New Urbanism Theory and Practice

Transcription

1 New Urbanism Theory and Practice New Urbanist principles Established neighborhoods Recent attempts at New Urbanist design CE512

2 New Urbanist Principles Neighborhoods compact, pedestrian-friendly, and mixed-use. Many activities of daily living should occur within walking distance. Street networks to encourage walking, reduce the number and length of automobile trips. A broad range of housing types and price levels. Diverse ages, races, and incomes essential to an authentic community. Transit corridors can help organize metropolitan structure. Appropriate building densities and land uses should be within walking distance of transit stops. Concentrations of civic, institutional, and commercial activity embedded in neighborhoods. Schools sized and located to enable children to walk or bicycle to them. A range of parks, from tot-lots and village greens to ballfields and community gardens, distributed within neighborhoods. Conservation areas and open lands to define and connect different neighborhoods. Source: Congress for the New Urbanism, CE512

3 Established Neighborhoods Delft, since 1200s Meridian-Kessler (Indianapolis), since 1900 Oakwood OH, since 1913 Mariemont OH, since 1924 St. Lawrence-McAllister (Lafayette) CE512

4 Delft, The Netherlands 90,000 pop in 7.7 sq mi = 11,700 density Mixed land use Walkable Bicycle-friendly Transit provisions Neighborhood schools Neighborhood parks Open space CE512

5 Meridian-Kessler Neighborhood 3 mi x 1 mi S edge 4 mi N of Monument Circle Pop density? Meridian-Kessler

6 54 th and College: Commercial node Meridian-Kessler

7 Meridian-Kessler Neighborhood College Avenue at 54 th Street Daugherty, et al. Hair Salon Citizens Action Coalition A/C sales and service Clockworks Bokay Florist Newsstand The News Cafe Middle Eastern Restaurant Army-Navy Surplus C O L L E G E A V E N U E Parking Lot Vacant building (Was Atlas Supermarket. Will be razed for Arthur s Fresh Market in Parking lot now used by customers of businesses nearby.) Vacant (CATH Inc. Coffee House closed 22 Sep 04) 54 th Street 54 th Street Moe and Johnny s Restaurant and Coffee House (3 entry doors?) C O L L E G E A V E N U E Jazz CATH Hit City Antiques Kitchen Bakery Studio Piano Merchant Yats Cajun Creole Restaurant Interurban rail stops Variety of businesses and hours of operation Business turnover, building reuse Surrounded by DUs HH incomes NMT? Meridian-Kessler

8 Oakwood OH Old development preserved and/or updated Parks and schools Scale 1.5 x ¾ mi Oakwood

9 Oakwood OH Businesses along busy streets at neighborhood edges Frontage roads vs. driveways (store access, parking) Oakwood

10 Some mixed use neighborhoods work (Oakwood OH) Supermarket street side Parking lot behind store Oakwood

11 Mariemont OH Near Cincinnati Designed as an ideal community Town plan by John Nolen First buildings 1924 Incorporated village 1941 Today used as a model community by "New Urbanists. Mariemont

12 Boulevard to Village Center Mariemont

13 Typical house Mariemont

14 Larger homes Mariemont

15 Narrow street Mariemont

16 Street with curb parking Mariemont

17 St. Lawrence-McAllister St. Lawrence-McAllister

18 St. Lawrence-McAllister Small lots Mostly R1 DUs per acre? St. Lawrence-McAllister

19 Businesses along Schuyler Ave. St. Lawrence-McAllister

20 New Urbanist Design is not always popular St. Lawrence-McAllister Neighborhood meetings Thriving neighborhood center means vehicle traffic from outside Acceptable : Businesses on edge on neighborhood St. Lawrence-McAllister

21 Recent attempts at New Urbanist Design Seaside FL Celebration (Orlando) FL Orenco (Portland) OR Coffee Creek IN West Clay IN CE512

22 Seaside FL 80 acres Originally planned for a wide range of prices, it has been so successful that prices have risen beyond the reach of all but the most affluent households. CE512

23 Celebration Near WDW Street patterns? 4900 acres, 7000 acres preserved wetlands 5.2M comml sq ft 1M sq ft ofc park K-12 school CE512

24 Orenco OR Main street on front edge Multiuse buildings in front Parking behind them Apartments as buffer Residential behind apts. ½ mile from rail transit <Orenco photos??> CE512

25 Orenco (2) Buffer apartments Single Family DUs CE512

26 Orenco (3) Density, alleys HH income range? CE512

27 Coffee Creek Location CE512

28 Coffee Creek CE512

29 1. Hotel at South end of Development Photos taken Oct 2001

30 2. Side street in Coffee Creek Photos taken Oct 2001

31 3. Approach to Watershed Preserve Photos taken Oct 2001

32 4. Entrance to Watershed Preserve Photos taken Oct 2001

33 5. Natural pond + Flood control Photos taken Oct 2001

34 6. Looking north toward clinic Photos taken Oct 2001

35 7. Medical clinic at North end Photos taken Oct 2001

36 Coffee Creek 17 Photos taken Oct 2003

37 Coffee Creek 18 Photos taken Oct 2003

38 Coffee Creek 19 Photos taken Oct 2003

39 Kevin Pastrick gets 37 months in Coffee Creek case Former Indiana Democratic Chairman Peter Manous took a kickback of $200,000 from the son of East Chicago Mayor Robert Pastrick in Kevin Pastrick and Manous paid carpenters' union boss Gerry Nannenga $65,465 to convince him to approve a $10 million investment from the union pension fund into Coffee Creek. The $10 million paid to Lake Erie Land was roughly twice what the property is worth. Was the $200,000 kickback on a $600,000 commission a bribe or a gratuity? Sources: March 2005

40 Village of West Clay West of Carmel IN See map h/o Variety of architecture (West Clay 3) Village of West Clay

41 West Clay 5: Luxury townhomes Village of West Clay

42 Village of West Clay 6 Long walk distances to center <West Clay photos of buffer zone> Village of West Clay

43 Village of West Clay 7 Center lacks businesses that meet frequent household needs. Village of West Clay

44 Questions about New Urbanism Do recent attempts capture its essence? Is there a market for it? What can planners do? What should planners? CE512