4.0 ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF COMPONENTS Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29

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1 Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 962

2 Brougham Place/Tandotittinga/Park 29 Existing Planning / Development Plan Context Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 exists within the Brougham/Palmer Gardens Precinct PL18 of the City of Adelaide Development Plan (pp Its Environment is described as: ENVIRONMENT Planting Character and Landscape Design The formal historical character with carefully designed planting beds should be maintained. No component in Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 is identified in the State Heritage Register. No component of Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 has been identified on the National Trust of South Australia s Register of Significant Trees. Significant Components and Places The following section summaries any cultural landscape components of Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 that possesses cultural heritage value: Overall Spatial Patterns The overall shape of Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 has remained relatively consistent except that over the years additional segments have been added to the Gardens as a consequence of road closures. The overall Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 retains its original shape and form as devised by Light. It has evidence of substantial tree planting that was undertaken during the O Brien, Pengilly and Pelzer administrations that reinforces a Victorian Gardenesque style. A formal cross-axial pathway system that dissects the Gardens, historically since the 1870s, has always been evident in the Gardens. Land Use The land use has shifted from a despoiled grazing wasteland to a park land with the commencement of tree plantings in the late 1870s and 1880s. From fencing in the late 1870s the Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 assumed the role and function of a semi-formal garden, and this function has remained today. There is no significance evident in terms of its use and function. Natural Features Responsiveness Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 occupies an important, southern, flank to the North Adelaide escarpment as addressed in Light s plan. The significance of this role is as: Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 slopes: several open expansive gently sloping flanks of the North Adelaide escarpment that are contained within the Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 that notionally distinguishes the residential segments of upper and lower North Adelaide from each other. Of some geographical merit. There is no clear planting strategy that has been employed in the Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 other than a dominant Victorian planting style. In the 1970s however the style was intruded upon by the introduction of 1930s-40s stylised Italian Poplars (Populus nigra Italica ) as a feature and pathway planting. This approach has not been successful in enabling a cohesive stylistic character to the overall Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29. The pathway system is an important aesthetic and design element in the Garden. Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29: the overall semi-triangular garden landscape space created by the configuration of the Brougham Place roadway, as retaining the same form as contained in Light s 1836 Plan of Adelaide. Of some aesthetic and historical merit. Circulation Networks Prior to Brown s Report (1880) there is little evidence of any circulation system on Park 29. But from the late 1870s onwards the same cross-axial pathway system is evident in the Garden. This system remains today and it has not been severely compromised by the addition of the road reserve into the central portion of the Brougham Gardens. It is likely that Pelzer originally sought to establish, given the extant allée tree species, pedestrian pathways planted with trees of the same species but experienced problems with the road escarpment and poor subsoils that resulted in several tree deaths or excessive stunting. The latter was a concern of his, explains why there are no elderly stunted trees in the Gardens today, and explains the eclectic mixture of plantings along the pedestrian pathways today. This system contributes to the significance of the overall character of the Garden, and include: BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 963

3 O Connell-Melbourne Streets Pathway: a major axial bitumen pedestrian pathway route inter-connecting O Connell Street to Melbourne Street east-west that has existed since the 1860s in alignment and relative width. Of some design merit. O Connell-Stanley Streets Pathway: a secondary bitumen pedestrian pathway route inter-connecting O Connell Street to Stanley Street in a general east-west that has existed since the 1860s in alignment and relative width. Of some design merit. Boundary Demarcations No evidence is present of past demarcation devices and fencing apart from the fundamental road boundaries and gravel edge pathways are evident. Vegetation There are several vegetation components in Brougham Gardens/Tandotittingga/Park 29 that possess cultural heritage merit: St Margaret s- King William Street Pathway: a major axial bitumen pedestrian pathway route inter-connecting St Margaret s Street to King William Street north-south that has existed since the 1860s in alignment and relative width. Of some design merit. St Margaret s-brougham Place pathway: a secondary bitumen pedestrian pathway route inter-connecting St Margaret s Street to Brougham Place east in a general northsouth that has existed since the 1860s in alignment and relative width. Of some design merit. Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) specimen (1): a specimen of a Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by Chief Justice and Lieutenant-Governor Sir Samuel Way, and located in the western portion of the Gardens. Of some aesthetic, botanical and historical merit. English Elm (Ulmus procera) specimens: two mature specimens of English Elms (Ulmus procera) located in the western portion of the Gardens dating from the 1900s-20s. Of some aesthetic merit. Brougham Place Footpath: an unusual feature in the Park Lands and Squares of an extant quartz gravelled pathway indicative of what existed in the 1870s-1930s until pathways were bitumenised; this pathway extends along the inner northern flank of the Gardens and is visually interconnected to the a similar pathway along the northern flank of Palmer Gardens/Pangki Pangki/Park 28. Of some historical, design and aesthetic merit. Indian Coral Tree (Erythrina indica) specimen (1): a mature specimen of an Indian Coral Tree (Erythrina indica) located in the western portion of the Gardens, and dating from the 1930s-50s. Of some aesthetic merit. Chilean Wine Palm (Jubaea chilensis) specimen (1): a mature specimen of a Chilean Wine Palm (Jubaea chilensis) located in the western portion of the Gardens and probably dated to the 1890s donations of palms by Messrs Way and Brookman. Of some aesthetic and botanical merit. BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 964

4 Canary Island Pine (Pinus canariensis) specimen: a good specimen of a Canary Island Pine (Pinus canariensis) located in the western portion of the Gardens, and dating from the 1880s-90s period. Of some aesthetic merit. Radiata Pine (Pinus radiata) specimen: a good young specimen of a Radiata Pine (Pinus radiata) located in the western portion of the Gardens, and dating from the 1900s- 20s period. Of some aesthetic merit. Olive (Olea europaea) specimen (2): an elderly but in good form and shape specimen of an Olive (Olea europaea) tree located in the southern area of the Gardens at the head of King William Street, and could date to the original 1854 Olive (Olea europaea) plantings in the Gardens by Francis given its girth and age. Of some aesthetic, botanical and historical merit. Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) specimen (2): a specimen of a Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by Chief Justice and Lieutenant-Governor Sir Samuel Way, and located adjacent to the Women s & Children s Hospital. Of some aesthetic, botanical and historical merit. Brush Lilly-pilly (Syzygium paniculatum) specimen (1): a Brush Lilly-pilly (Syzygium paniculatum) specimen located in the western portion of the Gardens, and dating from the 1930s-40s period. Of some aesthetic merit. Olive (Olea europaea) specimen (1): an elderly but in good form and shape specimen of an Olive (Olea europaea) tree located in the southern area of the Gardens at the head of King William Street, and could date to the original 1854 Olive (Olea europaea) plantings in the Gardens by Francis given its girth and age. Of some aesthetic, botanical and historical merit. Chusan Palm (Trachycarpus fortunei) specimen: a specimen of a Chusan Palm (Trachycarpus fortunei) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by Chief Justice and Lieutenant-Governor Sir Samuel Way, and located adjacent to the Women s & Children s Hospital. Of some aesthetic, botanical and historical merit. Pepper Tree (Schinus aeria var molle) specimen: an elderly but in good form and shape specimen of a Pepper Tree (Schinus aeria var molle) located in the southern area of the Gardens, and could date to the original 1854 plantings in the Gardens by Francis given its girth and age. Of some aesthetic, botanical and historical merit. BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 965

5 Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) specimen (3): a specimen of a Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by Chief Justice and Lieutenant-Governor Sir Samuel Way, and located adjacent to the Women s & Children s Hospital. Of some aesthetic, botanical and historical merit. Canary Island Palm (Phoenix canariensis) specimen: a specimen of a Canary Island Palm (Phoenix canariensis) probably dating from the 1890s specimens, and located adjacent to the Women s & Children s Hospital. Of some aesthetic merit. Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) specimen (4): a specimen of a Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by Chief Justice and Lieutenant-Governor Sir Samuel Way, and located adjacent to St Ann s College. Of some aesthetic, botanical and historical merit. Pepper Tree (Schinus aeria var molle) specimens: two elderly but in good form and shape specimens of Pepper Trees (Schinus aeria var molle) located adjacent to St Ann s College, and could date to the original 1854 plantings in the Gardens by Francis given their girth and age. Of some aesthetic, botanical and historical merit. Brush Lilly-pilly (Syzygium paniculatum) specimen (2): a Brush Lilly-pilly (Syzygium paniculatum) specimen located in the southern portion of the Gardens opposite the Women s & Children s Hospital, and dating from the 1930s-40s period. Of some aesthetic merit. O Connell Brougham Place Lower Italian Poplar (Populus nigra Italica ) alleé or avenue: a pedestrian avenue planting of Italian Poplar (Populus nigra Italica ) trees in c.1972 comprising some eight trees. Of some aesthetic merit. Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) specimen (5): a specimen of a Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by Chief Justice and Lieutenant-Governor Sir Samuel Way, and located adjacent to St Ann s College. Of some aesthetic, botanical and historical merit. Norfolk Island Hibiscus (Lagunaria patersonii) specimen (1): a mature specimen of a Norfolk Island Hibiscus (Lagunaria patersonii) dating from the 1920s-30s and located in the centre of the Gardens adjacent to the Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 Gardener s Shed. Of some aesthetic merit. BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 966

6 Norfolk Island Hibiscus (Lagunaria patersonii) specimen (2): a mature specimen of a Norfolk Island Hibiscus (Lagunaria patersonii) dating from the 1920s-30s and located in the centre of the Gardens. Of some aesthetic merit. Cotton Palm (Washingtonia filifera) specimen (1): a specimen of a Cotton Palm (Washintonia filifera) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by politician and philanthropist George Brookman, and located adjacent to Brougham Place Congregational Church. Of some aesthetic merit. Brougham Place Desert Ash (Fraxinus angustifolia var oxycarpa) line: a line of seven mature De Desert Ash (Fraxinus angustifolia var oxycarpa) trees along the edge of Brougham Place northern flank opposite Lincoln College. Of some aesthetic merit. Cotton Palm (Washingtonia filifera) specimen (3): a specimen of a Cotton Palm (Washintonia filifera) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by politician and philanthropist George Brookman, and located opposite Lincoln College. Of some aesthetic merit. Stanley Street English Elm (Ulmus procera) trees: a set of three mature English Elm (Ulmus procera) trees along the roadside of Stanley Street providing a strong visual edge to the streetscape. Of some aesthetic merit. Cotton Palm (Washingtonia filifera) specimen (2): a specimen of a Cotton Palm (Washintonia filifera) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by politician and philanthropist George Brookman, and located adjacent to Brougham Place Congregational Church. Of some aesthetic merit. Mexican Washingtonia Palm (Washingtonia robusta) specimens (1-2): two specimens of Mexican Washingtonia Palms (Washintonia robusta) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by politician and philanthropist George Brookman, and located adjacent to Lincoln College. Of some aesthetic merit. Oriental Plane (Platanus orientalis) line: three mature specimens of Oriental Planes (Platanus orientalis) located on the former Brougham Place St Margaret s Street road alignment that were retained after the roadway was closed resulting a visual buffer between the main portion of Brougham Gardens and the eastern portion that was little planted extensively by O Brien, Pengilly and Pelzer in period ornamental specimens. Of some aesthetic merit. BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 967

7 Carob Tree (Ceratonia siliqua) specimen: an elderly specimen of a Carob Tree (Ceratonia siliqua) dating from the 1860s-70s under O Brien in good form and health. Of some botanical and aesthetic merit. Chilean Wine Palm (Jubaea chilensis) specimen (2): an elderly specimen of a Chilean Wine Palm (Jubaea chilensis) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by politician and philanthropist George Brookman, and located adjacent to Lincoln College. Of some aesthetic merit. Moreton Bay Fig (Ficus macrophylla) specimen: a young specimen of a Moreton bay Fig (Ficus macrophylla) probably planted in the 1930s, located adjacent to Lincoln College. Of some aesthetic merit. Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) specimen (6): a specimen of a Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by Chief Justice and Lieutenant-Governor Sir Samuel Way, and located opposite Lincoln College. Of some aesthetic, botanical and historical merit. Mexican Washingtonia Palm (Washingtonia robusta) specimens (3-4): two specimens of Mexican Washingtonia Palms (Washintonia robusta) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by politician and philanthropist George Brookman, and located adjacent to Lincoln College. Of some aesthetic merit. Italian Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) specimens: two elderly specimens of Italian Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) trees terminating the St Margaret s Street Brougham Place pedestrian pathway, and dating from the 1910s-20s period. Of some aesthetic merit. Mexican Washingtonia Palm (Washingtonia robusta) specimen (5): an elderly specimen of the Mexican Washingtonia Palm (Washintonia robusta) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by politician and philanthropist George Brookman, and located adjacent to Lincoln College. Of some aesthetic merit Mexican Washingtonia Palm (Washingtonia robusta) specimen (6): an elderly specimen of the Mexican Washingtonia Palm (Washintonia robusta) probably dating from the 1890s specimens donated by politician and philanthropist George Brookman, and located adjacent to Lincoln College. Of some aesthetic merit BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 968

8 Moreton Bay Fig (Ficus macrophylla) specimen: a mature specimen of a Moreton Bay Fig (Ficus macrophylla) tree located centrally within the Brougham Gardens probably dating from the 1860s-70s under O Brien, of good form and health. Of some botanical and aesthetic merit. Canary Island Palm (Phoenix canariensis) specimen: an elderly specimen of a Canary Island Palm (Phoenix canariensis) partially obscured by the adjacent Moreton Bay Fig (Ficus macrophylla) specimen. Of some aesthetic merit. Indian Coral Tree (Erythrina indica) specimen (2): a mature specimen of an Indian Coral Tree (Erythrina indica) probably dating from the 1920s-30s under Pelzer, located on the northern flank of Brougham Gardens. Of some aesthetic merit. Canary Island Pine (Pinus canariensis) specimens: four specimens of Canary Island Pines (Pinus canariensis) located in the centre of the main portion of Brougham Gardens probably dating from the 1880s-90s under Pengilly. Of some aesthetic merit. O Connell Brougham Place Upper Italian Poplar (Populus nigra Italica ) alleé or avenue: a pedestrian avenue planting of Italian Poplar (Populus nigra Italica ) trees in c.1972 comprising some seven trees. Of some aesthetic merit. Chilean Wine Palm (Jubaea chilensis) specimen (3): a specimen of a Chilean Wine Palm (Jubaea chilensis) located on the northern flank of Brougham Gardens. Of some aesthetic and botanical merit. English Elm (Ulmus procera) specimens: three mature specimens of English Elms (Ulmus procera) located in the western portion of the main area of Brougham Gardens. Of some aesthetic merit. Spatial Arrangements There are several spatial arrangement components in Brougham Gardens/Tandotittingga/Park 29 that possess cultural heritage merit: Brougham Gardens Pathways: axial bitumen pedestrian pathway routes that have existed since the 1860s and the 1920s in alignment and relative width. Of some design merit. Brougham Place roadway: the encircling vehicular roadway of Brougham Place that envelopes and defines the Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29, as defined by Light in his 1836 Plan of Adelaide. Of some design merit. BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 969

9 Structures There is one structure component in Brougham Gardens/Tandotittingga/Park 29 that possess cultural heritage merit: Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 Gardener s Shed: A small, painted concrete-block, Gardeners Shed, possessing little built form merit, is awkwardly and visually positioned near the centre of the main part of Brougham Gardens with an overgrown Kaffir Apple (Dovyalis caffra) and New Zealand Mirror Bush (Coprosma repens) hedge. Of some social merit. Western Brougham Place Victorian Cast-Iron Bollards: three Victorian era castiron bollards, painted silver, and located in the western portion of the Gardens at the head of Bagot Street in North Adelaide, and probably relocated here in the 1920s by Pelzer. Of some aesthetic and historical merit. Joanna Irwin Memorial Seat: a brass plaque affixed to a Victorian era style seat, located in the western portion of the Gardens, in memoriam to Joanna Elizabeth Irwin, 25 May June 2000, and presented by her family. Of some social merit. Small Scale Elements There are several small scale element components in Brougham Gardens/Tandotittingga/Park 29 that possess cultural heritage merit: Andrew Simpson Clock: an ornamental clock and clock garden with two brass memorial plaques, donated by Andrew Penfold Simpson in 1986 and started by Her Majesty the Queen on 10 March Of some historical and design merit. City of Adelaide Lioness Club Seat: a brass plaque affixed to a Victorian era style seat in the southern portion of the Gardens near the head of King William Street, recording the City of Adelaide Lioness Club Of some social merit. Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 Mulch Dump: a gardening mulch and waste storage facility immediately next to the above shed that is equally an aesthetically and functional unpleasing element in the overall Gardens. Of some social merit. J Henry Ehrlich Memorial Seat: a brass plaque and timber Lister garden seat, located in the western portion of the Gardens, in memoriam to J Henry Ehrlich and presented by his family. Of some social merit. BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 970

10 Simpson Clock Plaque: a brass plaque embedded on the lower Clock garden recording the donation of the clock to the Corporation by Andrew Penfold Simpson in 1986 to commemorate the 150 th anniversary of the state. Of some social merit Simpson Clock Opening Plaque: a brass plaque embedded on the lower Clock garden recording the turning on of the Clock by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II on 10 March Of some social merit. Teddy Love Chair and Plaque (1): a bronze plaque on a Victorian era seat with accompanying bronze plaque embedded in concrete in front of the seat, donated in February 2007 by the Teddy Love Club as a symbol of supporting understanding for bereaved parents, and located opposite the Women s & Children s Hospital. Of some social merit. Teddy Love Chair and Plaque (2): a bronze plaque on a Victorian era seat with accompanying bronze plaque embedded in concrete in front of the seat, donated in February 2007 by the Teddy Love Club as a symbol of supporting understanding for bereaved parents, and located opposite the Women s & Children s Hospital facing Melbourne Street. Of some social merit. Beta Sigma Phi Rose (Rosa ssp) Garden: a small rose bed, with associated plaque, donated by the Beta Sigma Phi Adelaide group on 17 April Of some social merit Beta Sigma Phi Rose (Rosa ssp) Garden Plaque: metal plate on plinth recording the donation of the Rose (Rosa ssp) bed to the Corporation by members of the Beta Sigma Phi Adelaide on 17 April Of some social merit Historical Views and Aesthetic Qualities Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 possesses several significant visual characteristics that structure its relationship to and within North Adelaide: Metal Garden Strips: several lengths of original metal strips, as installed in the 1860s- 1880s, that are extant around several Rose (Rosa ssp) beds in the Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29. Of some historical merit. Northern Brougham Place Victorian Cast-Iron Bollard: one Victorian era cast-iron bollard, painted silver, and located opposite Lincoln College, and probably relocated here in the 1920s by Pelzer. Of some aesthetic and historical merit. Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 Internal Vista: an internal vista looking eastwards and westwards within the Gardens. Of some aesthetic merit. King William Street South Vista: a vista southwards from the Gardens towards St Peter s Cathedral, lower North Adelaide, and the city skyline. A prominent view as one journey s down King William Street from O Connell Street with the vista opening up after turning a road bend. Of some aesthetic merit. BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 971

11 Stanley Street East Vista: a vista eastwards down Stanley Street to the northern Adelaide Hills escarpment. Of some aesthetic merit. Brougham Place West Vista: an elongated along Brougham Place terminated by Christ Church in Palmer Place. Of some aesthetic merit. North Adelaide Hotel Vista: a vista upwards along King William Street after passing through lower North Adelaide with the former North Adelaide Hotel now SkyHome apartments crowning the corner at a 45 angle to the roadway. Of some aesthetic merit. King William Street South-East Vista: a view down the escarpment section of King William Street looking towards the south-east over the Women s & Children s Hospital complex with the Adelaide Hills escarpment beyond. Of some aesthetic merit. Brougham Gardens East Vista: an internal view from within Brougham Gardens eastwards towards the Brougham Place Congregational Church, as often featured in 1910s-30s postcards and photographs. Of some aesthetic merit. Brougham Gardens East Vista: a vista over Melbourne Street intersection with Brougham Place towards the northern Adelaide Hills escarpment. Of some aesthetic merit. Brougham Place South Vista: a vista southwards down Brougham Place into Frome Road and thence across the city skyline to the southern Adelaide Hills escarpment. Of some aesthetic merit. Cultural Landscape Heritage Significance Evaluation The following table summarises the cultural landscape heritage components present in Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29. A separate assessment, in the Main Report, positions Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 s cultural landscape in the context of the wider Adelaide Park Land. BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 972

12 Recommended: Preparation of a Conservation Study Proposed: National Trust of South Australia / Significant Tree Register Recommended: Adelaide City Development Plan (g) it has a special association with the life or work of a person or organisation or an event of historical importance (f) it has strong cultural or spiritual associations for the community or a group within it. (e) it demonstrates a high degree of creative, aesthetic or technical accomplishment or is an outstanding representative of particular construction techniques or (d) it is an outstanding representative of a particular class of places of cultural significance (c) it may yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the State s history, including its natural history (b) it has rare, uncommon or endangered qualities that are of cultural significance (a) it demonstrates important aspects of the evolution or pattern of the State s history Recommended: State Heritage Register Recommended: Register of the National Estate Vulnerable Low Significance Medium Significance High Significance Existing: National Trust of South Australia / Significant Tree Register Existing: Adelaide City Development Plan Existing: State Heritage Register Existing: Register of the National Estate Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga /Park 29 Item / Component / Place Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 generally H - - V - Y Y - Y - Y - Y Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 western portion H - - V - Y Y - Y - Y - Y Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 eastern portion H - - V - Y Y - Y - Y - Y Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park H - - V - Y Y - Y - Y - Y Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park M Y - - O Connell-Melbourne Streets pathways M Y - - O Connell-Stanley Streets pathway M Y - - St Margaret s-king William Streets pathway M Y - - St Margaret s-brougham Place pathway M Y - - Brougham Place footpath M Y - - Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) specimen (1) M Y Y - English Elm (Ulmus procera) specimens L Indian Coral Tree (Erythrina indica) specimen (1) L Chilean Wine Palm (Jubaea chilensis) specimen (1) M Y Y - Canary Island Pine (Pinus canariensis) specimen L Radiata Pine (Pinus radiata) specimen L Brush Lilly-pilly (Syzygium paniculatum) specimen (1) L Olive (Olea europaea) specimen (1) M Y Y - Olive (Olea europaea) specimen (2) M Y - - Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) specimen (2) M Y - - Chusan Palm (Trachycarpus fortunei) specimen M Y - - Pepper Tree (Schinus aeria var molle) specimen M Y - - Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) specimen (3) M Y - - Canary Island Palm (Phoenix canariensis) M Y - - Brush Lilly-pilly (Syzygium paniculatum) specimen L O Connell-Brougham Place Lower Italian Poplar (Populus nigra Italica ) L V alleé or avenue Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) specimen (4) M Y - - Pepper Tree (Schinus aeria var molle) specimens M Y - - Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) specimen (5) M Y - - Norfolk Island Hibiscus (Lagunaria patersonii) specimen (1) L Norfolk Island Hibiscus (Lagunaria patersonii) specimen (2) L Cotton Palm (Washingtonia robusta) specimen (1) M Y - - Stanley Street English Elm (Ulmus procera) trees M Y - - Cotton Palm (Washingtonia robusta) specimen (2) M Y - - BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 973

13 Brougham Place Desert Ash (Fraxinus angustifolia var oxycarpa) line L Cotton Palm (Washingtonia robusta) specimen (3) M Y - - Mexican Washingtonia Palm (Washingtonia filifera) specimens (1-2) M Y - - Oriental Plane (Platanus orientalis) line M Y - - Carob Tree (Ceratonia siliqua) specimen M Y Y - Chilean Wine Palm (Jubaea chilensis) specimen (2) M Y Y - Mexican Washingtonia Palm (Washingtonia filifera) specimens (3-4) M Y - - Italian Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) specimens M Y - - Moreton Bay Fig (Ficus macrophylla) specimen M Y - - Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) specimen (6) M Y - - Mexican Washingtonia Palm (Washingtonia filifera) specimen (5) M Y - - Mexican Washingtonia Palm (Washingtonia filifera) specimen (6) M Y - - Indian Coral Tree (Erythrina indica) specimen (2) L Canary Island Pine (Pinus canariensis) specimens M Y - - Chilean Wine Palm (Jubaea chilensis) specimen (3) M Y Y - English Elm (Ulmus procera) specimens L Moreton bay Fig (Ficus macrophylla) specimen M Y - - Canary Island Palm (Phoenix canariensis) specimen M Y - - O Connell-Brougham Place Upper Italian Poplar (Populus nigra Italica ) alleé or avenue L V Brougham Gardens pathways M Y - - Brougham Place roadways M Y - - Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 Gardener s Shed L Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 Mulch Dump L J Ehrlich Memorial Seat L Western Brougham Place Victorian Cast-Iron Bollards M Joanna Irwin Memorial Seat L Andrew Simpson Clock M Y - - City of Adelaide Lioness Club Seat L Simpson Clock Plaque L Simpson Clock Opening Plaque L Teddy Love Chair & Plaque (1) L Teddy Love Chair & Plaque (2) L Metal Garden Strips M - V Y - - Northern Brougham Place Victorian Cast-Iron Bollard M Y - - Beta Sigma Phi Rose (Rosa ssp) Garden L Beta Sigma Phi Rose (Rosa ssp) Garden Plaque L Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 Internal Vista L King William Street South Vista M Y - - King William Street South-East Vista M Y - - Brougham Gardens East Vista M Y - - Brougham Place South Vista M Y - - Stanley Street East Vista L Brougham Place West Vista L Brougham Place East Vista M Y - - BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 974

14 Statement of Cultural Significance: Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 represents an integral segment of the overall Adelaide Park Lands that possesses important cultural significance in reflecting the spatial and planting design intent and philosophies of August Pelzer as well as a strong Victorian landscape style. Integral with Palmer Gardens/Pangki Pangki/Park 28, it forms a significant Gardenesque intermission between the juxtaposed segments of as well as a landscaped gateway to North Adelaide, and contributes to the overall visual character of North Adelaide as venue of strong Victorian built form and spatial associations. Recommendations: Prepare suitable nominations to the register of state heritage places and the National Trust s register of significant trees as identified above. Propose the assemblage of Palmer Gardens/Pangki Pangki/Park 28, Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 and Roberts Place Reserve (in Karrawirra/Park 12) including all trees, statues, flower beds and gardens, pathways, road channels and kerbs, road curtilages immediately adjacent, nature strip tree plantings, period light standards, and general landscape contoured ground surfaces, as the North Adelaide Gardens State Heritage Area on the basis of social, design, historical, aesthetic significance merit reasons; Prepare a Conservation Study and Landscape Master Plan for the above recommended North Adelaide Gardens State Heritage Area recognising the 1870s- 1920s predominant period of plantings, furniture, roadscape treatments, park design style and particular views outwards from Palmer Gardens/Pangki Pangki/Park 28 and along Frome Road, that were applied in this Area and which underpin the historical and cultural character of the Area today, and seeking to mediate road closures and associated new plantings that occurred in the 1960s-70s to accord with the general historical of the Parks; Such a Master Plan should seek to reinstate and reinforce a formal Victorian landscape character with appropriate plantings, pathway layouts and edgings, hard surface materials, signage and infrastructure design and positioning, address the streetscapes adjoining the Gardens including their tree planting and kerb and guttering, and should seek to recognise and enhance the important visual juxtapositions and roles of Palmer and Brougham Gardens to North Adelaide; Progressively remove and replace senescent or diseased Italian Poplars (Populus nigra Italica ) with specimens relevant to the Victorian period in Adelaide; Seek to adopt a long term strategy in establishing an internal pathway system framed by trees of the same species, or in sequence of the same species, that are relevant to the Victorian period in Adelaide; Remove and shift any new specimens of Moreton Bay Fig (Ficus macrophylla) to a more suitable location both in the Gardens and elsewhere, and establish a tree avenue, unless such specimens have been located as a consequence of contemporary street closure measures; Ensure that any street tree planting along Brougham Place road reserves, adjacent to the Gardens, uses street tree species commonly used in the 1880s-1920s period in Adelaide; Remove Oleanders (Nerium oleander), Olives (Olea europaea), New Zealand Mirror Bush (Coprosma repens), and Gardener s Shed and waste depot, from the Gardens; Install and apply a policy that only park furniture (light standards, fencing and fence posts, seats, bollards, information signage, plaques, etc.) that have a Victorian style or character be permitted in the Gardens; Remove presence of all stobie poles and overhead wires from the Gardens; Revise City of Adelaide Development Plan citations pertaining to P18 to reflect the above conclusions and recommendations; BROUGHAM GARDENS/TANDOTITTINGA/PARK 29: 975