Climate Change Adaption Strategies in German Regions and Cities - a review -

Transcription

1 Climate Change Adaption Strategies in German Regions and Cities - a review - Juergen Baumueller, Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart Nicole Baumueller, Office of Urban Planning and Renewal, Capital City of Stuttgart 1

2 Content Climate change German strategy for adaptation to climate change (DAS) Adaptation Projects (KLIMZUG, KlimaMORO, ExWoSt) German Federal Building Code (BauGB) Berlin (StEP KLIMA) Conclusion 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 2

3 Temperature change since 1881 Source: GISS, /12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 3

4 Natural catastrophes Source: Munich Re, /12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 4

5 CO2 Reduction for limitation +2 C 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 5

6 Temperature Change ( ) in Germany (A1B), Mean Jahr Sommer Source: UBA, /12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 6

7 City walk by climate change Stuttgart Source: EEA, 2009, changed 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 7

8 Change of precipitation in Germany till 2100 (A1B), Bezug Sommer Winter Source: UBA, /12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 8

9 Regional Vulnerability in Germany Factor 1: Increase of annual temperature and number of heat days, decrease of summer precipitation Factor 2: Decrease of frost days, increase of heavy rainfall und increase of winter precipitation 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 9

10 German Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change (DAS) adopted by the German federal cabinet on 17th December 2008(DAS) The climate is changing worldwide. These climate changes are bringing about changes in the conditions under which people live and Germany is no exception. Experts expect farreaching consequences if we do not succeed in at least keeping global climate change within limits. The long-term objective of Germany and the European Union is therefore to limit the rise in mean global temperature to 2 C above the pre-industrial level, which requires a substantial reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Even with a limited temperature rise of this magnitude, the environmental, social and economic consequences of the climate change that is already taking place will make their effects felt. Source: DWD, /12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 10

11 German Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 11

12 Action plan adaptation of German Adaptation Strategy to climate change make knowledge available Legal framework and founding setting by Federal Government Activities in responsibility by Federal Government August 31, 2011 International responsibility 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 12

13 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 13

14 Impacts of climate change on nature and society (in red sectors of main impacts for cities) Human health Building sector Rain water management Water regime, coastal and marine protection Soil Biological diversity Agriculture Forestry and forest management Fishery Energy industry (conversion, transport and supply) Financial services industry Transport, transport infrastructure Trade and industry Tourism industry Cross-sectional topics: Spatial, regional and physical development planning and civil protection 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 14

15 Project Klimzug -climate change in regions (83 Mio. ) KLIMZUG-NORD Strategic Approaches to Climate Change Adaptation in the Hamburg Metropolitan Region nordwest2050 Prospects for Climate-Adapted Innovation, Processes in the Model Region Bremen-Oldenburg in North Western Germany DynAKlim Dynamic Adaptation to the Effects of Climate Change in the Emscher-Lippe region (Ruhr basin) KLIMZUG Nordhessen Transdisciplinary Network for Climate Adaptation in the Model Region of Northern Hessen RADOST Regional Adaptation Strategies for the German Baltic Sea Coast INKA BB Innovation Network for Climate Change, Adaptation Brandenburg Berlin REGKLAM Development and Testing of an Integrated, Regional Climate Change Adaptation 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 15

16 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 16

17 Project KlimaMORO With the model projects of spatial planning (KlimaMORO) the Federal Ministry for traffic, building and town development (BMVBS) supports the practical testing and conversion of innovative regional actions and instruments to the climate change in co-operation between science and practice, i.e. with participants locally in the regions. In the center of attention thereby is the increase of heat in the cities, droughts and intensified high and low water events. KlimaMORO Projekte in der BRD ( 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 17

18 KlimaMORO (spatial development strategies for climate change) Regions (8) Main Topics Vorpommern Havelland-Fläming Westsachsen Oberes Elbtal/Osterzgebirge Mittel-und Südhessen Mittlerer Oberrhein/Nordschwarzwald Region Stuttgart Neumark/Oberpfalz Adaptation to changing coast dynamic Water management in the Havel lowland Climate change-strategies in the Colditz Forest Regional consensus Strategy for forest increase Municipal guideline for settlement climate Interdisciplinary action program Heat load and health by climate change climate information system New energy extension Participative development of climate adaptation strategy 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 18

19 Project Klima ExWoSt of BBSR/BMVBS The research focus I "Urban Strategies And Potentials For Climate Change" started in December 2009 with nine pilot projects that are being carried out until The intention is to find a manageable number of municipalities and cities in Germany for compiling and implementing specific strategies and actions. The study aims at finding cognition and initiating measures, how to combine a climate change-proof urban development by urban concepts. Starting in spring 2010 research focus II started to develop eight pilot projects "Strategies for the Real Estate and Housing Industry". 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 19

20 KlimaExWoSt -Urban strategies for climate change - municipal strategies and potential- Climate change and extreme events from spatial planning in municipalities Region (9) City Region Aachen City Bad Liebenwerda City Essen City Jena Regional association Karlsruhe City Nürnberg City Regensburg City Saarbrücken City Syke Main Topics Climate friendly development of commercial areas A comfortable city in climate change City is facing the climate change JenKAS climate - and adaptation strategy Inside development versus climate comfort Nürnberg adaptation strategy against climate change UNESCO heritage Old Town historical heat store Urban free space planning for adaptation measures Act responsible in climate change 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 20

21 German Federal Building Code (Baugesetzbuch) (1976, 2004) the requirements of environmental protection nature protection and the preservation of the countryside ecological balance in nature, and of water, the air, and the climate, In preparing land-use plans, public and private interests are to be duly weighed. A very important demand since 2004 is to involve the public more in to the planning processand to produceevironmental reports (EIA) 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 21

22 Climate and planning Investigation Diagnosis Therapy measurements calculations analyses vulnerability adaptation measures mitigation measures Urban climate friendlyplanning and urban design 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 22

23 Climate analyses in big German Cities City* Urban climate maps Planning maps Bio climate map Citywide Urban climate analyses Climate adaptation strategy Berlin 1993, , , 2010 since 1993 draft Hamburg München Köln verbal Frankfurt since 1977 Stuttgart (2008) since 1938 in preparation Düsseldorf Dortmund after 2001 after after Essen Bremen guideline Hannover working groups Leipzig Dresden in preparation Nürnberg in preparation * A lot of smaller cities have citywide urban climate analyses and maps in Germany 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 23

24 Baugesetzbuch (Federal Building Code)(2011) BGBL I S vom paragraph 5 phrase 2 They are to contribute to secure a human being-worthy environment to protect and develop the natural bases of life as well as climate protection and the climatic adaptation,to promote in particular also in the town development.. 3. the 1a following paragraph 5 is added: (5) the requirements of climate protection by measures of mitigation as well as adaptation to the climate change must be taken into account. The principle in accordance with sentence 1 is to be considered in the consideration in accordance with 1 paragraph 7. 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 24

25 Some words about Berlin 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 25

26 StEP KLIMA - Berlin The StepKLIMA concentrates on topics of spatial planning. It defines in four fields of action a gradated and spatially differentiated background with aims and measures for climatic adaptation and climate protection in Berlin: Bio climate in the residential area Green and open spaces Water quality and heavy rain Climate protection (Mitigation) For the four action fields so called No-Regret-Measures are suggested. No regret means: These measures improve independently of the actually adjusting climatic development today the quality of life and contribute the operability of urban structures. The new political task of climatic adaptation requires information, communication and participation processes on several levels. They must start parallel to the operation. The local government presented at first step the draft of a Plan for Climatic Action on May /12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 26

27 Concept of the StEP KLIMA Berlin Looking for spheres of activities Spatial analyses of vulnerability Aims of adaptation to climate change (Adaptation and Mitigation) Concept of measures Work out of a action plan 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 27

28 On the way to a adaptation strategy StEP Klima (Urban development plan Climate) 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 28

29 Increase of days with heat load till in Berlin 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 29

30 Source: GEONET, /12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 30

31 Tasks and aims of the StEP KLIMA Input to climate change mitigation and adaptation on the spatial planning (city wide) Citywide climatic investigation (Scale 1 : ) and loupes for special locations Consideration of urban design, open space and landscape aspects with a integrated strategic concept Consideration of existing mitigation activities Development to a climatic friendly city, creation and protection of healthy living conditions and a high living standard 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 31

32 Conclusion Climate adaptation strategies for cities and regions in Germany just started! We need good climatic analyses for the cities and regions for today but also for future times We need guidelines for adaptation in the cities and regions We need individual adaptation concepts for the cities and regions We need interdisciplinary adaptation strategies We need examples of good practices 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 32

33 Municipalities on climate change Ways for adaptation Handbook Urban climate Measures and action concepts for cities and city regions for adaptation to climate change 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 33

34 Climate pilot Internet guideline for adaptation to climate change 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 34

35 We need Adaptation! Thank you for your attention! 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 35

36 Prof. Dr. Juergen Baumueller Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology University Stuttgart Tel.: +49 (0) Dipl.-Ing. Nicole Baumüller Office of Urban Planning and Urban Renewal Stuttgart + PHD Student at the University of Stuttgart, Department of Urban Planning nicole.baumueller@gmx.de 11/12/2011 Prof. Dr. J. Baumueller ILPOE- Institute of Landscape Planning and Ecology, University Stuttgart 36