TOWARDS A GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE OF BANGKOK

Transcription

1 TOWARDS A GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE OF BANGKOK COMBINATION OF THE 3. REVISION OF THE LAND USE PLAN WITH THE STRATEGIES OF LOW CARBON CITY AND GREEN CITY 1

2 POTENTIAL DEFINITIONS OF GREEN INFRATRUCTURE GI is a sytem/network of open space, consisting of natural and man-made structures, that provide directly or indirectly multiple benefits to society and support and improve ecological functions, GI is not only based on functional connectivity, but it is a multifunctional tool to ensure ecosystem and climatical functions GI : from physical network of open green space to a planning/ Strategic approach 2

3 WITH GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE TOWARDS CLIMATE CHANGE -Due to the limited amount of open space in Bangkok, measures for the relief of urban areas, including their built-up and denselydeveloped areas, are necessary, -of considerable importance in this regard is the greening of city spaces, streets,building and courtyards, -overheating in Bangkok can be decreased, dust can be bound, -most favourable are greened roofs, the type of plants play a major role, -the greening of facades might have a greater overall climatic impact, - narrow closen courtyards are characterised by a decrease on day time temperature and a slight cooling in the evening and nighttime hours, -the planning classification of a cold air producing area is primarly determinated by its location in the city and its proximity to burdened settlement areas. 3

4 the sensitivity of an intensification of low density areas comes along with the climatic relevance for this assigned residential areas, - open space with a very small cold air production and green areas in burdened areas possess only a minor urban climate importance, - furthermore these green spaces have not a compensation flow because of their small seize, but the interlink of green areas increase the climate function, -Facade greening is more favouable for the promotion of air change than the planting of trees in the streets, but the measures depands on the local situation, office buildings can be earlier covered with green than blocks of houses. -All in all the today s and future open space and the Green Infrastructure as a functional system, has a great impact on the climatic situation of Bangkok, this system must be implementated in the 3. Revision of The Bangkok Comprehensive Plan of 2011! 4

5 CUTTINGS OF LAND USE PLANS BANGKOK AREAS : 10 km x10 km km² HAMBURG BERLIN Each city has her own development situation related to the representation of their land use plans ; the plans represent the planning will, possibilities and obstacles. Varying diversities between Bangkok s and germann land use plans are to realize; the representation of the green infrastructure is very different. 5

6 LAND USE PLAN OF BANGKOK, VERSION 2006 Extension : 1565 km² East/West: 60 km North/South: 45 km Inhabitants: 7.1 Mio Density of Population:4536 I/km² Form of Representation: 10 Types of Land Use; rural and built areas 3 Degrees of Land Use for residentail Areas 10 Types of main technical Infrastructure 6

7 LAND USE PLAN OF BERLIN, VERSION 2004 Extension : 890 km² East/West: 45 km North/South: 35 km Inhabitants: 3.45 Mio Density of Population: 3875 I/km² Form of Representation: 40 Types of Land Use 18 built areas,22 green/rural areas 7 Degrees of Land Use for residential(5) and supply and waste disposal areas(2) 14 Types of main technical infrastrucure 9 Types of main social infrastructure 7

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9 LAND USE PLAN OF HAMBURG, VERSION 2002 Extension: East/West: North/South: Inhabitants: Density of Population. 755 km² 38 km 38 km 1.77 Mio 2350 I/km² Form of Representation 14 Types of land use, 9 built areas and 5 green/ rural areas 16 Types of technical infrastructure 14 Types of social infrastructure! 9

10 Main information :road system,mass transport system, conservation areas, big commercial areas, official areas,no residential areas and no rivers in the inner city, no beginnings of open space system, parcs =unbuilt area?, A wider road system,mass transport system, more social infrastructure sites, inner city rivers and lakes, main green corridors and links, more residential areas in the inner city 10

11 A wider road system,very much social infrastructure sites and symbols,inner city rivers and canals,more residential areas in the city, limited shopping streets and areas, dense open space system, more exact use deversification 11

12 OPEN SPACE LINK SYSTEM OF BERLIN Green links to the region/ potential cold air streams/ ventilation 12

13 All green areas LAYER OF THE OPEN SPACE SYSTEM OF BERLIN Forests Urban/natural setting waterfront development Parcs >10ha 13

14 OPEN SPACE LINK SYSTEM OF HAMBURG Green links to the region/ potential cold air streams/ ventilation 14

15 FROM PLAN OF EXISTING AND PROPOSED PARKS TO A OPEN SPACE LINK SYSTEM 15

16 POSSIBLE AIR VENTILATION CORRIDORS IN BANGKOK 16

17 POTENTIAL ELEMENTS OF A OPEN SPACE LINK SYSTEM 17

18 - OPEN BASEMENT GOOD CONDITION FOR AIR VENTILATION 18

19 POTENTIAL ELEMENTS OF A OPEN SPACE LINK SYSTEM 19

20 PRIVATE GREEN, RESTRICTED BY LARGE APPARTMENT HOUSES - 20

21 POTENTIAL ELEMENTS OF A OPEN SPACE LINK SYSTEM 21

22 POTENTIAL ELEMENTS OF A OPEN SPACE LINK SYSTEM 22

23 Conclusion -The integration of a open space link system in the 3.Revision of the Land Use Plan of Bangkok is a dictate of reason at this point in time, - Bangkok s way to a Green City is long term development, but Bangkok must start now to develope Green Infrastructure in Bangkok, -the open space link system is only one aspect for reducing the impact of the climate change and greening the city, but -the introduction of this open space link system can be influenced by spatial planning and the lay out of the future land use, -the open space link system is the frame for ecological and climatically measures, but concrete measures are more decisive, -these other measures of greening, complete Bangkok s way against the impact of climate change, -the implementation of the open space link system in Bangkok is very difficulty and lengthy, the planned Study of Problems and Obstacles -with in the bounds of the 3.Revision- will have a fundamental role by the development of this green infrastructure! 23

24 Thank you very much for your attention 24