1. Tree & Stand Growth Group Presentations 2. Lab Tues Evaluating communities for wildlife habitat 3. Take Home Test next Tuesday
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1 NREM 301 Forest Ecology & Soils Day 16 October 9, Tree & Stand Growth Group Presentations 2. Lab Tues Evaluating communities for wildlife habitat 3. Take Home Test next Tuesday
2 Create a Diagram showing the distribution of soils across a Central Iowa Landscape briefly describe major identifying features of each soil Group Activity
3 Create a Diagram showing the distribution of soils across a Central Iowa Landscape briefly describe major identifying features of each soil Elongated Depression 1 Harps 2 Okoboji Concentric Depression 3 Storden 4 Webster/Canisteao Clarion or Nicollet Hayden 8 Storden Terrill Hanlon Coland Spillville
4 Soil Landscape Model for Central Iowa Hayden-Lester-Storden Association Clarion-Webster-Nicollet Association Coland-Spillville-Zook Association
5 Upland Soils Clarion-Webster-Nicollet Association Note: Parent materials glacial till or local alluvium Upland depressional soil sequence from center out Okoboji 6, Harps 95, Canisteo 507 Webster depressional, non-circular soil Best drained soils Clarion 138 & Storden 62 but Storden is eroded Nicollet somewhat poorly drained
6 Upland Hillslope Soils Hayden-Lester-Storden Association Parent Materials Glacial Till, Colluvium, Alluvium, Bedrock Lester summit, shoulder, well-drained, loam, formed under savanna vegetation Hayden shoulder, upper back slope, well-drained loam, formed under forest Storden back slope, shallow loam, well-drained, formed under forest Terril foot slope, well-drained loam, formed under forest Coland foot slope, poorly drained Clay loam along small creeks
7 Flood Plain Soils Along the Skunk River Coland-Spillville-Zook Soil Association Flood Plain- Toe Slope Spillville black Loam, moderately Well drained Coland black Clay loam, poorly drained Zook black Silty clay loam, Poorly drained Parent Material Alluvium Hanlon natural levee, sandy loam Wadena & Biscay minor soils
8 Tree & Stand Growth
9 What is a tree? Perennial a large main woody stem & large crown of branches that lifts leaves above competitors. Large crown large leaf area. High evapotranspiration needs Large root system. Competitive strategy outgrow competition. To maintain competitive edge Needs apical & lateral meristems
10 How does it differ from a shrub? Develops & maintains one dominant main stem to elevate crown into the upper canopy
11 P 3 - Handout What is a meristem? What are the two major meristems in trees and where are they located? Apical meristems primary growth Nodes Internodes Lateral meristems secondary growth
12 (Phloem) Cork Cambium (Xylem) Lateral Meristems 1. Cambium 2. Cork Cambium P 2 - Handout
13 Kinds of buds (Apical Meristems) Terminal Lateral Or Axillary Dormant buds Seasonally dormant Suppressed Adventitious buds Epicormic Branches Floral Buds are Apical Meristems Primary Growth
14 Bud Growth Patterns Fixed Growth one annual flush Fixed Free Growth continuous growth Recurrent Growth (Southern Pines) Free Growth Many Riparian Species P 4 - Handout
15 Bud Activity and Tree Shape Excurrent strong apical control
16 Bud Activity and Tree Shape Decurrent weak apical control
17 Decurrent Weak Apical Control Excurrent Strong Apical Control Many Years 1 3 years Bud Activity & Tree Shape P 5 - Handout 1 3 Years Many Years
18 Open Grown Stand Grown
19 Yearly Shoot Growth Patterns Determinate growth terminal bud stays active with strong control Indeterminate growth no true terminal bud weak control or may become a floral bud or abort Determinate Indeterminate Result of P 5 - Handout Indeterminate
20 Types of Shoots Long shoots normal shoots that elongate annually Short shoots or spur shoots short ones that do not elongate Short or Spur Shoot Short Shoot Turned Long Shoot P 6 - Handout
21 # of Years Leaves are Held
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