Green blue Infrastructure and Ecosystem services

Transcription

1 Green blue Infrastructure and Ecosystem services 2 Case studies climate adaptation 2005 and Greening the innercity 2012 Nico Tillie, Landscape Architect, Sust. Dev. & Climate design, City of Rotterdam PhD candidate Livable fossil energy free cities, Delft University of Technology icw Dr. Niki Frantzeskaki Drift, Erasmus University Rotterdam 1

2 Some Challenges irt ecosystem services Urbanization and Landuse Sea level rise Stormwater Urban Heat Island Airquality Public health and acces to green space Biodiversity Recreation

3 History and relation with the water Rotterdam dam, port and watercity North Sea Flood hills 100 ad ad Dikebuilidng ad

4 Groundwater Water is coming to Rotterdam Precipitation

5 Sea and safety Dunes (natural and artificially induced) Dikes Technical solutions i.e. floodbarriers Risk used to be 1: years, now riskmanagement

6 Rivers and safety and relation to Eco system services Former innersea, now freshwaterreserve AMSTERDAM floodbarrieres ROTTERDAM Upstream waterretention and freshwaterreserves and one of Europe s biggest wetland nature reserves

7 The Challenge: how to solve the water and the spatial economic social problem? 21e century version of the Singelplan Rose from 1850 s? In the middle of the 19the century thousands of people died in Rotterdam of the cholera-disease. The city-architect Rose, together with the engineers of the city made a plan that not only solved the waterproblems, but also made it possible to make more new houses for the people, make a route for making wanderings.

8 The Challenge Singels more than 150 years later The singels still have a great quality, and the houses along the singels are still the best appreciated and wanted houses in Rotterdam.

9 1. Research; facts and figures on water the amount of storage capacity that has to be added in 2050, calculated by the Water Boards.

10 Other problems and link to Ecosystem services Problem: Many people with low income and low education levels, Harbourcity in transition The neighbourhoods which are coloured red, people say they are unsatisfied with their living environment and they have the feeling things are getting worse. The colour orange is for the neighbourhoods where people say they are not satisfied with their livingconditions, but they see a positive change in the development of the neigbourhood over the last few years.

11 Watersolutions good housing + public space + watertransport 2. Future vision Rotterdam Watercity 2035 Singelcity and sponge Rivercity Canalcity

12 3. Implementation and innovations Waterliving and canals for transport watersquares green/water roofs sponge buildings

13 Different way of investing money

14 Studies from de rbanisten, Florian Boer icw city of Rotterdam

15 typology 3: Open Networks And network squares or even streets transports rainwater, most of the time for example to open watersquarres. All these examples are only a short view into a major study about watersquarres we did last years with designstudios VHP and Urban Affairs

16 Study from the 'De urbanisten' Rotterdam Watersquare finished in nov 2012

17 Watersquare finished in nov 2012 Study from the 'De urbanisten' Rotterdam

18 Watersquare finished in nov 2012 Study from the 'De urbanisten' Rotterdam

19 Underground waterstorage for sewage overflow to avoid contamination of the water network built in m3

20 A dike with shops below and a roof garden to link the waterfront to the neighborhood: built in 2012

21 What s in it for Rotterdam? Waterquality good, no overflows. enough storagecapacity for heavy rainfall enough seasonal storagecapacity Little fluctuations in groundlevel water Watersolutions for 365 days a year More houses in the city, Beter quality houses, New typology housingareas, realized the housingareas we were in need of

22 Attractive city center, more houses and emploment near the river new public transport nodes where water and land transport meet recreationel connections a new recreational landscape with a authentic identity a new network for little boats reduction of heatisland effect Etc..

23 MUSIC Project and IABR 2012 Densification plus Greenification = sustainable city? Martin Aarts, Nico Tillie City of Rotterdam

24 Densyfying and greening the innercity? (Rotterdam inner city many offices few residential! Only 50% of Amsterdam) Only 5% of inhabitants live in city center Walkability childfriendly Energy advatages Cycling Public transport More program, economic input Lively streets Cleaner air and water Less heat island effect

25 Using the initiatives of the people in the city people built the city -From blue print to participation -people already started - transition management channels existing energy in the city into a joint vision and translate into projects -Matchmaking between initiatives and chances

26 People in the city had already started so we just mapped it

27 Infill like bridge buildings and rooftop

28 Klushuizen / DIY houses Rotterdam

29 But if you densify more green qualities needed!!

30 We identified 7 strategies which we could facilitate more

31 input for assessment: 5000 trees and 80 hectare green spaces en networks

32 Integrated planning with green Image DoepelSstrijkers architects Tillie, 2005

33 Parking lot becomes green public space

34 Urban green / Urban farming on empty lots

35 Playgrounds Play wilderness

36 inhabitants HA green

37 Ecosystem services increased mainly by introducing a green network Healthy Life expectancy increased with two years

38 GIS data for whole the city on detailed level make it scaleble

39 So you can facilitate fast and flexible

40 A map is easier to read than dozens of excell sheets

41 100+ maps Ecological, social and economic indicators: GCIF to identify what themes are below our goals, thresholds The outomes can be read very fast!

42 Facilitate the transition process to resilience with GIS (Transilience) Other stakeholders challenges opportunities Government as a stakeholder PROJECT Coaltions Goals actions Resilinece profile Kaarten (WAT, WAAR WAAROM DAAR) Asset based planning Put open, objective data at the table

43 Result: Stakeholder chosen themes Waterproblems, recreation shortage Possible solution : watergarden, square oplossing

44 This years project in the international Architecture Biennale is: Urban by nature about the metabolism of the city Can we plan Rotterdam as an Urban Ecosystem?

45 Thank you for your attention! or Photo: speeldernis Rotterdam (play wilderness)