Western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis, is still
|
|
- Archibald Cobb
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Developing an Effective Western Flower Thrips Management Program Western flower thrips can be difficult to manage for a number of reasons. Read on for some practical and effective suggestions to manage these destructive pests. By Raymond A. Cloyd Western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis, is still one of the most destructive insect pests of commercial greenhouses feeding on a wide variety of horticultural crops. WFT damage potential is due not only to its ability to directly damage greenhouse-grown crops by feeding on leaves and flowers, but also because they may vector destructive tospoviruses. This article is intended to provide applicable information so growers can develop effective strategies in dealing with WFT. First and foremost, to effectively manage WFT, it is critical to develop a scouting program, which combines the use of yellow or blue sticky cards to monitor adult population trends, and visual inspection of crops to assess infestation levels of the nymphal stages. This is vital to the development of an effective and sustainable WFT management program. It should be the goal of all greenhouse producers worldwide to develop WFT management programs that preserve the longevity and effectiveness of currently available products. Biology A general knowledge of WFT biology is essential to understand the challenges associated with developing an effective management program. WFT are small (about 2.0 mm long) insects with piercing-sucking mouthparts. The life cycle consists of an egg stage, two nymphal stages, two pupal stages and an adult. The lifecycle (from egg to adult), generally takes two to three weeks. However, development time from egg to adult is host and temperature dependent, with the optimum range between 79 to 84 F. Under these temperatures, the life cycle from egg to adult may be completed in nine to 13 days resulting in multiple generations occurring during a single cropping cycle. Females can live up to 45 days and lay 150 to 300 eggs during their lifetime. Females typically lay eggs underneath the epidermal layer of the leaf surface, which protects them from exposure to contact pest control materials and biological control agents such as predators and beneficial nematodes. Figure 1. Western Flower Thrips and leaf scarring 42 gpn JULY
2 Eggs hatch into first instar nymphs that eventually transform into second instar nymphs. These are the two stages that acquire the tospoviruses (mentioned below), which are then transmitted by adults. The second instar nymphs migrate to the base of a plant and enter the growing medium to pupate. The pupal stage does not feed and is very tolerate or immune to most pest control materials used to regulate WFT nymph and adult populations. WFT may also pupate in the open flowers of certain plants with complex floral architectures, such as chrysanthemum. Adults emerge from the pupal stage after approximately six days. Both adults and nymphs may aggregate in flowers or other concealed locations on plants; however, adults (particularly females) prefer to feed on pollen. WFT exhibit thigmotactic behavior, which means the body is in constant contact with a surface. This is why WFT are typically present in secluded habitats on plants, which again protects them from exposure to contact insecticides and biological control agents. Damage WFT damage plants by feeding on leaves and flowers. Although WFTs have piercing-sucking mouthparts, they do not feed exclusively in the phloem sieve tubes like aphids and whiteflies. Instead they feed within the mesophyll and epidermal cells of leaf tissues using a single stylet in the mouth, and then inserting a set of paired stylets, which lacerate and damage cell tissues and function to imbibe cell fluids. Symptoms of WFT feeding include leaf scarring, distorted growth, sunken tissues on leaf undersides, and flower deformation (Figures 1 through 3). Fecal deposits ( thrips poop ) may be present on leaf undersides (Figure 5). Flowers and leaves have a characteristic silvery appearance due to the influx of air after the removal of plant fluids (Figure 4). In addition to the direct damage caused by WFT feeding, they may cause indirect damage by vectoring the tospoviruses: Impatiens Necrotic Spot Virus (Figure 6) and tomato spotted wilt virus. Management It is difficult to manage WFT in greenhouses for a number of reasons, including its ability to feed on a broad range of plant types, high female reproductive capacity, rapid lifecycle (egg to adult), small size ( 2.0 mm long), feeding habit, cryptic habitats (e.g., unopened flower buds) and resistance to pest control materials. Since the tolerance for RED FOX for true growers all eyes on color and heat Award-winning Genes! Cross of ivies and zonals voted Best New Red Spice it up! Takes the heat and more Flirty Looks! Five vivid colors Watch the video here! Dümmen USA, Inc Phone sales@dummenusa.com WFT damage on most greenhouse-grown crops is relatively low, the principal management strategy used to deal with WFT populations involves the use of pest control materials. The key to WFT management with pest control materials is to initiate applications when populations are low, which avoids having to deal with Spring 2013 Write in
3 True Grower Guarantee another first and exclusive to be offered by Dümmen. Dümmen USA introduced the True Grower Guarantee during OFA last summer to celebrate our new state of the art facility in El Salvador. This program gives the assurance to our customers and their customers that the right product will be shipped on the right week. In most cases, order fill performance turned out to be % to 100 %. For more information on TGG, please see our catalog. Clockwise from top left: Figure 2. Sunken tissue on leaf underside Figure 3. Western Flower Thrips damage on gerbera Figure 4. Western Flower Thrips feeding damage silvering Figure 5. Western Flower Thrips fecal deposits on leaf underside different age structures or life stages simultaneously over the course of the crop production cycle. However, in most cases, WFT management is reactive or occurs when populations are already abundant, which unfortunately limits options. Once WFT populations reach high levels, then growers rely on pest control materials, and more frequent applications (at three- to six-day intervals) may be required; however, this may promote the onset of resistance. Pest control materials must be applied before WFT enter terminal or flower buds because once they do, it is very difficult to obtain adequate regulation and prevent injury. Pest control materials with contact or translaminar properties are often used to regulate WFT populations whereas systemic pest control materials when applied as a drench or granules to the growing medium typically do not translocate into flower portions (e.g., petals and sepals) at sufficient concentrations to impact WFT adults that normally feed on flowers. Pest control materials with translaminar properties (the material penetrates and resides in leaf tissues forming a reservoir of active ingredient) may provide enough residual activity even after spray residues have dried. As such, those materials with translaminar properties are more likely to be effective in killing WFT in terminal or flower buds. Applications conducted after flowers open are, in general, too late since damage has already occurred. Most currently available pest control materials only directly kill the nymphs or adult, with no activity on either the egg or pupae stages because these stages are typically located in the leaf or growing medium; thus escaping exposure from applications of pest control materials. Therefore, repeat applications are typically Write in gpn JULY
4 warranted to kill the life stages that were not affected by previous applications. This is where scouting helps time applications of pest control materials accordingly. Three to five applications in a seven to 10-day period may be needed to obtain sufficient kill when WFT populations are high and there are different life stages (eggs, nymphs, pupae, and adults) and/or overlapping generations present, which occurs mainly from spring through late fall. However, frequent applications may result in WFT populations developing resistance. In addition to resistance, there are other reasons for poor regulation of WFT populations when using pest control materials including 1) using the wrong pest control material (this does happen); 2) spray timing, which is associated with the age structure of WFT populations (again, scouting will avoid this problem); 3) spray coverage (especially when using contact pest control materials); 4) ph of the spray solution; 5) frequency of applications; and 6) migration of WFT populations into greenhouses from outdoors, which may have already been exposed to a similar mode of action that will be used in the greenhouse. The mode of action and activity type (contact, translaminar, systemic, and stomach poison) of the pest control materials registered for use against WFT are presented in Table 1. In addition to using pest control materials, there is always the option of purchasing and releasing biological control agents (predators and benefical nematodes). For more information on using biological control agents on WFT, consult the publication Western Flower Thrips: Management on Greenhouse- Grown Crops, which is available at entml2/mf2922.pdf Early in the cropping cycle, and when plants are primarily in the vegetable stage, try to avoid using the big guns or those pest control materials with specific modes of action. You want to preserve these compounds for when you are dealing with high WFT populations. Instead, use pest control materials with broad modes of activity such as Beauveria bassiana alone, or mixed with azadirachtin, insecticidal soap, horticultural oils, or insect growth regulators such as novaluron. You can also use the neonicotinoids including imidacloprid, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, and/or thiamethoxam. Furthermore, consider releasing biological control agents such as Neoseilus (=Amblyseius) cucumeris, Amblyseius swirskii, or the minute pirate bug, Orius insidiosus. RED FOX for true growers the can t-miss essential aloha kona Flower Power! Fresh, mouthwatering colors Keep your cool, anytime! Heat tolerant and day-length neutral for easy planning Great news for singles! Compact, unlike other calibrachoas, so stars in single-variety production Dümmen USA, Inc Phone sales@dummenusa.com Once you start seeing an increase in numbers on the sticky cards, which may be above your established threshold (e.g., 10 to 20 adult WFT per sticky card per week), then you may need to use a different set of pest control materials including abamectin, acephate, methiocarb, spinosad, chlorfenapyr and/or pyridalyl to Spring 2013 RED FOX Tuning Watch the video here! Write in
5 Table 1. Pest control materials registered for use against the Western Flower Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) in greenhouses. Information includes common name (active ingredient), trade name, mode of action, activity type (contact, translaminar, systemic and/or stomach poison). Common Name Trade Name(s) Mode of Action Activity Type* Beauveria bassiana 1 BotaniGard Unclassified mode of action C Ppaecilomyces fumosoroseus Azadirachtin 2 Flonicamid PFR-97/NoFly Azatin/Ornazin/Molt-X/ Azatrol Aria Ecdysone antagonist Selective feeding blocker and obstruction of potassium channels Tolfenpyrad Hachi-Hachi Mitochondria electron transport inhibitor C Pyrethrins Pyreth-It/Pyrethrum Prolong opening of sodium channels C C C and SP C and S Novaluron Pedestal Chitin synthesis inhibitor C, T and SP Fenoxycarb Preclude Juvenile hormone mimic C Kinoprene Enstar II/AQ Juvenile hormone mimic C Petroleum oil Ultra-Pure Oil/SuffOil-X Suffocation or membrane disruption C potassium salts of fatty acids M-Pede Desiccation or membrane disruption C Bifenthrin Talstar/Attain Prolong opening of sodium channels C Cyfluthrin Decathlon Prolong opening of sodium channels C Fluvalinate Mavrik Prolong opening of sodium channels C Bifenazate + Abamectin Sirocco Mitochondria electron transport inhibitor + GABA chloride channel activator Chlorpyrifos DuraGuard Acetylcholine esterase inhibitor C C and T Acephate Orthene Acetylcholine esterase inhibitor C, T and S Methiocarb Spinosad Mesurol Conserve Acetylchloline esterase inhibitor Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist and GABA chloride channel activator C C, T and SP Chlorfenapyr Pylon Oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor C and T Abamectin Avid GABA chloride channel activator C and T Pyridalyl Overture Unknown mode of action C * Activity Type: C=Contact, T=Translaminar, S=Systemic and SP=Stomach poison 1 Products containing Beauveria bassiana as the active ingredient may be mixed with those products containing azadirachtin as the active ingredient. 2 Products containing azadirachtin as the active ingredient may be mixed with those products containing Beauveria bassiana as the active ingredient. knock down populations. If used appropriately, these options should avoid or at least alleviate WFT populations from building-up. However, it is important to note that any WFT management program will only work if you diligently scout your crops. The only way to maintain WFT populations at low levels are by timing of applications and thorough coverage of all plant parts. You can have the best pest control materials at your disposal but if you don t use or apply them correctly they will not be effective. Another thing to consider is once plants are purchased and placed into gardens or landscapes then WFT populations are subject to a variety of factors that cause mortality (death) including natural enemies (e.g., predators) and weather (e.g., rainfall). Also, customers tend to have a higher tolerance for plant damage or are less scrutinizing than growers do. In fact, most consumers don t even know what a WFT is. Another factor to consider is that due to the current trend of increased pest control material regulation combined with the increasing availability of low cost generic products and the excessive registration costs, growers are likely to see fewer new active ingredients registered for use against WFT and should develop management programs that maintain the effectiveness of currently available products. A successful WFT management program does not require eradication of the pest, but instead maintaining WFT populations at levels such that no major damage is noticeable. This will avoid unnecessary applications of pest control materials, which reduces selection pressure and thus the potential for resistance. In fact, two weeks before you anticipate shipping the crop, take a leisurely walk through your greenhouses and if you don t see any noticeable crop damage and the crop looks marketable then consider not applying any pest control materials. Give yourself some credit, at this point, you have done all you can to maintain WFT populations low enough to avoid economic crop damage. Below are some key points to contemplate when implementing a pest 46 gpn JULY
6 management program against WFT: The first line of defense in any pest management program is sanitation. Be sure to remove all weeds, which are reservoirs for WFT and potential inoculum sources for the viruses transmitted by WFT. Scout crops routinely using colored (yellow or blue) sticky cards. Determine which crops, and even cultivars, are most susceptible to WFT and pay particular attention to these in your scouting program. Establish thresholds (e.g., 10 to 20 adults per sticky card per week) for WFT adults, but be flexible, as these will likely change based on the crops grown, especially those that are susceptible to the viruses transmitted by WFT. Use pest control materials with broad modes of action Figure 6. Symptoms of INSV on impatiens Green-Fuse Botanicals is pleased to present a new category in the product line called First Light TM Perennials. These new introductions for 2012/13 showcase improved characteristics from existing genetics like a wider color range, more compact growth, increased flowers per plant and all are first year flowering requiring no vernalization for initiation. Next seasons productions should include First Light TM Perennials from Green-Fuse Botanicals. early in the crop production cycle and if populations are starting to increase (based on numbers of WFT captured on sticky cards) then incorporate pest control materials with site-specific modes of action. Also, be sure to develop rotation programs that involve pest control materials with different modes of action (refer to Table 1). Use biological control agents such as predatory mites, predatory bugs, and possibly beneficial nematodes (Steinernema feltiae) early in the crop production cycle and make releases on a regular basis. Be sure to contact your local or regional extension entomologist if you have questions or require assistance regarding management of WFT. * Mention of specific products in this article does not constitute an endorsement. **The author would like to acknowledge Joe Chamberlin (Valent U.S.A. Corporation) for his feedback regarding the industry perspective on managing WFT. g th Street, Santa Monica, CA USA (310) / FAX (310) info@green-fuse.com / Raymond A. Cloyd is professor and extension specialist in the department of entomology at Kansas State University. He can be reached at rcloyd@ksu.edu. Write in gpn JULY
Managing Thrips. Resistance to Insecticides
Managing Thrips Resistance to Insecticides Western flower thrips reproduce quickly and in high numbers, but the overuse of pesticides can lead to resistance. Consider the following strategies when developing
More informationInsect and Mite Control For Commercial Ornamental Greenhouses
E & PP 159 2014 Insect and Mite Control For Commercial Ornamental Greenhouses Frank A. Hale Professor University of Tennessee Extension Insect and mite control in commercial greenhouses is often difficult
More informationFungus Gnats. Fungus Gnat Larvae. Fungus Gnat Adults
2018 Pest Management Symposium February 22, 2018 Watsonville, CA Biology And Insecticide Management For Fungus Gnats Raymond A. Cloyd Professor, Extension Specialist in Horticultural Entomology/Plant Protection
More informationGreenhouse Pest Management. Greenhouse Functions. Key production target dates (IN) Display. Production
Greenhouse Pest Management Greenhouse Functions Display Conservatory Box store retail sales Production Retail Wholesale/retail Export Key production target dates (IN) Easter Lilies (April) Annuals, Perennials
More informationInsect and Mite Control For Commercial Ornamental Greenhouses
E & PP 159 2017 Insect and Mite Control For Commercial Ornamental Greenhouses Frank A. Hale Professor University of Tennessee Extension Insect and mite control in commercial greenhouses is often difficult
More informationLate in 2006, and certainly during 2007,
Are Thrips Still Bugging You? If this is a question you can answer with a yes, then it s time to take a closer look at the problem and see what can be done to improve your pest management program. By Ronald
More informationBiology & Control Revised October 2006
THRIPS Biology & Control Revised October 2006 Introduction Thrips have always been a common and difficult to control pest for growers of greenhouse flowers. The western flower thrips is the most widespread
More informationMAGAZINE SINCE Sponsored by BASF. Insecticide, Miticide, & Fungicide Guide
MAGAZINE SINCE 1937 Sponsored by BASF Insecticide, Miticide, & Fungicide Guide 2017-18 Cover photo credit: Dr. Raymond A. Cloyd editorial EDITOR Chris Beytes beytes@growertalks.com MANAGING EDITOR Jennifer
More informationIntegrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension. Biological Control of Western Flower Thrips
Integrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension Biological Control of Western Flower Thrips The western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis,
More informationThrips Western Flower Thrips Greenhouse Thrips. Identifying and Controlling Insects in. Whitefly sampling. Poinsettia thrips. Western flower thrips
Identifying and Controlling Insects in the High Tunnels Thrips Western Flower Thrips Greenhouse Thrips Luis Cañas, Ph. D. ntomology The Ohio State University canas.4@osu.edu Cuban Laurel Thrips Whitefly
More information3. PLAN AND IMPLEMENT A CROP MONITORING PROGRAM
3. PLAN AND IMPLEMENT A CROP MONITORING PROGRAM Monitoring needs to be based on a realistic, but effective system suited to your farm needs. Firstly you must be clear about: What pests (and diseases) you
More informationWHITEFLY (BEMISIA TABACI) MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR ORNAMENTAL PLANTS
WHITEFLY (BEMISIA TABACI) MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR ORNAMENTAL PLANTS This document presents a program to manage Bemisia tabaci whiteflies on ornamental plants. This program does not require a pesticide application
More informationWHITEFLY (BEMISIA TABACI)
WHITEFLY (BEMISIA TABACI) MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR ORNAMENTAL PLANTS For LANDSCAPE-Active-Ingredients see: (http://mrec.ifas.ufl.edu/lso/bemisia/documents/landscape-active-ingredients.pdf) This document
More informationBiological Control - THRIPS
Information Horticultural Consultants Weggs Farm Common Road Dickleburgh, DISS Norfolk IP21 4PJ Tel: 01379 741200 Fax: 01379 741800 Email: info@dovebugs.co.uk www.dovebugs.co.uk Biological Control - THRIPS
More informationGrower Summary CP 124. Managing ornamental plants sustainably (MOPS)
Grower Summary CP 124 Managing ornamental plants sustainably (MOPS) Final 2017 - Efficacy of plant protection products against sucking insects western flower thrips / protected ornamentals Disclaimer While
More informationCommercially Available * Biological Control Agents for Common Greenhouse Insect Pests
Photo Credits: Bugwood.org Commercially Available * Biological Control Agents for Common Greenhouse Insect Pests *Commercially available in the United States. Updated November 05. Bulletin 99. By: Heidi
More informationIntegrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension
Integrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension Biological Control of Western Flower Thrips The western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis,
More informationMAGAZINE SINCE Insecticide, Miticide, & Fungicide Guide Sponsored by
MAGAZINE SINCE 1937 Insecticide, Miticide, & Fungicide Guide Sponsored by 2019-20 editorial EDITOR Chris Beytes beytes@growertalks.com MANAGING EDITOR Jennifer Zurko RETAIL EDITOR Jennifer Polanz EDITOR-AT-LARGE
More informationMid-late Season Pest Management for Day Neutral Strawberries. Small Fruit Conference, Julie Pond, Peerbolt Crop Management
Mid-late Season Pest Management for Day Neutral Strawberries Small Fruit Conference, 11-29-2018 Julie Pond, Peerbolt Crop Management Pests of concern in Day Neutral production: Thrips Lygus Bug Spotted
More informationKansas State University Department of Entomology Newsletter
Kansas State University Department of Entomology Newsletter For Agribusinesses, Applicators, Consultants, Extension Personnel & Homeowners Department of Entomology 123 West Waters Hall K-State Research
More informationBiocontrol of thrips: From roadblock to cornerstone. Rose Buitenhuis Maryland Greenhouse Growers Association Aug 6, 2014
Biocontrol of thrips: From roadblock to cornerstone Rose Buitenhuis Maryland Greenhouse Growers Association Aug 6, 2014 From roadblock... Western flower thrips became an invasive species in the 80 Thigmotactic
More informationProtecting Your Dahlias From Bugs and Other Perils. Kevin Larkin Corralitos Gardens For The Monterey Bay Dahlia Society March 2012
Protecting Your Dahlias From Bugs and Other Perils Kevin Larkin Corralitos Gardens For The Monterey Bay Dahlia Society March 2012 Integrated Pest Management 1. Identification 2. Impact Assessment 3. Intervention
More informationUsing IPM in your Ag Program- Understanding Texas Laws
Using IPM in your Ag Program- Understanding Texas Laws What we will cover Basics of School IPM regulations IPM for Greenhouses What are biocontrols Exclusion Cultural controls Sanitation Scouting Identifying
More informationIntegrated pest management on vegetables for insect pests and vectors in South Texas
Integrated pest management on vegetables for insect pests and vectors in South Texas Adrian Silva and Ismael E. Badillo-Vargas Texas A&M AgriLife Research August 2016 Insect pests of vegetables in the
More informationJerry Brust IPM Vegetable Specialist
Organic Vegetable Pest Management Jerry Brust IPM Vegetable Specialist Insects Numbers of species Bacteria and Fungi Animals Plants Other Arthropods Insects Metamorphosis: Complete Metamorphosis: Incomplete
More informationEVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES FOR FUNGUS GNAT MANAGEMENT POINSETTIA TRIAL OCTOBER 2005
EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES FOR FUNGUS GNAT MANAGEMENT POINSETTIA TRIAL OCTOBER 2005 Paul Fisher (University of Florida, pfisher@ufl.edu), Alan Eaton (University of New Hampshire), and Raymond Cloyd (Univ.
More informationFact Sheets. Pest Management
UMass Extension Greenhouse Crops and Floriculture Fact Sheets Pest Management Managing Aphids Identification About 30 different species of aphids can be found in greenhouses, depending on the crop. Aphids
More informationIntegrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension
Integrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension Using Sticky Cards to Monitor for Greenhouse Insects Sticky cards are an important part of an Integrated
More informationPredatory Mites. Neoseiulus = Amblyseius cucumeris & swirskii. What do they do? Consumes thrips eggs & immatures on foliage
Predatory Mites Neoseiulus = Amblyseius cucumeris & swirskii What do they do? Consumes thrips eggs & immatures on foliage o Prefers thrips 1 st larval stage Also feed on pollen (swirskii on whiteflies)
More informationRose Pests. Leafcutter Bee Damage. Leafcutter Bees. Leafcutter Bee Larval Cells. Leafcutter Bees EPP 456
Rose Pests Leafcutter Bees Frank A. Hale, Ph.D. Professor Entomology and Plant Pathology Images courtesy of Carol Reese, UT Leafcutter bees (Osmia spp.) important native pollinators Leafcutter Bee Damage
More informationIMPORTANT UPDATE: CONTROL OF Q AND B BIOTYPE WHITEFLIES!
August 25, 2005 IMPORTANT UPDATE: CONTROL OF Q AND B BIOTYPE WHITEFLIES! As we are all aware, growers in the U.S. have been battling the B biotype of the silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) since its
More informationUnit G: Pest Management. Lesson 4: Managing Insects
Unit G: Pest Management Lesson 4: Managing Insects 1 Terms Ametamorphic Antennae Antibiosis control Beneficial insect Biological control Chemical control Chitin Clean culture Complete metamorphosis Cultural
More informationIntegrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension
Integrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension Scouting Guidelines and Biological Control Options for Vegetable Bedding Plants and Transplants
More informationScheduling Biologicals
Greenhouse Crops and Floriculture Scheduling Biologicals Linda Taranto, D&D Farms and Tina Smith, UMass Extension About D&D Farms D&D Farms is a family owned wholesale greenhouse business in Stow, MA.
More informationPest Management in Vegetable Gardens. Pam Brown Extension Agent Emeritus, Gardening Coach Pampered Gardeners, LLC
Pest Management in Vegetable Gardens Pam Brown Extension Agent Emeritus, Gardening Coach Pampered Gardeners, LLC pamperedgardeners@gmail.com Pest Management Involves: Providing proper cultural practices
More informationKansas State University Extension Entomology Newsletter
Kansas State University Extension Entomology Newsletter For Agribusinesses, Applicators, Consultants, Extension Personnel & Homeowners Department of Entomology 123 West Waters Hall K-State Research and
More informationImminent Threat or Tempest in a Tea Pot?
April 3, 2006 Imminent Threat or Tempest in a Tea Pot? Assessing the current and future implications of the Q biotype on whitefly management in the US. QTAC Symposium and Meeting Lance Osborne Not Another
More informationCommon Insect Pests of Cucurbits
Agnote 805 No. I59 December 2003 Agdex No: 263/622 ISSN No: 0157-8243 Common Insect Pests of Cucurbits H. Brown, Entomology, Darwin INTROD UC TION Cucurbits are a major horticultural crop in the Northern
More informationBioWorks Products. Strawberry Production
BioWorks Products Strawberry Production ROOT DISEASE CONTROL RootShield PLUS + WP OMRI Listed RootShield PLUS + (Trichoderma harzianum strain T-22, Trichoderma virens strain G-41), is a preventative biological
More information1. E8 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Action Plan
1. E8 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Action Plan 1 IPM Action Plan, Introduction Integrated Pest Management (IPM) a sustainable approach to reduce pests to a tolerable level by using the best balance
More informationBiocontrol Demonstrations; An Introduction to Greenhouse Pests and Biocontrols
Biocontrol Demonstrations; An Introduction to Greenhouse Pests and Biocontrols Dr. Lily Calderwood Commercial Horticulture Cornell Cooperative Extension CAAHP Team Tools used to manage pests while reducing
More informationPotato Insects. Frank G. Zalom, Department of Entomology, UC Davis
Potato Insects Frank G. Zalom, Department of Entomology, UC Davis Whiteflies Bemisia spp. Greenhouse whitefly (GWF) Adults- tiny, 1.5 mm long Bemisia spp. hold wings at an angle, rooflike over body, space
More informationPlant-Mediated IPM Systems
Plant-Mediated IPM Systems Plants used in combination with IPM tactics For Example: Scouting aid (pest &/or nat. enemy attractant) Site for nat. enemy releases &/or production Management decision aid (action
More informationCITRUS (CONTAINERIZED: SOIL TREATMENT) - CITRUS THRIPS (SUPPESSION)
CITRUS (CONTAINERIZED: SOIL TREATMENT) - CITRUS THRIPS (SUPPESSION) General Information RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT Some insects are known to develop resistance to insecticides after repeated use. As with any
More informationTREE NUTS, EXCEPT ALMOND (SOIL TREATMENT) - THRIPS (SUPPRESSION)
TREE NUTS, EXCEPT ALMOND (SOIL TREATMENT) - THRIPS (SUPPRESSION) General Information RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT Some insects are known to develop resistance to insecticides after repeated use. As with any insecticide,
More informationLettuce and Celery Production
Lettuce and Celery Production Field, Greenhouse, and High Tunnel ROOT DISEASE CONTROL RootShield PLUS + WP OMRI Listed RootShield PLUS + WP (Trichoderma harzianum strain T-22, Trichoderma virens strain
More informationIntegrated Pest Management of Thrips. Rose Buitenhuis
Integrated Pest Management of Thrips Rose Buitenhuis Why are thrips so difficult to control? Non-susceptible stages Thigmotactic behaviour eggs in leaf tissue, pupate in substrate Rapid population increase
More informationINSECTICIDES MITICIDES OR ACARACIDES. (how long they last) Any chemical used to control a pest Many different kinds SHORT TERM VS RESIDUAL CHAPTER 13
INSECTICIDES CHAPTER 13 Any chemical used to control a pest Many different kinds BROAD SPECTRUM NARROW SPECTRUM CONTACT/ SYSTEMIC CHITIN (primary structural chemical in body wall) SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS-INTERFERE
More information2014 Tri River Area Pest Management Workshop 307 Interior Plant Pests
Managing Interior Plant Pests Category 307 Interior Plants Benefits of Interior Plants Considerable health benefits: Increase oxygen, reduce carbon dioxide Raise humidity Filter toxins (formaldehyde, benzene)
More informationIntegrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension
Integrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension Biological Control of Two-Spotted Spider Mites The two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus
More informationTropical Fruit IPM Daniel Carrillo, Rita Duncan & Jorge Peña
Tropical Fruit IPM Daniel Carrillo, Rita Duncan & Jorge Peña Tropical Research and Education Center 120 Cumulative Detections 100 80 60 40 20 0 Arthropods as significant detections in Florida GATT: 3rd
More informationCONTROL OF RED SPIDER AND FALSE SPIDER MITES ON ORCHIDS BY CHARLIE TRUSCOTT
CONTROL OF RED SPIDER AND FALSE SPIDER MITES ON ORCHIDS BY CHARLIE TRUSCOTT WHAT ARE WE GOING TO TALK ABOUT TODAY HOW TO IDENTIFY THE PROBLEMS MITES ON YOUR ORCHIDS. LEARN ABOUT THEIR LIFE CYCLE SO YOU
More informationCrop Profile for Chrysanthemums in Ohio
Crop Profile for Chrysanthemums in Ohio Prepared Feb.,2001 General Production Information Area of production in Ohio: 3,886,000 sq. ft - 70% for wholesale market Percent of US Acreage/Rank: 7%/5 th Number
More informationSCALES INSECT CONTROL ON LANDSCAPE ORNAMENTALS SCALES. Tea Scale 2/13/2012. Will Hudson Extension Entomologist
SCALES INSECT CONTROL ON LANDSCAPE ORNAMENTALS Will Hudson Extension Entomologist Most move only as crawlers May be found on stems or foliage Honeydew is a problem with soft scales Protective cover makes
More informationCucumber Beetle Biology and Control in Melons. Diane Alston Entomologist Utah State University Melon Growers Meeting Green River, UT January 31, 2006
Cucumber Beetle Biology and Control in Melons Diane Alston Entomologist Utah State University Melon Growers Meeting Green River, UT January 31, 2006 Cucumber Beetles Chrysomelidae Leaf Beetles Western
More informationIntegrated Pest Management. University of California Statewide IPM Program
Integrated Pest Management University of California Statewide IPM Program In this presentation. Define IPM Explain what s in an IPM program How IPM can be applied to your garden and orchard Examples of
More informationTips on Managing Insects & Mites
Tips on Managing Insects & Mites Leanne Pundt UConn Extension www.ipm.uconn.edu An Equal Opportunity Employer and Program Provider. Outline Fungus Gnats Thrips Spider Mites Broad Mites Aphids Mealybugs
More informationSoutheastern U.S. Vegetable Handbook eastvegetable guide/
Southeastern U.S. Vegetable Handbook http://www.thegrower.com/south eastvegetable guide/ http://didc.blogspot.com/2007/10/funny pumpkin pictures.html Scott Stewart The University of Tennessee WTREC, Jackson
More informationPest Check. Whiteflies on Houseplants
Kimberly Schofield Program Specialist-Urban IPM k-schofield@tamu.edu Pest Check Whiteflies on Houseplants The silverleaf whitefly is the most economically important whitefly species in Texas, with a host
More informationBattle Whiteflies and Thrips
Battle Whiteflies and Thrips Effectively Controlling Thrips Most adult thrips are slender, minute (less than 1/20 inch long), and have long, narrow wings. Immatures (called larvae or nymphs, or pupae)
More informationWelcome to the Iowa Certified Nursery Professional Training program Module 9: Managing Plant Diseases and Insects.
Welcome to the Iowa Certified Nursery Professional Training program Module 9: Managing Plant Diseases and Insects. 1 Upon completing this module you will: 1. Be able to define IPM; 2. Know the basic methods
More informationCommercial Foliage and Woody Ornamental Arthropod Pest Management 1
ENY-311 Commercial Foliage and Woody Ornamental Arthropod Pest Management 1 Lance S. Osborne, Eileen A. Buss, Catharine M. Mannion and James F. Price 2 Pest management on foliage and woody ornamentals
More informationHome Pesticide Options and Safety M A R I O N M U R R A Y, U S U I P M P R O G R A M
Home Pesticide Options and Safety M A R I O N M U R R A Y, U S U I P M P R O G R A M Using pesticides in an IPM setting Understanding the pesticide label Types of pesticides and how they work Applying
More informationPests of Landscape Trees. Wizzie Brown Texas A&M Agrilife Extension
Pests of Landscape Trees Wizzie Brown Texas A&M Agrilife Extension Tips for pest management Always identify the insect Pest vs. beneficial Biological Control Using other organisms to control a pest Conservation
More informationGreenhouse Peppers: Guidelines for Biological Control
Greenhouse Peppers: Guidelines for Biological Control Biological controls have been used in greenhouse peppers since the crop began to be grown in BC in the mid-1980 s. Biological control is most effective
More informationInsect Management for Peppers
Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 1/16 April 7, 2005 Insect Management for Peppers 1 William E. Chaney Farm Advisor - Entomology U.C. Cooperative Extension 1432 Abbott Street Salinas, CA 93901 Insect
More informationWork package title: Efficacy of plant protection products against sucking insects western flower thrips / protected ornamentals. Jude Bennison, ADAS
Project title: Managing ornamental plants sustainably (MOPS) Project number: CP 124 Work package title: Efficacy of plant protection products against sucking insects western flower thrips / protected ornamentals
More informationBotanical Insecticide, Miticide, and Nematicide
Botanical Insecticide, Miticide, and Nematicide For Organic Production For use on Indoor and Outdoor Vegetables, Ornamentals, Flowers, Interiorscapes, Container Grown Plants, Trees, Fruits, Herbs, Home
More informationMaking Pest Management More Efficient -- The Bedding Plant IPM. Alliance
UCNFA 2010 Nursery/Floriculture Insect and Disease Management Symposium October 28 -- Watsonville Making Pest Management More Efficient -- The Bedding Plant IPM Christine Casey Michael Parrella Department
More informationPEST IDENTIFICATION. PMA 4570/6228 Lab 2 June 29, 2017
PEST IDENTIFICATION PMA 4570/6228 Lab 2 June 29, 2017 Steps towards a successful IPM program 1. Correct identification 2. Monitoring 3. Economic thresholds 4. Choice of optimum pest control option Pests
More informationLast month, I discussed tips for vinca
Tips for Producing Vinca Bedding Plants after transplanting healthy plugs, here are some tips for growing high-quality flowering vinca. By Ron Derrig Last month, I discussed tips for vinca plug production.
More informationGreenhouse Pest Management. Greenhouse pests. Fungus gnat -damage by larvae
Greenhouse Pest Management Greenhouse pests Thrips Whiteflies Fungus gnats Shore flies Mites Bulb mites Aphids Mealybugs Leaf miners (rare in IN) Fungus gnat -damage by larvae Larvae (maggots) feed on
More informationReducing disruptions to your IPM program. Michael Brownbridge
Reducing disruptions to your IPM program Michael Brownbridge Pesticide control of thrips or Nostalgia ain t what it used to be The good old days Insecticide applied every weekend because it was Saturday
More informationCommon Rose and Garden Pests
Image: http://www.insectid.ento.vt.edu Common Rose and Garden Pests 2014 1835 E. Guiberson Road, Fillmore, California 93015 (805) 524-2123 Notes Table of Contents Arthropod Pests Aphid 2 Mites 4 Thrips
More informationCrop Profile for Petunias in Ohio
Prepared: November, 2000 Crop Profile for Petunias in Ohio General Production Information Area of production in Ohio: 921,000 sq. ft - 76% for wholesale market Percent of US Acreage/Rank: 8%/4 th Number
More informationBeneficial Insects. Your best buddies for pest control
Beneficial Insects Your best buddies for pest control Convergent Lady Beetle Adults are generalist predators (especially aphids), also feed on chinch bugs, whiteflies, mites and many other soft-bodied
More informationAn America Rose Society Presentation 2005
An America Rose Society Presentation 2005 IPM OF ROSE PESTS Baldo Villegas Entomologist; ARS Master Rosarian Sacramento, CA USDA (Zone 8/9) EMail: sactorose@yahoo.com Home Page: http://www.sactorose.org/
More informationAlternative Pesticide Management for the Lawn and Garden
Alternative Pesticide Management for the Lawn and Garden XCM-221 A pest-free lawn and garden may sound ideal, but is it really? Maintaining the perfect urban landscape may result in a reliance on pesticides
More informationPotato XXII Green Peach Aphid
Potato XXII Green Peach Aphid Whitney S. Cranshaw, Gary L. Hein Green Peach Aphid Identification (and life cycle/seasonal history) Aphids of importance to potato winter as eggs laid near buds of woody
More informationINSECT CONTROL FOR ORNAMENTALS GROWN IN NURSERIES OR LANDSCAPES
NOTE: The following list of pesticides is labeled for the uses listed; however, there are different formulations of particular compounds and you must make sure the pesticide used is properly labeled. The
More informationPest Control Experience in the South African Citrus Industry. Tim G Grout
Pest Control Experience in the South African Citrus Industry Tim G Grout Citrus Production Regions ZIMBABWE MOZAMBIQUE BOTSWANA NORTHERN LIMPOPO PROVINCE NORTH WEST GAUTENG GAUTENG MPUMALANGA MPUMALANGA
More informationInsect Management on Desert Produce Crops: Leafminers
Insect Management on Desert Produce Crops: Leafminers John C. Palumbo, Department of Entomology, Yuma Ag Center Vegetable Leafminer, American Serpentine Leafmine, Liriomyza sativae Liriomyza trifolii Distribution
More informationPoinsettias. Poinsettias can, at times, be a. Avoiding Top Problems of NC STATE UNIVERSITY
Avoiding Top Problems of Poinsettias Prevention and early detection of poinsettia problems are critical to growing a high-quality crop. Here, learn how to identify and correct nutritional, physiological
More informationManagement of Tobacco Diseases Agent Training Dark Tobacco
Management of Tobacco s Agent Training Dark Tobacco April 5, 2007 Princeton, KY Kenny Seebold University of Kentucky Dept. of Plant Pathology What is a Plant? A condition where the normal functions of
More informationBiocontrol of Thrips: From roadblock to cornerstone
Biocontrol of Thrips: From roadblock to cornerstone Biological control in Canadian greenhouses Michael Brownbridge Pesticide control of thrips o r Nostalgia ain t what it used to be The good old days Insecticide
More informationOne way to assure constant presence of BCAs Apply fresh BCAs weekly or every other week 2/15/2017. Carol S. Glenister IPM Laboratories, Inc.
Carol S. Glenister IPM Laboratories, Inc. Biological control basics Continuous presence of beneficials Banker Plants Habitat Plants Pollen supplementation Ephestia egg supplementation Breeding Sachets
More informationCrop Profile for Lilies (Easter) in Ohio
Crop Profile for Lilies (Easter) in Ohio General Production Information 1. Area of production in Ohio: 549,000 sq. ft - 80% for wholesale market 2. Percent of US Acreage/Rank: 5%/5 th 3. Number of Growers:
More informationREGISTRATION NUMBER: PEST CONTROL PRODUCTS ACT
VELIFER For suppression of aphids, twospotted spider mites, thrips and whiteflies in greenhouse ornamentals and greenhouse vegetables. COMMERCIAL ACTIVE INGREDIENT: Beauveria bassiana PPRI 5339 not less
More informationSupplemental Label. ESTEEM 0.86 EC Insect Growth Regulator EPA Reg. No (EXCEPT CALIFORNIA AND NEW YORK)
Supplemental Label Valent U.S.A. Corporation P.O. Box 8025 Walnut Creek, CA 94596-8025 GROUP 7D INSECTICIDE ESTEEM 0.86 EC Insect Growth Regulator EPA Reg. No. 59639-95 (EXCEPT CALIFORNIA AND NEW YORK)
More informationSection 6. Secondary Pests
Section 6 Secondary Pests Secondary Pests While the Pest Management Transition Project is focusing on the challenges of moving the apple industry from use of organophosphate (OP) insecticides for key
More informationPepper CROP INFO-SHEET. olos
CROP INFO-SHEET Pepper General Information The most common pests in a greenhouse pepper crop are spider mites, thrips, aphids, fungus gnats, Lepidoptera larvae (e.g. loopers, caterpillars) and Lygus (tarnished
More informationHydroponic Information
Hydroponic Information Product Specifications Hydroponic production has become a popular alternative form of commercial food production. Even though the growing media is without organic matter and in an
More informationOrchid Pests and their Management
Orchid Pests and their Management Ken Campbell 8/1/2017 No Lack of Challenges How much light? Temperatures? Water options... and how often to water Fertilizer... which one and how much? Pests Viral issues
More informationManaging Utah s Persistent Insect Pests of Trees & Shrubs. Diane Alston Entomologist Utah State University Extension 2006 Utah Green Conference
Managing Utah s Persistent Insect Pests of Trees & Shrubs Diane Alston Entomologist Utah State University Extension 2006 Utah Green Conference Pest Management Resources on the Web Pest fact sheets & photos
More informationRaspberry Insect & Mite Biology & Management. Diane Alston Utah State University The 1 st Annual Utah Raspberry Meeting February 23, 2006
Raspberry Insect & Mite Biology & Management Diane Alston Utah State University The 1 st Annual Utah Raspberry Meeting February 23, 2006 Raspberry Horntail Most common insect pest of raspberry canes in
More informationBiocontrol Starting In Propagation
Biocontrol Starting In Propagation Greenhouse IPM Workshop January 17-19, 2018 Greg Bryant IPM Technical Specialist (Northeast Region) Bioline Agrosciences GBryant@biolineagrosciences.com The Importance
More informationCommercial Ornamentals
Commercial Ornamentals Control Recommendations for 2011 INSECT CONTROL Woody Ornamentals Commercial Woody Ornamentals Control* Aphids ** acephate ORTHENE TT&O ORTHENE TT&O SPRAY 97 acetamiprid TRISTAR
More informationHorticulture 2013 Newsletter No. 34 August 27, 2013
Horticulture 2013 Newsletter No. 34 August 27, 2013 Video of the Week: Overseeding Your Lawn Fertilize Strawberries FRUIT An August application of nitrogen on spring-bearing strawberries is important in
More information2016 Dry Bean Pest Scouting Report
2016 Dry Bean Pest Scouting Report INTRODUCTION Dr. Heather Darby, Extension Agronomist Dr. Ann Hazelrigg, Director, Plant Diagnostic Clinic Erica Cummings, Crops and Soils Coordinator Gabriella Maia,
More informationExtension Notes. Pest Management at Monarch Waystations. Beth Wilson Pulaski County Extension Office
Extension Notes Beth Wilson Pulaski County Extension Office Pest Management at Monarch Waystations Even though you may not have an official Monarch Waystation, if you are concerned about monarchs and pollinators
More information