Peaches. Plums & Apricots. Pears. Cherries. Apples. Poor hardiness Try Contender or Reliance or seedling? Little or no pruning and spraying!

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1 Preston Colver

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3 Plums & Apricots Little or no pruning and spraying! Pears Wants to grow tall Apples Most intensive management Most varieties available Peaches Poor hardiness Try Contender or Reliance or seedling? Cherries Birds get them Poor health

4 Quince & Flowering Quince Like a harder, drier apple/ pear Great for pies and jams Serviceberry / Juneberry Blueberry substitute Crabapple Dolgo, Chestnut, Whitney Pollinator Jujube Very drought tolerant Pawpaw Tastes like banana Hardy Kiwi Small and Fuzz-less Eat like grapes

5 Source of protein and fat Easy to manage & harvest Stores well Walnut Hazelnut Black Walnut Butternut Heartnut Yellowhorn Grows Well Chestnuts Hickory Pecan Almond Pistachios? Questionable

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7 Soil Type Hardiness Rootstock Disease Resistance Drought Tolerance Anchorage Size / Spacing Variety Temperatures Disease Resistance Harvest Period

8 Vigorous & Semi-Vigorous Seedling (100%) Bud 118 (80%) Hardy Handles dry, gravely soils EMLA 106 (70%) Hardy Some disease resistance EMLA 7 (60%) Hardy Disease resistant Lots of suckers Dwarf & Semi-Dwarf Bud 9 (35%) Very Hardy Very disease resistant G 41 (35%) Cold Hardy Fireblight Resistant M 9 (40%) EMLA 26 (45%) Most common Easily drought stressed Prone to disease

9 Gala Fuji At the grocery store Jonathan Braeburn Cameo Red Delicious Golden Delicious Granny Smith Have you ever heard of? Ashmead s Kernel Cox s Orange Pippin Arkansas Black Cortland Bramley s Seedling Gravenstein Wolf River Spitzenberg

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11 Mostly apples some other fruit trees Very good choice of rootstocks LOTS of great info varieties of apples Other fruit trees as well Minimal rootstock info Many kinds of fruits & nuts High quality trees Minimal rootstock info Wholesale nursery Apples, peaches, cherries, etc. Great selection of rootstocks Focus on sustainable food crops No rootstocks to choose Lots of exotics Specifies rootstocks Lots of exotics Specifies rootstocks Lots of exotics Usual selection Some choice of rootstocks

12 Anderson Seed & Garden Zollinger Fruit & Tree Farm Lowe s / Home Depot??? The Green House Cove Meadow Farm Fonnesbeck s Nursery

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14 Free Preserve a dying tree Get something from a friend Multiple varieties on one tree Photo: M&Y

15 Multiple Techniques Budding Cleft graft Knife Grafting tool Multiple Tools

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17 Dig a bowl not a hole Remove all packing materials Expose the trunk flare Cut circling roots Plant the tree at grade or higher never lower! Never fertilize or add soil amendments Gently press soil in don t pack Water deeply & infrequently Do not leave stakes for more than 3-6 growing months

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19 NEVER prune out more than 33% of the living canopy in any given year Use 20-25% as your usual maximum with 10-15% being a comfortable norm. Always strive for overall balance throughout the canopy. Balance both vertically and radially. Don t be afraid to remove an entire branch/limb. Learn by doing If you can say, I m going to make this cut because, and fill in that blank with a good reason, then go for it! MAKE GOOD CUTS! (see the next slide)

20 Use the triple cut shown to the right to remove the weight of the branch first Your final cut should be perpendicular to the piece you re cutting Avoid cutting flush to the trunk Avoid tearing the bark below your final cut 1 2 3

21 Always cut out dead, diseased or broken branches. Try to encourage good structure of the main limbs (see diagrams). With fruit trees, cut branches that shoot vertically. Learn by doing If you can say, I m going to make this cut because, and fill in that blank with a good reason, then go for it! Good structure Poor structure

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24 705 Park Dr, Hyrum ISA Certified Arborist since National Collegiate Tree Climbing Champion BS- Plant Science, 2010 Currently USU taking care of all 5,500 trees on campus