PRE-FEASIBILTY REPORT (PFR) for ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

Transcription

1 PRE-FEASIBILTY REPORT (PFR) for ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) for Proposed New National highway (Feeder Route of Bharatmala Project Route 5) NH-348 B starts from Ulwe (Padeghar) connecting Jambhulpada, Kauli Belodak, Chiner, Sai, Barapada and NH-348 BB starts from Chirner connecting Koporli and terminating near Khopate Village Submitted by NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA (Ministry of Road Transport & Highways Government of India)

2 1. Executive Summary Introduction of the Project / Background information... 7 i. Identification of Project and Project Proponent... 7 ii. Brief Description of nature of the Project... 7 iii. Need for the Project and its importance to the Country and or region... 8 iv. Demand Supply Gap... 9 v. Imports vs. Indigenous production... 9 vi. Export Possibility... 9 vii. Domestic / Export Markets... 9 viii. Employment generation (Direct and Indirect) due to the project Project Description i. Type of project including interlinked and interdependent projects, if any ii. Location (map showing general location, specific location and project boundary and project site layout) with coordinates iii. Details of alternative sites considered and the basis of selecting the proposed site, particularly the environmental considerations gone into should be highlighted iv. Size of magnitude of operation v. Project description with process (a schematic diagram / flowchart showing the project layout, components of the project etc. should be given.) vi. Raw material required along with estimated quantity, likely source, marketing area of final product/s, Mode of transport of raw Material and Finished Product vii. Resource optimization/ recycling and reuse envisaged in the project, if any, should be briefly outlined viii. Availability of water its source, Energy/ power requirement and source should be given. 12 ix. Quantity of wastes to be generated (liquid and solid) and scheme for their Management/disposal x. Schematic representation of the feasibility drawing which give information of EIA purpose Site Analysis i. Connectivity ii. Land form and land use iii. Topography iv. Existing land use pattern (agriculture, non-agriculture, forest, water bodies (including area under CRZ), shortest distances from the periphery of the project to periphery of the forests, national park, wildlife sanctuary, eco-sensitive areas, water bodies (distance from the HFL of the river), CRZ. In case of notified industrial area, a copy of the Gazette notification should be given. 14 NHAI 2

3 v. Existing Infrastructure vi. Soil Classification vii. Climatic data from Secondary sources viii. Social Infrastructure Planning Brief i. Planning Concept (type of industries, facilities transportation etc.) Town and Country Planning/ Development authority Classification ii. Population Projection iii. Land use planning (breakup along with green belt etc.) iv. Assessment of Infrastructure Demand (Physical & Social) v. Amenities / facilities Proposed infrastructure i. Industrial Area (Processing Area) ii. Residential Area (Non-Processing Area) iii. Green Belt iv. Social Infrastructure v. Connectivity vi. Drinking Water Management (Source and Supply of Water) vii. Sewerage System viii. Industrial Waste management ix. Solid Waste management x. Power Requirement and Supply / Source Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R & R) Plan: i. Policy to be adopted (Central/State) in respect of the project affected persons including home oustees, land oustees and landless laborers (a brief outline to be given) Project Schedule & Cost Estimates Analysis of proposal (Final Recommendations) i. Financial and social benefits with special emphasis on the benefit to the local people including tribal population, if any, in the area NHAI 3

4 1. Executive Summary The proposed project is a part of the Bharat Mala Project which has been envisaged as an umbrella program under the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. The project involves constructions or improvement of national highways/ newly declared National Highways with an aim to improve road connectivity to border areas, ports, backward areas, religious and tourist sites. The project has identified 44 economic (freight) corridors, inter-corridors and feeder-routes for development. The Bharatmala Project consists of connecting National Highways by improvement of State Highways in 3 states viz. Telangana 2 packages Madhya Pradesh 7 Packages Maharashtra 5 Packages Out of 5 packages in Maharashtra, there are 3 Inter Corridor stretches & 2 Feeder Routes. The details are as follows: Sr. No Route Stretch Start & End locations of Corridor 1 Inter Corridor 2 Inter Corridor 3 Inter Corridor 4 Feeder Route 5 Feeder Route Banda Madhkhol Sankeshwar section Sangamner Nira Pune Kedgaon section of Devmogra Shree Mangal Harchand Nagar Patan Nandur Shingote Ahmednagar section Ulwe Raigad section of SH 104 (Development of National Highway 348B & 348BB) Banda - Sankeshwar Lonand - Kedgaon Length in km (approx.) km km Songir-Nandurbar km Visarwadi Kolhar Nandur km Shingote Option 1(old): 25.35km Alignment Start (Approx.) from Padeghar (Option 1) village and ends at 28.18km Barapada Village length and another (Approx.) alignment starts (Option 2) from Chirner and 29.6km ends at Khopate (Approx.) village (Option 3) Option 2: 25.97km Alignment start from Padeghar (Approx.) and passing (Option 4) through Chirner it ends nearby Jite Village and NHAI 4

5 another alignment starts from Koproli village ends at Khopate village Option 3: Alignment start from Padeghar and passing through Chirner, Veshni, Rave and ends nearby Jite Village and another alignment starts from Koproli village ends at Khopate village Option 4: Alignment start from Padeghar village and passing through Chirner, Kalambusare, Rave and ends nearby Jite Village and another alignment starts from Chirner and ends at Khopate village The project corridor is proposed for development to 4-lane access-controlled roads depending upon traffic and the Right of Way available. In this regard, NHAI has been entrusted with the assignment of Development of Economic Corridors, Inter-Corridors, Feeder Routes and Coastal Roads primarily to improve freight movement in the Country. NHAI has invited proposal from Technical consultants for carrying out detailed project report. Bharatmala Route 5: The Pre-feasibility Report for Route 5 is development of National Highway of NH348B & NH348BB situated in Raigad district. Which is a Feeder route. NHAI 5

6 Components of the Project The project corridor is proposed for development to 4 - lane access-controlled roads depending upon traffic and the Right of Way available; Provision of basic amenities like toll plazas, administrative buildings, rest areas, etc., and other ancillary structures; Avenue plantation shall be provided as per Green Highway (Plantation and Maintenance) policy and Green Highways (Plantation Trans-plantation beautification and Maintenance) policy Need and Importance of the Project: Cities have concentrated educational infrastructures, employment opportunities, skilled work force, financial independence and the infrastructure to keep the demand-supply cycle intact. Thus, for a young developing nation, exposure of the youth to the industries and business opportunities in the cities plays a very important role in deciding the future and its demography. Transport infrastructure forms the backbone of a country s economy and provides a vital linkage between the urban and the rural areas. The Projected corridor interlinks the National Highways. This corridor speeds up the freight movement and provides the better access to freight vehicles as a link to the National Highway. It also connects the rural areas to better prospects of medical support for humans as well as cattle. Manpower is the most copious resource of India. Thus, for a young developing nation, exposure of the youth to the industries and business opportunities in the cities plays a very important role in deciding the future and its demography. Education plays an irreplaceable role in contributing to the prosperity of any state. The road connects the rural areas with limited educational facilities to the urban ones with plenty opportunities for higher education. An important aspect which may not be always thought about is the frequency and impact of accidents. As the roads will widen from 2 to 4 lanes the probability of accidents will also reduce which causes a great impetus on planning of highway geometry. The proposed project is a part of the Bharat Mala Project which has been envisaged as an umbrella program under the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. The project involves constructions or improvement of national highways/ newly declared National Highways with an aim to improve road connectivity to coastal/border areas, ports, backward areas, and religious and tourist sites. The project has identified 44 economic (freight) corridors, inter-corridors and feeder-routes for development. NHAI 6

7 2. Introduction of the Project / Background information i. Identification of Project and Project Proponent Project: Proposed New National highway (Feeder Route of Bharatmala Project Route 5) NH-348 B starts from Ulwe (Padeghar) connecting Jambhulpada, Kauli Belodak, Chiner, Sai, Barapada and NH-348 BB starts from Chirner connecting Koporli and terminating near Khopta Village in the state of Maharashtra. ii. Project Proponent: National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) Brief Description of nature of the Project The Development of National Highway NH348B & NH348BB project is situated in Raigad district, in Maharashtra. This alignment is not yet fixed so details of the alternative is described below. The main common alignment for all alternative start from Padeghar to Chirner and second alignment is from chirner to Khopate village for Option 1 & 4 while for option 2 & 3 second alignment start from Koproli village and end at Khopate village. 1. The option 1 alignment starts from Padeghar and ends at Barapada which is Kharpada Toll naka. This alignment is 26.5 km which passes through approximately 19 villages. For better connectivity to the JNPT Port, the alignment is extended from Chirner village and ends at Khopate village at Uran Taluka in Raigad district. Option 1 alignment passes through the Eco sensitive zone of the Karnala bird Sanctuary which have notified boundary. 2. Option 2 alignment starts from Padeghar by passing through Chirner, Khoproli, Sarde, Punade village and the alignment ends at Edapally Panvel Highway nearby Jite Village. And another stretch of the alignment which start from Koproli village and end at Khopate bridge. This alignment passes through two taluka that is Uran & Panvel. The total Length of Option 2 alignment is approx km length (Approx) 3. The Third option alignment length is 29.6km approx, which begins with Padeghar and passes through Chirner, Koproli, Sarde, Vasheni, Rave and Kelavane and it also ends at Edapally Panvel Highway nearby Jite Village. And another alignment starts Koproli and end at Khopate bridge same as Option 2. This alignment passes through 3 Taluka that is Uran, Pen and Panvel. 4. The option 2 & 3 starts from Padeghar and passes through Chirner- Koproli but nearby Pandive village the alignment get bifurcated and option 3 alignment passes from village Sarde to Kelvane and ends at Edapally Panvel Highway nearby Jite Village (approx 1 km away) and third bifurcated alignment passes through village Sarde- Vasheni-Rave and it also ends at Edapally Panvel Highway nearby Jite Village (0.54 km away). In this both alternative have the another stretches of the alignment which is common and it start from Koproli to Khopate Village. NHAI 7

8 5. The 4 th alternative alignment starts from Padeghar and by passes through chirner, juipunade and Kelvane and ends at Edapally Panvel Highway nearby Jite Village around 1 km away This alignment is km approx. and another alignment passes through Chirner village and ends at Khopate village in Raigad district. Option 4 alignment also passes through reserved forest. 6. This road is single lane which is going to be upgraded and option 2, 3, 4 alignments is newly proposed from chirner. so that the development of National highways will lead to enhanced connectivity opportunity within the district as well as the surrounding areas. Several State and National Highways are connected to the proposed project, which in turn connect to several important cities within Maharashtra and also in other states. The proposed road is interconnecting in the Raigad District. This route is important, as it provide link to NH66, NH4 & NH17, SH 54, JNPT road which will be benefit to Maharashtra & other State. iii. Need for the Project and its importance to the Country and or region The Bharat mala Project aims to develop road link to provide connectivity all over India by providing National and state highways, and also to increase internal connectivity they providing Interlinkages and feeder routes. Ministry of Road Traffic and Highway (MORTH) and NHAI has under taken improvement various corridor (SH) for Upgradation/Expansion, which are further connecting to National Highway under Bharat Mala project. As a part of Bharat Mala project NHAI has under taken development of National Highway 348B and NH348BB from 2 to 4 Lane in Raigad district. At present, the existing route is two lane road which pass through various cities and Villages. This route has poor geometry at many Locations and is also congested. To reduce the traffic congestion widening and development of allied activities from 2 lanes to 4 lane along the road will improve connectivity in the region. The Project will substantially reduce the existing transport bottleneck to trade and will foster regional economic cooperation. The entire region will be benefitted from the Project, while the project area will gain through economic development and increased access to markets and social services. Improving the project road will reduce transport cost and will contribute to commercial and industrial development opportunities. It will also improve mobility, reduce travel time and fuel consumption ultimately having positive impact on Environment. Connectivity between rural parts of the district which will be beneficial for trade, social integration and Commuters. Expansion or widening of road will improved transportation access benefit for future development of social infrastructure (e.g.: Hospitals, Schools etc.). Other Benefits of the Project is tourism resources which is a treasure of tourist places. The Raigad district have 161 tourist centers which are distributed all over the district The main attraction is Historical fort like Hill station, Caves, Raigad fort, Janjira fort, Beautiful beaches like Alibaug, Akshi, Nagaon etc.. Sanctuaries are one of the most important NHAI 8

9 attractions for observation of wild animals, bird watcher and nature lover they are Karnala Bird Sanctuary and Fansad Wild life. The Raigad district is one of the coastal districts of Maharashtra. JNPT is the Famous international port located near Uran town. Rasayani, Taloja, Nagothannne are the main industrial centres developed in Raigad district. This project will set target as the new centers of industrial development, area development along with entertainment/ tourism throughout the corridor. Thus, this planning will not only reduce travel time but also improve country s economic growth, educational facilities, employment opportunities and developing the nation. iv. Demand Supply Gap v. Imports vs. Indigenous production vi. vii. viii. Export Possibility Domestic / Export Markets Employment generation (Direct and Indirect) due to the project Highway construction broadly encompasses the process of construction and maintenance, including the design, contracting, implementation, supervision, and maintenance of highways and related structures, such as bridges and interchanges. The areas covered includes public works, private contracting of civil works, and labor-based construction techniques. For this purpose, 200 labours shall be employed per day. Direct employment generation: During the construction phase manpower will be needed to take the part in various project activities. Skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled labors, will likely to get work. In the post construction phase, it is expected that the project will provide social benefits to local people in terms of direct employment by way of better commercial and industrial development of the area. Indirect Employment: The project shall also induce indirect employment generation for cleaners, guards, local vendors, operation and maintenance workers etc. Local vendors, construction material traders, electrician, plumbers etc. will be benefitted through employment generated during construction and maintenance phase. NHAI 9

10 3. Project Description i. Type of project including interlinked and interdependent projects, if any. ii. Location (map showing general location, specific location and project boundary and project site layout) with coordinates Map attached as Annexure 1 iii. iv. Details of alternative sites considered and the basis of selecting the proposed site, particularly the environmental considerations gone into should be highlighted. Option 1 (old) Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Alignment Start from Padeghar village and ends at Barapada Village. Another alignment starts from Chirner and ends at Khopate village Alignment start from Padeghar and passing through Chirner it ends nearby Jite Village. and another alignment starts from Koproli village ends at Khopate village Alignment start from Padeghar and passing through Chirner, Veshni, Rave and ends nearby Jite Village and another alignment starts from Koproli village ends at Khopate village Alignment start from Padeghar village and passing through Chirner, Kalambusare, Rave and ends nearby Jite Village Another alignment starts from Chirner and ends at Khopate village Comparison and detailed report on alternative alignment analysis will be presented in Annexure II and will be detailed out in EIA. Size of magnitude of operation The total Stretch of the alignment for Option 1 is km approx starting from Padeghar in Raigad District and ends at Barapada (Kharpada Toll naka). Option 2 alignment is km approx. Which starts from padeghar and and passing through Chirner it ends nearby Jite Village. Whereas the third alternative alignment stretch is 29.6 km approx start from Padeghar and passing through Chirner, Veshni, Rave and ends nearby Jite Village. Option 4 Alignment start from Padeghar village and passing through Chirner, Kalambusare, Rave and ends nearby Jite Village and another alignment starts from Chirner and ends at Khopate village All this Alternative alignment is situated in Raigad district and it is development of Proposed New National Highway the Right of Way (ROW) proposed is 60 m with 4 lane (2+2) carriageway and for Option 2,3 and 4 tunnels have been proposed. NHAI 10

11 v. Project description with process (a schematic diagram / flowchart showing the project layout, components of the project etc. should be given.) Consultancy services of preparation of Feasibility Study and Detailed Project Report of Bharatmala project Route 5 Develop Project Concept Route Inspection and Inventory Project Planning (Considering Preliminary Engineering (Preferred Plan) Final Plans / DPR Sanctions from NHAI and State/Central Government Construction of Bridges and appurtenant structures Standards / Policies / Necessary Road Construction Clearing of site Levelling/ Laying Foundatio n on coat CC / Bituminous Road Operation and Maintenance vi. Raw material required along with estimated quantity, likely source, marketing area of final product/s, Mode of transport of raw Material and Finished Product. The material requirement during the construction phase of the project for a period of 24 months in broad view per kilometer is as below: Aggregate: (CUM) Steel: 6245 (MT) Cement: (MT) Bitumen: (MT) NHAI 11

12 The highway construction will require minor minerals like stones, gravel, ordinary clay, ordinary sand, limestone, boulders, kankar, murum, brick earth, bentonite, road metals. As per MINES AND MINERALS (DEVELOPMENT AND REGULATION) ACT, 1957, excavation of minor minerals during construction of roads shall be executed after prior permit. vii. Resource optimization/ recycling and reuse envisaged in the project, if any, should be briefly outlined. viii. ix. Availability of water its source, Energy/ power requirement and source should be given. Water: Water will be purchased. Details will be furnished in EIA report. Power: LSD D.G sets shall be used for power for onsite construction sites, wherever grid power supply is not available. Quantity of wastes to be generated (liquid and solid) and scheme for their Management/disposal. Wastes generated within the site would be of food items, paints, cement, grit, bitumen, tar, cement, concrete, oil & grease etc. Waste shall be segregated and collected in separate bins and disposedoff according to MoEF&CC regulations. NHAI 12

13 x. Schematic representation of the feasibility drawing which give information of EIA purpose 4. Site Analysis Option 1alignment starts from Padeghar at 18 57'26.28"N Latitude 73 2'10.10"E Longitude and ends at Barapada (Kharpada Toll naka) 18 50'42.00"N Latitude, 73 5'39.63"E Longitude.and another alignment is from Chirner village to Khopate village Option 2 alignment starts from Padeghar at 18 57'26.28"N Latitude, 73 2'10.10"E Longitude and ends at nearby Jite Village at 18 49'10.52"N Latitude, 73 5'31.46"E Longitude. Option 3 alignment stretch start from Padeghar at 18 57'26.28"N Latitude 73 2'10.10"E Longitude and ends at 18 48'56.65"N Latitude 73 5'24.54"E Longitude nearby Jite Village. Whereas the forth alternative alignment (Option 4) starts from Padeghar at 18 57'26.28"N Latitude 73 2'10.10"E Longitude and ends at nearby Jite Village at 18 49'10.52"N Latitude, 73 5'31.46"E Longitude. NHAI 13

14 And all this Alternative alignment is situated in Raigad district i. Connectivity ii. iii. iv. The proposed route is connected and approached through State highways and National Highways. As it is an expansion of existing road SH-104. Highway s strategic location provides connectivity to various economically developed cities of Maharashtra. The proposed road is interconnecting in the Raigad District. This route is important, as it provide link to NH66, NH4 & NH17, SH 54, JNPT road which will be benefit to Maharashtra & other State. Land form and land use Land use change is partially applicable as there is m of available Right of Way (ROW) which would require additional land acquisition for Option 1. Option 2, 3 and 4 are greenfield alignments so require land acquisition. Hence land use change is anticipated. Topography Option 2, 3 & 4 existing alignment is generally flat with rolling Terrain and after koproli village (For Option 2 & 3) and chirner village (for option 4) the alignment is rerouted which would be new alignment and it is hilly terrain so tunnel is Proposed at both the alignment. Option 1 alignment is the area which is generally flat with rolling hills along the western part of corridor and flat cultivated land in the central and southern portion of the corridor. The elevations range between 3 m above MSL to 80 m above MSL, with most of the area being flat. Existing land use pattern (agriculture, non-agriculture, forest, water bodies (including area under CRZ), shortest distances from the periphery of the project to periphery of the forests, national park, wildlife sanctuary, eco-sensitive areas, water bodies (distance from the HFL of the river), CRZ. In case of notified industrial area, a copy of the Gazette notification should be given. Land use change is partially applicable as there is m of available Right of Way (ROW) which would require additional land acquisition for Option 1. Option 2, 3 and 4 are greenfield alignments so require land acquisition. Hence land use change is anticipated. The details will be elaborated in EIA. There are several villages and settlements located in the vicinity of the existing route. The list of villages though which concluded alignment is passing is as below; Table 4-1: Village List Option 1 (old) Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Padeghar, Veshvi, Kauli Bandhan, Kauli Padeghar, Veshvi, KauliBandhan, Kauli Padeghar, Veshvi, KauliBandhan, Kauli Padeghar, Veshvi, KauliBandhan, Kauli NHAI 14

15 Belodak, Dighode Kantivali, Vindhane, Takigaon, Chirner, Bhom, Dighati, Sai, Kasarbhat Koproli, Kalambhusare, Bandhpada, Khopate, Kacherpada Khopate Belodak, Dighode, Kantivali, Vindhane, Takigaon, Chirner, Bhom Kalambusare, Mothijui, Koproli, Sarde, Pandive, Punade, Kelvane Belodak, Dighode, Kantivali, Vindhane, Takigaon, Chirner, Bhom, Kalambusare, Mothijui, Koproli, Pandive, Punade, Vasheni, Rave, Kelvane Belodak, Dighode, Kantivali, Vindhane, Takigaon, Chirner, Bhom, Kalambusare, Juipada, Rave, Kelvane Water Bodies The alignment of the proposed expansion route passes through Flat with Rolling Terrain with agricultural area. The terrains and the expressway alignment are moderate with flat. The project site is bounded by many surface water reservoirs like Chirner lake, Ransai Reservior, Vindhane lake etc. Sr. No Water body Average aerial distance in km 1. Vindhane Lake 0.25 km 2. Chirner Lake 0.49km 3. Ransai Reservior 1.99 km 4. Patal ganga 0.25 km 5. Karanja Creek 0.20 km 6. Vindhane Lake 0.25 km Sanctuaries and Wildlife parks: The details of eco-sensitive and forest areas noted within 10 km from the project are listed below: Sr. No Particulars Aerial Distance in km 1. The alignment is passing through Karnala Bird Sanctuary the ESZ boundaries (Only option 1 ) Detailed information shall be furnished in EIA Report. v. Existing Infrastructure Majority of the alignment traverse through agricultural areas with intermittent built-up patches at village Padeghar, Veshvi, Kaulibelondkar, Kauli Bandhan, Dighode, Kauthavali, Vindhane, Bhom, Takigaon, Dighate, Sai, Kasarbhat, Chirner, Koproli, Kacherpada, Kalambusare, Khopate, Koproli, Bandhapada etc. The built-up patches comprise of settlements, market place, Industry, educational institutes, etc. This villages mainly consist of Residential settlement with agricultural fields. Mixed type of traffic is seen on the project road i., e both light as well as heavy vehicles are travel on existing road. Road conditions are fairly good. NHAI 15

16 vi. Soil Classification Raigad District: The district has three physiographic divisions i.e. (i) Coastal zone in west covers about 20% percent of the district (ii) Central zone covers about 1/3 rd of the district, consisting of fertile land in low lying area (iii) Hilly zone in the eastern part highly uneven in altitude and covered with forest. This hill range is characterized by ruggedness and uneven topography, with crestline of peaks and saddles forming the eastern horizon. Ulhas, Panvel and Patalganga are the three main rivers in northern part. Kundalika River is the main river in central part whereas in the southern part Savitri River is the main river. Soil: The soils in the district are formed from the Deccan Trap which is predominating rock formation with small out crops of Laterite at a few places in the Poladpur taluka and Matheran hill. The soils are grouped as Forest, Varkas, Rice, Khar or Saline, Coastal Alluvium and Laterite as per the location and topographical situation. Forest Soils: These soils are not used for agricultural purposes but yield valuable forest products such as teak-wood, hirda (myrobalan), beheda, pepper, etc. However, these soils are heavily eroded due to grazing and cutting of the forest trees. Varkas Soil: These soils are located just below the forest soils all along the steeper slopes. They are shallow in depth, which varies only between a foot and a foot and a half, heavily eroded and sandy in texture and yellowish red to yellowish grey in color with acidic reaction. They are poor in organic matter and nitrogen and possess very little retentivity of moisture. They yield kharif millets but the production thereof could be increased with the addition of bulky manures, lime and nitrogenous and phosphatic fertilizers. Rice Soils: The district is the second largest producer of rice in the Maharashtra State. The region is peculiarly terraced and, though the small strips in between the two terraces are levelled, it is difficult to get even a few gunthas of land in one piece in a levelled condition. The depth varies between two and six feet. They are loamy in texture, yellowish or reddish grey in colour, neutral in reaction and almost devoid of lime. They are formed from the trap rock from the Sahyadri ranges under heavy rainfall and humid climatic conditions. The linear response of rice to the application of nitrogenous, phosphatic and potassic fertilizers is observed in these soils. Addition of bulky manures in these soils is also found to be advantageous from the point of view of yield. There are some patches of manat soils in Mangaon taluka which are rich in clay and silt and which become stiff and hard when dry. Khar soils: These soils are situated on the flat, levelled land near the sea at the point of creeks formed due to the rivers. They are flat clay to clay loam in texture and reddish or yellowish grey NHAI 16

17 in colour. These soils contain hardly more than one per cent of soluble salts. These soils are formed due to the deposition of salts by the sea or from lands reclaimed from the sea. Coastal alluvium soils: These soils are found all along the coast and at places where there are no creeks. They are deep soils developed on flat land and loamy in texture with reddish grey colour. They are devoid of clay fraction or humus and are open in nature. Calcium carbonate is found in abundance throughout the profile but calcium has not entered the clay complex. The sub-soil water level is only from ten to fifteen feet deep. The salt contents of the well water are higher in the proximity of the sea; but due to excellent drainage, its use has not produced any deleterious effects. The soils are almost neutral or slightly on the alkaline side of neutrality. Good garden crops like coconut, areca-nut, plantain, etc., are grown in these soils, depending upon the availability of water. Laterite soils: Out-crops of laterite rock are observed amongst the Sahyadri ranges amidst the trap rock mainly at Matheran and in the Poladpur taluka. These soils mostly occur on the mountain peaks. They are coarser in texture, wherever there are no forests. They are yellowish-red in colour and shallow in depth and yield coarse millets and Niger. The heavy rains in the mountainous regions thoroughly leach the soils turning them acidic in reaction and devoid of calcium carbonate. They are rich in sesquioxides, the ratio of silica to sesquioxides being less than two. But they are generally poor in exchangeable bases or in fertility constituents. However, the soils from the forest region are well-supplied with nitrogen and organic matter. vii. Climatic data from Secondary sources Raigad District Raigad district is one of the four coastal districts situated along the western coast of the State and is located between north latitude and and east longitudes and It is bounded by Thane district in the north, Ratnagiri district in the south, Pune district in the east and Arabian sea forms the western boundary having a length of about 250 km. Climate: The climate of the district is typical of west coast and characterized with plentiful and regular seasonal rainfall, oppressive weather in summer and high humidity throughout the year. The mean minimum temperature is 17.7 C and mean maximum temperature is 31.8 C. Except during the monsoon season when the humidity is high, the air is generally dry. The summer season is the driest part of the year when the relative humidity goes down to 20% or less particularly in the afternoons. Rainfall The analysis of long term rainfall data indicates that normal annual rainfall over the district ranges from 2200 mm to more than 3000 mm in the plains and it is above 5000 mm in the hills. The NHAI 17

18 viii. average annual rainfall is about 3,884 mm. About 48% of rainfall is received in July. During rainy season humidity is above 80% and it ranges from 65 to 75 in rest of the year. The occurrence and distribution of rainfall is mainly during kharif from June to September. The district received rainfall about 45 days in a year. Social Infrastructure This existing alignment is passes through villages like, Padeghar, Veshvi, Kaulibelondkar, Kauli Bandhan, Dighode, Kauthavali, Vindhane, Bhom, Takigaon, Dighate, Sai, Kasarbhat, Chirner, Koproli, Kacherpada, Kalambusare, Khopate, Koproli, Bandhapada, Veshani, Rave etc. This villages mainly consist of Residential settlement and people mainly depends upon the agricultural for their income source. Basic social infrastructure of this villages is not well developed along the route. The villages on the proposed route have primary health care facilities, basic education, markets, police station, transportation, roads etc., but for Higher education and Health care facilities People have to go main city areas of Raigad Districts. 5. Planning Brief i. Planning Concept (type of industries, facilities transportation etc.) Town and Country Planning/ Development authority Classification ii. iii. iv. Population Projection Land use planning (breakup along with green belt etc.) Land use change is partially applicable as there is m of available Right of Way (ROW) which would require additional land acquisition for Option 1. Option 2, 3 and 4 are greenfield alignments so require land acquisition. Hence land use change is anticipated. Details of Land use breakup will be described in EIA. Assessment of Infrastructure Demand (Physical & Social) v. Amenities / facilities The amenities proposed during operation phase are toll plaza, administrative buildings, weighing stations, parking areas & rest areas and office cum residential complex of PIU. The toll plaza location will be selected based on the traffic studies and a study of the existing physical features including the availability of land & designed as per IRC 84. NHAI 18

19 6. Proposed infrastructure i. Industrial Area (Processing Area) ii. iii. iv. The project route is having various prestigious industrial projects viz., Patalganga MIDC Industrial Estate, Roha Industrial Estate, Taloja Industrial Estate, Nagothane Industrial Estate Khopoli Industrial Estate Residential Area (Non-Processing Area) Green Belt Avenue plantation shall be provided as per Green Highway (Plantation and Maintenance) policy and Green Highways (Plantation Trans-plantation beautification and Maintenance) policy Social Infrastructure v. Connectivity Road Infrastructure The proposed expansion route 5 (SH-104) is connected and approached through State highways and National Highways. This route is important, as it provide link to NH66, NH4 & NH17, SH 54, JNPT road which will be benefit to Maharashtra & other State. The project will also increase transportation connectivity from Raigad District to developed cities like, Mumbai. For linear projects, this generally does not apply. However, for the starting point and the end point, the nearest railway stations/ airport is: Railway Stations 1. Belapur Railway Station from Padeghar 2. Jite Railway Station near end of the alignment Bus Depots NHAI 19

20 1. Wavel bus stop from Padeghar 2. Jite Bus Stop Airport 1. Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport Port: 1. Jawaharlal Nehru International Port 2. Mandava Port vi. vii. viii. ix. Drinking Water Management (Source and Supply of Water) Drinking water will be purchased. Details will be furnished in EIA report. Sewerage System Mobile toilets with package STP will be provided for the workers in construction phase. Toilets and STPs shall be provided in the amenities area during the operation phase. Details will be furnished in EIA report. Industrial Waste management Solid Waste management 50 kg of municipal waste is expected to be generated during construction considering 200 labours. During operation phase, the municipal solid waste generated from the amenities proposed along the alignment. Waste management during construction and operational phase shall be done as per Solid Waste Management Rules, x. Power Requirement and Supply / Source Power requirement during construction phase will be met with LSD D.G sets in case of nonavailability of electric supply. For operational phase, electrical supply will be used wherever available. NHAI 20

21 7. Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R & R) Plan: i. Policy to be adopted (Central/State) in respect of the project affected persons including home oustees, land oustees and landless laborers (a brief outline to be given). Most of the land coming under the project area is agricultural and cultivated land. The land required for the construction of Bypass will be acquired by NHAI before the commencement of construction work and the R&R plan will be prepared and will be submitted in EIA. 8. Project Schedule & Cost Estimates i. Likely date of start of construction and likely date of completion: The project shall start its construction work as and when DPR is finalized and will get Environmental clearance from MoEF&CC. The completion period of the project construction is estimated about 24 months. The anticipated period of completion is in the year ii. Estimated project cost along with analysis in terms of economic viability of the project. The estimated Civil cost of the project is approximately Rs Crores. 9. Analysis of proposal (Final Recommendations) i. Financial and social benefits with special emphasis on the benefit to the local people including tribal population, if any, in the area. The project will have multiple benefits. It will reduce the travel time substantially within Raigad and other district. Overall improvement will be expected in local area in following ways: 1. Development and improvement in transportation infrastructure facility will connect villages with the nearby cities 2. Better approach to Medical & Educational services and quick transportation of perishable goods like fruits, vegetables and dairy products. 3. Development of tourism and pilgrimage 4. Transporting, processing and marketing of agricultural products 5. Fast and safe connectivity resulting in savings in fuel, travel time and total transportation cost to the society 6. Reduction in accidents due to curve improvements at various sections of the alignment 7. Reduction in pollution due to reduction in congestion 8. Indirect and direct employment opportunity to people from all skilled, semiskilled and unskilled streams will act as social benefits NHAI 21

22 It is assumed that the overall Bharat mala project will boost socio-economic development in the entire central region of Maharashtra. Accordingly, Route 5 will contribute towards this objective. NHAI 22