "Autdmata programablc S Configuracidn, instalacidn y datos de la CPU", SIEMENS S.A., "Sofhvare dc programacidn para cl S7-200 STEP7- Micro-WIN", /01/$ IEEE 31'' ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference T3C-5