Shyam Enterprises. Manufacturers of glass process systems, PTFE accessories, rotary film evaporators & packaged process plants.

Transcription

1 Shyam Enterprises Manufacturers of glass process systems, PTFE accessories, rotary film evaporators & package process plants.

2 Shyam Enterprises TECHNICA INFRMATIN... 1 PIPE INE CMPNENTS... 6 VAVES & FITERS... 1 VESSES & STIRRERS HEAT EXCHANGERS... 9 CUMN CMPNENTS CUPINGS SUPPRTING STRUCTURE PACKAGE PANTS 'Ravikiran', Plot No.4, Chittavihari Hsg. Society, hanakawai, Pune, Inia Sanjeev Bhosle Telefax: / / Emai I: shyam_ent@vsnl.net, shyam.process@gmail.com

3 Shyam Enterprises 1 TECHNICA INFRMATIN 3

4 Technical Information Introuction Worl over glass is being use extensively as material of construction in the chemical, pharmaceutical foo an rink an allie inustry ue to its excellent corrosion resistance to very large number of chemicals, unmatche by other material smooth pore free surface clear visibility All the glass components fabricate by SHYAM are from Borosilicate glass 3.3. The main avantage of this type of glass is its almost universal corrosion resistance an low coefficient of thermal expansion. Glass plants, pipelines an components fabricate by SHYAM complies with the following international stanars BS EN 185: Glass Plant, Pipeline & Fittings Compatibility & Interchangebility. BS EN 1595: General rules for esign, manufacturers & testing. The curves in fig.1 show a maximum corrosion for ifferent acis in the concentration range between 4 an 7 N (HCI for example at the azeotrope with 0. wt %). Above that the reaction spee ecreases markely so that the eroe layer amounts to only a few thousanths of millimeter after some years. There is, therefore, justification for referring to borosilicate glass 3.3 as an aci-resistant material. epth of attack [ µ m] HCl Temperature : C Time : 16 Hours Properties of Borosilicate glass 3.3 The Borosilicate glass 3.3 use in the fabrication by SHYAM complies generally with the following chemical composition 0.01 HS 4 HN 3 Component Si B 3 Al 3 Na + K thers Physical properties Coefficient of mean linear thermal expansion (0 C to C) Mean thermal conuctivity (0 C to C) Mean specific heat capacity (0 C to C) % by weight = (3.3 ± 0.1)//K = 1. W/mK C = 0.98 KJ/Kg-K p 3 ensity at 0 C r = (.3±0.0) g/cm Moulus of elasticity E = 64 kn/mm Poissons ratio m = 0. permissible tensile an bening stress permissible compressive stress K/S = 6 N/mm K/S = N/mm The most important mechanical property of borosilicate 3.3 glass is that the compressive strength is high an the tensile strength is low. As a result glass process plants are supporte from the lowest point. Chemical Resistance Borosilicate glass 3.3 is resistant to almost all chemicals except hyrofluoric aci, phosphoric aci, an strong caustic solutions. Hyrofluoric aci has maximum effect on glass an presence of this aci even at ppm levels can cause corrosion. Phosphoric aci an caustic solution at col conitions o not pose much problems. However at elevate temperatures these corroe glass. Surface erosion in mm per annum CHCH Fig. 1 Normality of the acis Aci attack on borosilicate glass 3.3 as a function of concentration It can be seen from the corrosion curves in fig. that the attack on the glass surface initially increase as the concentration of the caustic solution increases but after exceeing a maximum it assumes a virtually constant value. Rising temperatures increase the corrosion, While at low temperatures the reaction spee is so low that reuction of the wall thickness is harly etectable over a number of years. %NaH Fig. Alkali attack on borosilicate glass 3.3 as a function of temperature & Concentration 75C 65C 51C C

5 Technical Information Permissible operating Temperature The strain point temperature, at which eformation woul take place, of o Borosilicate glass 3.3 is aroun 5 C. The glass retains its properties till this temperature. However the recommene operating temperature is o consierably lower at C an that too without any temperature shocks. o In exceptional cases the glass components can be use beyon C. Customers shoul consult SHYAM for such special applications. At sub-zero temperatures borosilicate glass has better tensile strength. n o the lower sie, borosilicate glass an be use up to (-) C. These temperatures mentione above are only inicative an woul vary with iniviual operating conitions, an the various components use in the system. The limiting conitions woul have to be base on this. Rapi changes of temperatures woul result in thermal shocks resulting in increase stress in the glass. Therefore, uner normal operating conitions such thermal shocks shoul be avoie. As a general guieline, o suen temperature changes of up to 10 C woul be acceptable. Permissible operating pressure Borocilicate glass plant & pipeline is use in both internal pressure an vacuum application. The maximum operating pressure for a complete system is governe by the lowest rate component in the system. The maximum operating pressure is reuce with increasing temperature ifference between the process an ambient. The allowable operating pressures are epenent on the nominal bores of the components. Nominal Bore () Notes: ata assumes temperature ifference between inner an outer surfaces of glass wall = 5 C.. ata base on operating temperature of 10 C. Pressure (bar. g) imensions of Flat Buttress en The Glass Process Plant & Pipe ine Components etaile in this have stanar Flat Buttress ens. The following table provies iamension information on stanar Flat Buttress ens B=Ball Type En Connections S=Socket Type X=Flat Buttress en Type 1 Nominal bore in mm iameter in mm iameter in mm Tolerance in mm (+) 0.0 (-) (+) 0.0 (-) (+) 0.0 (-) (+) 0.0 (-) (+) 0.0 (-) (+) 0.0 (-) (+) 0.0 (-) (+) 0.0 (-) (+) 0.0 (-) (+) 0.0 (-) (+) 0.0 (-) (+) 0.0 (-) oes not always correspon to the minimum bore. SHYAM manufactures Flat Buttress en connection, as stanar for all its components. However SHYAM can of fer either "QVF" type tapere or "SCHTT" type of en connections as per specific requirement of customers. In the "QVF" type tapere flanges axial forces are exerte while tightening an this coul lea to breakage of glass. In the SHYAM FAT BUTTRESS EN type flanges raial forces are exerte for tightening an oes not break the glass while tightening. 5

6 Technical Information ength & Tolerance of Glass Components : The tolerances on length together with imensions 1, an 3 of Components, unless otherwise specifie for given components in this catalogue. Nominal Bore 15 to to to 4 Jackete Components SHYAM can supply jackete version of all major components liste in the catalogue, such as pipe an fittings, column components, heat exchangers an vessels. The glass jacket is seale on to the component either by fusing, by silicon rubber or in a combination of both. The jackete components help in saving energy by minimizing heat loss, an to maintain the prouct characteristics at the esire temperatures. The permissible operating temperature for the inner component The permissible operating temperature for jacket The permissible operating pressure : : : ength (, 1,, 3) up to 0 mm mm mm mm mm from (-) C to C from (-) C to 130 C 0.5 kg/cm g to Full Vacuum Static Electricity Electrostatic Charge Generation Electrostatic charge generation in glass vessels an piping systems occurs ue to:- The agitation of a low conuctivity flui in a vessel, or The flow of a low conuctivity liqui through a piping system. The charge generate is retaine in the flui an ue to the low conuctivity cannot be issipate (even if the flui is in contact with a high conuctivity pure metal vessel/pipe wall). Charge generation will occur whether the vessel/ pipework is glass or of metal construction. The charge generate epens on the actual operating conitions. For more information contact our technical epartment. Safety Pressure Relief Properly esigne over-pressure protection systems must be installe to protect the glass process plant, in case the equipment is operate uner positive pressure. Containment If the glass process plant is locate in such an area, where there is a potential risk of amage ue to external mechanical effects (i.e. acciental impact), it is recommene that safety screens are fitte to the main support structure. If installations are locate in the open an operate at relatively high temperatures, they shoul be protecte against thermal shock. This can be achieve by lagging the process equipment. Most glass process plants are esigne for operation at nominally atmospheric pressure. Where the installation is to be operate at a positive pressure, the installation of transparent protective screens will provie extra protection for process plant personnel in the unlikely event of glassware failure. It shoul be note that the energy release following the failure of a pressurise system is significantly greater than a system operate at atmospheric pressure. For smaller process vessels, seconary spillage containment can be installe in the form of trays or troughs. For larger installations, buning or a sump arrangement shoul be consiere to provie the necessary containment. In these circumstances it is recommene that the galvanise steel tubular support structure is built on plinths within the bune area to prevent corrosion of the support feet. Coate Glass Plant an Piping As aitional safety, SHYAM offers protective coating system to protect glass process plant.the protective coating provies aitional protection against risk of injury, release of corrosive liquis or loss of expensive material in the event of acciental breakage. The entire range of glass components liste in the catalogue can be supplie with protective CAT. It is important to note that the application of PRTECTIVECA T oes not increase the maximum working pressure. The coating is applie in a transparent / translucent form to the glass components. The PRTECTIVECAT protects the surface of the glass uring storage, transport, installation an operation. PRTECTIVECAT will protect the glass from impact amage up to a process operating temperature of 1 C. 6

7 Shyam Enterprises PIPE INE CMPNENTS 7

8 Pipe ine Components Introuction Borosilicate glass pipeline components fin universal application throughout the worl's chemical, pharmaceutical, foo an rink an allie inustries where the avantages of using glass as a basis for the construction of complete process systems have long been recognise. With almost universal resistance to corrosion, a long service is guarantee an maintenance is kept to minimum. Their transparency permits visual monitoring of the process at all times. Being inert, the risk of contamination is negligible. Smooth surfaces allow easy cleaning an sterilisation an prevent the buil-up of solis on the inner walls SEPS / SEPS /1 SEPS / SEPS /175 SEPS / SEPS / SEPS /0 SEPS /0 SEPS /700 SEPS /0 SEPS /0 The complete range of pipeline components is escribe on the following pages. Components with three types of buttress en are available from to. As a special requirement T apere buttress ens are also available. The pipeline components escribe in this section of the catalogue comply with BS EN 185:1999 which means that 90 bens, tee pieces an equal crosses are interchangable. The angle valves escribe in chapter 3 - valves & Filters - are also interchangable. refers to the nominal bore. Unless otherwise state, all imensions are given in mm. For permissible operating conitions, please see chapter 1 - Technical Information,. For PRTECTECATE items,a a suf fix C to the stanar catalogue reference.therefore a SEPS / becomes a SEPS /C. Pipe Sections In aition to the stanar pipe sections etaile below, a range of precision bore pipesections is available for applications where the insie iameter nees to be within more closely controlle limits. Precision bore pipe sections can be provie on request SEPS / SEPS /1 SEPS / SEPS /175 SEPS / SEPS / SEPS /0 SEPS /0 SEPS /700 SEPS /0 SEPS / SEPS /1 SEPS / SEPS /175 SEPS / SEPS / SEPS /0 SEPS /0 SEPS /700 SEPS /0 SEPS /0 SEPS / SEPS /175 SEPS / SEPS / SEPS /0 SEPS /0 SEPS /700 SEPS /0 SEPS / SEPS / SEPS /175 SEPS / SEPS / SEPS /0 SEPS /0 SEPS /700 SEPS /0 SEPS / SEPS /75 SEPS / SEPS /1 SEPS / SEPS /175 SEPS / SEPS / SEPS /0 SEPS /0 SEPS /700 SEPS /0 SEPS / SEPS / SEPS /0 SEPS /0 SEPS /0 SEPS / SEPS /0 SEPS /0 SEPS /0 SEPS 4/0 SEPS 4/0 SEPS 4/0 SEPS /0 SEPS /0 SEPS /0 8

9 Pipe ine Components Spacers Spacers are use to make up small increments in length an are fitte between stanar buttress en components When Incorporating spacers, longer coupling bolts are require together with an aitional gasket SESS Stan for PTFE Spacers while SEPSS Stan for Glass Spacers Pipe Reucers 1 SEPR 1 SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SESS SEPSS SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SESS /5 SESS /15 SESS / SESS / SESS /5 SESS /15 SESS / SEPSS / SEPSS /75 SESS /5 SESS /15 SESS / SEPSS / SEPSS /75 SEPSS / SESS / SESS /0 SESS / SEPSS /75 SEPSS / SESS / SESS /0 SESS / SEPSS /75 SEPSS / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR 4/ SEPR 4/ SEPR 4/ SEPR 4/ SEPR 4/ SEPR 4/ SEPR 4/ SEPR 4/ SESS /0 SESS / SESS /75 SEPSS / SEPSS / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR / SEPR /4 9

10 Pipe ine Components U Bens Unequal Tee Pieces U Bens with Bottom utlet 1 1 SEPU SEPU SEPU SEPU SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPUT / / / / Equal Tee Pieces SEPU SEPU / SEPU SEPU / SEPU SEPU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU 0/ SEPTU 0/ SEPTU 0/ SEPTU 0/ SEPTU 0/ SEPTU 0/ SEPTU 0/ SEPT SEPT SEPT SEPT SEPT SEPT SEPT SEPT SEPTU 4/ SEPTU 4/ SEPTU 4/ SEPTU 4/ SEPTU 4/ SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU / SEPTU /

11 Pipe ine Components o 90 Pipe Bens o Pipe Bens 4 TYPE-1 TYPE- TYPE-3 o Pipe Bens Type /3 /3 /3 /3 /3 /3 SEPB 90/ SEPB 90/ SEPB 90/ SEPB 90/ SEPB 90/ SEPB 90/ SEPB 90/ SEPB 90/ SEPB 90/ o 90 Pipe Bens Reucers SEPB / SEPB / 1 1 TYPE-1 1 TYPE- 1 1 Type TYPE TYPE- Type /3 /3 /3 /3 /3 TYPE-3 SEPB / SEPB / SEPB / SEPB / SEPB / SEPB / SEPB / SEPB / o o o SEPBR also available in 45, & on request. o 90 Pipe Bens with TP 1 1 SEPBR / SEPBR / SEPBR / SEPBR / SEPBR / SEPBR / SEPBR / SEPBR / SEPBR / SEPBR / SEPBR 4/ o 45 Pipe Bens TYPE-1 TYPE Type SEPB 45/ SEPB 45/ SEPB 45/ SEPB 45/ SEPB 45/ SEPB 45/ SEPB 45/ SEPB 45/ 1 TYPE Type 1 1 TYPE SEPBT SEPBT SEPBT SEBPT SEBPT SEPBT SEPBT 11

12 Pipe ine Components Equal Cross 0 0 Y Pieces SEPX SEPX SEPX SEPX SEPX SEPX 45 Sight Glass PTFE Flare Type 1 PC ocking Nut Tie Ros Glass Pipe Section Flange PTFE Flaring Pipe Closures Hose Connectors SEPHC SEPBE SEPBE SEPBE SEPBE SEPBE SEPBE SEPBE SEPBE SEPBHC /0 SEPBHC / SEPBHC / SEPBHC / SEPBHC SEPY SEPY SEPY SEPY SEPY 1 SEPHC /0 SEPHC / SEPHC / SEPHC / PTFE Bush Type P.C PTFE Bush & Gasket Metal Nut SESEF 15 SESEF SESEF SESEF SESEF 65 SESEF SESEF SESEF Glass Pipe Section Tie Ros SESEB 15 SESEB SESEB SESEB SESEB 65 SESEB SESEB SESEB Note : Stanar rilling of flanges will be as per ANSI B 16.5 Class #. rilling as per other stanars available on request. Stanar ength of Glass Piece is mm, other length available is upon request. SS316, SS304, PP Sight Glass Frame can be supplie on request. Acrylic cover can be supplie on request. 1

13 Shyam Enterprises 3 VAVES & FITERS 13

14 Valves & Filters Introuction STRAIGHT THRUGH VAVES (INE VAVES) Valves an filters form an essential part of any process plant or system in a wie range of applications from relatively simple on/off function to control, pressure relief an filtering. All wette parts of valves an filters escribe in this section of the catalogue are constructe from Boroslilicate glass an PTFE, thus ensuring maximum resistance to corrosion. In aition, as valves have a glass boy, visual monitoring of the valve operation is possible at all times. Complete valve consists of Glass Valve Boy, PTFE Bellow with nut, Bakelite Valve Bonnet with MS Spinle etc. Aluminum Valve Bonnet is also available an can be supplie upon request. refers to the nominal bore. Unless otherwise state, all imensions are given in mm. For permissible operating conitions, unless otherwise state in the iniviual escriptions,please see Chapter 1- Technical Information. Generally, the maximum operating temperatures above ambient, o o particularly in the range from 10C to C, impose restrictions on the permissible operating pressure. In case of oubt, please consult our Technical epartment for further information. 1 ANGE VAVES 90 o Bar.g SEPV SEPV / SEPV SEPV SEPV SEPV SEPV For FRP Coate items, a a suffix F to the stanar catalogue o reference. Therefore a SEPV becomes a SEPV C. The following stanar spares are available for valves. Glass Boy Valve Bellow (PTFE) Valve Nut (GFT) Bonnet Assembly Bonnet Assembly with Valve Bellow o *Angle Valve can also be provie in rain Valves Bar.g SEPVE SEPVE SEPVE SEPVE 14

15 Valves & Filters Bar.g. Non-Return Valves flap type / SEPV SEPV / SEPV These valves can be use in both horizontal an vertical lines. The flap is mae of PTFE an is mounte on a tantalum hinge to ensure maximum corrosion resistance. Vent Valves Bar.g TYPE A TYPE B SERK SERK SERK SERK SERK Type A B A B Bar.g Non-Return Valves ball type SEVST A SEVST B SEVST A SEVST B oaing Valves oaing valves (or constant pressure valves) are use to maintain constant pressure in a pipeline an to creat an artificial hea. typically for a pump to work against. They are particularly suitable for installation on the outlet of centrifugal an osing pump. They must not be use as safety or pressure relief valves. The valves comprise a spring assembly (in place of the normal hawheel an bonnet assembly) which can be ajuste to vary the pressure from 0. bar.g. to the maximum operating pressure of the valve. These valves are for use only in vertical lines They are clampe between buttress ens using long bolts. The complete assembly comprises the glass boy, the glass Ball an the PTFE retaining plate SENR SENR SENR SENR SEPVF SEPVF SEPVF 15

16 Valves & Filters Han Control Valves Han control valves incorporate a hawheel an bonnet assembly. Bottom utlet Valves Type SEBA an SEBAS bottom outlet valves are esigne specifically for use with SHYAM glass items which have an integral glass seat seale into the bottom outlet. The position of the valve seat is such that it reuces the accumulation of solis in the vessels or rain neck. Valve seats can be seale into either spherical or cylinrical vessels to special orer These valves provie a means of externally ajusting the level insie a vessel. They are ieal for use with liqui separators or liqui/liqui extractors. Within the valve, the lower en of the PTFE bellows is in the form of a tube of accurately machine external iameter which operates insie a precision bore glass tube. Its position can be ajuste within given limits to set the require overflow level. In application where the system is not self-venting via the overflow line, a vent line can be connecte to the 1 branch Ajustable verflow Valves SEPRV SEPRV SEPRV Typical Applications SEBA SEBAS This is use with Spherical an Cyliner vessels with long bottom outlet fitte with seale-in valve seat. For example where a vessels is to be installe in heating/cooling or heating mantle. This is use with cylinrical or spherical vessels with short bottom nozzles. Unlike type SEBAS an SEBA bottom outlet valves shown above the type SERFC bottom outlet valve is esigne for use with spherical an cylinrical vessels which o not have an integral glass seat seale into the bottom outlet SEBA / SEBA / SEBA / SEBA / SEF SEF SEF SEF SERFC SERFC 16

17 Valves & Filters Three Way Flow Change Valves With normal three way valves it is possible to close both outlets at the same time by mistake which can result in the buil-up of excess pressure in the line an also in the plant itself. The valve escribe here provie a safe solution to this problem since the esign ensures that free flow through the valve is never impee. The use of a three way flow change valve is recommene when a plant is operate batch wise, uner vacuum an nees to be vente at regular intervals in such circumstances one outlet is connecte to the vacuum pump an the other (in reverse irection of flow) is use for venting purpose. 1 Gas Mixing Valves SEPVW SEPVW These valves are use to fee gas into bubble columns without internals an reaction vessels. The gas enters through holes rille raially at the narrowest cross-section of the PTFE jet an the flow of liqui cause it to shear off into very fine bubbles. This also ensure uniform istribution in the liqui even when use with large reaction vessels or similar equipment. The liqui an gas through put ratio can be selecte within wie limits with the valves fully opene. This is achieve by appropriate ajustment of the gas fee pressure, selection of an appropriate iameter for the gas inlet holes or changing the liqui flow rate. It is also possible to vary the ratio of the two flow rates to each other by ajusting the setting of the control cone. These valve shoul not be use as cut off valves ue to the risk of istortion of the gas inlet holes. Technical ata The throughputs for water an gas refer to a pressure rop of bar in the valve an were measure with an input pressure (air) of 0.4 bar.g an a hole iameter of 1.5 mm. 1 1 iqui Gas Sampling Valves SEGMV SEGMV SEGMV These valves are voi of ea space an are esigne for installation in horizontal pipelines. They are use to take samples from plant an other equipment. There are two ifferent versions which shoul be selecte accoring to whether they are to operate uner positive or atmospheric pressure or alternatively, uner vacuum. The two-part sampling flange below the outlet neck has a PPH fee pipe insie it an has a G 45 screw threa (usual with laboratory glass ware) It will therefore, accept a laboratory bottle (which is inclue in the supply), for example, Sampling flange are in two part which is connecte below the outlet neck aboratory bottle is fitte at the bottom flange. It can also be vente via hole provie in the flange. To evacuate the bottle when taking samples from a vacuum, this hole is fitte with a three way valve. Sampling Valves for Atmospheric an Positive Pressure 1 1 Valve Size Permissible operating pressure at 10 C Throughput Water Air bar.g l/h Nm/h SESVA SESVA SESVA 17

18 Valves & Filters Sampling Valves for Vacuum SESVV SESVV SESVV SEPSF SEPSF SEPSF 1 reference to be complete by mesh size i.e., or 0 e.g. SEPSF / Pipeline Filters Pipeline filters are recommene for use in glass pipeline systems to remove impurities from liqui an gas streams. The assembly is so esigne that the ceramic filter element can be easily remove for replacement or cleaning Ceramic Canle Glass Boy Ceramic Canle Glass Boy TYPE A TYPE B Type A B SEPFC SEPFC irt traps irt traps are esigne for pipeline where high prouct purity is require. They are of particular importance when pump have to be protecte against abrasive constituents an other impurities. They can be supplie as coarse filters with mm iameter holes as stanar or fine filters with mesh sizes of, or 0 µm. The filter element is PTFE an the casing Borosilicate glass proviing almost universal corrosion-resistance. 18

19 Shyam Enterprises 4 VESSES & STIRRERS 19

20 Vessels & Stirrers Introuction In the majority of glass plant installations, vessels fin universal application as reactors, reboilers, receivers an separators as well as for storage, fee or measuring. This section of the catalogue escribes a wie range of glass vessels together with the items which are normally use in conjunction with them such as vessel covers an stirrers. Stanar glass vessels are available in two basic forms: spherical (available up to litres in capacity) an cylinrical (available up to 0 litres in capacity). All Glass vessels have stanar flat buttress en connections. Further etails of these are provie in chapter 1- Technical Information. When spherical vessels are use as reactors, the top branch is generally use for the column or stirrer. The sie branches on stanar vessels are generally, or. an being at 5 to the vertical an being at 45 The only exception to this are spherical vessels which have, an sie branches at 90 to the vertical an are use mainly in boiler circulatory systems. The smaller branches are normally use for such components as thermometer pockets an fee pipes. The branches are normally use for charging solis or for the connection of vapour pipes when the top branch is use for a stirrer. In applications where temperature control is necessary, heating baths an mantles are available an etaile on relevant page in this chapter. In aition, some glass vessels are available with jacket for close temperature control. If spherical or cylinrical vessels are use in conjunction with a heating mantle or bath, a longer bottom outlet is require an shoul be specifie when orering. Spherical Vessel Spherical vessels are suitable for use in the usual temperature range for borosilicate glass plant as inicate in the Technical Information. They can be use uner full vacuum an the table below shows the maximum working pressure which we recommen for each size. Nominal Capacity 5 0 Bulb iameter () 0 mm 85 mm 3 mm 470 mm mm 7 mm Spherical Vessels - Reactor This vessels is fitte with a seale in valve seat for use with bottom outlet valve (SEBA). Bottom outlet part is longer so that the vessels can be use in a heating mantle or heating bath. Use of bottom outlet valve prevents the accumulation of soli in the bottom nozzel. 1 5 Top neck () 45 mm mm mm mm mm mm Max. Internal Pressure 1 bar.g 0.7 bar.g 0.6 bar.g 0.4 bar.g 0.3 bar.g 0. bar.g The majority of vessels can be fitte with a seale-in valve seat for use with type SEBAS an SEBA bottom outlet valves (See chapter 3 - Valves & Filters) This shoul be specifie- when orering. 5 1 Both spherial an cylinrical vessels can be supplie with grauations to special orer. Unless other wise state, all imensions are given in mm. All vessel capacities are given in litres. For PRTECTE CATE items, a a suf fix C the stanar catalogue reference. Therefore SEVZ SEVZ becomes C. a Nominal Capacity / / / / / SEVSP SEVSP 0 SEVSP SEVSP SEVSP 0

21 Vessels & Stirrers Notes : 1. Bottom nozzle size of spherical vessels can be change as per requirement. This shoul be specifie at the time of enquiry.. Bottom nozzle of spherical vessels can be change to suit rain valve (SEPV) instea of bottom valve. (SEBA). This shoul be specifie at the time of orering. 3. All the nozzles sizes an orientation given above are stanar. These can be change as per requirements. 4. Unless otherwise specifie, all the sie nozzles (except 45 nozzles) are provie at 5 to vertical 5. ength ( & 1) may vary within + mm Spherical Vessels - Type E These Vessels are generally use to fit immersion Heat Exchangers in the bottom. 1 can be mae of instea of to fit SEHEM Nominal Capacity 5 0 Notes : SEVA 5/SEVR 5 SEVA /SEVR SEVA 0/SEVR 0 SEVA /SEVR SEVA /SEVR SEVA /SEVR 1. All the nozzles sizes an orientation given above are stanar. These can be change as per requirements.. Unless otherwise specifie, all the sie nozzles (except 45 nozzles) are provie parrallel to the centre nozzle. Cylinerical Vessels (Two Pieces) Cylinrical vessels are use for a wie variety of purpose, of example reaction vessels, separator vessels, receivers or fee vessels Nominal Capacity This is most wiely use spherical vessel an are employe for example as receivers, aition etc. Bottom nozzle is short incase of receivers an aition vessels SEVSE SEVSE SEVSE Spherical Vessels - Receiver / Aition Nominal Capacity SEVZ 5 SEVZ SEVZ 0 SEVZ 30 SEVZ SEVZ SEVZ SEVZ SEVZ SEVZ 0 Notes : 1. The vessels can be supplie with a seale-in seat for bottom outlet valve, long bottom outlet an/ or sie branch to special orer.. All the cylinrical vessels liste can be calibrate (for a high egree of accuracy) or grauate to special orer. When orering, please inicate the increments require. 1 1

22 Vessels & Stirrers Cylinerical Vessels - Jackete Cylinrical vessels are available with a glass jacket for heating an cooling uties. The material of construction of the Jacket is Borosilicate glass. The Jacket is fuse irectly to vessels or a silicon rubber or viton '' Ring is use to seal inner shell with jackets. perating range is as follow : o Max. operating temperature C. Max. Jacket pressure 0.5 Bar.g 1 x 3 x SEVZA /1 SEVZA /1 Cylinrical Vessel Covers with Centre Branch The centre branch on these vessels covers is generally use in conjunction with stirrer Nominal Capacity SEVZJ 5/ SEVZJ / SEVZJ / SEVZJ 0/ SEVZJ 0/ SEVZJ 30/ SEVZJ / 4 1 x x 4 x 4 x 4 x SEVZA / SEVZA / SEVZA / SEVZA 4/ SEVZA / Cylinrical Vessel Covers Cylinrical Vessel Covers o with Centre Branch & Sie Nozzle (45) 1 1 These items complement the cylinrical vessels covers etaile earlier. They have larger central an sie branches. o This Vessel cover is supplie with one sie nozzle at 45 for vapour outlet / 45 3

23 Vessels & Stirrers x 3 x 3 x 3 x SEVZA /3 SEVZA /3 SEVZA 4/3 SEVZA / Cylinrical Vessel - Reactor 3 1 This vessel is ieal for a wie range of application in the pilot, small scale prouction for a wie variety of process as Reaction Vessels. This Vessels has bottom outlet nozzel with seale in bottom outlet valve seat for use with bottom outlet valve (SEBA) 1 Nominal Capacity / / / / / / / / SEVCYP SEVCYP 0 SEVCYP 30 SEVCYP SEVCYP SEVCYP SEVCYP SEVCYP 75 Nominal Capacity / / / / / / / / Vessel Holers for Spherical Vessels 1 SEVCYR SEVCYR 0 SEVCYR 30 SEVCYR SEVCYR SEVCYR SEVCYR SEVCYR 75 These holers are generally use with spherical vessel of 0 liters an higher capacity.. The holer is shape to fit the outsie of the vessel. These vessels holers are mae of Aluminium. ther Material like S.S. an C.I. can be supplie upon request. The holer is supporte on three jacking bolts which are positione in holes on the support frame. The bolts can be ajuste until the vessels is perfectly level an at the right height. 1 Cylinrical Vessel - Receiver This vessel is ieal for a wie range of application in the pilot, small scale prouction for a wie variety of process, as Receiver, Fee Vessels, Seperater etc.. This Vessels has bottom nozzle suitable for rain valve (SEPV). This Vessel can be supplie with grauation to special orer. Vessel Capacity SEVSS SEVSS SEVSS SEVSS 0 3

24 Vessels & Stirrers Vessels Holers Ring These metal rings are wrappe with suitable soft rope an are to be supporte on four bolts. Horizontal Separators The continuous separation of immiscible liquis with ifferent ensities requires low flow rate an the largest possible interphase between the light an heavy phases. Horizontal separators satisfy this requirements perfectly. Non stanar an intermeiates sizes (up to 4 an of ifferent lengths), especially for smaller ensity ifferences, can also be supplie upon request. Horizontal Separator without verflow Valve Vessel Capacity Inlet tr. tr. tr. tr. SEVSR SEVSR 5 SEVSR SEVSR 0 3 Mixer Settler This is use for Continuous extraction & separation. Can be supplie with constant or variable overflow SEA SEA SEA Flame Proof Motor with Gear Box Horizontal Separator with overflow Valve Chuck & Seal Assly. with Mech. Seal 5 4 Inlet Heavy Phase In ight Phase In 1 Heavy Phase ut 3 ight Phase ut rain Heavy Phase ut ight Phase ut 3 rain SEMS SEMS SEMS SEA SEA SEA 4

25 Vessels & Stirrers Baths Cooling Baths Cooling baths are use for cooling the glass vessel with ice crystals. Cooling baths are provie with a vessels holing ring an Bottom outlet sealing arrangement. Heating Baths - Jackete with Coil M.S. Jackete heating bath is provie with a M.S. coil insie to circulate either steam or heat transfer flui epening upon the application. Provision for insertion of Electrical heater is also kept. (Non-flame proof) Heater can also be provie along with the bath on request. Although the stanar heating baths are specifically esigne for spherical vessels, similar baths for cylinrical vessels can also be supplie to special orer. All these heating baths can be fitte with suitable temperature control equipment if require. Vessels capacity Heating Baths - with Coil an Heater SEBHC 5 SEBHC SEBHC 0 SEBHC SEBHC SEBHC M.S. Heating baths are use for electrical or steam heating of glass vessel. epening upon the temperature requirements, ifferent types of the thermic fluis or water can be use as heating meia. Heating baths are provie with a pair of non flame proof heaters. M.S.Coil for passing the steam or cooling water, vessel holer, a bottom outlet sealing arrangement an threae socket type or flange type inlet an outlets. Vessels capacity Note : (For all type of Baths) 1 Power coating / S.S. bath can be supplie on request. This shoul be specifie uring inquiry stage.. S.S. / Copper coil can be supplie on request. This shoul be specifie uring inquiry stage. These coils are smaller in iameter than MS coil. 3. Flame proof SEBH 5 SEBH SEBH 0 SEBH SEBH SEBH Heating Mantles Heating Mantles are use for the electrical heating of spherical vessels. Heating mantles provie a positive alternative to steam heating using boilers or immersion heaters. The heating elements are closely pitche in a sinusoial pattern to give an even istribution of heat an to avoi hot spots. Vessels capacity Watts x 0 x 0 x 0 x 0 x 0 x 00 SEBH 5 SEBH SEBH 0 SEBH SEBH SEBH Precise control of heat input is provie by a system of energy regulators an switches built into the heating mantle circuitry. All heating mantles are fitte with safety cut-out thermostats in orer to prevent overheating of the glass vessel. In all cases, the electrical supply shoul be specifie when orering. Spherical vessels with seale in valve seat for SEBA bottom outlet valves are ieal for use with than heating mantles.

26 Vessels & Stirrers Short ip Pipe 1 1 Vessel capacity oaing kw 0.6 (1 x ) 1.0 ( x 0) 1.5 (3 x 0) 3.6 (6 x ) 5.4 (6 x 900) 8.1 (9 x 900) 1 Circuit Supply Volts 30 V 30 V 30 V 4 V 4 V 4 V SEJM 5 SEJM SEJM 0 SEJM SEJM SEJM Note : All the heating mental are Non-flame proof type. Flame Proof Heating Mental can be supplie on request. ip Pipe for Spherical Vessel SEP / SEP / SE P / SE P / SE P / SE P / SEP / SEP / SEP / SEP / SEP / SEP / SEP / Thermometer Pockets for Spherical Vessel These thermometer pockets are esigne for use with stanar stem type thermometer, thermocouples or sensing probes. Improve temperature sensitivity can be achieve by filling the pocket with a suitable heat transfer flui. 1 1 Vessel capacity Note : ip Pipe for Cylinrical Vessels can be supplie of suitable length SEP 5/ SEP / SE P 0/330 SE P /390 SE P /5 SE P /635 Vessel capacity SETP 5/ SETP / SET P 0/330 SET P /390 SET P /5 SET P /635 Note : Thermometer Pocket for Cylinrical Vessels can be supplie of suitable length 6

27 Vessels & Stirrers Chuck & Seal Glass reucer/fep line Reucing Flange is require to connect the chuck & seal to top neck of the vessel. Bellow seal is use for atmospheric pressure or up to the pressure permitte in to the glass vessels. Mechanical seal is use for high vacuum application. Glass Vortex Stirrer These Stirrers are use for liqui having low viscosity containing small soli particles. 1 Chuck & Seal assembly consists of Chuck, Bellow Seal or Mechanical Seal, Glass Seal Plate, Clamping Plate, Flexible Shaft, Stu etc. Vessels capacity Cat. Ref. Bellow seal SECSA SECSA SECSA SECSA SECSA Cat. Ref. Mech. seal SECSM SECSM SECSM SECSM SECSM Vessel capacity 1 Glass Stirrer with Teflon Blae These Stirrers are use for liqui having low viscosity. These stirrers shoul not use for stirring of thick slurry or soli particles SESTV SESTV 0 SESTV SESTV SESTV Glass Propeller Stirrers 1 Propeller type stirrers are use mainly with liquis of relatively high viscosity or where soli particles, which woul block the vortex stirrer, are encountere. 1 Vessel capacity SESTB SESTB 0 SESTB SESTB SESTB 7

28 Vessels & Stirrers Vessel capacity M.S. PTFE Stirrer with PTFE Blae Special type Teflon sleeve stirrers are available in ifferent type to suit customer's requirement of high spee reaction/slurry reactions. The stirrer extens through the center of the reactor to minimise ea volume at the bottom. It is equippe with stanar stirrer rive with mechanical seal assembly having options of spee variation by Mechanical Variator/Electronic Variator SESTP SESTP 0 SESTP SESTP SESTP Motor with Gear Box Foot Mounte flame proof motor with reuction gear box ratio 1: (130 RPM) is supplie as stanar. It must, therefore, be mounte on the support structure. A motor is couple with the gearbox. The other en of the gearbox is couple with flexible shaft. 1:7 (190 RPM) reuction gearbox can also be supplie on request. This shoul be specifie at the time of inquiry. (Specification : 14 RPM, 415V, Hz, 3 Phase Supply) The assembly consists of 1. Chuck & Seal Assembly. Coupler 3. Mechanical Seal 4. Glass Seal Plate 5. M.S. PTFE Stirrer 6. PTFE Stirrer Blae Vessel Capacity 0 tr. tr. tr. tr. SESTP 0 SESTP SESTP SESTP rive Assembly for Glass Stirrers This rive assembly is esigne for use with glass stirrers only. The rive assembly consists of the following major parts : 1. Glass Stirrer. Chuck & Seal assembly 3. Glass Reucer 4. Backing Flange an insert with nuts an bolts 5. Motor with Gear Box Vessels capacity 0 H.P Spee in RPM Cat. Ref. Flame Proof SEFS /130 SEFS /190 SEFS 0/130 SEFS 0/190 SEFS /130 SEFS /190 SEFS /130 SEFS /190 SEFS /130 SEFS /190 Cat. Ref. Non-Flame Proof SERS /130 SERS /190 SERS 0/130 SERS 0/190 SERS /130 SERS /190 SERS /130 SERS /190 SERS /130 SERS /190 8

29 Vessels & Stirrers Frequency Variator : Non-Flame proof igital micro processor AC rives is also available to ajust the spee of motor. This variator has got E isplay for frequency, spee, setting, current etc. (Frequency is set by keypa or external analog signal. Power Supply : Single Phase, 30V, Hz Flame proof version can also be supplie on request. This shoul be specifie of the time of inquiry stage. 9

30 Shyam Enterprises 5 HEAT EXCHANGERS 30

31 Heat Exchangers Introuction The overall heat transfer co-efficient of borosilicate glass equipment compare favourably with many alternative process plant construction materials. This is because the smooth surfaces of the glass improve the film coefficient an reuce the tenency for fouling. Two basic types of glass heat exchanger are escribe in this chapter, Coil type an Shell an Tube type. Shell an tube type heat exchangers are available with glass or Mil Steel (MS) Shells in combination with glass tube as stanar. The shell, en bonnets can be supplie in other material of construction eg, CS, SS, PTFE line, FRP, glass line etc, epening on the process conition. The tube can also be supplie in Silicon Carbie. Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger consists of a cylinrical shell which uses a glass tube bunle. Tubes are fixe in the tube sheet. Each tube is iniviually seale by PTFE '' ring in the tube sheet at both ens. Following are the avantage of using Shell & Tube heat exchangers : arger Heat Transfer Area in single unit ow pressure rop Glass Coil Type Heat Exchanger Heat Exchangers are use for conensation of vapours or cooling of gas or liquis. Heat Exchangers are mae by fusing number of parallel coils in a glass shell. Coils are mae in ifferent iameters using tube of ifferent bores. Coil Heat Exchangers are normally installe in vertical position were the space is a constraint, this Heat Exchangers can be installe in horizontal position also. Precautions : When connecting coil-type conensers to the coolant supply flexible hose or PTFE bellow shoul be use which ensures that stresses are not transmitte to the glass. Coolant control valves shoul always be turne on an off slowly particularly when air is present in the line. Coolant shoul be allowe to rain freely to a point as close as practicable to the heat exchanger. Care shoul be taken in arranging the coolant supply in orer that wate hammer is avoie. A uniform continuous supply of coolant shoul be ensure. Brine or other coolants in close circuit can be use as coolant provie that suitable preceutions against water hammer are taken. Heat Exchangers can be mounte in series to provie larger surface areas. The maximum pressure in the coil.7 bar.g. The maximum ifferential pressure across the coils.7 bar. Easy Tube Replacement. Vent Tube can be Plugge in case of Breakage. Glass coil type heat exchangers are available as conensers, boilers or immersion type units with heat transfer areas up to 8m. There are no internal sealing problems as the coil is wele to the shell making a one piece unit. utlet Coolant Globe Valve Pressure Guage Ball Valve Flexible Hose Both types of heat exchangers are available in a wie range of nominal bores an are totally compatible with the other glass process plant an pipeline components escribe in the other chapters of this catalogue. To return heaer Inlet Coolant rain Valve Flexible Hose Glass heat exchangers have stanar flat buttress en connection (with the exception of service connections on some smaller units). Further etails of these are provie in chapter 1 - Technical Information. Typical Heat Exchanger Arrangement refers to the nominal bore. Unless otherwise state, all imensions are given in mm. utlet Coolant Pressure Guage Flexible Hose In Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Multi-pass (up to 4 pass-tube sie) can be supplie request. Globe Valve Ball Valve rain Inlet Coolant rain Valve Flexible Hose Typical Heat Exchanger Arrangement (irect Connection to Water) 31

32 Heat Exchangers Glass Coil Type Heat Exchangers SEHE T SEHE SEHE T SEHE 4 SEHE /0. SEHE /0.3 SEHE /0.35 SEHE /0.5 SEHE /0.6 SEHE /1.0 SEHE /1.5 Heat transfer area 1 1 Weight empty Weight with coils full (water) Shell capacity m mm mm mm mm mm mm kg kg SEHE /.5 SEHE /.5 SEHE /4.0 SEHE 4/6.0 SEHE 4/8.0 Heat transfer area 1 1 Weight empty Weight with coils full (water) Shell capacity m mm mm mm mm mm kg kg tr Prouct Coolers SEHEF prouct coolers are general purpose coolers use, typically, for the cooling of proucts from istillation columns. The coolers are connecte irectly to the prouct outlet of the column by means of 1. The prouct then flows from the top to the bottom of the unit through the coil battery across which the cooling water flows counter currently from bottom to top in Shell. For connection of the cooling water inlet an outlets, we recommen the use of hose connections 1 1 Cat. Ref. SEHEF /0.1 SEHEF /0. SEHEF /0.3 SEHEF /0.5 SEHEF /0.6 SEHEF /1.0 Heat transfer 1 m mm mm mm mm mm SEHEF T 1 SEHEF T The maximum pressure in the coils is.7 bar.g The maximum ifferential pressure across the coils is.7 bar.g 3

33 Heat Exchangers Glass Boilers Boilers are use for vapourization of liquis by passing the steam in the coils. Boilers mae by fusing number of parallel coils in a glass shell. Flexible hoses must be use on the coil inlet an outlet. To avoi the possibility of steam hammer, the steam main shoul be aequately trappe. To clear the line of the very heavy conensate flow prouce on startup by-pass valves must be installe aroun the trap on the coil outlet. Coil type boilers shoul not be fitte at the bottom of flasks or columns. They are esigne to be mounte on an external circulatory loop, this ensures a rapi uni irectional flow across the heating surfaces which im proves the heat transfer performance. The steam pressure shoul always be aequate enough to ensure effective an smooth conensate removal. This pressure will vary accoring to conitions of use an size of heat exchanger-for example, with the SEHEB an SEHEB 4, a minimum pressure of bar.g will probably be require. n start-up, the steam shoul be amitte positively an progressively to the coil battery to remove the conensate as it is forme an with the by-pass valve left open until a uniform flow of conensate is being vente. epening upon the overall operating conitions, the use of boilers uner high vacuum is not always recommene. rain Pressure Gauge Pressure Regulating Valve Valve Valve Control Valve Valve By-Pass Valve Valve Pressure Gauge rain Steam Hose Steam Hose Typical Boiler arrangement Float-Type Steam Trap an Strainer 1 Type SEHEB, SEHEB AN SEHEB glass coil-type boiler are normally mounte in external circulatory loops using a spherical vessel as the main still, They shoul not be installe in the bottom of a flask or column. 1 The other types of glass coil-type boilers etaile on this page are again mounte in circulatory loops but as their nominal bore is same at the top an bottom, these units can, uner certain circumstances, be installe one above the other to achieve multiples of the basic heat transfer area. The maximum pressure in the coils is 3.0 bar.g. The maximum ifferential pressure across the coils is 3.0 bar 1 Type A 3 4 Type B SEHEB /0.15 SEHEB /0.15 SEHEB /0.5 SEHEB /0.5 SEHEB /1.5 SEHEB /1. SEHEB /.0 Type A B A B A B B Heat transfer area m mm 1 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm Weight empty kg Coil capacity tr

34 Heat Exchangers Glass Immersion Heat Exchangers Immersion heat exchangers are use to control exothermic reactions in glass vessels. In most applications, cooling water is use in the coils, but they can also be use with steam. In the latter case the coils must always be completely immerse in the liqui. The SEHEM has a central hole through the coil battery so that an extene type stirrer shaft can be fitte. This extens to the bottom of the heat exchanger an provies a through mixing action These heat exchangers are not recommene for use with proucts which have tenency to crystallise. The maximum pressure in the coils is 3.0 bar. g. The maximum ifferential pressure across the coils is 3.0 bar reference SEHEM Heat transfer area Shell & Tubes HEM 1 SEHEM Shell an tube heat exchangers are particularly suitable for application where large heat transfer areas are require in relatively confine spaces : Two basic versions are available : - Single pass - Multi pass (tube sie) Both versions are available with glass or mil steel shells in combination with glass tubes as stanar. Consequently, there are three basic moels. SERGG SERGM SERMG Glass Glass Steel m mm mm mm mm mm mm Glass Steel Glass SEHEM / En Cat.Ref Shells Fittings Tubes Glass Glass Glass SEHEM / Number of passes 1 1 to 4 1 When orering a shell an tube heat exchanger, the stanar catalogue reference is suffixe with the iameter (in mm.) an heat transfer are (in metres square) require. For example SERMG /1.5 Shell an tube heat exchangers can be supplie in wie variety of shell fittings combinations of glass, exotic metals an fluroplastics to special orer. etails of these will be suppliec on request. Shell an tube heat exchangers are esigne for horizontal installation but can be supplie for vertical installation to special orer. All shell & tube heat exchange are constructe with 13mm an 1.5mm (min) thick glass tubes. These tubes are arrange in triangular pitch of 1mm. Baffles (30% cut) are provie at a istance approximately equal to inner iameter of shell. Generelly PTFE Baffles are use in glass shell an PP Baffles in non glass shell. Tube sheets are mae of PTFE. Tubes having 14mm or 18mm can be also supplie upon request. Square Pitch can be also provie Instea of Triangular Pitch upon request. Each shell & Tube Heat Exchanger is supplie with the following spare parts : : 3 PTFE plugs, 1 key, 4 tubes. 3 PTFE bushes, 3 PTFE '' rings. : 4 PTFE plugs, 1 key, 5 tubes. 4 PTFE bushes, 4 PTFE '' rings. : 6 PTFE plugs, 1 key, tubes. 6 PTFE bushes, 6 PTFE '' rings. : 8 PTFE plugs, 1 key, 15 tubes. 8 PTFE bushes, 8 PTFE '' rings. Permissible perating Conitions For both coil type an shell an tube heat exchangers the permissible operating conitions for glass shells an heaers are base on the iameter. All Heat Exchangers can be operate uner full vacuum. perating Temperature Range : () C to C on either sie. iff. temperature : <10C] For shell an tube type heat exchangers, the permissible operating conitions for steel shell an bonnet can be etermine from the table. etail of Construction Shell Sie Tube Sie Glass Shell Steel Shell Glass Bonnet Steel Bonnet Max..0 bar.g 3.5 bar.g.0 bar.g.5 bar.g Max..0 bar.g 3.5 bar.g.0 bar.g.5 bar.g Max. 1.0 bar.g 3.5 bar.g 1.0 bar.g.5 bar.g Max. 0.7 bar.g 3.5 bar.g 0.7 bar.g.5 bar.g 34

35 Heat Exchangers Shell & Tubes SERGG Shell : Glass Bonnets : Glass H1 H Glass 1 6 H 3 H1 SERMG Shell : Non Glass (CS, FRP, SS) Bonnets : Glass H1 H Steel H 3 H1 TUBE BUNE 5 Cat.Ref. SERGG SERMG HTA (sq.m.) / /3 3 /1 1 / /3 /4 3 4 /5 5 /6 6 /4 4 /5 5 /6 /8 6 8 / /1 1 / /1 1 /16 16 /1 1 / H H NT NB TS Weight in Kg. (Approx.) SERGG SERGM TS = Tube Sheet = Shell ia NB NT = No. of Baffles = No. of Tubes 5 = Shell ength = Tube ength All Glass Tubes have an external iameter of 13mm an a wall thickness of 1.5 mm (min.) rientation of branch connections can be change on request. 35

36 Heat Exchangers Shell & Tubes SERGM Shell : Glass Bonnets : Non Glass (CS, FRP, SS) H1 Glass H 5 TUBE BUNE Cat.Ref. SERGM / /3 /1 / /3 /4 /5 /6 /4 /5 /6 /8 / /1 / /1 /16 /1 / HTA (sq.m.) H1 75 H NT NB TS TS = Tube Sheet = Shell ia NB NT = No. of Baffles = No. of Tubes 5 = Shell ength = Tube ength All Glass Tubes have an external iameter of 13mm an a wall thickness of 1.5 mm (min.) rientation of branch connections can be change on request. 36

37 Heat Exchangers Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers Sealing etails Shelll. Bonnet 3. PTFE Tube Sheet 4. Cast Iron Flange 5. Insert 6. PTFE Rope 7. MS Bolt 8. Nut 9. Intermeiate PTFE Baffle. Teflon '' Ring 11. PTFE Bush 1. PTFE Nut for Tie Ro 13. Glass Tube 14. Tie Ro 15. Full PTFE Baffle 16. Spacer 17. PTFE '' Ring TR 37

38 Shyam Enterprises 6 CUMN CMPNENTS 38

39 Column Components Introuction ike pipeline borosilicate glass column components fin universal application throughout the worls chemical, pharmaceutical, foo an rink an allie inustries where the avantages of using glass as a basis for the construction of complete process systems has long been recognise. With almost universal resistance to corrosion, a long service life is guarantee an maintenance is kept to a minimum. Their transparency permits constant visual monitoring of the process at all times. Being inert, the risk of contamination is negligible. Smooth surface allow easy cleaning an sterilization an prevent the buil-up of solis on the inner walls. In many unit operations such as reaction, extraction an absorption, the transparency factor of glass column components is a particular avantage. As an example, colour changes in reaction processes are easily monitore, roplet separation in extraction processes can be observe unhinere an constant visual monitoring of hyraulic performance in packe columns is possible. The complete range of column components is escribe on the following pages. All column components have stanar flat buttress en connections. refers to the nominal bore. Unless otherwise state, all imensions are given in mm. For permissible operating conitions, unless otherwise state in the iniviual escriptions, please see Chapter 1- Technical Information. For Protect CATE item a a sufix C to the stanar catalogue. Therefore a SECS /0 becomes a SECS / 0 C H Packing Supports SECS /0 SECS /0 SECS /0 SECS /0 SECS /0 SECS /0 SECS /0 SECS 4/0 SECS 4/0 SECS /0 SECST /0 SECST /0 SECST /0 SECST /0 SECST /0 SECST /0 SECST /0 SECST 4/0 SECST 4/0 SECST /0 Two types of packing support are available as stanar. Type-A Packing Supports are mae from fuse borosilicate glass ros. Type-B Packing Support are combination of Glass & PTFE for their construction, thus maintaining maximum resistance to corrosion. # ur technical epartment will be please to offer further avice on the suitability of packing an loa carrying capacities. Column Sections For builing glass columns from to,it is possible to use type SECS or SECST column sections with integral packing support shelf or types PS pipe sections (see Chapter - Pipeline Components) in combination with support plates. SECST enotes column section with nozzle for thermometer pocket. All column sections are supplie complete without packing support. The packing support must be orere separately. Column sections an pipe sections may be use for the construction of columns of all nominal bores provie that the weight of the packing an retaine liqui oes not excee the loa-bearing capacity of the support. The esign of the support requires the use of a minimum size of the packing. TYPE A TYPE B H Recommene Packing Size Type SECS 1 1 SECST A A A A A B B SEB SEB SEB SEB SEB SEH 4 SEH 39

40 Column Components Support Plates for Pipe Sections If the free cross-section obtaine with the combination of column sections an packing supports are not large enough, then) an alternative is to use PS pipe sections in combination with fixe support plates. Each item comprises the glass supports plate, screwe ro with nuts an the special backing flange require for the assembly. This support plate provies high cross sectional area an more packing height. PTFE Reistributors Type A PTFE reistributors are installe in the same way as gaskets between two flat buttress en faces an therefore when using them, no gasket is require. Type B reistributors are fille on the column packing support shelf. PTFE Reistributors are use to prevent channeling in columns. 1 SEBE SEBE SEBE SEBE SEBE Column Packing-Rasching Ring Rasching Rings up to mm are of neutral glass. 30mm, mm an mm Rasching Rings are available only in borosilicate glass. Generally the ratio of column iameter to packing iameter shoul not be less than 8.1 In vacuum application an applications involving high vapor velocities, packing retainer (PTFE perforate plates) shoul be use above the packe section. 4 TYPE A TYPE B SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET 4 SET Packing Retainers (PTFE Perforate Plates) Packing retainers are installe above packe column section to prevent any carry-over of column packing. They are installe in the same way as gaskets between two flat buttress en faces. Packing retainers are manufacture from PTFE. They cannot be use as packing supports. Size 13 x13 15 x 15 x x x Bulk ensity (kg/l) Specific surface (m/m3) Glass Neutral Neutral Neutral Borosilicate Borosilicate SEFC 13 SEFC 15 SEFC SEFCB SEFCB FC FC Packing Size FC FCB 0 90 FCB 70 Column Section Size SECS /0 SECS /0 SECS /0 SECS /0 SECS /0 SECS 4/0 SECS /0 7 7 SECPP SECPP SECPP SECPP SECPP

41 Column Components Column Fee pipes Column fee pipes are esigne for application in which there is nee to introuce the process liqui at a single point. They are usually installe via a type SEPTU unequal tee piece (See Chapter of this catalogue-pipeline Components) an have a use in istribution tube which irects the flui own on to the centre of the column packing. Column fee pipe for columns up to are manufacture from borosilicate glass. Spray Fee Pipes ike column fee pipes, spray fee pipes are usually installe via a type SEPTU unequaly tee piece (see Chapter of this catalogue-pipeline Components) Spray Fee Sections Hole No. of holes SEFP SEFP SEFP SEFP SEFP SEFP 4 SEFP SEFR SEFR SEFR SEFR Hole Column Aaptors Flat Top No. of holes SEF SEF SEF SEF 4 SEF SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH / SEFH 4/ SEFH 4/ SEFH 4/ 41

42 Column Components Column Aaptors SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // Column with istribution Tray 1 1 SECA 4// SECA 4// SECA 4// SECA 4// SECA 4// SECA 4// SECA 4// SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // For larger nominal bore columns, particularly when packe with a ranom packing, we recommen using special liqui istributors an the reistribution of the liqui phase at intervals. These ensure that optimum mass transfer conitions are achieve. For liqui reistribution trays, special column section with three branches are available. These are etaile below. For istribution tray special fee sections are available which are installe above the packe column. Again, these are etaile together with information on special inlet fee pipes. The suspension of the istribution trays at three points with variable height allows accurate alignment, even after the complete column has been installe. Column Section for iqui Re-istribution Trays These special column sections (SECSV) are esigne specifically for use with type SEFV liqui re-istribution trays. They are supplie with three sies holing a liqui istribution tray on top an also with an optional thermometer branch (SECSTV) SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECA // SECSV /0 SECSV /0 SECSV 4/0 SECSV /0 SECSTV /0 SECSTV /0 SECSTV 4/0 SECSTV /0 4

43 Column Components iqui Re-istribution Trays When use below a PTFE re-istributor, (SET) these glass / PTFE istribution trays ensures return of the liqui from the ege of the column an optimum re-istribution. They are installe in type SECSV or SECSTV column section. The complete item comprises the tray, support fingers an coupling an gasket to fix them into position. Inlet Fee Pipes for Fee Sections These fee pipes are esigne specifically for use with the istribution trays (SEFVE) etaile above. The column fee pipes etaile on earlier page cannot be use in conjunction with these items Number SEFV SEFV SEFV 4 SEFV SEFVP SEFVP SEFVP 4 SEFVP istribution Trays for iqui Fee These glass / PTFE istribution trays together with type SEFVP inlet fee pipes etaile below are installe via type SEFVZ fee sections. They provie an even initial istribution over the column cross-section. The complete item comprises the trays, support fingers an Coupling an Fee Section for istribution Trays istribution plates for liqui fee (see above) together with inlet fee pipes, are installe via these special fee sections. They are basically unequal tee pieces with three aitional branches for installing the istribution plates an a branch for a thermometer Number SEFVE SEFVE SEFVE 4 SEFVE SEFVZ SEFVZ SEFVZ 4 SEFVZ 43

44 Column Components Reflux iviers Manual perate In these units, the reflux is ajuste by means of a valve on the outlet connection. When the valve is fully open the ivier is set to total istillate off-takke, since the reflux pipe is higher than the outlet connection. By regulating the valve reflux ratio can be continuous ajuste up to total reflux. A specific reflux ration cannot be set SETPG SETPG SET PG SET PG SET PG SET PG 0 1 TYPE A 1 1 Reflux iviers - Automatically perate In application where there is nee for the reflux to be at a fixe value, then it is avisable to fit an electro-magnetically or pneumatically operate Reflux iviers in conjunction with timer. Automatically controlle reflux iviers are etaile below. Reflux iviers - Magnetically perate This type of Retlux ivier uses a swinging funnel mechanism. The funnel, which has a soft iron core seale into it, is operate magnetically from outsie the column so that the conensate can be remove from the column an reflux returne to the column in correct ratio. Activation of the electro-magnet moves the funnel into the off-lake position. Main hole (3) is provie for SERHM an above sizes. is use for insertion of thermometer pocket. A liqui seals (SES) is recommene on the istillate outlet of this reflux ivier to prevent vapour passing irectly to prouct cooler an receivers. The electro-magnet an timer shoul be orere seperately TYPE B SERA SERA SERA SERA SERA SERA 4 Thermometer Pocket for Reflux ivier These thermometer pockets are use with Reflux ivier or Column Components SERHM SERHM SERHM SERHM SERHM SERHM 4 Electro-Magnets For use with SERHM reflux ivier the SERPA electro magnet can be use in hazarous areas. When 'N' the magnet attracts the swinging funnel of the reflux ivier so that istillate can be taken off. perating voltage : 0V They are mounte off the main tubular support structure using the ajustable fitting supplie. They shoul be locate just clear of the glass an line up with the marks on the boy of the reflux ivier. 44

45 Shyam Enterprises 5 CUPINGS 45

46 Couplings Introuction The couplings esigne for use with our glass process plant an pipeline components are of major importance from two main points of view. Ž Ž They must ensure that the bolt loa applie to the joint is sufficient to make an effective leakproof joint while not inucing uner stress on glass. They must be totally reliable in all service conitions. This chapter of the catalogue covers not only the necessary couplings to join glass process plant an pipeline components together but also the couplings neee to join glass to other materials. For glass plants installe in relatively corrosive environments, the ae avantage is the availability of couplings constructe form various materials incluing stainless steel an plastic. refers to the nominal bore. Unless otherwise all imensions are given in mm. For permissible operating conitions, unless otherwise state in the iniviual escriptions, please see chapter 1-Technical Information. Backing Flanges Backing flanges etaile in this chapter up to an incluing 4 are one piece units an for it is available in two pieces. Backing flanges are use to couple to glass en or to a bellow. Backing flanges are mae from cast iron an are use with inserts. SS Flanges can be mae available on request. Power coate flanges can also be supplie on request. ø x n Complete Coupling H The Complete coupling consists of two flanges, two inserts an the appropriate number of nuts, bolts an PTFE '' Ring (SETR). TYPE A The flanges are of cast iron an can be supplie with epoxy painting or power coate in improve resistance to corrosio, Flanges, Nuts, Bolts, Spring Washers can be supplie in Stainless Steel on request. ø x n Complete Coupling Flat Buttress Ens Glass piece Backing Flange H PC TYPE B Teflon Ring Insert H PC TYPE C Flanges Inserts PTFE '' Ring PC H ø x n Type 4 x SECF x SECF x SECF x SECF x SECF x SECF x SECF x SECF x SECF 4 x SECF x SECN x SECN x SECN x SECN x SECN x SECN x SECN x SECN x SECN 4 x SECN SETR SETR SETR SETR SETR SETR SETR SETR SETR 4 SETR SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT SECT 4 SECT x 3 x 3 x 3 x 6 x 6 11 x 6 11 x 8 11 x 1 14 x 1 14 x 1 A A A B B C C C C C SECF SECF SECF SECF SECF SECF SECF SECF SECF 4 SECF 46

47 Couplings Inserts Split ring type insert are use with backing flanges. These are mae of cast iron with PTFE impregnate rope. Insert from rubber material can also be supplie on request. 1 Gasket PTFE '' Rings PTFE '' Rings are the most wiely use gaskets. They are manufacture from pure, high quality PTFE an offer, like their counterparts on the following page, almost ientical properties corrosion resistance to borosilicate glass. H TYPE A 1 TYPE B 1 H H SETR SETR SETR SETR SETR SETR SETR SETR SETR 4 SETR TYPE C H Type A A A B B C C C C C SECN SECN SECN SECN SECN SECN SECN SECN SECN 4 SECN Quick Release Couplings There are always application where there is nee to open or close a coupling easily without the use of tools. Charging reaction vessel is prime example. Quick release couplings provie this facility whilst securing the lower backing flange against falling own. The flangesone of which has slotte bolt holesremain fixe on the glass an are separate by means of hinge quick release bolts an wing nuts. epening upon the frequency of opening, the sealing gasket may nee regular renewal. SECVS SECVS SECVS SECVS SECVS SECVS SECVS SECVS Aaptor Backing Flanges (XStrong Type) These Flanges mae of Cast Iron an supplie with a split ring. Aluminium flanges can be supplie on request. Please mention Cat.Ref. SECFA for cast iron an SEAFA for Aluminium flanges H H SECFA SECFA SECFA SECFA SECFA SECFA SECFA SECFA 47

48 Couplings Bellow Flanges These Flanges mae of Aluminium an are supplie with a split ring. C.I. (cast iron) Flanges can be supplie on request. Please mention Cat.Ref. SEABF for Aluminium flanges an SECBF for C.I. ( cast iron) flanges. Bellow flanges are use at both en of PTFE Bellow (SEFBN) for connecting glass to glass piping joint or use at one en of PTFE Bellow (SEFBF) for connecting glass to non glass piping joint ocking Bolt H SEBFA SEBFA SEBFA SEBFA SEBFA SEBFA SEBFA SEBFA 1 PC H PTFE Sheathe Gaskets These gaskets take form of a PTFE sheet fitte over compresse fibre carrier. When using this type of gasket, a higher bolting force is require for 4 an above. Please consult our Technical epartment for further information Aaptor Bellow Flanges These flange are use to connect glass components to flanges on other equipments where ifferent bolt configurations an/or PCs are require. The flanges can be supplie either unrille or rille to a particular specification. If require rille, the number of holes together with the PC shoul be specifie. These Flanges are mae of lluminium or cast iron an are supplie with a split ring. Please mention Cat.Ref. SEBFA for Aluminimum an SEBFC for Cast Irom Flanges. Aaptor Bellow Flanges are use at one en at PTFE Bellow (SEFBF) for connecting glass to Non-glass piping joint. 1 PC H H SEABF SEABF SEABF SEABF SEABF SEABF SEABF SEABF 4 SETMP SETMP SETMP SETMP SETMP SETMP SETMP SETMP SETMP 4 SETMP PTFE Bellows PTFE ayer Sheathe Gasket PTFE bellows are an important ai in the construction of glass plant an pipeline. They can be use to compensate for ifferent thermal movement between glass an associate equipment, absorb vibrations from associate equipment or Founation. When bellows are use, the support an restraint of the glass shoul be such that the force resulting from pressure/vacuum in the pipeline an forces resulting from movement of the bellows o not result in unue stresses in the glass. If any oubt, please consult our Technical epartment. All bellows are elivere complete with an appropriate flange assembly as etaile in the iagram an tables, incluing limiting bolts which ensure that the maximum permissible movement will not be exceee. It is essential that the limiting screws are not remove. The maximum operating temperature for PTFE bellows is C. 48

49 Couplings PTFE ine Bellows for Connecting Glass to Glass 1 PTFE Vacuum Bellows For pipeline an above operating uner vacuum the following vacuum bellows must be use. The vacuum resistance is achieve without o impairing the flexibility of the bellows. At maximum temperatures of 160 C these bellows can be use for vacuum up to 1 mbar absolute. These Bellow are provie with an internal sleeve which supports the convolutions without affecting the flexibility of the Bellow. PTFE Vacuum Bellows for Connecting Glass to Glass PTFE ine Bellows for Connecting Glass to ther Material SEFBN SEFBN SEFBN SEFBN SEFBN SEFBN SEFBN SEFBN PTFE Vacuum Bellows for Connecting Glass to ther Material SEVBN SEVBN SEVBN SEVBN SEVBN SEVBN SEFBF SEFBF SEFBF SEFBF SEFBF SEFBF SEFBF SEFBF SEVBF SEVBF SEVBF SEVBF SEVBF SEVBF 49

50 Couplings Metal / PTFE Spacers These components are use as interface spacers when conneting glass flat buttress en components to other process plant an pipeline an glass - line reaction vessels. A combination of steel, rubber an PTFE provie an ieal sealing surface with only PTFE coming into contact with the process fluis to maintain resistance to corrosion SEEMP SEEMP SEEMP 4 1

51 8 SUPPRTING STRUCTURES 51

52 Introuction Glass process plant pipeline an equipment are normally supporte in a tubular steel structure consisting of 'B' Class galvanize iron tubing together with the appropriate cast iron fittings, support frames an various other structural supports etaile in this chapter of the catalogue. The structural support system is also flexible enough to permit easy moification to suit changing nees, a factor greatly enhance by the introuction of open sie fittings in this catalogue. The items, etaile in this chapter of the catalogue together with the imensional an technical information an recommene assembly proceures will prove invaluable in the structural supports of glass process plant pipeline an equipment. normally refers to nominal bore. Unless otherwise state, all imensions are given in millimeters. S.S. or epoxy painte tubing an structural fittings can be provie on request. Galvenise tubes an cast iron fittings are stanar. Supporting Columns In the esign of tubular steel structure to support glass process plant an pipeline an equipment, a number of basic rules shoul be followe. 1. The structure shoul be rigi an shoul always be brace back to the nearest builing or other rigi structure to give lateral support. Particular care shoul be take when esigning structures which have to be free staning. Uner these circumstances, cross-bracing shoul be esigne in to the structure an we strongly recommen the use of our esign epartment.. All glass units are built up from a fixe point. The esign of this fixe point varies epening on the weight to be supporte. etails of the Various types of support use are given on the following pages. 3. Glass unit an their structures expan at ifferent rate as a result of change in temperature. The unit must, therefore, not be subjecte to any vertical restraint above the fixe point. ue to this guies are use which give lateral support without af fecting vertical movement of the glass relative to the supporting structure. The istance between guie frames must not excee 3meters. 4. The whole weight of a column must be taken up from the fixe point. This normally present no problem up to, but with larger columns it may be necessary to take up some of the weight by means of counterbalance supports. esign of Tubular Structures The iameter of Structure tubing to be use plus minimum imensions, i.e. with an length of tubular structures are etermine by the nominal size (Cylinrical Glass Components) or iameter (Spherical Vessels) an the with o the components they are esign to support. etails can be foun in the table below an the relative illustration. If aitional equipment or complicate pipe work nees to be accommoate in the structure appropriately larger sizes shoul be use. Structure imension for Column 4 Cylinrical Vessels Spherical Vessels Contents tr , 0, - Structure x W 0 x 0 0 x 0 x 700 x x 0 0 x 0 1 x 1 Heating Mental Support Structure Fitting Close sie fittings are use principally in conjunction with structure tubing to buil complete structures where the esign has been fixe prior to installation together with the necessary support frames, brackets, iagnol bracing an supports. In such cases sub-sequent moifications can only be carrie out on a restricte basis. If it is expecte at the time of the original installation that extensive moification my be require or will have to be carrie out subsequently, we recommen that the use of open sie structure at a later stages (e.g. Support frames) or extra fittings (e.g.brackets). We can supply of comprehensive range of close an open sie structure fittings to cater for the various applications an the many if ferent requirement encountere in practice. General ata Tube ia in "Inch" 3/4" 1" 1 " 11/4" " TEE 1/ BEN UBE TEE Supporting Structures W NB Size NB Tube Size 30 NB Tube Size 30 NB Tube Size 30 Column Support Tube ia In mm SGT SGT 30 SGT SGT SGBN SGBN 30 SGBN SGBN SGT SGT 30 SGT SGT W 5

53 Supporting Structures UBE BEN NB Tube Size 30 SGB SGB 30 SGB SGB ANGE SUPPRT NB Tube Size 30 SGASPT SGASPT 30 SGASPT SGASPT 4 WAY CRSS NB Tube Size 30 SGX SGX 30 SGX SGX BASE NB Tube Size 30 SGBS SGBS 30 SGBS SGBS UTER CUPER NB Tube Size 30 SGC SGC 30 SGC SGC RUBBER CSURE NB Tube Size 30 SGRC SGRC 30 SGRC SGRC pen sie Structure Fittings INNER CUPER NB Tube Size 30 SGIC SGIC 30 SGIC SGIC EQUA BRACKET NB Tube Size 30 SGBR SGBR 30 SGBR SGBR CRSS VE NB Tube Size 30 SGX SGX 30 SGX SGX UN EQUA BRACKET NB Tube Size 0/30 /30 / 30/ SGBRU 0/30 SGBRU /30 SGBRU / SGBRU 30/ SUPPRT NB Tube Size 0 30 SGSPT 0 SGSPT SGSPT 30 SGSPT PEN TEE NB Tube Size 30 SGT SGT 30 SGT SGT 53

54 Tubular Structures Supporting Structures Pipeline Rubber Supports Super Process Systems installation services staf f have been installing These support are use in conjunction with open sie structure fittings process plant pipeline an equipment for many years an consequentially have best experience in all aspects of glass plant installation an which gives the flexibility require in installation to support borosilicate glass pipe line components an heat exchanger. maintenance. The following recommenations are base on this This support consists of a split moule rubber collar, which grip the pipe experience but is offere purely as a guie. ocal conitions will always firmly, a 'U bolt an a back plate. prevail an may necessitate other methos of working particularly when tall Pipeline support are supplie with metal parts in galvenise iron. structures are involve an space is restricte. 1 Slie the fittings onto the vertical tubes in correct sequence an lightly tighten in approximate position. Rubber Part Assemble one sie frame of the structure by aing cross tubes of the correct length an ensure that any fittings require on the cross tubes are in position. Assemble other sie frame of the structure by MS Stu 3 aing the cross tubes between other two verticel tubes. 3 Buil up the cross tubes to from the ens of the structure. 4 A the remaining vertical tubes an cross tubes to complete the structure an tighten all the fittings. 1 5 Hoist the structure to the working position. Check against the MS rawing. When hoisting, attach the tackle to the narrower sie of the Plate structure to minimise bening. 6 Place the support frames in position an brace or tie it to some existing feature, an ajust as necessary to obtain a plumb an level structure. 1 3 Generally, this type of structure is not free-staning an shoul be brace to existing steel work or builings. The structure feet shoul also be secure SGRS SGRS to the groun SGRS SGRS SGRS SGRS SGRS SGRS 3 4 Bracni g in Wall

55 Shyam Enterprises 9 PACKAGE UNIT 55

56 Package Unit Reaction istillation Unit VENT The Unit has been esigne to suit the customers requirement of combination of versatile reaction/istillation or combination for pilot plant work. This has a flexibility of working at atmospheric pressure as well as uner vacuum. Typical unit has a reaction vessel fitte in a Metal Heating/Cooling bath having facility for heating an cooling both by means of Heating/Cooling Fluis as a meia. The Stanar system is equippe with stirrer having mechanical seal,a packe column on the sie neck of the vessel, reflux ivier, coil type conenser an or receiver system having a prouct, cooler, vent, rain an vacuum valves, ptions of or spee variator by machanical variator or electronic variator can be provie. Receiver System is equippe with Prouct Cooler, Vent / Vacuum Valve an rain Valve. The above units are available in tr./0 tr./ tr./ tr./ tr. Capacity with Spherical Reactor an up to 0 tr. capacity with Cylinrical Reactor. CNENSER REFUX IVIER FAME PRF MTR WITH GEAR BX PACKE CUMN CW CWI ANGE VAVE PRUCT CER Reactor Vessel Capacity tr. 0 tr. tr. tr. tr. Packe Column in mm x 0 x 0 x 0 x 0 x 0 Conenser HTA Prouct Cooler HTA in M in M Receiver Capacity tr.x nos. 5 tr.x nos. tr.x nos. 0 tr.x nos. 0 tr.x nos. ptional Items : Heating mantle instea of jackete heating / cooling bath. Simple rain Valve instea of flush bottom valve. MS PTFE line stirrer instea of glass stirrer. Variable frequency rive for variable spee. Aition Vessel tr. 5 tr. tr. 0 tr. 0 tr. SERU SERU 0 SERU SERU SERU AITINA VESSE ANGE VAVE CHUCK & SEA ASSY. WITH MECH. SEA IP PIPE PTFE BEW FUSH BTTM VAVE VENT VAVE VENT VAVE JACKETE HEATING/ CING BATH VENT VAVE RECEIVER INE VAVE VENT VAVE RECEIVER RAIN VAVE Fractional istillation Unit : VENT This unit is typically use for only istillation an Fractionation uner vacuum or at atmospheric pressure. Typical unit has istillation vessel fitte in a Metal Heating / Cooling bath an with a Packe column above Reflux ivier an coil conensors are fitte on the packe column. Conense material is either taken back to the vessel or to the receiver via prouct cooler. The above units are available in tr. / 0 tr./ tr./ tr./ tr. capacity Spherical Vessels an upto 0 tr. Capacity with Cylinrical Vessel. CNENSER REFUX IVIER CW CWI ANGE VAVE Reactor Vessel Capacity tr. 0 tr. tr. tr. tr. Packe Column in mm x 0 x 0 x 0 x 0 x 0 Conenser HTA Prouct Cooler HTA in M in M Receiver Capacity tr.x nos. 5 tr.x nos. tr.x nos. 0 tr.x nos. 0 tr.x nos. Aition Vessel tr. 5 tr. tr. 0 tr. 0 tr. SEFU SEFU 0 SEFU SEFU SEFU AITINA VESSE PACKE CUMN VENT VAVE PRUCT CER VENT VAVE RECEIVER ptional Items : Heating mantle instea of jackete heating / cooling bath. Simple rain Valve instea of flush bottom valve. ANGE VAVE IP PIPE PTFE BEW VENT VAVE INE VAVE VENT VAVE RECEIVER JACKETE HEATING/ CING BATH FUSH BTTM VAVE RAIN VAVE 56

57 Package Unit Bromine Recovery Plant VENT Bromine being a highly reactive material, fins wie applications in many Chemical Inustries like, rganic Intermeiates, yestuffs, Agrochemical, Fire retarants etc. Bromine can be recovere from Ž Inustrial Bromies (NaBr, KBr, HBr.) Ž Bittern Aqueous Bromie solution is reacte with chlorine vapour in reaction column. The Chlorine liberates elemental bromine from the issolve bromie. This is strippe out by live steam fee from the bottom of column. Crue bromine is then istille to get Bromine purity of minimum 99.5%. The solution is not always so simple though, as fees are often containmate with organic material from process. These organic impurities have to be remove by pre-treatment before feeing to the plant. Typical plant consists of stripping column, Heat Exchangers Phase Separator, Purification Column collection pot, Reboiler, Scrubber with associate Glass Piping an Fittings. All wefte components are mae from Borosilicate glass an PTFE which are corrosion resistant even at elevate temperature. SCRIBBER RTAMETER PUMP STRPPING CUMN STEAM CNENSR CRUE BRMINE RECEIVER CHRNE GAS CER T EFFUENT PANT CEAR ACIIC TREATE FEE IQUR VENT CNENSR REBIER CNENSR PURE BRMINE RECEIVER PURFICATIN CUMN PURE BRMINE RECEIVER Sulphuric Aci ilution Unit : The ilution chamber illustrate in figure has the capability of iluting aci of any concentration to prouce sulfuric aci of any esire concentration. The system consist of ilution Chamber, Heat Exchanger, Receiver & Circulation of ilute aci Pump (ptional) with associate Glass Pipelines, Valves & Fittings. ilution Chambers is use for iluting concentrate Sulphuric aci to the esire concentration an the Heat Exchanger is use for bringing own the temperature of ilute aci to esire temperature (When the concentrate aci mixe with water, large amounts of heat are release. ) The Heat Exchanger is either of Shell an Tube type or Coil Type. The aci shoul be ae slowly to col water to limit the builup of heat H S4 INET IUTE H S4 IUTIN CHAMBER WATER INET CING WATER UTET SHE AN TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER CING WATER INET IUTE ACI RECEIVER PRUCT ACI CIRCUATIN PUMP 57

58 Package Unit Gas Absorber - Aiabatic Type Hyrogen Chlorie is very soluble in water but it's absorption is complicate by the high heat of solution an the high partial pressure over warm concentrate solutions. In practice, the basic problem in making concentrate solutions is one of efficient heat removal. In this type of absorber, the heat of absorption is remove by evaporation of water an aci in the column. The vapour being conense is ilute with 'makeup' therefore mostly remove via conenser. Concentration an cooling of the liqui phase is assiste by evaporation of water to maintain the vapour/liqui equilibrium in the lower part of the packe section. The arrangement of the absorber is common to all sizes in the range. The gas is introuce into the column at a point below the packe section an rises counter current to a own comer stream of aci. 'Makeup' water enters above the conenser an in ert gases are vente from the hea of the column. The hot concentrate proucts is passe through an aci cooler before flowing to a storage tank. PRUCT CUMN AAPTR 'MAKE' WATER IN CENT IN CENT UT HEAT EXCHANGER CENT IN PACKE CUMN GAS IN CENT UT HEAT EXCHANGER CENT IN CUMN AAPTR RAIN VAVE Gas Absorber - Falling Film Type Hyerogen chlorie fee gas is being allowe to enter from the inlet provie on the upper en of ABSRBER. This gas falls own along with the water insie the vertical parallel glass tubes. This arrangement provies more effective absorption as cooling of ilute aci an absorption of hyrogen chlorie gas are taking place simultaneously. It has got more solubility in water at lower temperature. In this way ABSRBER work as a number of water coole wette wall columns in parallel. The basic principle involve is falling film absorption which have : Ž ability to absorb large loaings of gas flow. Ž capacity to prouce strong aci with minimum vent losses. since absorption is effecte at a low temperature. ABSRBER consists of a vertical Shell an Tube Heat Exchanger incorporating economical esign consierations. Compactness an light weight are the aitional features. Area of Application Hyrogen Chlorie Gas Absorption. HCI GAS AT AMBIENT TEMP FAING FIM ABSRBER VENT CANT UT CANT IN RTAMETER VENTURI SCRUBBER Hyrogen Chlorie Gas / Sulphur ioxie Gas Absorption Hyrogen Chlorie Gas/Chlorine Gas Absorption MAKE UP T FINA STRAGE Hyrogen Chlorie Gas/ Sulphur ioxie / Cl Absorption Hyrogen Bromie Gas Absorption TANK WATER / 30% HCI RECIRCUATIN PUMP 58

59 Package Unit HCl Gas Generation Unit (Sulphuric Route) : 'Shyam' Supplies Various ry HCl gas generation plant base on if ferent capacities ranging from 5kg./hr. to kg./hr. 30% HCl an 98% Sulphuric aci are fe to the Mixing Zone by the metering pump or from verhea tank through Rotameter epening upon the customer requirement an site height availability. The HCl an HS4 fee are mixe prior to entry into the Reaction zone (Falling Film Tubular Heat Exchanger). The spent Sulphuric aci from the bottom of the Falling Film Tubular Exchanger is coole in the Heat Exchanger, prior to ischarge. The iqui Cooler uses cooling water for cooling uty. The HCl gas generate in the Falling Film Tubular Heat Exchanger comes in contact with Conc. HS4 in the rying Zone (ehyrating packe column) Initial rying of the HCl gas takes place in this section. HCl gas from the top of the ehyrating column is passe through Sulphuric Aci trap to minimize the moisture content in HCl Gas. There are no moving parts in the entire system. The utility requirements as well as floor space requirements for the Plant are minimum. All the wette parts of the system are fabricate from corrosion resistant materials (glass/ptfe) for the process conitions envisage. 30% HCI TANK PUMP RTAMETER H S 4TANK CNC. PUMP 98% H S4 INET RYING ZNE 30% HCI INET MIXING ZNE RTAMETER TI MIST EIMINATR TI CWR SPENT HCI CER CWS SUPHURIC ACI TRAP RY HCI GAS RTAMETER SPENT SUPHURIC ACI UTET HCl Gas Generation Unit (Boiling Route) HCI T REACTR 'Shyam Supplies Various ry HCl gas generation plant base on if ferent capacities ranging from 5kg./hr. to kg./hr. 30% HCl is fe to the unit continuously by the Pump or through verhea tank epening upon the customer requirement an site height availability. 0-1% Azeotropic HCl/Water mixture is forme into Thermosyphon Reboiler by boiling 30% HCl. By prouct 0-1% spent Hyrochloric aci is continuously ischarge from the bottom of the stripping column. The 0% spent HCl is coole by an aci cooler prior to ischarge into an intermeiate spent aci storage tank. HEAT EXCHANGER BRINE IN BRINE IN CWI CNC.HCl IQUR 30% HCI BRINE UT BRINE UT CW AZETRPIC ISTIATIN CUMN RTAMETER The conensation system at top of column consists of : TP 1. Cooling Water Conenser. Chille Water Conenser 3. Chille Brine Conenser CWI CW SPENT HCI CER CNE. STEAM HCI REBIER Chille Brine is to be provie to remove the moisture from the HCl gas. If chille Brine is not available, Sulphuric aci trap is to be provie to remove the moisture from the gas generate. The Prouct ry HCl gas is ischarge at atmospheric pressure an goes to ownstream equipment. All the wefte parts of the system are fabricate from corrosion resistant materials (Glass/PTFE) for the process conitions envisage. CNC.HCI IQUR TANK RTAMETER CNC. HCI PUMP SPENT HCI TANK SPENT HCI PUMP 0% HCI FR ISPSA 59

60 Package Unit istillation Assembly on Glass ine Reactor The type of Typical unit is mounte on a Vapour nozzle of Glassline Reactor. The assembly has a Glass Packe Column to enhance istillation. Reflux ivier an Reflux Conenser with twin receiver system is to facilitate working uner vacuum or at atmospheric pressure. Receiver System is equippe with Prouct Cooler. Vent/Vacuum Valve an rain Valve. VENT VENT PTFE INE BEW HEAT EXCHANGER CW HEAT EXCHANGER CW UTET SHE & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER CWI CWI INET REFUX IVIER PACKE CUMN ANGE VAVE PRUCT CER FEE PIPE REFUX INE INE VAVE INE BEW INE VAVE IP PIPE RAIN VAVE VENT VAVE VENT VAVE RECEIVING FASK RECEIVER VESSE HER PTFE BEW RAIN VAVE RECEIVING FASK PTFE BEW RAIN VAVE REACTR REACTR PTIN - I PTIN - II 60

61 Shyam Enterprises Rotary Film Evaporators 61