FORMAL CITY Singapore s core business and financial centre. FORMAL CITY IS MEAN TO BE AN IDEAL CITY THAT FOLLOWS THE RULE AND TO BE PREFECT.

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1 FORMAL CITY Singapore s core business and financial centre. FORMAL CITY IS MEAN TO BE AN IDEAL CITY THAT FOLLOWS THE RULE AND TO BE PREFECT. EVERYTHING IS RESTRICTED AND HAD TO FOLLOW THE REGULATION.

2 The CBD is Singapore s business and financial district and home to leading international businesses and financial institutions.

3 CONTENT FIGURE GROUND ANALYSIS URBAN GRAIN COLLAGE CITY SERIAL VISION 7 OBJECTIVE 6 DIMENSION

4 FIGURE GROUND ANALYSIS

5 CURVILINEAR TYPOLOGY IRREGULAR GRID PATTERN BROKEN APART BY CURVILINEAR RIVER TO ESTABLISH EDGES Of GRID. OPEN SPACES ARE DEFINED BY THE BUILT FORM GRID AND CURVILINEAR MOVEMENT PATTERN CHARACTERIZED BY URBAN GRID AND CURVILLINEAR RIVER. DIVERSITY OF BUILT FORM -Morphological dimension - Modular block along the grid line Pathway of pedestrian access and spaces of activity all has its own set back.

6 URBAN GRAIN COARSE GRAIN Large and infrequent - Street block of different size and configuration

7 1. CONTEMPERORY - Pre-shaped parcels (plot size) forming a pattern determined by use, and arrange in an organic form with appropriate spacing, bulk, and vertical dimension. Large building lots were placed irregular on the planned grid, Height and façade all irregular but the land use were almost all similar 2. TRADITIONAL = the field of blocks forms a carpet pattern of recognizable coherent textures that define a center. orderly space of smaller lots in fragmented parallel TYPOLOGY

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9 COLLAGE CITY

10 Scales of the street Strict to Ease

11 This space between building are wider. show that these space are mainly catered for vehicular access rather than pedestrian circulation

12 LAND USE DENSITY -- Overall site provide reasonable public spaces along the Church street - Towards South east of the church street, the Marina Blvd, there are plenty of spaces, this places represent car park, retails, commercial, office development

13 The CBD is predominantly zoned for Commercial use to ensure a critical mass of office uses to reinforce the positioning of the area as Singapore s core business and financial centre. To enliven the CBD, complementary supporting uses (e.g. hotel and residential) can be considered at the fringe areas. Beside the edge of commercial district. Kevin lynch s edge define different district

14 SCALE HEIGHT MASSING

15 Public surveillance Social dimension formal restricted to time frame Security Density of pedestrian usage

16 Weekdays active between working hour only - Not safe after working hours Weekends - Active most of the time. - Compare to weekdays it is more compact on weekends

17 SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT - ACTIVITY

18 Functional Dimension Spatial To create vibrant precincts formal, professional, attractive and pedestrian-friendly streets, activity-generating uses, such as retail, food & beverage, entertainment, sport and recreation (such as gymnasiums and fitness centres, etc.) and other similar uses are to be provided at the following locations: The 1st storey of developments fronting key streets, pedestrian malls and public spaces; and Alongside the underground pedestrian links at the basement levels of the developments are also encouraged alongside elevated pedestrian links The car park will put behind the building or hide by the façade to create a vibrant of formality The plinths of the city are the ground floors that negotiate between the inside and the outside, between the public and the private: this is the city at eye level. Plinths are extremely important for the urban experience, which in turn is an important driver for the urban economy. As for the context with modern high rise urban character, the directness of the pedestrian connection to the building is integrated into thoroughfare street side with stoops, arcades and cafe.

19 3 2 1 OPEN SPACES ANALYSIS

20 LINEAR INTERSTITIAL SPACE LEADING DIFFUSED INTERSTITIAL SPACE ALLOW PEDESTRAIN HAD A REST OR GATHER ENCLOSED INTERSTITIAL SPACE SECURE

21 MOVEMENT PATTERN

22 GRID - Curvilinear Loop Pattern along river frontage -Conventional Grid Pattern continuous of the urban grid Layout Structure

23 Spatial structure - Main road is connected with the MRT station

24 The busy area due to main road giving priority to vehicular access over pedestrian access makes it difficulties expansion as permeability is restricted to certain points. - FORMAL MOVEMENT PATTERN RESTRICTED THE ACESSFROM BOTH SIDE OF THE STREETS. - This space between building are wider. show that these space are mainly catered for vehicular access rather than pedestrian circulation The continuity of many path is disrupted by Church street - This paths within the town centre demonstrate free flow of movement regardless of traffic barriers - It is also clear that this area caters towards pedestrian circulation not only for the numerous public spaces but the tighter alignment of building for limited vehicular access. Selected developments provide through-block links or view corridors to break down the scale and improve permeability of the street block. Permeability Good permeability -Direct link with many short travel distance - No dead ends but with lots of route option

25 Serial Vision

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27 FORM STRICT TO CASUAL

28 Street view point 1: The formal city of Rigidity 1

29 Street view point 1 : The Dense and Compactness of the Buildings The tall buildings are close to one another and separate by the traffic road. The consistent arrangement of buildings make the typology looks formal. F1

30 Street view point 2: The Ideal City of Perfection At the road junction, the building apex at the corner is not as edgy as the building along the street, thus giving a feeling of comfortable when turning around the corner. 2

31 Street view point 2 : The Contrast in Proportion The contrast of contemporary high rise building around with Raffles MRT station which is one of the few historical building at Marina commercial center. F2 The surrounding area show contrast in building proportion between MRT station and high rise building around.

32 Street View Point 3: The Difference in Hierarchy of buildings The hierarchy of buildings along this street shows high rise building skyline at the front part of the street and more low rise building skyline at the later part of the street. The changing of hierarchy shows the city typology. 3

33 ACTIVITIES - LIVE,WORK, PLACE

34 Street view point 1 1

35 A1 Street View Point 1 : Combination of works, plays and live make the site more lively and freedom. Contrast of activities at the Marina Boulevard which is a business centre while Marina Bay Sands plays the role in entertainment activities. Formal & orderly routine is found in the business centre while at the area in Marina Bay sands has a more chaotic routine.

36 1 Street View Point 2

37 Street View Point 2 : Combination of works, plays and live make the site more lively and freedom. A2 Majorly, there are two types of activities which is outdoor activities ( recreation activities - cycling, jogging, fishing, transportation and pedestrian. The cycling path acts as a transition space that consists of soft scape with trees and bushes.

38 Street View Point 3 3

39 A3 Street View Point 3 : Combination of the soft scape with the hard scape neutralize the environment to be more lively.

40 Connection of building and softscape was shown in these 3 pictures. The cycling path along the buildings create a public space for people to carry out various outdoor activities, while the sculpture around the tall building smooth out the hard landscape and brings attraction to the area.

41 Street View Point 4 4

42 Street View Point 4 : Combination of the activities of work and relax. There are several distinguish sculptures and historical buildings that act as landmarks at the site of the MRT station & significant enough to attract people to the site for photography and recreation, hence not even a small open space in between the building is wasted.

43 5 Street View Point 5

44 5A Street View Point 5 : Showing the life of the workers at the site about how and where they spending their leisure time. The food court beside the main road is the only public food centre for the area. It acts as a public gathering spaces for the office workers around.

45 Street View Point 6 6

46 6A Street View Point 6 : The soft-scape combine with the hard-scape neutralise the environment to be more lively. The pathway in front of the building beside the busy roadside lead the community into the building. Commonly, there are more attractive landscape architecture at the lower building to neutralize the compactness of the high rise buildings.

47 7 Street View Point 7

48 Street View Point 7 : The connection spaces giving a freedom to the workers access to the neighborhood. A7 The spaces within the commercial building and the historical building act as a connector of business activities which represent by contemporary buildings and commercial activities which represent by buildings at China street at the back of contemporary buildings.

49 The journey of this street commence with a grand opening, hence giving a panoramic view & an overall view of the streetscape. The latter of the street is embrace with softscape of greeneries and individual building function of private and public spaces as the road converging further. Further down the street, there is a turning point where the road pattern is diverge into smaller spaces of more private with less open spaces & activities.

50 7 OBJECTIVE

51 Character The scale, texture and colour of building materials reflects an area s special function and character. The existing layout of an area reflects its history, functions and connections with adjoining areas. Senses -Modern/simplicity/clear -Transparency/reflective -Smooth - Neat and Clean appearance Inviting -Stimulate your imagination& curiosity

52 Continuity (A place where public and private spaces are clearly distinguished) to promote the continuity of street frontages and the enclosure of space by development which clearly defines private and public areas. CONTINUOUS SIDE WALK

53 Enclosure Buildings which follow a continuous building line around a street block and contain the private space within back yards or courtyards are often more successful than individual buildings that stand in the middle of a site. Buildings with live edges, such as shop fronts, doors directly to the street, or residential upper floors, enable people to keep an eye on public space and make it feel safer Building entrances that are clearly identifiable contribute to the ease of understanding a place. Entrances are where people move between public and private space and create activity on the street. Direct access to the street from ground floor premises rather than by way of communal entrances, can reduce the length of blank facades.

54 Quality of the Public Realm This area immediately fronting the waterfront along Marina Boulevard is used as an interim event space and public gathering space during major national events, such as the Marina Bay Countdown every 31st December. The Marina Bay FUNCTIONAL DIMENSION

55 LEGIBILITY Landmark Gateway Focal point to promote legibility through development that provides recognizable routes, intersections and landmarks to help people find their way around. (Landmarks, gateways and focal points help people find their way. Vistas create visual links between places. Planting can emphasize pedestrian routes. Visible routes and destinations, and a visible choice of routes, will contribute to making a place feel safe and unthreatening. Places where form, layout and signage make them easy to understand are likely both to function well and to be pleasant to live in or visit.)

56 to promote adaptability through development that can respond to changing social, technological and economic conditions. Places should be capable of being used for a range of activities. Well-designed public spaces allow for different uses, such as events, festivals and markets at different time ( day lunch, gathering space night entertainment ) The central square in front of Raffles Place is always bustling with activities and events EXP FLASH MOP. Adaptability Raffles Place

57 mix of uses is achieved where the uses help to create a balanced community with a range of services, without increasing reliance on the car. Diversity

58 6 DIMENSION

59 Social dimension NECCESARY OPTIONAL SOCIAL Optional significant degree on what the place has to offer and how it makes people behave and feel about it TOURIST - walk around randomly at the restricted open space. Social ACTIVITY and event on the prearrange area Necessary public spaces function as meeting place, market place and access/ traffic space. Market placeunderground shopping mall (integrate with residential living)access/ Traffic space- Underground MRT and MRT station such as Raffles Place and Marina Bay WORKER know where to go everyday and all time is set

60 Visual dimension Temporal dimension Functional dimension Perceptual dimension

61 VISUAL DIMENSION Container, activity, historical significance, ambience The diffuse open space with the building blocks TEMPORAL DIMENSION -Designers have remarkable power to affect the perception of time by arranging objects in space, by setting dimensions, designing textures, selecting colors, and manipulating light PERCEPTUAL DIMENSION -On the identity of places: E Relph the essential quality of place was its power to order and to focus human intentions, experience, and behavior spatially Physical feature / appearance, observable activities and function and meaning / symbols. One of the identity of church street is the open ground floor accessibility for living, working and play which are convenient and ideal to not having edge only for a certain activity use. Raffles Place marks the identity of the street because by having the historical building incorporating with all the high rise building.

62 FUNCTIONAL DIMENSION Need in public space Comfort Sufficient seating place at the park and public open space at raffles place station. -relaxation Park for people to seek for liveliness and engagement with the city and its people. Natural feature such as tree are dominant factor to offer opportunity for retreat and relaxation shade cast by tree, enjoying the greenery allowing the public use of the park. Natural element such as water at the promontory allowed people to sit or stand there to enjoy the view. -passive and active engagement Passive engagement such as street corner that involves looking rather than talking and doing. People tends to sit at the water fountain to just sit and look at the passer by. The public art at the raffles place create a passive engagement with the public. It shows the concern the physical and aesthetic quality of site involve viewing public art or compelling landscape. Active engagement at the marina bay has provide an active recreational need, the jogging path, bicycle lanes are from of active use. Ceremony, celebration and festivity are qualities people seek in urban place. The Hong Lim park has full fill people need of joyousness to refresh their life. During public speaking, people will gather at the public park. -discovery The desire of stimulation and delight of new, pleasurable experience. The major aspects of discovery are diversity in physical design and the changing vistas.

63 Modular block along the grid line Pathway of pedestrian access and spaces of activity all has its own set back. Morphological dimension

64 The most significant feature of formal would be the balance in the city character, open ground floor that allow permeability and solid-void relationship that creates a good visual and diversity of the use and user. CONCLUSION SINGAPORE S CBD IS DESIGNED TO BE FORMAL. IN ITS FORM, MOVEMENT PATTERN AND ACTIVITY.

65 Tales of Wish CHIN YIN HUEI Compare to others cities, I'll prefer Singapore as they have more concern about the permeability and accessibility between pedestrian to the public realm. Besides, the city also have emergence of conservation resulted in an increased concern and respect for the uniqueness of places and their history and in large part was instrumental in the evolution of the contemporary concept of urban design, which attempts to respond to the exiting sense of place. TAN LAY SHANG i like the city of Singapore because it is well panned with good public transport, building form and space connectivity. The preservation of the historical building by remain it facade and change it function has completely make the city to be balance in term of the old and new. CHUAH CHU YING I would like to choose Singapore as my favorite city because of its well city planning with good public transportation and well connected pedestrian walkway which is much more safer and convenience to the citizen. Besides, their good urban city design with clean and neat building façade is very inspiring me to the city

66 Tales of Wish ELEANOR NG CUI SHAN I like Singapore because it's a city of green, a green city that have designated system that enable people to not only experience the hard scape but the soft scape as well with the greeneries all around the small island. The Singapore city reduces the carbon footprint.the form,open spaces and transportation in Singapore are well planned and convenient which include the MRT and bus. KHOO CHEE MEI I like the city of Singapore because has convenient transportation and integration between public and private spaces is good. The transition of spaces between open and closed area is surprisingly smooth. Moreover, the planning of zoning and spatial organization is well planned and organized.

67 THANKS FOR LISTENING Chin Yin Huei Tan Lay Shang Chuah Chu Ying Eleanor Ng Khoo Chee Mei